CN115825543A - A rotary vane type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument and measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotating blade type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument, which comprises a measuring terminal, a receiving circuit, an amplifying circuit and a collecting terminal which are sequentially connected; the measuring terminal comprises a circular stationary blade A, a rotating blade B, an induction Plate D, the receiving circuit includes capacitor C1 and resistor R1; the amplifying circuit is a partial voltage bias common emitter amplifier circuit; including capacitor C2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, resistor R6, transistor Q1, DC power supply V1; the acquisition end also includes a single-chip microcomputer, a display screen and a power supply module. And a non-contact DC voltage measurement method, which converts the constant electric field into a periodically changing electric field by rotating the blades, realizes the non-contact measurement of DC voltage, achieves simplified instrument use and does not completely rely on grounding purpose of the reference point.

Description

A rotary vane type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument and measuring method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of substation voltage detection, in particular to a rotating blade type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument and a measuring method.

Background technique

The secondary system circuit in the substation is mainly composed of the circuit breaker opening and closing operation circuit and the relay signal circuit in the site, etc. The energy required for transmission is supplied by 220V DC. Once a fault occurs in the secondary system circuit and is not resolved for a long time, it may cause the equipment in the station to lose monitoring, send signals by mistake, and even cause the circuit breaker to refuse to operate or operate by mistake, resulting in the expansion of the scope of the accident, thereby threatening the safety of the power system. Safe and stable operation. At present, the only tool for finding circuit faults in the secondary system of substations is the multimeter, which is complicated to use, especially when the potential reference point cannot be found or is inaccurate, which leads to misjudgment by the maintenance personnel and makes it difficult to locate the fault point of the circuit in a short time , which increases the risk of substation equipment and grid operation. However, improving the use of secondary system loop fault finding instruments in substations is complex and prone to misjudgments, which is of great significance for improving the speed and accuracy of loop fault location and ensuring the safe and stable operation of substation equipment and power grids.

In view of this, this application is proposed.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotating blade type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument and a measuring method. By means of rotating blades, a constant electric field is converted into a periodically changing electric field, and the non-contact measurement of DC voltage is realized. In order to simplify the means of using the instrument and not completely rely on the purpose of the ground reference point.

The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:

A rotating vane non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument comprising:

The measuring terminal, receiving circuit, amplifying circuit and collecting terminal connected in sequence;

The measuring end includes a circular stationary blade A, a rotating blade B, and an induction plate D connected in sequence, and each of them has a through hole for mutual connection at its geometric center;

The receiving circuit includes a capacitor C1 and a resistor R1;

The amplifying circuit is a voltage-dividing bias common-emitter amplifying circuit; it includes capacitor C2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, resistor R6, transistor Q1, and DC power supply V1;

The acquisition terminal also includes a single-chip microcomputer, a display screen and a power supply module.

As an optional manner of this embodiment, the measuring end further includes a motor and a motor power supply module.

As an optional method of this embodiment, the induction plate D is connected to pin 1 of capacitor C1, pin 1 of capacitor C1 is connected to pin 1 of resistor R1 and pin 2 of capacitor C2, pin 2 of capacitor C2 is connected to pin 2 of resistor R3 Pin 1, pin 2 of resistor R2, pin 2 of transistor Q1, pin 1 of resistor R2 connects pin 1 of resistor R4 and pin 1 of DC power supply V1, pin 2 of resistor R4 connects pin 1 of transistor Q1 and pin 1 of capacitor C3 Pin 3 of transistor Q1 is connected to pin 1 of resistor R5 and pin 1 of capacitor C4, pin 2 of capacitor C3 is connected to pin 1 of resistor R6 and the positive input of the microcontroller, and pin 2 of resistor R6 is connected to the negative input of the microcontroller.

As an optional form of this embodiment, the circular stationary blade A, the motor and the shielding shell of the motor power supply module, the 2 pins of the capacitor C1, the 2 pins of the resistor R1, the 2 pins of the resistor R3, the 2 pins of the resistor R5, Pin 2 of the capacitor C4, the negative input terminal of the microcontroller, and pin 2 of the DC power supply V1 are all grounded.

As an optional form of this embodiment, the circular stationary blade A, the rotating blade B, and the induction plate D are copper sheets.

