CN115843514B

CN115843514B - Fertilizing method for grape plants and application of fertilizing method

Info

Publication number: CN115843514B
Application number: CN202211476134.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马倩; 刘鹏; 陈日远; 阚凤玲
Original assignee: Beijing Golden Way Biotechnology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Golden Way Biotechnology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-11-23
Filing date: 2022-11-23
Publication date: 2024-06-21
Anticipated expiration: 2042-11-23
Also published as: CN115843514A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, and particularly discloses a fertilization method of grape plants and application thereof. The fertilizing method provided by the application comprises the following steps: applying medium-maturing compost at a position which is 30-60cm away from the plant root system and 0-20cm away from the soil surface layer; the organic matter content of the medium-ripe compost is more than or equal to 60 percent, and the content of easily-oxidized organic matters is more than or equal to 15 percent; and the application of the fertilization method in grape plant cultivation. The fertilizing method provided by the application can solve the problem of floating of grape root systems, can also improve soil fertility, saves planting cost and improves grape quality.

Description

Fertilizing method for grape plants and application of fertilizing method

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, in particular to a fertilization method of grape plants and application thereof.

Background

In recent years, the problem of grape root floating is more and more serious, and the research finds that the cause of grape root floating mainly comprises the following aspects: firstly, when the underground water level of the vineyard is high or the drainage of the vineyard is poor, the water content of the grape root system part is easy to be too high, the grape root system is easy to suffocate, the grape root system is forced to grow to the earth surface, and the grape root system floats upwards; secondly, the grape root system has water fertilizer property, if fertilizer is spread on the ground surface for a long time, the grape root system grows on the ground surface, and the grape root system is easy to float upwards; thirdly, the chemical fertilizer is applied for a long time to cause soil hardening and poor air permeability, so that grape root systems are forced to float upwards. The grape root system floats upwards to easily cause a series of problems, such as the water content of the soil surface layer is changed, the grape root system is positioned on the soil surface layer which is dry and wet, and grape fruit cracking is extremely easy to cause; the microorganism content of the soil surface layer is rich, and the harmful pathogenic bacteria are more, so that the probability of infection disease of the grape root is greatly increased.

Currently, the main solutions for grape root system floating are as follows: firstly, arranging a calandria channel for an orchard to ensure drought energy irrigation and waterlogging energy discharge in the orchard, but the implementation cost of the method is higher, the whole orchard needs to be modified, the engineering quantity is huge, and the problem that grape root systems float upwards cannot be fundamentally solved; secondly, the fertilization mode is changed, and the grape root system is guided to be distributed to the deep soil by means of deep ditching and deep hole fertilization, and the fertilization method is easy to damage the deep soil structure and easy to cause the condition that the fertilizer concentration in the holes is too large, so that the root system cannot be absorbed in time, poisoning, root burning and the like are caused. Therefore, it is highly desirable to provide a method for fundamentally solving the problem of grape root system floating.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem of floating of grape root systems, the application provides a fertilization method of grape plants.

In a first aspect, the application provides a fertilization method for grape plants, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a method of fertilizing a grape plant, the method comprising: applying medium-maturing compost at a position 30-60cm away from the plant trunk and 0-20cm above the soil surface.

The fertilizing method provided by the application is that the medium-ripe compost is applied to shallow soil 30-60cm away from the plant trunk, and a large amount of phenolic substances and organic acids can be generated in the decomposition heating process of the medium-ripe compost, so that the phenolic substances and the organic acids can inhibit the growth of plants; therefore, when the shallow soil contains a large amount of phenolic substances and organic acids, the grape root system can bypass the shallow soil and grow to deeper soil, so that the problem of floating grape root systems is solved.

The application adopts medium-ripe compost, which is fermented and sterilized at high temperature, but has a state that a plurality of organic matters can be utilized by microorganisms. The fertilizer can generate a large amount of phenolic substances and organic acids in the process of decomposing and heating, so that the medium-ripe compost is applied to the surface layer of soil (shallow soil), and the phenolic substances and organic acids generated by the medium-ripe compost can be utilized to inhibit plants from growing to the surface layer of the soil and promote the plants to extend to deeper soil, thereby solving the problem of floating grape root systems. In addition, the medium-ripe compost can be continuously fermented and decomposed after being applied to the soil surface layer, wherein the easily-oxidized organic matters can stimulate the growth of microorganisms and generate secondary metabolites which are key to the formation of grape flavor substances, so that the quality of the grapes can be improved by applying the medium-ripe compost.

