CN115833522B - Asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns, guide rail structure and guide rail system formed by asymmetric 8-shaped coil - Google Patents
Asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns, guide rail structure and guide rail system formed by asymmetric 8-shaped coil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns, a guide rail structure formed by the asymmetric 8-shaped coil and a guide rail system formed by the asymmetric 8-shaped coil, and relates to the technical field of high-speed magnetic levitation transportation. The turns asymmetric 8-shaped coil is arranged on a side wall beam of a guide rail structure of the superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system and comprises a first annular coil opposite to the upper part of the vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet and a second annular coil opposite to the lower part of the vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet; the first annular coil and the second annular coil are reversely connected in series, and the number of turns of the first annular coil is smaller than that of the second annular coil. The asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the turns can generate electromagnetic force between the vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet before the vehicle floats and after the vehicle falls, so that the bearing of the auxiliary supporting wheel is lightened, and the vehicle floats and falls at a speed lower than the existing speed. And also discloses a guide rail structure and a guide rail system which are formed by the asymmetric 8-shaped coils with turns.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-speed magnetic levitation transportation, in particular to an asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns, and a guide rail structure and a guide rail system formed by the asymmetric 8-shaped coil.
Background
The maglev trains can be classified into the following four types according to the levitation principle: electromagnetic levitation (EMS), electrodynamic levitation (EDS), superconducting levitation (HTS), and hybrid levitation. The superconducting magnetic levitation mainly comprises two types: one is a superconducting electric magnetic levitation train based on a kinetic current generation principle, and the other is a high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation train based on an induced current principle.
The EDS vehicle can realize self-guiding, passive suspension and does not need active control, has larger floating weight ratio, floating resistance ratio and suspension height, and is a magnetic suspension mode with highest quasi-commercial operation speed at present. These advantages of EDS vehicles benefit from their levitation guidance system, which consists of symmetrical 8-shaped coils mounted on side wall beams on both sides of the guideway and on-board superconducting magnets. When the EDS vehicle passes through the guide rail at a high speed, the vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet provides a strong magnetic field, induced current is generated in the 8-shaped coil on the side wall beam, the d-loop (lower loop) induced magnetic field and the vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet have the same polarity to generate repulsive force, and the u-loop (upper loop) induced magnetic field and the vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet have opposite polarities to generate attractive force, so that the vehicle suspension is realized. The direction of the transverse resultant force is opposite to the transverse direction of the vehicle, so that the guiding is realized.
The speed of the floating/landing of the EDS vehicle is about 100-150 km/h, when the speed of the floating/landing is lower than that of the floating/landing, the induced current generated in the 8-shaped coil is smaller, the electromagnetic force is insufficient to realize the suspension of the vehicle, the supporting wheels are arranged below the bogie, and the guide wheels are arranged on two sides of the bogie. The geometric dimension and the electrical parameters of the 8-shaped coil and the vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet directly determine the electromagnetic coupling relation between the 8-shaped coil and the vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet, and further determine the levitation guiding performance of the EDS vehicle. Compared with wheel-rail traffic, the magnetic suspension traffic has the greatest advantages that no wheel-rail contact abrasion exists, when the running speed is lower than the floating/landing speed, the stable running of the vehicle is realized by the auxiliary supporting wheels and the guide wheels, and as the auxiliary supporting wheels and the guide wheels are made of rubber materials, the obvious abrasion and fatigue problems exist, and the maintenance workload and the maintenance cost of the vehicle are increased. Under the high-speed condition, the running state and the suspension running state of the auxiliary supporting wheel are switched, so that higher requirements are provided for the suspension frame structure and the vibration reduction design, the unsprung mass of the suspension frame is increased by the corresponding actuating mechanism and the like, and the passenger carrying capacity of the vehicle is reduced. In order to allow the EDS vehicle to switch from the auxiliary support wheel travel to the levitation travel state at a lower speed; similarly, during the falling, the EDS vehicle can be switched from the suspension running state to the auxiliary supporting wheel running state at a lower speed, so that the collision speed of the auxiliary supporting wheel and the guide rail is reduced, and the vibration impact of the suspension frame is reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the problem of insufficient levitation force and guiding force during low-speed operation and reduce the speed of the EDS vehicle in levitation/landing.