As an optional manner of this embodiment, the capacitors C1 , C2 , C3 , and C4 are monolithic capacitors with capacities of 10 μF, 10 μF, 10 μF, and 100 μF, respectively.

As an optional mode of this embodiment, the triode Q1 is an NPN transistor with a model of 2N222A; the model of the single-chip microcomputer chip is STC89C52.

As an optional mode of this embodiment, the DC power supply V1 is an NED one-way group output switching power supply, and the power supply module is an NED two-way group output switching power supply.

As an optional form of this embodiment, the resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 are color ring resistors with resistance values of 5kΩ, 50kΩ, 5kΩ, 2.9kΩ, 100kΩ, and 5kΩ, respectively.

On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-contact DC voltage measurement method, including the above-mentioned rotary blade type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument, and further includes the steps of:

Connect the circular stationary blade A, the rotating blade B, and the induction plate D through their corresponding through holes, and connect them to the motor to form a series connection;

After starting the motor to make the measuring end start to rotate, bring the measuring end close to the area to be measured, and obtain the periodically changing electric field information through the induction plate D;

Input the obtained information into the voltage-dividing bias common-emitter amplifier circuit, which is used to amplify the voltage to be measured, and transmit the amplified data to the acquisition terminal; Describe the output of the collection terminal.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

The rotary vane type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument provided by the present invention has the functions of simplifying the means of using the instrument and not completely relying on the grounding reference point, and can solve the problem of complicated means of using the instrument for finding the faults of the secondary system loop of the substation, which is prone to misjudgment It is of great significance to improve the speed and accuracy of loop fault location and ensure the safe and stable operation of substation equipment and power grid.

Description of drawings

The drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of the application, and do not limit the embodiments of the present invention. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a substation rotating blade type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a circular stationary blade provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating blade provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an induction plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples and accompanying drawings. As a limitation of the present invention.

Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that like numerals and letters denote similar items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further definition and explanation in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that is usually placed when the product of the invention is used, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying References to devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed, and operate in a particular orientation and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

Example

The secondary system circuit in the substation is mainly composed of the circuit breaker opening and closing operation circuit and the relay signal circuit in the site, etc. The energy required for transmission is supplied by 220V DC. Once a fault occurs in the secondary system circuit and is not resolved for a long time, it may cause the equipment in the station to lose monitoring, send signals by mistake, and even cause the circuit breaker to refuse to operate or operate by mistake, resulting in the expansion of the scope of the accident, thereby threatening the safety of the power system. Safe and stable operation. At present, the only tool for finding circuit faults in the secondary system of substations is the multimeter, which is complicated to use, especially when the potential reference point cannot be found or is inaccurate, which leads to misjudgment by the maintenance personnel and makes it difficult to locate the fault point of the circuit in a short time , which increases the risk of substation equipment and grid operation. However, improving the use of secondary system loop fault finding instruments in substations is complex and prone to misjudgments, which is of great significance for improving the speed and accuracy of loop fault location and ensuring the safe and stable operation of substation equipment and power grids.

The rotary vane type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument provided in this embodiment has the functions of simplifying the means of using the instrument and not completely relying on the grounding reference point, and can solve the problem of complex means of using the instrument for fault finding in the secondary system circuit of the substation, which is prone to errors. It is of great significance to improve the speed and accuracy of circuit fault location and ensure the safe and stable operation of substation equipment and power grid.

Implemented in this embodiment, please refer to Fig. 1-Fig. 4, this embodiment provides a rotating blade type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument, including: sequentially connected measuring terminal, receiving circuit, amplifying circuit and collecting terminal; The measuring terminal includes a circular stationary blade A, a rotating blade B, and an induction plate D connected in sequence, and the receiving circuit includes a capacitor C1 and a resistor R1; the amplifying circuit is a voltage-dividing biased common-emitter amplifier circuit; it includes capacitors C2 and C3 , capacitor C4, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, resistor R6, transistor Q1, DC power supply V1; the acquisition end includes a single-chip microcomputer, a display screen and a power supply module. The measurement terminal also includes the motor and the motor power supply module.

This embodiment is implemented in the following way: after the motor power supply module supplies power to the motor to drive the rotating blade B to rotate, a periodically changing electric field will be induced on the induction plate D, and a periodically changing current will appear, and the two ends of the capacitor C1 and the resistor R1 will be Generate a cycle-changing voltage, which is amplified by the partial voltage bias common emitter composed of resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, resistor R6, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, transistor Q1, and DC power supply V1 The circuit amplifies the voltage and outputs it to the acquisition terminal of the microcontroller. The voltage of the charged body under test is obtained by calculating a certain coefficient in the single-chip microcomputer.

