CN115889395A - An integrated equipment for pretreatment and hydrolysis of food waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated equipment for pretreatment and hydrolysis of kitchen waste, wherein the kitchen waste is lifted by a lifting device and then poured into a hopper, the lower part of the hopper is connected with a primary crushing device, and the primary crushing device is arranged on the upper part of a hydrolysis acid generation pool , the broken food waste residues fall into the hydrolysis acid production pool, the multifunctional circulation pump is set in the hydrolysis acid production pool, and the multifunctional circulation pump is located below the liquid level of the acid production phase, and the multifunctional circulation pump is connected to one end of the conduit, The other end of the conduit is connected to the side wall of the net-like waste plastic removal structure, and the net-like waste plastic removal structure is a replaceable part. The invention can effectively collect and remove plastics and other soft wastes that are likely to cause blockage in the traditional system, and solve the sanitary problems caused by the separate external pretreatment equipment, and at the same time integrate multiple functions into the circulation pump necessary for the treatment process, Make full use of the hydraulic cycle process to remove plastic and other wastes, which is more energy-efficient and more efficient than traditional pretreatment modes.

Description

An integrated equipment for pretreatment and hydrolysis of food waste

technical field

The invention relates to the field of kitchen waste treatment, in particular to integrated equipment for pretreatment and hydrolysis of kitchen waste.

Background technique

Food waste treatment is an important problem in the treatment of urban organic solid waste. Among them, the treatment methods of food waste mainly include collection, crushing, screening, fermentation, and recovery of biogas energy and biogas residues and other fertilizers. In the actual process, due to the difficulty of separating the packaging garbage bags in the food waste, it is difficult to remove the plastic fragments during the crushing and screening process, which will cause toxicity to the subsequent biological treatment and have a serious impact on the subsequent treatment process. First of all, the current main pretreatment process is crushing and screening or extrusion. Under the crushing and screening process, it is difficult for screening equipment such as drum screens, roller screens, and vibrating screens to screen out soft plastic bags. At the same time, it is easy to cause blockage and affect the stability of the equipment. Extrusion process, the screening effect is better, but there are problems such as continuous operation, difficulty in cleaning the inside of the extrusion mechanism, and difficulty in handling a large amount of residual residue. At the same time, the current main pretreatment methods are separated from the follow-up process, and the residue inside the open machine can easily lead to sanitary hazards such as odor and mosquitoes.

The existing sorting machine and food waste treatment method (CN102688798A) for food waste, the sorter includes a feed hopper, a sorting mechanism connected to the feed hopper, and an upstream bag breaking mechanism, Screening is carried out by rake, but it is difficult for the rake mechanism to sieve the broken plastic bag fragments, and it will cause problems of entanglement and blockage. At the same time, cleaning the entangled plastic fragments will lead to regular shutdown of the equipment and reduce the efficiency of kitchen waste treatment .

A cleaning mechanism and its food waste sorting line (CN202011071300), the core of which is a hopper, a crusher, a roller screen, a grinder and a solid-liquid separator. The hopper is used to store the garbage that needs to be processed, and the garbage is continuously input into the crusher; the crusher is used to break the garbage into granules, and then input to the roller screen; the roller screen is used to screen larger volumes of garbage, and The selected small particle garbage is input into the drum screen; the drum screen is used to further screen the garbage, so that the small particle garbage is screened out, and then sent to the crusher; the grinder is used to grind the garbage into a slurry liquid The mixture, and then the ground garbage is transported to the solid-liquid separator; the solid-liquid separator is used for solid-liquid separation of slurry garbage, and a screw press machine can be used. This mechanism can better screen and remove plastic fragments through crushing, sorting, and extrusion, but it will face the plastic fragments blocking the winding mechanism, the solid-liquid separation mechanism is inefficient, and the separate and separated pretreatment equipment residues and odors cause health risks. And other issues.