The 8-shaped coil of the straight line section of the guide rail of the traditional EDS transportation system adopts a symmetric turn number form, namely the turn numbers of the u-loop and the d-loop are equal, and the turns numbers of the u-loop and the d-loop are 24 turns. Taking the floating process of an EDS vehicle as an example, under the action of an auxiliary supporting wheel, the center of the vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet is kept to be coincident with the center of the 8-shaped coil, the u-loop and the d-loop of the 8-shaped coil are identical in size, and the number of turns is the same, so that the net magnetic flux of the 8-shaped coil is zero when the centers are coincident. When the running speed of the superconducting EDS vehicle reaches the floating speed, the auxiliary supporting wheels and the guide wheels are retracted, the vehicle sinks under the action of gravity, when the vehicle sinks, the centers of the 8-shaped coil and the vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet are not overlapped, a certain gap exists, the net magnetic flux of the 8-shaped coil is not zero due to the existence of the gap, and the 8-shaped coil generates an induction magnetic field to prevent the vehicle from sinking continuously. When the vertical electromagnetic force generated by the 8-shaped coil corresponding to the sinking amount and the vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet is enough to balance the gravity of the vehicle, the suspension of the vehicle is realized. When the EDS vehicle passes through the straight line section of the guide rail, the larger the net magnetic flux of the 8-shaped coil is, the larger the induction current is, the larger the electromagnetic force is, and the suspension guiding capability is stronger.
In order to balance centrifugal force when passing through the curve, the curve section of the guide rail of the traditional EDS traffic system is provided with the guide rail super-height similar to the curve of a wheel rail. The guide rail is of a reinforced concrete structure, the guide rail is ultrahigh in terms of engineering construction meeting the requirements of a moderation curve and a circular curve, the working procedure is complex, the construction difficulty is high, the construction cost is high, and the guide rail cannot be changed after the construction is completed.
The prior art discloses a turnout system consisting of a size asymmetric 8-shaped coil and a malformed 8-shaped coil. The disclosed 8-shaped coil with asymmetric size is not verified in correctness, and the influence of the degree of the asymmetric size of the 8-shaped coil with asymmetric size on electromagnetic force is not verified. Meanwhile, the concept of the malformed asymmetric coil is fuzzy, the feasibility of the malformed asymmetric coil is not verified, and meanwhile, the winding process of the malformed 8-shaped coil is complex. In the EDS system, 2 8-shaped coils are arranged on a 'field' -shaped mounting plate to form a 'field' -shaped module. The disclosed asymmetric 8-shaped coil changes the length and width of the u-loop and the d-loop, is not matched with the existing 'field' -shaped mounting plate, and needs to be customized again, so that the cost of line construction is increased; and do not address the curved rail structure issues of EDS traffic systems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns, and a guide rail structure and a guide rail system formed by the asymmetric 8-shaped coil.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides an asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns, which is arranged on a side wall beam of a guide rail structure of a superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system and comprises a first annular coil above a relative vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet and a second annular coil below the relative vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet; the first annular coil and the second annular coil are reversely connected in series, and the number of turns of the first annular coil is smaller than that of the second annular coil.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a linear segment guide rail structure of a superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system, which is provided with the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the turns, and comprises the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the turns arranged on one side wall beam of the linear segment guide rail and the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the turns arranged on the other side wall beam of the linear segment guide rail; the turns of the asymmetric 8-shaped coils on the two side wall beams of the straight-line guide rail are all provided with the same asymmetry coefficient.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a mild curve section guide rail structure of a superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system, which is applied to the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the turns, and comprises the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the turns arranged on the beam on the inner side wall of the mild curve section guide rail and the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the turns arranged on the beam on the outer side wall of the mild curve section guide rail; wherein all turns of the asymmetric 8-shaped coils on the beam on the inner side wall of the mild curve section guide rail have the same asymmetry coefficient, and all turns of the asymmetric 8-shaped coils on the beam on the outer side wall of the mild curve section guide rail have different asymmetry coefficients; the asymmetric coefficient of the turns asymmetric 8-shaped coil on the beam of the outer side wall of the moderating curve section guide rail is larger than that of the turns asymmetric 8-shaped coil at the opposite position on the beam of the inner side wall of the moderating curve section guide rail, and the difference value between the asymmetric coefficient of the turns asymmetric 8-shaped coil on the beam of the outer side wall of the moderating curve section guide rail and that of the turns asymmetric 8-shaped coil at the opposite position on the beam of the inner side wall of the moderating curve section guide rail is gradually increased along the direction of curvature increase.