Therefore, the measuring instrument converts the constant electric field into a periodically changing electric field by rotating the blade, realizes the non-contact measurement of DC voltage, and achieves the purpose of simplifying the use of the instrument and not completely relying on the ground reference point. In this implementation, the induction plate D is connected to pin 1 of capacitor C1, pin 1 of capacitor C1 is connected to pin 1 of resistor R1 and pin 2 of capacitor C2, pin 2 of capacitor C2 is connected to pin 1 of resistor R3, resistor R2 Pin 2 of transistor Q1, pin 2 of transistor Q1, pin 1 of resistor R2 connects pin 1 of resistor R4 and pin 1 of DC power supply V1, pin 2 of resistor R4 connects pin 1 of transistor Q1 and pin 1 of capacitor C3, pin 1 of transistor Q1 Pin 3 is connected to pin 1 of resistor R5 and pin 1 of capacitor C4, pin 2 of capacitor C3 is connected to pin 1 of resistor R6 and the positive input of the microcontroller, and pin 2 of resistor R6 is connected to the negative input of the microcontroller. Among them, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, and resistor R6 are color ring resistors, and their resistance values are 5kΩ, 50kΩ, 5kΩ, 2.9kΩ, 100kΩ, and 5kΩ, respectively.

As an optional method for this implementation, the circular stationary blade A, the shielding shell of the motor and the motor power supply module, the 2 pins of the capacitor C1, the 2 pins of the resistor R1, the 2 pins of the resistor R3, the 2 pins of the resistor R5, the capacitor Pin 2 of C4, the negative input terminal of the microcontroller, and pin 2 of the DC power supply V1 are all grounded. The transistor Q1 is an NPN transistor, the model is 2N222A; the model of the single-chip microcomputer chip is STC89C52.

As an optional mode of this implementation, please refer to FIGS. 2-4 again, the circular stationary blade A, the rotating blade B, and the induction plate D are copper sheets. In addition, capacitor C1 , capacitor C2 , capacitor C3 , and capacitor C4 are monolithic capacitors, and their capacities can be 10 μF, 10 μF, 10 μF, and 100 μF, respectively. Implemented in this embodiment, the display screen is selected as LCD1602 liquid crystal screen. And the DC power supply V1 is a switching power supply with NED one-way group output (12V3A), and the power supply module is a NED two-way group output (5V5A.+15V2A) switching power supply.

In this embodiment, the circular stationary blade A, rotating blade B, induction plate D, capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, resistor R6, transistor Q1, DC power supply V1, single-chip microcomputer, display screen, motor, motor power supply module, and power supply module are connected in sequence to form a measuring instrument. Specifically, the single-chip microcomputer can be selected as ATmega128. ATmega128 is a microcontroller with the highest configuration among the 8-bit series microcontrollers developed by ATMEL, which has the characteristics of high stability and low power consumption. ATmega128 adopts RISC structure and has a rich instruction set. Most instructions can be completed within one cycle. ATmega128 has 128K bytes of in-system programmable Flash with 10,000 write/erase cycles, which can realize reading, modifying, and writing operate. On-chip has 4KB EEPROM, 4KBSRAM, 4 flexible timers/counters with compare mode, 10-bit ADC with 8-channel single-ended or differential input, can be programmed in-system through ISP, and has 6 selectable power-saving modes , has a compatible JTAG interface. In specific use, the motor power supply module supplies power to the motor to drive the rotating blade B to rotate. When the measuring end in this embodiment is close to the DC voltage measured charged body in the substation for a certain distance, a periodically changing electric field is induced on the induction plate D, and there will be A periodically changing current, the two ends of capacitor C1 and resistor R1 will generate a periodically changing voltage, through the resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, resistor R6, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, transistor Q1, The voltage-dividing biased common-emitter amplifier circuit composed of DC power supply V1 amplifies the voltage and outputs it to the acquisition terminal of the single-chip microcomputer. After calculation in the single-chip microcomputer, the voltage of the charged object under test is obtained; since the current of the DC voltage circuit in the substation is usually almost zero, Only a constant electric field is generated, which is difficult to measure by ordinary methods. This embodiment converts the electric field of the induction plate into a variable electric field by means of rotating blades. By measuring the magnitude of the electric field, the DC voltage is completed without direct contact. The measurement achieves the purpose of simplifying the means of using the instrument and not completely relying on the ground reference point.

