CN115815892A - Excavator U type roof beam welding frock - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an excavator U-shaped beam welding tool which comprises a base, wherein a bottom pressing mechanism is arranged along the length direction of the base and is used for supporting and pressing a bottom transverse plate of a U-shaped beam, lateral pressing mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the bottom pressing mechanism along the length direction of the base and are used for pressing a main beam of the U-shaped beam from opposite sides, and end pressing mechanisms are arranged at two ends of the top of the base along the length direction of the base and are used for pressing the main beam of the U-shaped beam from two opposite ends.

Description

An excavator U-beam welding tool

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of excavator U-beam production, in particular to an excavator U-beam welding tool.

Background technique

An excavator is an important construction machine, and the U-beam is an important part of the excavator. It carries all the weight of the excavator and is responsible for the walking of the excavator. In view of the large mass of the U-beam, its components As shown in FIG. 2 , including the bottom horizontal plate 60 , the main beam 70 and the support plate 80 , due to the large differences in the installation directions and sizes of the components that make up the U-shaped beam, it is difficult to assemble the U-shaped beam when welding. At present, in the U-beam production process of excavators, the U-beam teaming is mainly to manually hoist various parts to the team tooling in a certain order by driving, and then perform manual positioning and clamping before welding, which is affected by the movement accuracy of the vehicle. , the influence of the weight of the workpiece itself and the difficulty of manual positioning, the existing technical solutions have the problems of difficult manual positioning, heavy manual loading workload, high labor intensity, low production efficiency, and poor consistency of subsequent welding.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a method that can facilitate the assembly and welding of the parts of the U-shaped beam of the excavator, takes a short time to form a team, can be intervened by no one in the whole process, reduces labor costs, realizes fully automated production, and ensures the welding consistency of U-shaped beam products. Welding equipment.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An excavator U-beam welding tool, including a base, and also includes:

a bottom pressing mechanism, the bottom pressing mechanism is arranged along the length direction of the base, and is used to support and press the bottom horizontal plate of the U-shaped beam;

a lateral pressing mechanism, which is arranged on both sides of the bottom pressing mechanism along the length direction of the base, and is used for pressing the main girder of the U-shaped beam from the opposite side; and

The end pressing mechanism is arranged at both ends of the top of the base along the length direction of the base, and is used for pressing the main girder of the U-shaped beam from the horizontal and vertical directions along the two ends of the main girder.

Preferably, the bottom pressing mechanism includes a support pressing assembly and a centering pressing assembly, and the support pressing assembly includes a support seat arranged on the top of the base, two pads arranged at intervals on the top of the support seat, The supporting block on the top of the pad and the pressing block assembly that can be rotated to cooperate with the supporting block to support and compress the workpiece under the drive of the power assembly; A fixing seat arranged on the top of the mounting seat and a clamping block capable of being displaced along the length direction of the fixing seat to contact the workpiece.

Preferably, the lateral pressing mechanism includes lateral pressing frames that are arranged on both sides of the bottom pressing mechanism along the length direction of the base, pressing rollers that are rotatably arranged on the lateral pressing frames, and used to drive the lateral Lead screw assembly one that the compression frame displaces along the width of the base.

Preferably, the lead screw assembly includes a lead screw arranged along the width direction of the base and a lead screw nut capable of axial displacement along the lead screw one, and the lateral compression frame is arranged on the lead screw nut one.

Preferably, the end pressing mechanism includes a fixed part fixed at one end of the top of the base and a moving part arranged at the other end of the top of the base and capable of moving relative to the fixed part along the length direction of the base.

Preferably, the fixed part and the moving part both include a fixed support, an end pressing block arranged on the side of the fixed support close to the bottom pressing mechanism, a rotating support set on the top of the fixed support, a rotating support set on the rotating The vertical compression block on the support is used to vertically compress the main girder of the U-shaped beam.

Preferably, an inclined hydraulic cylinder is further provided at the bottom of the fixed support, and the output end of the inclined hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the rotating support.

Preferably, there are two end pressing blocks arranged on the side wall of the fixed support, and the end pressing blocks are provided with a pressing groove that cooperates with the main girder of the U-shaped beam to position the main girder.

Preferably, a vertical compression cylinder is provided on the rotating support, and the vertical compression block is arranged at the output end of the vertical compression cylinder, and the vertical compression block is matched with the top of the U-shaped beam main girder arc blocks.

Preferably, the top of the base is also provided with an oil cylinder guide rail assembly, the oil cylinder guide rail assembly includes guide rails distributed along the length direction of the base, guide blocks capable of displacement along the length direction of the guide rails, and an oil cylinder for driving the displacement of the fixed support. The fixed support of the moving part is arranged on the guide block.