The new root system of the grape is generally positioned in deep soil with the grape trunk as the center and the radius of 30-60 cm. Therefore, in the fertilizing method, the fertilizing position is set at the shallow soil 30-60cm away from the grape trunk.

Preferably, the position of the fertilization can be a soil surface layer at a distance of 30-60cm from the grape trunk.

In a specific embodiment, the location of the fertilization may be 30-60cm from the grape trunk and 10-20cm from the depth of the soil surface layer.

In a specific embodiment, the location of the fertilization may be 30-60cm from the grape trunk and 0cm from the depth of the soil surface (deposited on the soil surface).

Preferably, the organic matter content of the medium-ripe compost is more than or equal to 60%, and the content of easily-oxidized organic matter is more than or equal to 15%.

The higher the content of the easily-oxidized organic matters in the medium-matured compost is, the stronger the primary fermentation effect is, the more phenols and organic acid substances are secreted, and the better the effect of inhibiting the grape root system from floating up is. Therefore, the organic matter content and the easily-oxidizable organic matter content of the medium-ripe compost are controlled within the ranges, so that a large amount of phenols and organic acid substances can be secreted to inhibit the grape root system from floating up, the medium-ripe compost can be quickly fermented and decomposed, and nutrients can be provided for grape plants.

Further preferably, the organic matter content of the medium-ripe compost is more than or equal to 65%, and the content of easily-oxidized organic matter is more than or equal to 20%.

The application further controls the organic matter content and the easily-oxidizable organic matter content of the medium-ripe compost within the ranges, so that phenols and organic acid substances secreted by the medium-ripe compost can be more, and the effect of inhibiting the grape root system from floating up is better.

Preferably, the medium-ripe compost is selected from kitchen waste, soybean meal, sugar residue, seaweed residue and animal manure.

Preferably, the water content of the kitchen waste is 8-15%, and the water content of the animal manure is 20-30%.

The kitchen waste is food residues such as leftovers, pericarps, leaves, animal bones, viscera, waste edible oil and fat and the like generated in the food consumption process, and contains a large amount of nutrient substances (organic matters, trace elements and the like), so that the kitchen waste can be used in soil to improve soil fertility. The main components of the soybean meal are protein, lysine, tryptophan and methionine, the soybean meal can be decomposed in soil and converted into various humic acid substances, the soybean meal can provide C, H, O for plants, and the soil hardening can be broken down to loosen the soil; the sugar slag contains a large amount of organic matters and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, so that the moisture in the soil can be regulated, and the pH value of the soil can be activated and balanced; the seaweed residues are dry residues obtained by drying and squeezing seaweed, and the seaweed contains major elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, microelements of iron, boron, molybdenum, calcium, magnesium, iodine, cobalt, zinc, manganese, copper and the like, and also contains bioactive substances of alginic acid, seaweed polysaccharide, oligosaccharide, amino acid, phenolic polymer compound and the like; the animal feces contains cellulose, hemicellulose, protein, and its decomposed products (fat, organic acid), etc. The medium-matured compost obtained by the substances is applied to shallow soil, and each substance can decompose and heat in the soil so as to generate a certain amount of phenolic substances and organic acid, so that a new root system bypasses the surface layer of the soil and grows downwards, and the problem of floating of the grape root system is solved.

Further preferably, the kitchen waste is subjected to oil removal, desalination and biological strengthening humification treatment; the animal manure is cow manure, sheep manure or horse manure.

Preferably, the kitchen waste is kitchen waste in a medium-ripe state.

In the application, since kitchen waste contains a large amount of oil, salt and other substances and is easy to rot, deoiling and desalting are needed, rice hull powder auxiliary materials are added, and biological strengthening humification treatment is needed. The grease, salt and the like in the treated kitchen waste are removed, and the kitchen waste is also in a semi-decomposed state. The kitchen waste in the half-decomposed state is applied to the soil surface layer, and the kitchen waste can be fermented and decomposed continuously, so that a large amount of phenols and organic acid substances can be produced in the process, the growth of grape root systems to the soil surface layer is inhibited, and the problem of floating grape root systems is solved.