Therefore, those skilled in the art are committed to developing an integrated food waste pretreatment and hydrolysis equipment that effectively collects and removes plastic debris, solves the sanitation problems caused by the separate external pretreatment equipment, and realizes energy-saving and efficient operation.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the plastic bags and other soft plastic product fragments in the kitchen waste are not easy to clean up, and the machine is easily blocked by winding, and cleaning the wound plastic fragments will lead to regular shutdown of the equipment , The efficiency of kitchen waste treatment is low.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an integrated equipment for pretreatment and hydrolysis of kitchen waste, including: lifting device, transmission mechanism, hopper 3, primary crushing device 4, multi-functional circulation pump, conduit 8, acid production by hydrolysis Pool 13, mesh waste plastic removal structure 9, vertical rod 10, replacement port 11, pipeline 12; the trash can is placed in the lifting device, and the kitchen waste is lifted by the lifting device and poured into the hopper 3, and the bottom of the hopper 3 is connected to a A first-stage crushing device 4, the first-stage crushing device 4 is set on the upper part of the hydrolysis acid production pool, the food waste residue after the first-stage crushing falls into the hydrolysis acid production pool, and the multi-functional circulation pump is set on the hydrolysis acid production pool On the inner wall of the pool 13, and the multifunctional circulation pump is located below the acid-producing phase liquid level 14, the multifunctional circulation pump is connected to one end of the conduit 8, and the other end of the conduit 8 is connected to the mesh waste On the side wall of the plastic removal structure, the netted waste plastic removal structure 9 is a replaceable part.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lifting device includes a lifting frame 1 and a lifting mechanism 2; the trash can is placed in the lifting frame, and the hopper is fixed on the top side of the lifting frame.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lifting mechanism 2 is arranged on one side of the hydrolysis acid generation pool.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrolysis acid generation tank is a closed container with a top cover.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the net-shaped waste plastic removal structure 9 is fixed on the top cover of the hydrolysis acid generation pool 13 through a vertical rod 10, and the vertical rod 10 is a structure that can be pulled upwards, so The top cover is provided with a mesh waste plastic removal structure replacement port.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a part of the net-shaped waste plastic removal structure is located above the phase surface of the acid-generating liquid, and the bottom of the net-like waste plastic removal structure is located below the phase plane of the acid-generating liquid.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the primary crushing device 4 is single-stage or bipolar crushing, and the blade parameters are 3mm-10mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multifunctional circulation pump includes a submersible pump 5 , a water suction port 6 , and a high-speed cutter head 7 ; the submersible pump 5 is connected to the high-speed cutter head 7 .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the food waste residue produced by the primary crushing device 4 is liquefied into a liquid state in the hydrolytic acidification tank 13, and a small part of the food waste that is not completely liquefied and insoluble soft The waste is inhaled by the water suction port 6, and is secondary crushed by the high-speed cutter head 7. In the mesh waste plastic removal structure 9, the pulpy kitchen waste that has been secondary crushed enters the liquid level of the hydrolysis acidification pool 13 again. for further hydrolysis.

The multifunctional circulation pump includes a submersible pump 5, a water suction port 6, and a high-speed cutter head 7; the submersible pump 5 is connected to the high-speed cutter head 7, and the food waste residue produced by crushing is sucked by the water suction port 6, and It is secondary broken at the high-speed cutter head 7 , and finer food waste residues are discharged to the mesh waste plastic removal structure 9 through the conduit 8 .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the submersible pump 5 absorbs water to perform hydraulic circulation in the hydrolysis acid production pool.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pipeline (12) is provided at the lower part of the side wall of the hydrolysis acid production pool (13); the fermented liquid after hydrolysis and fermentation is discharged into the back-end methanogenic phase reaction system through the pipeline (12).

During the use of the food waste pretreatment and hydrolysis integrated equipment, the garbage can is placed in the lifting frame 1, and the garbage can is lifted by the lifting mechanism 2 through the transmission mechanism and poured into the hopper 3, and then crushed by the primary crushing device 4 Afterwards, it enters the hydrolysis acid generation pool 13 and falls below the acid generation liquid phase surface 14.

The hydraulic circulation and secondary crushing are carried out by the multi-functional circulation pump. The finer residue after the secondary crushing is discharged through the conduit 8 and collected at the mesh waste plastic removal structure 9. The other liquid phase fermentation liquid returns to the acid production liquid The hydraulic cycle is completed under the phase 14. The netted waste plastic removal structure 9 is fixed by the vertical bar 10, and the vertical bar 10 lifts the netted waste plastic removal structure through the replacement port 11 on the top to complete the discharge of the residue and the replacement of the netted waste plastic removal structure.