Based on the above, the rotating vane type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument and measuring method provided in this embodiment have the functions of simplifying the means of using the instrument and not completely relying on the grounding reference point, and can solve the problem of using the secondary system loop fault finding instrument in the substation. The method is complex and prone to misjudgment, which is of great significance for improving the speed and accuracy of loop fault location and ensuring the safe and stable operation of substation equipment and power grids.

Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented through computer programs to instruct related hardware, and the computer programs can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable memory In the medium, when the computer program is executed, it may include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Wherein, any references to memory, storage, database or other media used in the various embodiments provided in the present application may include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be It is considered to be within the range described in this specification.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent one or more implementations of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent for the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent application should be based on the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A rotary vane type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument, characterized in that it comprises: The measuring terminal, receiving circuit, amplifying circuit and collecting terminal connected in sequence; The measuring end includes a circular stationary vane A, a rotating vane B, and an induction plate D connected in sequence, each of which has a through hole for mutual connection at its geometric center; The receiving circuit includes a capacitor C1 and a resistor R1; The amplifying circuit is a voltage-dividing bias common-emitter amplifying circuit; it includes a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a triode Q1, and a DC power supply V1; The collection terminal also includes a single-chip microcomputer, a display screen and a power supply module. 2 . The rotating vane type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument according to claim 1 , wherein the measuring terminal further includes a motor and a motor power supply module. 3 . 3. A rotating vane type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that the induction plate D is connected to pin 1 of capacitor C1, and pin 1 of capacitor C1 is connected to pin 1 of resistor R1 and Pin 2 of capacitor C2, pin 2 of capacitor C2 connects pin 1 of resistor R3, pin 2 of resistor R2, pin 2 of transistor Q1, pin 1 of resistor R2 connects pin 1 of resistor R4 and pin 1 of DC power supply V1, resistor Pin 2 of R4 is connected to pin 1 of transistor Q1 and pin 1 of capacitor C3, pin 3 of transistor Q1 is connected to pin 1 of resistor R5 and pin 1 of capacitor C4, pin 2 of capacitor C3 is connected to pin 1 of resistor R6 and the microcontroller The positive input terminal of the resistor R6 is connected to the negative input terminal of the microcontroller. 4. A rotating vane type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that the circular stationary vane A, the shielding shell of the motor and the motor power supply module, and the 2 pins of the capacitor C1 , pin 2 of the resistor R1, pin 2 of the resistor R3, pin 2 of the resistor R5, pin 2 of the capacitor C4, the negative input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer, and pin 2 of the DC power supply V1 are all grounded. 5. A rotating vane type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the circular stationary vane A, the rotating vane B, and the induction plate D are copper sheets. 6. A rotating vane type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, and capacitor C4 are monolithic capacitors with capacities of 10 μF, 10 μF, and 10 μF respectively , 100μF. 7. A rotating vane type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the triode Q1 is an NPN triode with a model of 2N222A; the model of the single-chip microcomputer chip is STC89C52. 8 . The rotary vane type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument according to claim 1 , wherein the DC power supply V1 is an NED one-way group output switching power supply, and the power supply module is an NED two-way group output switching power supply. 9. A rotating vane type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, resistor R6 are color ring resistors, and the resistance value They are 5kΩ, 50kΩ, 5kΩ, 2.9kΩ, 100kΩ, 5kΩ respectively. 10. A non-contact DC voltage measurement method, comprising a rotating vane type non-contact DC voltage measuring instrument according to claims 1-9, further comprising the steps of: Respectively connect the circular stationary blade A, the rotating blade B, and the induction plate D through their corresponding through holes, and connect them with the motor to form a series connection; After starting the motor so that the measuring end starts to rotate, the measuring end is brought close to the area to be measured, and the periodically changing electric field information is obtained through the induction plate D; Input the obtained information into the voltage-dividing bias common-emitter amplifier circuit, the voltage-divider bias common-emitter amplifier circuit is used to amplify the voltage to be measured, and transmit the amplified data to the acquisition terminal; and output the result by the collection terminal.

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