As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. In the present invention, the bottom horizontal plate is placed on the bottom pressing mechanism by an external handling device, such as a handling robot, positioned and pressed by the bottom pressing mechanism, and then the support plate is respectively placed in a predetermined position by the gripper And complete the welding, then the robot puts the main beam, the bottom horizontal plate and the support plate in place, and then uses the side pressing mechanism and the end pressing mechanism to respectively fix the two sides of the main beam and the horizontal and vertical sides of the two ends of the main beam. Positioning and pressing are carried out in two directions. So far, the U-shaped beams are teamed up, which can facilitate the welding of the main beam. The present invention uses the bottom pressing mechanism, the side pressing mechanism and the end pressing mechanism to excavate from multiple directions The positioning and pressing of the U-shaped beam of the excavator can realize the team welding of U-shaped beam products of different types of excavators, and the automatic loading and unloading and automatic welding of robots can be used to facilitate the assembly and welding of various parts of the U-shaped beam. The time-consuming is short, the subsequent welding precision is high, no one can intervene in the whole process, reduce labor costs, realize fully automated production, improve production efficiency, and ensure the welding consistency of U-shaped beam products.

2. In the present invention, the bottom pressing mechanism, the side pressing mechanism and the end pressing mechanism can realize the automatic positioning and clamping of the components of the U-shaped beam. There is a certain gap, so it can realize the teaming of various parts of U-shaped beam products of different types of excavators, and improve the product adaptability of the tooling.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of excavator U-beam;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the end pressing mechanism and the oil cylinder guide rail assembly;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of part A in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a support pressing assembly;

Figure 6 is a front view of the support compression assembly;

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the centering pressing assembly;

Figure 8 is a front view of the centering pressing assembly;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the lateral pressing mechanism.

Among the figure: 10, base; 210, support compression assembly; 211, support base; 212, pad; 213, support block; 214, power block; 215, power rod; 216, connecting rod; 217, pressing block; 220 , centering pressing assembly; 221, mounting seat; 222, fixing seat; 223, clamping block; 224, driving rod; 225, rolling bearing; 30, lateral pressing mechanism; 310, lateral pressing frame; 320, Compression roller; 331, leading screw one; 332, leading screw nut one; 40, end pressing mechanism; 410, fixed support; 420, end pressing block; 421, pressing groove; 430, rotating support ; 440, a vertical compression block; 450, an inclined hydraulic cylinder; 460, a vertical compression cylinder; 60, a bottom horizontal plate; 70, a main beam; 80, a support plate.

Detailed ways

A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be noted that the U-shaped beam of the excavator is mainly composed of a bottom horizontal plate 60 , a main beam 70 and a supporting plate 80 , see FIG. 2 for details.

Referring to Fig. 1, a U-beam welding tool for an excavator includes a base 10, a bottom pressing mechanism, a side pressing mechanism 30 and an end pressing mechanism 40, and the bottom pressing mechanism is arranged along the length direction of the base 10, The bottom horizontal plate 60 for supporting and pressing the U-shaped beam, the lateral pressing mechanism is arranged on both sides of the bottom pressing mechanism along the length direction of the base 10, and is used for pressing the main beam 70 of the U-shaped beam from the opposite side , the end pressing mechanism is arranged on both ends of the top of the base 10 along the length direction of the base 10, and is used to compress the main beam 70 of the U-shaped beam from the horizontal and vertical directions along the two ends of the main beam. At this time, the bottom horizontal plate 60 is placed on the bottom pressing mechanism through an external handling device, such as a handling robot, and the positioning and pressing are performed by the bottom pressing mechanism, and then the support plate 80 is respectively placed in a predetermined position by the gripper and completed. Welding, then the robot places the main beam 70 at the designated position and positions the two sides of the main beam 70 and the two ends of the main beam in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively through the lateral pressing mechanism 30 and the end pressing mechanism 40 Compressing, so far the completion of the U-shaped beam teaming can facilitate the welding of the main beam 70. The present invention utilizes the bottom pressing mechanism, the side pressing mechanism and the end pressing mechanism to U-shaped the excavator from multiple directions respectively. The beam is positioned and pressed, which can realize the team welding of U-shaped beam products of different types of excavators. It can automatically load and unload and weld automatically through robots, which can facilitate the assembly and welding of various parts of the U-shaped beam, and the team takes a short time. , the follow-up welding has high precision, no one can intervene in the whole process, reduce labor costs, realize fully automated production, improve production efficiency, and ensure the welding consistency of U-shaped beam products.