The cow dung, the sheep dung or the horse dung can also produce phenols and organic acid substances in the fermentation process, and the water content of the cow dung, the sheep dung or the horse dung is small, so that the cow dung, the sheep dung or the horse dung can be used as medium-ripe compost to inhibit the grape root system from floating upwards and improve the soil fertility.

Preferably, the medium-ripe compost is a mixture of kitchen waste and cow dung; the weight ratio of the kitchen waste to the cow dung is 1: (0.4-0.8).

Because the kitchen waste contains a large amount of easily-oxidized organic matters and the cow dung contains a large amount of microorganisms, the cow dung is mixed with the kitchen waste, so that the easily-oxidized organic matters in the kitchen waste can be utilized to stimulate the microorganisms to grow and reproduce, and the microorganisms can further promote the fermentation and the decomposition of the kitchen waste. Therefore, the weight ratio of the kitchen waste to the cow dung is controlled within the range, so that the kitchen waste can be thoroughly fermented, more phenols and organic acid substances are obtained, and the effect of inhibiting the grape root system from floating up is more remarkable.

In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the kitchen waste to the cow dung may be 1: (0.4-0.6) or 1: (0.6-0.8).

In a specific embodiment, the weight ratio of the kitchen waste to the cow dung may be 1:0.4, 1:0.6 or 1:0.8.

The weight ratio of the kitchen waste to the cow dung is further controlled within the range, the obtained medium-ripe compost is better in use effect, and the effect of inhibiting the grape root system from floating up is more remarkable. In addition, the medium-ripe compost can further improve soil fertility, save planting cost and improve grape quality.

Preferably, the amount of medium-ripe compost applied is 1.5-3 kg/plant.

The application amount of the medium-ripe base fertilizer applied to each grape vine is controlled within the range, so that the floating of grape root systems can be restrained, and damage to the grape root systems caused by medium-ripe compost can be avoided.

In some embodiments, the amount of medium-matured compost applied may be 1.5-3 kg/plant, 1.5-2 kg/plant, or 2-3 kg/plant.

In a specific embodiment, the amount of medium-matured compost applied may be 1.5 kg/plant, 2 kg/plant or 3 kg/plant.

Preferably, the application time of the medium-ripe compost is the growth period of new roots of plants.

The new root growth period of the plant is a stage of rapid growth and extension of the plant root system, and during the period, the plant root system is easy to grow and extend to the surface layer of the soil. Therefore, the fertilizing method provided by the application is to apply medium-ripe compost to shallow soil around the grape in the new root growing period of the grape, and inhibit the upward growth of the root system of the grape by using phenols and organic acid substances secreted by the medium-ripe compost, so that the grape is forced to grow to deeper soil, and the problem of floating of the grape root system is fundamentally solved.

Preferably, the fertilizing method further comprises deep turning, and the specific steps are as follows: and after the new root growing period, deeply turning the medium-matured compost to a position 30-50cm away from the soil surface layer.

The medium-ripe compost can be completely fermented and decomposed in the new root growth period to become a complete-ripe organic fertilizer, so that after the new root growth period is finished, the grape is harvested, the medium-ripe compost is directly deeply turned into deep soil, the medium-ripe compost is directly used as a month fertilizer, the soil fertility and the organic matter content are further improved, the soil is loosened, the soil structure is improved, and meanwhile, the plant is insulated, so that the plant can safely go through winter.

In summary, in the fertilizing method provided by the application, the middle-matured compost is adopted to fertilize the shallow soil layer in the new root growth period of the grape, so that the root system of the grape can be restrained from stretching to the surface, and the root system is prevented from floating upwards; after the new root growing period, the grape is harvested, the medium-ripe compost is deeply ploughed to deep soil, so that the soil structure is improved, and nutrients are provided for the grape. Therefore, the fertilizing method provided by the application can solve the problem of floating of grape root systems, can also improve soil fertility, saves planting cost and improves grape quality.

In a second aspect, the application provides the application of the fertilization method in grape plant cultivation.