In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a circular curve section guide rail structure of a superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system, which is applied with the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the turns, and comprises the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the turns arranged on the beam on the inner side wall of the circular curve section guide rail and the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the turns arranged on the beam on the outer side wall of the circular curve section guide rail; the asymmetric coefficient of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns on the beam at the inner side wall of the guide rail with the circular curve section is a constant value, the asymmetric coefficient of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns on the beam at the outer side wall of the guide rail with the circular curve section is a constant value, and the asymmetric coefficient of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns on the beam at the outer side wall of the guide rail with the circular curve section is larger than the asymmetric coefficient of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns on the beam at the inner side wall of the guide rail with the circular curve section.
In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system, which uses the linear section guide rail structure, the gentle curve section guide rail structure or the circular curve section guide rail structure.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the turns can generate electromagnetic force between the vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet before the vehicle floats and after the vehicle falls, so that the bearing of the auxiliary supporting wheel is lightened, and the vehicle floats and falls at a speed lower than the existing speed.
(2) Compared with the traditional linear guide rail structure, the linear guide rail structure adopting the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns has larger suspension height when the superconducting electromagnetic levitation vehicle runs on the linear guide rail adopting the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns at the same speed after floating and before falling, so that the risk of touching the vehicle is reduced.
(3) The mild curve section guide rail structure and the circular curve section guide rail structure adopting the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the turns can simulate the ultrahigh of the curve section guide rail by adjusting the asymmetric coefficient of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the turns in and out of the curve, and overcomes the defects of high construction difficulty and low linear precision of the traditional curve section guide rail.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a linear guide structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pair of cross-connected turns asymmetric 8-shaped coils and a pair of onboard superconducting magnets in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a pair of cross-connected turns asymmetric 8-shaped coils and a pair of on-board superconducting magnets in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the response of magnetic resistance corresponding to an asymmetric 8-shaped coil with different asymmetry coefficients according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the response of the guiding force corresponding to the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with different asymmetry coefficients according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the response of the levitation force corresponding to the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with different asymmetry coefficients according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a gentle curve segment guide rail structure and a circular curve segment guide rail structure in an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows: the device comprises a guide rail 1, a vehicle body 2, a vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet 3, a first annular coil 4, a second annular coil 5, a guide rail center loop 6, a guide rail left side wall beam 7, a guide rail right side wall beam 8, a guide rail left side turn asymmetric 8-shaped coil 9, a vehicle-mounted left superconducting magnet 10, a guide rail right side turn asymmetric 8-shaped coil 11, a vehicle-mounted right superconducting magnet 12, a cross cable 13, a guide rail center line 14-relieving curve section, a guide rail outer side wall beam 15-relieving curve section and a guide rail inner side wall beam 16-relieving curve section.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides an asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns, which is arranged on a side wall beam of a guide rail structure of a superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system and comprises a first annular coil above a relative vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet and a second annular coil below the relative vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet; the first annular coil and the second annular coil are reversely connected in series, and the number of turns of the first annular coil is smaller than that of the second annular coil.
Specifically, the superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system applied to the embodiment comprises a guide rail 1 and a vehicle body 2 running on the guide rail 1, wherein vehicle-mounted superconducting magnets 3 are respectively arranged on two sides of the vehicle body 2; in the embodiment, a first annular coil 4, namely a u-loop, is arranged on a guide rail wall beam above a relative vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet 3, and the number of turns is recorded asN u The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the A second annular coil 5 is arranged on the guide rail wall beam below the opposite vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet 3, namely a d-loop, and the number of turns is recorded asN d The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The coordinate system in fig. 1 indicates magnetic poles with the z-axis in the vertically downward direction and the y-axis in the horizontally rightward direction. Unlike the conventional symmetrical 8-shaped coil, the number of turns of the first annular coil 4 is not equal to the number of turns of the second annular coil 5 in this embodiment, and the relationship between the number of turns of the first annular coil 4 and the number of turns of the second annular coil 5 isN u ＜N d Thereby ensuring that the vertical component force of electromagnetic force generated by the turns asymmetric 8-shaped coil and the vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet 3 is opposite to the gravity direction to generate repulsive force, and realizing levitation and guidance of the superconducting electric magnetic levitation vehicle.