Referring to Figures 5 and 6, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the bottom pressing mechanism includes a support pressing assembly 210 and a centering pressing assembly 220, and the support pressing assembly includes a support set on the top of the base 10 Seat 211, spacer 212, support block 213 and briquetting block assembly, spacer 212 is two that are arranged on the top of support seat 211 at relative intervals, and support block 213 is also two, and is arranged on the top of spacer 212, and the support The block 213 is used to support the bottom plate of the U-shaped beam to be welded. The pressing block assembly can be rotated to cooperate with the support block 213 to support and compress the workpiece under the drive of the power assembly. Specifically, the power assembly is arranged on the support seat 211 The oil cylinder on the cylinder, the output end of the oil cylinder can move vertically, the pressing block assembly includes a power block 214, a power rod 215, a connecting rod 216 and a pressing block 217, the power block 214 is arranged at the output end of the oil cylinder, and the power rod 215 is hinged on the power block 214 end, one end of the connecting rod 216 is hinged on the top of the pad 212, the other end is hinged to the middle of the power rod 215, and the pressure block 217 is rotated and set at the end of the power rod 215 away from the power block 214, so that under the drive of the oil cylinder , can drive the vertical displacement of the power block 214, the power block 214 then drives the power rod 215 to rotate along the connecting rod 216, and the power rod 215 further drives the pressing block 217 to rotate close to or separated from the support block 213, when the U-shaped beam is to be welded to the bottom plate After being placed on the supporting block 213, and after the pressing block 217 is rotated to cooperate with the supporting block 213 to clamp the bottom plate, the support and compression of the bottom plate are realized to facilitate the subsequent welding operation.

Referring to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the centering and pressing assembly includes a mounting seat 221, a fixing seat 222 and a clamping block 223 arranged on the top of the base 10, there are two fixing seats 222, and the two fixing seats 222 are arranged at intervals relative to each other On the top of the mounting seat 221, the clamping block 223 can displace along the length direction of the fixing seat 222 and press the workpiece when it moves to contact with the workpiece. Further, in order to facilitate the movement of the clamping block 223 along the fixing seat 222, a The top of 222 is provided with slide rails distributed along its length direction, and the bottom of clamping block 223 is provided with a slide block matching the slide rails. In addition, in order to realize the drive of clamping block 223, a drive can also be set on mounting base 221. Assemblies, the drive assembly includes an oil cylinder set on the mount 221 and a drive rod 224, the piston rod at the output end of the oil cylinder is set in the gap between the two fixed seats 222, and the drive rod 224 is two hinged on the piston rod of the oil cylinder , and the end of the driving rod 224 away from the cylinder is hinged with the clamping block 223, so that, under the drive of the oil cylinder, the driving rod 224 can drive the clamping block 223 to move along the fixed seat 222, so that the clamping block 223 can move at the same time Clamping is realized when the workpiece is in contact. In addition, a rolling bearing 225 can also be rotated on the contact part of the clamping block 223. The rolling bearing 225 can not only ensure that the workpiece is pressed, but also ensure that the workpiece can slide to a designated position along the rolling bearing 225. .

Referring to FIG. 9 , as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the lateral compression mechanism 30 includes a lateral compression frame 310 , a compression roller 320 and a lead screw assembly, and the lateral compression frame 310 is divided along the length direction of the base 10 . Placed on both sides of the bottom pressing mechanism, the pressing rollers 320 are rotated and arranged on the lateral pressing frame 310, and the lead screw assembly is used to drive the lateral pressing frame 310 to displace along the width direction of the base. Specifically, the screw assembly Component one includes a lead screw one 331 arranged along the width direction of the base 10 and a lead screw nut one 332 capable of axial displacement along the lead screw one, and the lateral compression frame 310 is arranged on the lead screw nut one, in actual During use, a motor that is used to drive the lead screw to rotate can also be set, so that the lead screw drives the lead screw nut to move axially along the lead screw under the drive of the motor. Since the lateral compression frame 310 is set On the lead screw nut one, it can drive the relative displacement of the lateral compression frame on both sides and the compression rollers on it, so that when the compression rollers 320 on both sides are in contact with the two side walls of the main beam 70, it can be realized from both sides. The main beam is positioned and pressed sideways.