The fertilization method provided by the application can inhibit the growth of grape root systems to the surface layer of soil and to deep soil, so that the problem of floating grape root systems is fundamentally solved; the fertilizing method can also improve soil fertility and organic matter content, loosen soil and improve soil structure, and meanwhile, the grape plants are insulated, so that the grape plants can safely go through winter.

In summary, the application has the following beneficial effects:

1. the application provides a fertilizing method of grape plants, which is to apply medium-matured compost at a position which is 30-60cm away from plant root systems and 0-20cm away from the soil surface layer, and can effectively solve the problem of floating of grape root systems.

2. The medium-ripe compost provided by the application is selected from kitchen waste, soybean meal, sugar residues, seaweed residues and animal manure, and can be applied to soil to decompose a large amount of phenols and organic acid substances by heating, so that the growth of plant root systems to the surface layer of the soil is inhibited, the growth of the plant root systems to deep soil is promoted, and the problem of floating of the plant root systems is solved.

3. The application further selects the mixture of kitchen waste and cow dung as medium-ripeness compost, and the weight ratio of the kitchen waste to the cow dung is controlled at 1: in the range of (0.4-0.8), the fermentation and decomposition of the kitchen waste can be more complete, and the obtained phenols and organic acid substances are more remarkable in effect of inhibiting the floating of plant roots.

4. In the fertilizing method provided by the application, after the new root growth period is completed, the grape is harvested, and the medium-ripe compost is deeply turned to a position 30-50cm away from the soil surface layer, so that the medium-ripe compost is used as a moon fertilizer to promote the soil fertility and the organic matter content, loosen the soil, improve the soil structure, and simultaneously preserve heat of plants, so that the plants can safely go through winter.

Detailed Description

The application provides a fertilization method of grape plants, which comprises the following steps: applying medium-maturing compost at a position which is 30-60cm away from the root system of the plant and 0-20cm away from the soil surface layer in the new root growing period of the plant, wherein the application amount is 1.5-3.0 kg/plant; and then after the new root growth period is finished, deep turning the applied medium-maturing compost into the soil.

Wherein the medium-ripe compost is selected from kitchen waste, soybean meal, sugar residue, seaweed residue and animal manure. Further, the medium-ripe compost is a mixture of kitchen waste and cow dung, and the weight ratio of the kitchen waste to the cow dung is 1: (0.4-0.8).

The kitchen waste adopted by the application is taken from kitchen waste treatment factories in university villages in sea lake area of Beijing city, and is treated by using a biological strengthening humification technology of Beijing Jiabo biotechnology limited company; the test site of the embodiment of the application is located in the key region of Weinan city in Shaanxi province so that the city is three raised paths between fields villages; cow dung is obtained from Weinan Xinghoucun cattle farm in Kaisha, bean pulp is purchased from Jinan green source biotechnology Co., ltd, and seaweed residues are purchased from Nippon original force biotechnology Co., ltd; the remaining raw materials are also commercially available.

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to preparation examples, examples and performance test.

Preparation example

Preparation examples 1 to 6

Preparation examples 1 to 6 each provided a medium-ripe compost, the above preparation examples being distinguished in that: the components and the addition amounts of the medium-ripe compost are shown in Table 1.

The preparation method of the medium-ripe compost provided in preparation example 3 comprises the following steps:

(1) The patent CN1850965A discloses a recycling treatment method of organic wastes in a kitchen, which takes kitchen wastes as raw materials, and comprises the steps of deoiling, desalting, three-phase separation, inoculating BGB high-temperature composite bacteria, mixing with rice hull powder auxiliary materials, and fermenting to obtain the kitchen wastes in a medium-ripe state.

The source of the degradable residual waste materials and the residual food of the dining table generated in the kitchen of enterprises, institutions, enterprises and institutions is wide, and the food is easy to obtain; the BGB high temperature complex bacteria are from Beijing Jiabo biotechnology Co; the rice hull powder auxiliary material is from a new feed business in the lead mountain county.

(2) And then taking 10kg of kitchen waste in the medium-ripe state and 4kg of cow dung, and uniformly mixing to obtain the medium-ripe compost.

TABLE 1 Components and addition amounts of medium-ripe compost provided in preparation examples 1 to 6

Preparation example 7

Preparation example 7 provides a medium-ripe compost.