Particularly, because the suspension clearance and the net magnetic flux of the traditional symmetrical 8-shaped coil are zero before the suspension and after the vehicle falls off, the superconducting electromagnetic suspension vehicle can only be supported by the auxiliary wheel, so that the problem of insufficient suspension force and guiding force during low-speed running exists; the suspension gap of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns adopted in the embodiment is zero, but the net magnetic flux of the u-loop and the d-loop is not zero, induced current exists in the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns, electromagnetic force is generated between the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns and the vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet, the vertical component of the electromagnetic force shares part of the weight of the vehicle, the bearing of the auxiliary supporting wheel is lightened, and the floating and landing of the vehicle can be realized at a speed lower than the existing speed.
In order not to increase the cost additionally, the sum of the numbers of turns of the first loop coil 4 and the second loop coil 5 in this embodiment may be set equal to the sum of the numbers of turns of u-loop and d-loop of the conventional symmetrical 8-shaped coil.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment further provides a linear segment guide rail structure of a superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system capable of improving levitation guiding performance and reducing levitation and landing speed based on an asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns provided in embodiment 1, which comprises an asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns provided on one side wall beam of the linear segment guide rail and an asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns provided on the other side wall beam of the linear segment guide rail; the turns of the asymmetric 8-shaped coils on the two side wall beams of the straight-line guide rail are all provided with the same asymmetry coefficient.
Specifically, when the superconducting electric magnetic levitation vehicle runs on the straight-line section guide rail, the same levitation force and guiding force are required to be provided on the two sides of the guide rail to ensure the stable running of the vehicle, so that the straight-line section guide rail structure of the superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system uses asymmetric 8-shaped coils with the same number of turns on the left side wall beam 7 and the right side wall beam 8 of the straight-line section guide rail on the two sides of the center loop 6 of the straight-line section guide rail in the embodiment; in fig. 2, the coordinate system takes the vertical downward direction as the z axis, takes the horizontal rightward direction as the y axis, takes the direction of the center line of the guide rail as the x axis, andbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A represents the cross section direction of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns.
In order to describe the difference between the number of turns of the first loop coil 4 and the number of turns of the second loop coil 5 of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil, the present embodiment provides an asymmetric coefficient of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil to characterize the degree of asymmetry of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil, which is calculated by:
wherein ,kas a result of the asymmetry coefficient,N d the number of turns of the first annular coil 4 in the asymmetric 8-shaped coil,N u is the number of turns of the second annular coil 5 in the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the number of turns.
The circuit characteristics of a pair of cross-linked asymmetric 8-shaped coils and a pair of on-board superconducting magnets mounted on both sides of the linear section guide rail structure of the EDS transportation system in this embodiment are analyzed as follows.