It should be noted that the mechanism for realizing the relative displacement of the lateral pressing frame 310 and the pressing rollers 320 on it in the present invention is not limited to the screw assembly, and other structures such as the way that the cylinder drives the slider to move along the slide rail can also be realized. The functions of the present invention will not be described in detail here.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the end pressing mechanism 40 includes a fixed part fixed at one end of the top of the base 10 and a moving part arranged at the other end of the top of the base, and the moving part can be relatively fixed along the length direction of the base. In this way, in the actual use process, the fixed part is set on the top of the base and fixed, and the main beam 70 constituting the U-shaped beam is carried out from the bottom and the side by the bottom pressing mechanism and the lateral pressing mechanism respectively. Positioning and pressing, wherein the other side of the main beam 70 can be fixed by the fixed part, at this time, the moving part performs positioning and pressing on both ends of the main beam during the process of moving relative to the fixed part, so as to combine the bottom pressing The mechanism and the lateral pressing mechanism realize the multi-directional positioning and pressing of the main girder 70, and improve the automatic teaming and positioning and clamping of each part of the main girder.

Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, further, the fixed part and the moving part both include a fixed support 410, an end pressing block 420, a rotating support 430 and a vertical pressing block 440, and the end pressing block 420 is set On the side of the fixed support 410 close to the bottom pressing mechanism, the rotating support 430 is rotated and arranged on the top of the fixed support 410, and the vertical pressing block 440 is arranged on the rotating support 430 for pressing the main body of the U-shaped beam vertically. In this way, when in use, the fixed part fixes the end of the main beam 70 through the end pressing block 420 arranged on the inner side of the fixed support 410, and the moving part moves relative to the fixed part, and the end on it After the part pressing block is fixed with the main beam 70 at the other end, the vertical pressing block 440 on the fixed part and the moving part can be utilized to position and compress the main beam from the tops at both ends of the main beam.

Further, the rotating support 430 can be rotated on the top of the fixed support 410 through a pin shaft. In order to realize the rotation of the rotating support relative to the fixed support, an inclined hydraulic cylinder 450 is also provided at the bottom of the fixed support 410. The cylinder bottom of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the fixed support, and the output end of the inclined hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the rotating support 430 .

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the end pressing blocks 420 are two that are arranged on the side wall of the fixed support 410, and the end pressing blocks 420 are provided with pressing parts that cooperate with the main girder 70 of the U-shaped beam. Tightening groove 421, the pressing groove can engage the main beam, so as to position and compress the main beam when the end pressing block contacts the end of the main beam, so as to realize the pressing and fixing of the main beam from the lateral direction.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the rotating support 430 is provided with a vertical compression cylinder 460, the vertical compression block 440 is arranged at the output end of the vertical compression cylinder, and the vertical compression block 440 is the same as The arc block on the top of the main girder of the U-shaped beam is matched. In this way, under the drive of the inclined hydraulic cylinder 450, the rotating support is driven to approach the top of the main girder, and then the vertical compression cylinder 460 is used to drive the vertical compression. The block is in contact with the top of the main beam, and the vertical compression block is in contact with the top of the main beam from top to bottom, so as to realize the compression and fixation of the main beam from the longitudinal direction, and at the same time, combine the end compression block 420 with the end of the main beam from the horizontal direction. The compaction is expected to realize the positioning and compaction of the main beam from the horizontal and vertical directions.

Further, in order to realize the displacement of the moving part along the length direction of the base to realize the movement relative to the fixed part, an oil cylinder guide rail assembly is also provided on the top of the base 10, and the oil cylinder guide rail assembly includes two linear guide rails distributed along the length direction of the base, A guide block capable of displacement along the length direction of the guide rails and an oil cylinder arranged in parallel between the two guide rails. The output end of the oil cylinder is connected to the fixed support 410 of the moving part. Specifically, the fixed support 410 of the moving part is arranged on On the two guide rails, in the actual use process, the fixed support 410 of the moving part can be driven by the oil cylinder to move relative to the fixed part, so as to combine the fixed part to position and compress the main beam from both ends. It should be noted that, The way to realize the displacement of the moving part in the present invention is not limited to the combination of the oil cylinder and the guide rail, and the displacement of the moving part can also be realized by using the motor to drive the screw nut to move along the lead screw, so it will not be repeated here.