(1) The patent CN1850965A discloses a recycling treatment method of organic wastes in a kitchen, which takes kitchen wastes as raw materials, and comprises the steps of deoiling, desalting, three-phase separation, inoculating BGB high-temperature composite bacteria, mixing with rice hull auxiliary materials, and fermenting to obtain kitchen wastes in a medium-ripe state;

(2) And then taking 10kg of kitchen waste in the medium-ripeness state and 6kg of seaweed residues, and uniformly mixing to obtain the medium-ripeness compost.

Preparation example 8

Preparation example 8 provides a medium-ripe compost.

The preparation method of the medium-ripe compost comprises the following steps: taking 10kg of cow dung, 5kg of bean pulp and 5kg of seaweed residues, and uniformly mixing to obtain the medium-ripe compost.

Performance detection

The organic matter content and the easily-oxidizable organic matter content of the medium-ripe compost provided in the above preparation examples 1 to 8 were detected, and the detection results are shown in Table 2.

The organic matter content and the easily oxidized organic matter content of the medium-ripe compost are detected according to the method provided by NY/T2876-2015 organic matter classification determination of fertilizer and soil conditioner, and the total nitrogen content is detected according to the method provided by NY/T525-2021 organic fertilizer.

TABLE 2 Performance test results of the medium-ripe compost provided in preparation examples 1-8, comparative preparation example 1

As shown by the detection results in Table 2, the organic matter content of the medium-ripe compost provided by the preparation examples 1-8 is more than or equal to 60%, the content of the easily-oxidized organic matter is more than or equal to 15%, and the C/N value is 16.0-26.0. Therefore, the medium-ripe compost is applied to soil, and phenols and organic acid substances generated by the primary fermentation effect of the medium-ripe compost can be effectively utilized to inhibit the upward growth of grape root systems, so that the problem of floating of grape root systems is solved. Meanwhile, the medium-ripe compost can continuously provide nutrients for grape plants in the fermentation and decomposition process, so that the quality of the grapes is improved.

Examples

The following fertilization test was carried out in 2021 in a grape plantation in the region of Weinan city, near the end of Shaanxi province, three raised paths between fields villages, and 32 sunlight rose grape plants with good growth state and basically the same size were selected, and each 2 sunlight rose grape plants were tested by the fertilization method provided in 1 example or comparative example, and the identical field management measures were adopted during the test.

Example 1

Example 1 provides a method of fertilizing grape plants.

The fertilization method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) The medium-maturing compost provided in preparation example 1 is applied around the trunk for one week at a position 30-60cm away from the trunk of the grape and 10-20cm away from the depth of the soil surface layer for 14 days (before the germination of the sunlight rose grape plants) in 2021, and the application amount of each grape plant is 3kg.

(2) After the grapes are harvested in 10 and 8 days of 2021, the applied medium-ripe compost is deeply turned to a position 30-50cm away from the soil surface layer.

Example 2

Example 2 provides a method of fertilizing grape plants.

The fertilization method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) 3 months and 14 days of 2021 (before the sunshine rose grape plants sprout), 3kg of medium-maturing compost provided in preparation example 1 is piled around the trunk of the grape at a position 30-60cm away from the trunk of the grape and 0-10cm away from the depth of the soil surface layer.

Example 3

Example 3 provides a method of fertilizing grape plants, which differs from example 1 in that: in the fertilization method provided in example 3, the fertilization amount was 1.5kg.

Example 4

Example 4 provides a method of fertilizing grape plants, which differs from example 1 in that: in the fertilization method provided in example 3, the fertilization amount was 2kg.

Examples 5 to 11

Examples 5-11 provide a method of fertilizing grape plants.

The above embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the medium-maturing compost adopted in the fertilization method is specifically shown in table 3.

Table 3 examples 5-11 provide examples of middle-matured compost used in the fertilization method

Examples	Source of medium-ripe compost	Examples	Source of medium-ripe compost
				5	Preparation example 2	9	Preparation example 6
6	Preparation example 3	10	Preparation example 7
				7	Preparation example 4	11	Preparation example 8
8	Preparation example 5	-	-

Comparative example

Comparative example 1

Comparative example 1 provides a method of fertilizing grape plants.