technical effect

The food waste pretreatment and hydrolysis integrated equipment provided by the present invention uses a submersible pump with a high-speed cutter head to complete the rapid cutting of plastic fragments and collect them through the net-shaped waste plastic removal structure while the water pump absorbs water to perform hydraulic circulation inside the hydrolysis tank. It effectively solves the problem that the existing crushing, sorting and extrusion pretreatment process is difficult to remove soft plastic product fragments such as plastic bags in kitchen waste, and the machine is easily entangled and blocked. It can effectively collect and remove plastic fragments. At the same time, the pretreatment equipment is placed under the liquid surface of the hydrolysis tank, and the hydrolysis and pretreatment are integrated, which is equivalent to a closed structure, and there are no sanitary hazards such as odorous mosquitoes. In addition, by using the necessary hydraulic circulation steps of the hydrolysis tank, a submersible pump with a high-speed cutter head is used to complete the rapid cutting of plastic fragments and collect them through the mesh waste plastic removal structure while the pump absorbs water to carry out the hydraulic circulation inside the hydrolysis tank. Compared with the traditional pretreatment mode, it is more energy-saving and efficient; in addition, by using the vertical rod to fix the net-shaped waste plastic removal structure under the upper replacement port, it is easy to replace the net-like waste plastic removal structure, the slag discharge is simple, and the equipment does not need to be shut down for cleaning. The operating efficiency is further improved.

The idea, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", " The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, so as to Specific orientation configurations and operations, therefore, are not to be construed as limitations on the invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the integrated equipment for pretreatment and hydrolysis of kitchen waste in this embodiment includes: a lifting frame 1, a lifting mechanism 2, a transmission mechanism, a hopper 3, a primary crushing device 4, a multifunctional circulating pump, a conduit 8, Hydrolysis acid production pool 13, mesh waste plastic removal structure 9, vertical rod 10, replacement port 11, pipeline 12;

The lifting mechanism 2 is connected to the lifting frame 1, the lifting frame 1 is fixed on one side of the hydrolysis acid production pool, the hopper 3 is fixed on one side of the lifting frame, the primary crushing device 4 is connected under the hopper, and the primary crushing device 4 is set on the hydrolysis acid production pool The primary crushing device performs primary coarse crushing of kitchen waste, and the residue of food waste after coarse crushing falls into the hydrolysis acid generation pool. The multifunctional circulation pump is set on the inner wall of the hydrolysis acid generation pool. Located below the liquid level 14 of the acid-generating phase, the multi-functional circulation pump is connected to one end of the conduit 8, and the broken waste by the multi-function circulation pump is introduced into the mesh waste plastic removal structure through the conduit 8, and the mesh waste plastic removal structure passes through the vertical bar 10 is fixed on the top cover of the hydrolysis acid production pool, and the top cover of the hydrolysis acid production pool located directly above the netted waste plastic removal structure is provided with a replacement port 11, and the lower part of the side wall of the hydrolysis acid production pool 13 is provided with a pipeline 12; A part of the waste plastic removal structure 9 is located above the acid-generating liquid phase, and the lower part is located below the acid-generating liquid phase, so as to facilitate residue filtration. Among them, the primary crushing device 4 can adopt single-stage or double-stage crushing, and the blade parameter is 3mm-10mm; the netted waste plastic removal structure can be in the form of a gauze cage, wherein the gauze mesh aperture is 1-8mm, and can adopt a single-layer or multi-layer structure.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multifunctional circulating pump includes a submersible pump 5, a water suction port 6, and a high-speed cutter head 7; the submersible pump is connected to a high-speed cutter head; the functions of the multifunctional circulating pump include: secondary crushing, i. , circulating in the hydrolysis pool, sucking plastic and other non-liquefiable soft impurities in the pool, breaking them and spraying them into the mesh waste plastic removal structure for collection; the high-speed cutter head is a multi-stage high-speed cutter head. Most of the food waste after primary crushing is liquefied in the hydrolytic acidification tank, and a small part of insoluble soft waste such as food waste and plastics that have not been completely liquefied is sucked into the water suction port, and is passed through the high-speed cutter head by the secondary stage. Crushed, in the net-shaped waste plastic removal structure, the pulpy kitchen waste that has been crushed for the second time enters the hydrolysis acidification tank for further hydrolysis, while soft waste such as plastics is intercepted and collected, and at the same time, the process is completed Hydrodynamic circulation and homogeneous stirring in the hydrolytic acidification tank.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, during the use of the food waste pretreatment and hydrolysis integrated equipment, the garbage can is placed in the lifting frame 1, and the lifting mechanism 2 lifts the garbage can through the transmission mechanism and then pours it down. into the hopper 3, after being crushed by the primary crushing device 4, it enters the hydrolysis acid production pool 13, falls below the acid production liquid phase surface 14, and performs hydraulic circulation and secondary crushing by a multifunctional circulating pump. The fine residue is discharged through the conduit 8 and collected in the gauze cage 9, and the other liquid-phase fermentation liquid returns to the acid-producing liquid phase 14 to complete the hydraulic cycle. The gauze cage 9 is fixed by a vertical rod 10, and the gauze cage is lifted by the vertical rod 10 through the replacement port 11 on the top, so as to complete the discharge of the residue and the replacement of the gauze cage. The fermented liquid after hydrolysis and fermentation is further discharged into the rear end through the pipeline 12 to carry out the methanogenic phase reaction. Wherein the primary crushing device 4 is a high-power crusher.