When in use, the bottom horizontal plate 60 is grasped and placed on the bottom pressing mechanism by the handling robot. When the sensor detects that there is a workpiece, it transmits a signal to the hydraulic cylinder of the centering and pressing assembly, and the hydraulic cylinder of the centering and pressing assembly is stretched out. Center the positioning and compression of the bottom horizontal plate, and then extend the hydraulic cylinder supporting the compression assembly to complete the compression of the bottom horizontal plate, and the robot places the support plates 80 that make up the U-shaped beam on the predetermined position through the gripper. The position is welded, and then the robot places the main beam 70 on the predetermined position through the gripper, the sensor detects the signal, and as soon as the lead screw assembly in the lateral pressing mechanism is started, the lateral pressing frames on both sides are driven relatively close to Drive the pressing roller to complete the compression of the two side walls of the main beam. At this time, one end of the main beam is fixed by the fixed part of the end pressing mechanism, and then the moving part moves relative to the fixed part to compress the main beam 70 from both ends. Specifically, the end compression block 420 arranged inside the fixed support 410 is used to limit the end of the main beam, and then the inclined hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the rotating support 430 to rotate close to the top of the main beam, so as to compress the vertical Push the cylinder to the predetermined position, and use the vertical compression cylinder to drive the vertical compression block to compress the top two ends of the main girder 70, thus completing the formation of the components of the U-shaped beam, and then Complete the welding of the U-beam.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention. and improvements, all should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An excavator U-shaped beam welding tool, comprising a base (10), is characterized in that it also includes: a bottom pressing mechanism, the bottom pressing mechanism is arranged along the length direction of the base (10), and is used to support and press the bottom horizontal plate (60) of the U-shaped beam; A lateral pressing mechanism (30), which is arranged on both sides of the bottom pressing mechanism along the length direction of the base (10), for pressing the main beam (70) of the U-shaped beam from the opposite side; and An end pressing mechanism (40), the end pressing mechanism is arranged at both ends of the top of the base (10) along the length direction of the base (10), and is used to press the U-shaped The main beam of the beam (70). 2. The excavator U-beam welding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, the bottom pressing mechanism includes a support pressing assembly (210) and a centering pressing assembly (220), and the support pressing assembly (220) The assembly includes a support seat (211) arranged on the top of the base (10), two spaced pads (212) arranged on the top of the support seat (211), a support block (213) arranged on the top of the pad (212) and capable of Driven by the power assembly, it rotates to the pressing block assembly that cooperates with the support block (213) to support and compress the workpiece; the centering pressing assembly includes a mounting seat (221) arranged on the top of the base (10), two opposite The fixed seat (222) arranged at intervals on the top of the mounting seat (221) and the clamping block (223) capable of displacement along the length direction of the fixed seat (222) to contact with the workpiece. 3. The excavator U-beam welding tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, the lateral pressing mechanism (30) includes side parts on both sides of the bottom pressing mechanism along the length direction of the base (10). To the compression frame (310), rotate the compression roller (320) arranged on the lateral compression frame (310) and the lead screw assembly 1 for driving the displacement of the lateral compression frame (310) along the width of the base. 4. The excavator U-shaped beam welding tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, said lead screw assembly includes a lead screw (331) arranged along the width direction of the base (10) and can be positioned along the lead screw axis. Lead screw nut one (332) displaced in the direction, and the lateral compression frame (310) is arranged on the lead screw nut one. 5. The excavator U-shaped beam welding tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, the end pressing mechanism (40) includes a fixing part fixed at one end of the top of the base (10) and a fixing part arranged at the other end of the top of the base. One end and a moving part capable of moving relative to the fixed part along the length direction of the base. 6. The excavator U-beam welding tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, both the fixed part and the moving part comprise a fixed support (410), and a pressing mechanism arranged on the fixed support (410) near the bottom The end compression block (420) on one side, the rotation support (430) that is arranged on the top of the fixed support (410) is arranged on the rotation support (430) and is used to compress the U-shaped beam main body vertically. Vertical compression blocks for beams (440). 7. The excavator U-shaped beam welding tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, the bottom of the fixed support (410) is also provided with an inclined hydraulic cylinder (450), and the inclined hydraulic cylinder (450) The output end is hinged with the rotating support (430). 8. The excavator U-beam welding tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, the end pressing blocks (420) are two arranged on the side wall of the fixed support (410), and the end The pressing block (420) is provided with a pressing groove (421) which cooperates with the U-shaped beam main beam (70) to locate the main beam. 9. The excavator U-beam welding tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, the rotating support (430) is provided with a vertical compression cylinder (460), and the vertical compression block (440 ) is arranged at the output end of the vertical compression cylinder, and the vertical compression block (440) is an arc-shaped block matched with the top of the main girder of the U-shaped beam. 10. The excavator U-shaped beam welding tool according to claim 9, characterized in that, the top of the base (10) is also provided with an oil cylinder guide rail assembly, and the oil cylinder guide rail assembly includes guide rails distributed along the length direction of the base, capable of A guide block displaced along the length direction of the guide rail and an oil cylinder used to drive the displacement of the fixed support (410), the fixed support (410) of the moving part is arranged on the guide block.

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