The fertilization method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) The medium-maturing compost provided in preparation example 1 is applied around the trunk for one week at a position 30-60cm away from the trunk of the grape and 20-30cm away from the depth of the soil surface layer for 14 days (before the germination of the sunlight rose grape plants) in 2021, and the application amount of each grape plant is 3kg.

Comparative example 2

Comparative example 2 provides a method of fertilizing grape plants.

The fertilization method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) The medium-maturing compost provided in preparation example 1 is applied around the trunk for one week at a position 30-60cm away from the trunk of the grape and 10-20cm away from the depth of the soil surface layer for 14 days (before the germination of the sunlight rose grape plants) in 2021, and the application amount of each grape plant is 1kg.

Comparative example 3

Comparative example 3 provides a method of fertilizing grape plants.

The fertilization method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) The medium-maturing compost provided in preparation example 1 is applied around the trunk for one week at a position 30-60cm away from the trunk of the grape and 10-20cm away from the depth of the soil surface layer for 14 days (before the germination of the sunlight rose grape plants) in 2021, and the application amount of each grape plant is 4kg.

Comparative example 4

Comparative example 4 provides a method of fertilizing grape plants.

The fertilization method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) And applying common organic fertilizer (common organic fertilizer belongs to well-done compost and is purchased from Hubei green agricultural development Co., ltd.) around the trunks at a position 30-60cm away from the trunks of the grapes and 10-20cm away from the depth of the soil surface layer for 14 days (before the sunlight rose grape plants sprout), wherein the application amount of each grape plant is 3kg.

(2) After the grapes are harvested in 10 and 8 days of 2021, the applied common organic fertilizer is deeply turned to a position 30-50cm away from the soil surface layer.

Comparative example 5

Comparative example 5 provides a method of fertilizing grape plants.

The fertilization method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) And applying conventional compound fertilizer (16-16-16 compound fertilizer) around the trunks for one week at a position 30-60cm away from the trunks of the grapes and 10-20cm away from the soil surface layer depth for 14 days (before the germination of the sunlight rose grape plants) in 2021, wherein the application amount of each grape plant is 0.3kg.

(2) After the grapes are harvested in 10 and 8 days of 2021, continuously applying a month fertilizer into the soil, wherein the month fertilizer is a common organic fertilizer (purchased from Hubei green agricultural development Co., ltd.) and the application amount is 300-600 Kg/mu.

Performance test

The number of root systems in the shallow soil layers and the organic matter content in the soil in examples 1 to 11 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were examined, and the examination results are shown in Table 4.

(1) The root system quantity detection method comprises the following steps: after harvesting the grapes, making a vertical section of soil by a trench method to investigate the composition and distribution of individual root systems. The specific method comprises the following steps: digging a soil section with the length of 80cm, the width of 80cm and the depth of 40cm from a position 20cm away from the trunk of the grape plant; then cutting the soil profile along the vertical direction (depth direction) at intervals of 10cm, dividing the profile into soil layer profiles of 0-10cm, 10-20cm, 20-30cm and 30-40cm, and counting the number of root systems on each soil layer profile; shallow soil is generally soil at a distance of 0-20cm from the surface layer of the soil, so the total root system number ratio in the soil layer section of 0-20cm is calculated.

(2) And (3) detecting the content of organic matters: after harvesting the grapes, respectively taking 5 soil samples at the fertilization positions (20 cm away from the soil surface layer) around each grape plant, detecting the organic matter content in each soil sample according to the method provided by NY/T2876-2015, and taking an average value.

TABLE 4 results of test for the number of shallow soil root systems

As can be seen from the test results of examples 1-11 and comparative examples 4-5 in Table 4, the root system number of grape plants cultivated by medium-maturing compost in examples 1-11 in shallow soil of 0-20cm is less than 40%, while the root system number of grape plants cultivated by common organic fertilizer and conventional compound fertilizer in comparative examples 4-5 in shallow soil of 0-20cm is 60.3%. Therefore, the application shows that the fertilizing method of medium-ripe compost can promote the grape root system to grow downwards, reduce the root system quantity of shallow soil and effectively solve the problem of floating grape root system in the related technology.