The food waste pretreatment and hydrolysis integrated equipment uses a submersible pump with a high-speed cutter head to absorb water in the water pump to perform hydraulic circulation inside the hydrolysis tank. At the same time, it completes the rapid cutting of plastic fragments and collects them through gauze cages, which effectively solves the existing problem. The crushing, sorting and extrusion pretreatment process is difficult to remove soft plastic product fragments such as plastic bags in kitchen waste, and the machine is easy to be entangled and blocked. It can effectively collect and remove plastic fragments. At the same time, the pretreatment equipment is placed under the liquid surface of the hydrolysis tank, and the hydrolysis and pretreatment are integrated, which is equivalent to a closed structure, and there are no sanitary hazards such as odorous mosquitoes. In addition, by using the necessary hydraulic circulation steps of the hydrolysis tank, a submersible pump with a high-speed cutter head is used to complete the rapid cutting of plastic fragments and collect them through the gauze cage while the pump absorbs water to carry out the internal hydraulic circulation of the hydrolysis tank. The treatment mode is more energy-saving and efficient; at the same time, by using the vertical bar to fix the gauze cage under the replacement port, it is easy to replace the gauze cage, facilitate slag discharge, and can effectively remove plastic debris and other sundries, and the slag discharge process does not affect the operation of the equipment , The equipment does not need to be shut down, and the operating efficiency is further improved.

The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes according to the concept of the present invention without creative efforts. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. An integrated equipment for pretreatment and hydrolysis of food waste, characterized in that it includes a lifting device, a transmission mechanism, a hopper (3), a primary crushing device (4), a multifunctional circulation pump, a conduit (8), a hydrolysis Acid production pool (13), mesh waste plastic removal structure (9), vertical rod (10), replacement port (11), pipeline (12); the trash can is placed in the lifting device, and the kitchen waste is lifted by the lifting device Pour into the hopper (3), the primary crushing device (4) is connected below the hopper (3), and the primary crushing device (4) is arranged on the upper part of the hydrolysis acid production pool, and the broken food waste residues fall into the In the hydrolysis acid production pool, the multifunctional circulation pump is arranged on the inner wall of the hydrolysis acid production pool (13), and the multifunctional circulation pump is located below the acid production phase liquid level (14), and the multifunctional circulation pump It is connected with one end of the conduit (8), and the other end of the conduit (8) is connected to the side wall of the net-like waste plastic removal structure (9), and the net-like waste plastic removal structure (9) can be Replacement parts. 2. The equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the lifting device comprises a lifting frame (1) and a lifting mechanism (2); the trash can is placed in the lifting frame (1), and the hopper (3) is fixed On the top side of the lifting frame (1). 3. The equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, the lifting mechanism (2) is arranged on one side of the hydrolysis acid generation pool (13). 4. The equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the hydrolysis acid generating pool (13) is a closed container with a top cover. 5. The described equipment of claim 4, is characterized in that, described mesh waste plastics removal structure (9) is fixed on the described top cover of hydrolysis acid production pool (13) by vertical bar (10), and described vertical The rod (10) is a structure that can be pulled upwards; the top cover is provided with a mesh waste plastic removal structure replacement port. 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that, a part of the net-like waste plastic removal structure (9) is located above the acid-generating liquid phase surface, and the bottom of the net-like waste plastic removal structure is located above the acid-generating liquid phase plane Down. 7. The equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary crushing device (4) is single-stage or double-stage crushing, and the blade parameters are 3mm-10mm. 8. The equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the multifunctional circulating pump comprises a submersible pump (5), a water suction port (6), a high-speed cutter head (7); the submersible pump (5) is connected to the Describe the high-speed cutter head (7). 9. The equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, the food waste residue produced by the primary crushing device (4) is liquefied in the hydrolytic acidification tank (13) into a liquid state, and a small part is not completely liquefied The food waste and insoluble soft waste are sucked by the water suction port (6), and are secondary crushed by the high-speed cutter head (7), and are secondary crushed in the mesh waste plastic removal structure (9). Slurry kitchen waste re-enters the hydrolytic acidification pool (13) for further hydrolysis under the liquid surface. 10. The equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the lower part of the side wall of the hydrolysis acid production pool (13) is provided with a pipeline (12); the fermented liquid after hydrolysis and fermentation is discharged into the rear end by the pipeline (12) to produce methane phase reaction system.

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