As shown in fig. 3, the electromagnetic coupling relationship between a pair of cross-linked asymmetric 8-shaped coils with turns and a pair of on-board superconducting magnets can be equivalent to the circuit of fig. 4 according to the dynamic circuit theory, wherein the coordinate system in fig. 3 takes the vertical downward direction as the z-axis, takes the horizontal rightward direction as the y-axis, and takes the direction of the central line of the guide rail as the x-axis. The guide rail center line is defined as the right side of the guide rail along the positive y-axis direction and the left side of the guide rail along the negative y-axis direction. The asymmetric 8-shaped coil 11 with the turns on the right side of the guide rail is positioned on the right side of the vehicle-mounted right-side superconducting magnet 12, and the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 9 with the turns on the left side of the guide rail is positioned on the left side of the vehicle-mounted left-side superconducting magnet 10; the u-loop resistance of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 11 with turns on the right side of the guide rail isR ru The self-sense isL ru The d-loop has a resistance ofR rd The self-sense isL rd The induced voltage of the u-loop ise ru The induced voltage of the d-loop ise rd The loop current isi r The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The u-loop resistance of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 9 with turns on the left side of the guide rail isR lu The self-sense isL lu The d-loop has a resistance ofR ld The self-sense isL ld The induced voltage of the u-loop ise lu The induced voltage of the d-loop ise ld The loop current isi l . Turns on left and right sidesThe cross current of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil isi rl Superconducting magnet current on left and right sidesI s Turns of turnsN s . The mutual inductance coefficient between the u-loop of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 11 with the turns on the right side of the guide rail and the vehicle-mounted right-side superconducting magnet 12 can be obtained as follows:
wherein ,N ru the u-loop coil turns of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 11 with the turns on the right side of the guide rail,μ 0 is the magnetic permeability of the vacuum and is equal to the magnetic permeability of the vacuum,c s the curve of the superconducting magnet integrates the path,c ru the u-loop coil curve integrating path of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 11 with turns on the right side of the guide rail,dl s is a wire element of a superconducting magnet,dl ru the u-ring coil wire element of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 11 is arranged on the right side of the guide rail,r s,ru is the distance between the superconducting magnet wire element and the u-ring wire element of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 11 with turns on the right side of the guide rail.
The mutual inductance coefficient between the d-loop of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 11 with turns on the right side of the guide rail and the vehicle-mounted left-side superconducting magnet 10 is as follows:
wherein ,N rd the number of turns of the d-loop coil of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 11 on the right side of the guide rail,c rd the d-loop coil curve integrating path of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 11 with turns on the right side of the guide rail,dl rd the d-ring coil wire element of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 11 is arranged on the right side of the guide rail,r s,rd is the distance between the superconducting magnet line element and the d-ring line element of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 11 with turns on the right side of the guide rail.
The mutual inductance coefficient between the u-loop of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 9 with the turns on the left side of the guide rail and the vehicle-mounted left superconducting magnet 10 is as follows:
wherein ,N lu the u-loop coil turns of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 9 are the turns on the left side of the guide rail,c lu the u-loop coil curve integrating path of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 9 with turns on the left side of the guide rail,dl lu the u-ring coil wire element of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 9 is arranged on the left side of the guide rail,r s,lu is the distance between the superconducting magnet wire element and the u-ring wire element of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 9 with turns on the left side of the guide rail.
The mutual inductance coefficient between the d-loop of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 9 with the turns on the left side of the guide rail and the vehicle-mounted left superconducting magnet 10 is as follows:
wherein ,N ld the turns of the d-loop coil of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 9 on the left side of the guide rail,c ld the d-loop coil curve integrating path of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 9 with turns on the left side of the guide rail,dl ld the d-ring coil wire element of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 9 with turns on the left side of the guide rail,r s,ld is the distance between the superconducting magnet line element and the d-ring line element of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 9 with turns on the left side of the guide rail.
The u-loop induction voltage of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 11 with turns on the right side of the guide rail is as follows:
the d-loop induction voltage of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 11 with turns on the right side of the guide rail is as follows:
the u-loop induction voltage of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 9 with turns on the left side of the guide rail is as follows:
the d-loop induction voltage of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil 9 with turns on the left side of the guide rail is as follows:
thus, the electromagnetic coupling relation equivalent circuit of the pair of cross-linked turns asymmetric 8-shaped coils and the pair of vehicle-mounted superconducting magnets is as follows:
wherein ,Mud Mutual inductance for u-loop versus d-loop, M du Mutual inductance is generated for the d-loop versus the u-loop.
The current solving mode of the equivalent circuit adopts iteration solving, and the electromagnetic force adopts virtual work principle solving.