The detection results of the examples 1-2 and the comparative example 1 show that the root system quantity in the shallow soil of 0-20cm in the examples 1-2 is 17.6% and 20.6% respectively; the number of root systems in the shallow soil of 0-20cm in comparative example 1 was 50%. Therefore, the application determines the fertilization position of the medium-ripe compost as follows: the grape root system can be promoted to grow downwards at the position 30-60cm away from the grape trunk and 0-20cm away from the soil surface layer, so that the problem of floating of the grape root system is effectively solved.

According to the detection results of the embodiment 1, the embodiment 3-4 and the comparative example 2-3, when the fertilization amount in the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 3-4 is 1.5-3 kg/plant, the root system amount in the shallow soil of 0-20cm is less than or equal to 25%; while in comparative example 2, the amount of root systems in shallow soil of 0-20cm was 40.6% when the fertilizing amount was 1 kg/plant; in the comparative example 3, the amount of root systems in the shallow soil of 0 to 20cm was 29.2% when the fertilization amount was 4 kg/plant, and the number of root systems in the soil was small as a whole. Therefore, the fertilizing amount of the mature compost is controlled within the range of 1.5-3 kg/plant, which not only inhibits the floating of the grape root system, but also does not damage the grape root system.

According to the detection results of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 5-9, the root system quantity in the shallow soil of 0cm to 20cm is 17.6 percent and 37.3 percent respectively when the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 5 only adopt kitchen waste in a medium-ripe state or only adopt cow dung as medium-ripe compost; example 9 uses kitchen waste in medium-ripe state mixed with cow dung, and the weight ratio of kitchen waste in medium-ripe state to cow dung is controlled to be 1:1, the quantity of root systems in the obtained 0-20cm shallow soil accounts for 21.4 percent; while examples 6-8 used kitchen waste in medium-ripe state mixed with cow dung, and the weight ratio of kitchen waste in medium-ripe state to cow dung was controlled at 1: (0.4-0.8), and the number of root systems in the obtained shallow soil with the thickness of 0-20cm is 12.5-17.1%. The application shows that the kitchen waste in medium-ripeness state is mixed with cow dung for use, so that the cow dung can be thoroughly fermented and decomposed, the obtained phenols and organic acid substances are more, and the effect of inhibiting the grape root system from floating up is more obvious.

According to the detection results of examples 10-11, the fertilization method obtained by mixing kitchen waste and seaweed residues in example 10 and by mixing cow dung, bean pulp and seaweed residues in example 11 can inhibit the floating of grape root systems, and can not influence the normal growth of root systems.

In summary, in the fertilizing method provided by the application, the medium-matured compost is applied to the position which is 30-60cm away from the plant trunk and 0-20cm away from the soil surface layer, so that the grape root system can be restrained from growing to the soil surface layer, and the grape root system can be promoted to grow to deep soil, and the problem of floating up of the plant root system is fundamentally solved; and further adopts kitchen waste and cow dung to mix and use, and the weight ratio of the kitchen waste to cow dung is controlled at 1: in the range of (0.4-0.8), the effect of inhibiting the floating of the grape root system is more remarkable.

While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A method of fertilizing grape plants, the method comprising: applying medium-maturing compost at a position which is 30-60cm away from the plant trunk and 0-20cm away from the soil surface layer;

The medium-ripe compost is kitchen waste or a mixture of meal removal waste and cow dung;

The kitchen waste is subjected to oil removal, desalting and biological strengthening humification treatment;

The weight ratio of the kitchen waste to the cow dung is 1: (0.4-0.8);

The application amount of the medium-ripe compost is 1.5-3 kg/plant;

The application time of the medium-ripe compost is the growth period of new roots of plants, and the root system is prevented from floating upwards;

The fertilizing method also comprises deep turning, and comprises the following specific steps: after the new root growing period is finished, harvesting the grape, deep turning the medium-ripe compost to a position 30-50cm away from the soil surface layer, and providing nutrients for the grape.

2. The fertilizing method as recited in claim 1, wherein said medium-ripe compost has an organic matter content of not less than 60% and an easily oxidizable organic matter content of not less than 15%.

3. The fertilizing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic matter content of said medium-ripe compost is more than or equal to 65% and the content of easily-oxidizable organic matter is more than or equal to 20%.

4. Use of the fertilization method according to any one of claims 1-3 for the cultivation of grape plants.