Taking the straight line segment guide rail of the embodiment as an example, the loop turns and the asymmetry coefficient of the selected asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the turns are as follows:
| parameters (parameters) | Type-1 | Type-2 | Type-3 | Type-4 | Type-5 | Type-6 | Type-7 | Type-8 |
| |
1 | 6 | 10 | 18 | 28 | 27 | 25 | 24 |
| Nd | 47 | 42 | 38 | 33 | 20 | 21 | 23 | 24 |
| |
46/48 | 36/48 | 28/48 | 15/48 | 8/48 | 6/48 | 2/48 | 0 |
The electromagnetic force calculation results of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with all the turns are shown in fig. 5 to 7. Fig. 5 shows the response of the detent force corresponding to different asymmetry coefficients k at an operating speed v of 500 km/h. The larger the value of k is, the overall magnetic resistance of the stable region tends to increase. Fig. 6 shows the response of the guiding forces for different asymmetry coefficients k at an operating speed v of 500 km/h. The larger the value of k is, the overall guiding force in the stable region tends to increase. Fig. 7 shows the response of the guiding forces for different asymmetry coefficients k at an operating speed v of 500 km/h. The larger the value of k is, the whole levitation force in the stable region tends to increase.
According to the analysis, under the same running speed and suspension clearance conditions, the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns adopted in the embodiment can generate larger suspension force and guiding force, and the electromagnetic force increasing effect is more obvious along with the increase of the asymmetry coefficient k. The magnitude of electromagnetic force generated by the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns and the vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet and arranged on the two side wall beams of the guide rail is in direct proportion to the running speed and the suspension clearance of the vehicle, so that under the same suspension clearance condition, the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns is adopted in the embodiment, and electromagnetic force for balancing the gravity of the vehicle can be generated at a lower running speed, thereby improving the suspension guiding performance and reducing the floating and landing speeds of the EDS vehicle.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 8, the present embodiment further provides a mild curve section guide rail structure of a super high-precision and adjustable superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system based on an asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns provided in embodiment 1, which comprises an asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns provided on an inner side wall beam of the mild curve section guide rail and an asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns provided on an outer side wall beam of the mild curve section guide rail; wherein all turns of the asymmetric 8-shaped coils on the beam on the inner side wall of the mild curve section guide rail have the same asymmetry coefficient, and all turns of the asymmetric 8-shaped coils on the beam on the outer side wall of the mild curve section guide rail have different asymmetry coefficients; the asymmetric coefficient of the turns asymmetric 8-shaped coil on the beam of the outer side wall of the moderating curve section guide rail is larger than that of the turns asymmetric 8-shaped coil at the opposite position on the beam of the inner side wall of the moderating curve section guide rail, and the difference value between the asymmetric coefficient of the turns asymmetric 8-shaped coil on the beam of the outer side wall of the moderating curve section guide rail and that of the turns asymmetric 8-shaped coil at the opposite position on the beam of the inner side wall of the moderating curve section guide rail is gradually increased along the direction of increasing curvature; in fig. 8, the coordinate system hasbase:Sub>A z-axis inbase:Sub>A vertically downward direction,base:Sub>A y-axis inbase:Sub>A horizontally rightward direction, and an x-axis inbase:Sub>A rail center line direction, andbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A and B-B represent cross-sectional directions of the turns asymmetric 8-shaped coil.
Specifically, when the superconducting electromagnetic levitation vehicle passes through the curve, due to the existence of centrifugal force, it is necessary to provide a rail for the super-high so as to balance the centrifugal force, thereby allowing the vehicle to pass through the relaxation curve smoothly. Because electromagnetic forces generated by the asymmetric 8-shaped coils with turns with different asymmetric coefficients k are different in size, in the superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system in the embodiment, the asymmetric 8-shaped coils with turns with different asymmetric coefficients k are adopted on the mild curve section guide rail outer side wall beam 15 and the mild curve section guide rail inner side wall beam 16 on two sides of the mild curve section guide rail central line 14, the asymmetric 8-shaped coils with turns with the same asymmetric coefficients are adopted on the mild curve section guide rail inner side wall beam 16, and the asymmetric 8-shaped coils with turns with different asymmetric coefficients are sampled on the mild curve section guide rail outer side wall beam 15; the asymmetry coefficient of the turns of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil on the moderating curve section guide rail outer side wall beam 15 is larger than the asymmetry coefficient of the turns of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil at the opposite position on the moderating curve section guide rail inner side wall beam 16, and the difference between the asymmetry coefficient of the turns of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil on the moderating curve section guide rail outer side wall beam 15 and the asymmetry coefficient of the turns of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil at the opposite position on the moderating curve section guide rail inner side wall beam 16 gradually increases along the direction of curvature increase. When the superconducting electric magnetic levitation vehicle passes through a curve, the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns on the beam 15 of the outer side wall of the guide rail of the moderating curve section provides larger levitation force and guiding force, the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns on the beam 16 of the inner side wall of the guide rail of the moderating curve section provides smaller levitation force and guiding force, and the difference of the asymmetry coefficient gradually increases along the increasing direction of the curvature, so that the guide rail superelevation of the moderating curve section gradually increases according to a certain linear rule is simulated, and the vehicle passes through the curve section of the guide rail smoothly.
The superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system provided by the embodiment eases the curve section guide rail structure, special construction is not needed for the civil structure of the guide rail, and the whole line virtual guide rail superelevation can be provided only by changing the asymmetry coefficient of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns at the inner side and the outer side of the curve section. The asymmetric coefficient of the outer side of the curve is larger than that of the inner side of the curve, and when the superconducting electric magnetic levitation vehicle passes through the curve, the levitation height generated on the outer side of the curve is higher than that generated on the inner side of the curve so as to balance centrifugal force and ensure that the vehicle passes through the curve smoothly. Compared with the line curve section of the traditional superconducting electric magnetic levitation traffic system, the virtual super-high size is set by adjusting the asymmetric coefficient k of the inner side and the outer side of the curve without changing the basic structure, so that the line selection difficulty is reduced, the construction cost is reduced, and the curve passing capacity is improved.
Example 4
The embodiment further provides a circular curve section guide rail structure of the superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system on the basis of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the turns provided in the embodiment 1, wherein the circular curve section guide rail structure comprises the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the turns arranged on the beam on the inner side wall of the circular curve section guide rail and the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the turns arranged on the beam on the outer side wall of the circular curve section guide rail; the asymmetric coefficient of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns on the beam at the inner side wall of the guide rail with the circular curve section is a constant value, the asymmetric coefficient of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns on the beam at the outer side wall of the guide rail with the circular curve section is a constant value, and the asymmetric coefficient of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns on the beam at the outer side wall of the guide rail with the circular curve section is larger than the asymmetric coefficient of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns on the beam at the inner side wall of the guide rail with the circular curve section.
Specifically, similarly to embodiment 3, when the superconducting electromagnetic levitation vehicle passes through a curve, it is necessary to provide a rail height to balance the centrifugal force due to the existence of the centrifugal force, so that the vehicle passes through a circular curve smoothly. Because electromagnetic forces generated by the asymmetric 8-shaped coils with different asymmetric coefficients k are different in magnitude, the superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system in the embodiment adopts the asymmetric 8-shaped coils with different asymmetric coefficients k on the inner side and the outer side of the circular curve section guide rail structure, the asymmetric coefficients of all the asymmetric 8-shaped coils with different turns on the inner side wall beam of the circular curve section guide rail are constant values, the asymmetric coefficients of all the asymmetric 8-shaped coils with turns on the outer side wall beam of the circular curve section guide rail are constant values, and the asymmetric coefficients of the asymmetric 8-shaped coils with turns on the outer side wall beam of the circular curve section guide rail are larger than the asymmetric coefficients of the asymmetric 8-shaped coils with turns on the inner side wall beam of the circular curve section guide rail. Since the curvature of the circular curve is constant, the difference between the asymmetry coefficients of the outer side and the inner side of the guide rail of the circular curve section is constant. The difference between the outside asymmetry coefficient and the inside asymmetry coefficient of the guide rail with the circular curve segment is constant, so that the guide rail with the constant circular curve segment is simulated to be ultrahigh.
Example 5
The present embodiment further provides a superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system based on the straight line segment guide rail structure, the gentle curve segment guide rail structure, or the circular curve segment guide rail structure provided in embodiments 2 to 4, to which the straight line segment guide rail structure, the gentle curve segment guide rail structure, or the circular curve segment guide rail structure of the above embodiments are applied.
The superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system provided by the embodiment has the beneficial effects of the embodiment.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention in view of the above.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein are for the purpose of aiding the reader in understanding the principles of the present invention and should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations from the teachings of the present disclosure without departing from the spirit thereof, and such modifications and combinations remain within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (5)
1. The asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns is arranged on a side wall beam of a guide rail structure of a superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system and is characterized by comprising a first annular coil above a relative vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet and a second annular coil below the relative vehicle-mounted superconducting magnet; the first annular coil and the second annular coil are reversely connected in series, and the number of turns of the first annular coil is smaller than that of the second annular coil; the calculation mode of the asymmetry coefficient of the first annular coil and the second annular coil is as follows:
wherein ,kas a result of the asymmetry coefficient,N d the number of turns of the second annular coil in the asymmetric 8-shaped coil,N u is the number of turns of the first annular coil in the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the number of turns.
2. The linear segment guide rail structure of the superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system is provided with the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns, which is characterized by comprising the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns arranged on one side wall beam of the linear segment guide rail and the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns arranged on the other side wall beam of the linear segment guide rail; the turns of the asymmetric 8-shaped coils on the two side wall beams of the straight-line guide rail are all provided with the same asymmetry coefficient; the calculation mode of the asymmetry coefficient is as follows:
wherein ,kas a result of the asymmetry coefficient,N d the number of turns of the second annular coil in the asymmetric 8-shaped coil,N u is the number of turns of the first annular coil in the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the number of turns.
3. A moderating curve section guide rail structure of a superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system, which is provided with the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns as set forth in claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns arranged on the beam on the inner side wall of the moderating curve section guide rail and the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns arranged on the beam on the outer side wall of the moderating curve section guide rail; wherein all turns of the asymmetric 8-shaped coils on the beam on the inner side wall of the mild curve section guide rail have the same asymmetry coefficient, and all turns of the asymmetric 8-shaped coils on the beam on the outer side wall of the mild curve section guide rail have different asymmetry coefficients; the asymmetric coefficient of the turns asymmetric 8-shaped coil on the beam of the outer side wall of the moderating curve section guide rail is larger than that of the turns asymmetric 8-shaped coil at the opposite position on the beam of the inner side wall of the moderating curve section guide rail, and the difference value between the asymmetric coefficient of the turns asymmetric 8-shaped coil on the beam of the outer side wall of the moderating curve section guide rail and that of the turns asymmetric 8-shaped coil at the opposite position on the beam of the inner side wall of the moderating curve section guide rail is gradually increased along the direction of increasing curvature; the calculation mode of the asymmetry coefficient is as follows:
wherein ,kas a result of the asymmetry coefficient,N d the number of turns of the second annular coil in the asymmetric 8-shaped coil,N u is the number of turns of the first annular coil in the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the number of turns.
4. A circular curve section guide rail structure of a superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system, which is provided with the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns as set forth in claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns arranged on the beam on the inner side wall of the circular curve section guide rail and the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns arranged on the beam on the outer side wall of the circular curve section guide rail; the asymmetric coefficient of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns on the beam at the inner side wall of the guide rail with the circular curve section is a constant value, the asymmetric coefficient of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns on the beam at the outer side wall of the guide rail with the circular curve section is a constant value, and the asymmetric coefficient of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns on the beam at the outer side wall of the guide rail with the circular curve section is larger than the asymmetric coefficient of the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with turns on the beam at the inner side wall of the guide rail with the circular curve section; the calculation mode of the asymmetry coefficient is as follows:
wherein ,kis asymmetricThe coefficient of the,N d the number of turns of the second annular coil in the asymmetric 8-shaped coil,N u is the number of turns of the first annular coil in the asymmetric 8-shaped coil with the number of turns.
5. A superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system, characterized in that the linear section guide rail structure of the superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system, the mild curve section guide rail structure of the superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system, or the round curve section guide rail structure of the superconducting electric magnetic levitation transportation system, as defined in claim 3, is applied.
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| US5275112A (en) * | 1992-09-28 | 1994-01-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Integrated null-flux suspension and multiphase propulsion system for magnetically-levitated vehicles |
| JP2003158013A (en) * | 2001-11-19 | 2003-05-30 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Ground coil device for maglev railway |
| JP4315965B2 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2009-08-19 | 東海旅客鉄道株式会社 | Magnetic levitation moving device |
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