CN115788782A - A floating wind turbine offshore installation process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a floating type fan offshore installation process.A prefabricated seabed weight system is arranged at the bottom of an installation sea area in advance, the upper part of the seabed weight system is connected with a tension cable, and the upper part of the tension cable is connected with a floating ball I to form a vertical tension system; and a plurality of groups of anchor piles are laid in advance, mooring anchor chains are connected to the anchor piles, a plurality of balance weights are arranged at the bottoms of the mooring anchor chains, the upper ends of the mooring anchor chains are connected with the mooring leading cables, and the upper ends of the mooring leading cables are connected with the floating balls II, so that a mooring unit is formed. Has the beneficial effects that: through the floating platform basis greatly increased rigidity and stability itself under the common effort of tension cable and mooring anchor chain, fall to wind, unrestrained, the influence of flowing to minimum, the range of rolling, pitching, drooping and swinging becomes controllable, the fan will become easily to be under construction when toward floating platform basis hoist and mount like this, very big reduction the risk of operation, simultaneously, compare with other marine construction schemes, this scheme construction technology degree of difficulty is low, construction cycle is short, construction cost is low, be one set of practical, easy technical scheme.

Description

A floating wind turbine offshore installation process

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ocean engineering, in particular to an offshore installation process for a floating fan.

Background technique

Offshore wind power generation is a rapidly developing green energy technology in the world, and my country is also accelerating the investment and development of offshore wind power. In particular, the development of floating offshore wind turbines is rapid, and large floating wind turbines are emerging. However, the efficient and safe installation and transportation of floating wind turbines has always been a difficult point in engineering construction. Therefore, for long-distance sea transportation, the foundation of the floating platform and the wind turbine are usually transported separately, and then they arrive at the destination for offshore installation of the wind turbine, and finally transported to the wind field for positioning and mooring. Therefore, the offshore installation of the wind turbine is a difficult and also a key point of the entire construction project. Existing technical schemes have a lot of building foundations in shallow water areas, and the floating floating platform foundation is placed on the bottom in shallow water areas. Therefore, high requirements are put forward for the construction of the foundation, and the construction period is long, and the environmental requirements are more restrictive.

Aiming at the problems in the related technologies, no effective solution has been proposed yet.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems in the related technologies, the present invention proposes an offshore installation process for floating wind turbines to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems in the existing related technologies.

For this reason, the concrete technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:

An offshore installation process for a floating wind turbine, comprising the following steps:

The prefabricated submarine system weights sit on the bottom of the installation sea area in advance, the upper part is connected to the tension cable, and the upper part of the tension cable is connected to the floating ball to form a vertical tension system;

Also lay multiple groups of anchor piles in advance, the mooring anchor chains are connected to the anchor piles, several counterweights are arranged at the bottom of the mooring anchor chains, the upper end of the mooring anchor chains is connected with the leading cable, and the upper end of the leading cable is connected with the second floating ball , and then form a mooring unit, and multiple mooring units form a temporary mooring system;

After the foundation of the floating platform is towed by the general-purpose three-purpose engineering ship to the installation sea area, after it is in place, the foundation of the floating platform is ballasted, and then multiple mooring units on the temporary mooring system are connected to the foundation of the floating platform;

Connect the weight of the seabed system to the foundation of the floating platform, and then discharge the load on the foundation of the floating platform. Under the conditions of the installation sea area, the foundation of the floating platform will not heave, and at the same time, it must meet the required draft after the fan is installed on the foundation of the floating platform;

Tighten the temporary mooring unit around the foundation of the floating platform to complete the positioning of the foundation of the floating platform;

After the remaining parts of the floating wind turbine are transported in place, the wind turbine is hoisted to the foundation of the floating platform through the self-elevating wind power installation platform for installation;

After the installation of the wind turbine is completed, ballast the floating wind turbine, and release the mooring unit and the bottom mooring weight;

Slowly tow the integral floating wind turbine by the three-purpose engineering ship, leave it to a safe area, and then tow it to the wind site and put it in place.

Preferably, during the installation of the wind turbine on the foundation of the floating platform, the self-elevating wind power installation platform can choose one of the two installation methods of integral hoisting or split hoisting.

Preferably, the foundation of the floating platform is provided with three uprights, and both the vertical tension unit and the mooring unit are correspondingly connected to the uprights.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The submarine weight is a reinforced concrete structure, the purpose of which is to reduce construction costs;

The function of the first floating ball is to facilitate salvage when the tension cable is connected to the foundation of the floating platform;

The function of the leading cable is to assist in tensioning the anchor chain when the foundation of the floating platform is positioned;

The function of the second floating ball is to facilitate salvage and adjust the tension and angle of the anchor chain when the anchor chain is connected to the foundation of the floating platform;

The role of the counterweight is to adjust the weight and angle of the anchor chain, and the role of the anchor pile is to connect the anchor chain to the seabed to provide sufficient grip for the anchor chain;

The functions of the three three-purpose engineering ships: one is to tow the foundation of the floating platform, and the other is to assist in temporarily positioning the foundation of the floating platform when the foundation of the floating platform enters the installation sea area.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a floating fan offshore installation process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the positional relationship between the vertical tension system and the temporary mooring system in the offshore installation process of a floating wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a single group of tension units of a vertical tension system in a floating wind turbine offshore installation process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a single group of mooring units of a temporary temporary mooring system in a floating wind turbine offshore installation process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the wind turbine foundation hauling process of a floating wind turbine offshore installation process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary mooring positioning structure for a floating platform foundation in an offshore installation process of a floating wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the fan hoisting and installation process of a floating fan offshore installation process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a process for offshore installation of a floating wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the picture:

1. Fan; 2. Floating platform foundation; 3. Vertical tension system; 31. Vertical tension unit; 311. Submarine heavy block; 3111. Hanging device; 312. Tension cable; 313. Floating ball one; 4. Temporary system Mooring system; 41. Mooring unit; 411. Mooring anchor chain; 412. Leading cable; 413. Two floating balls; 414. Counterweight; 415. Anchor pile; 5. Three-purpose engineering ship; 6. Jack-up wind power Install the platform.

Detailed ways

In order to further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides accompanying drawings, which are part of the disclosure of the present invention, and are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments, and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments, for reference Those of ordinary skill in the art should be able to understand other possible implementations and advantages of the present invention. The components in the figures are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are generally used to represent similar components.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, an offshore installation process of a floating wind turbine is provided.

Embodiment one;

As shown in FIGS. 1-8 , this embodiment includes: a wind turbine 1 , a floating platform foundation 2 , a vertical tension system 3 and a temporary mooring system 4 .

The floating platform foundation 2 of this embodiment is a three-column semi-submersible floating platform foundation, and the floating platform foundation 2 itself can complete ballast diving and unloading and floating operations.

The vertical tension system 3 of this embodiment includes three sets of vertical tension units 31 , and each set of vertical tension units 31 is connected to the column of the floating platform foundation 2 .

The temporary mooring system 4 of this embodiment includes 3 groups of mooring units 41, and each group of mooring units 41 is connected to the corresponding fan column.

As shown in Figure 2, the vertical tension system 3 is equipped with three sets of vertical units 31 according to the three-column structure of the wind turbine 1; the temporary mooring system 4 is also equipped with three sets of mooring units 41 corresponding to the three columns of the wind turbine 1.

As shown in FIG. 3 , each group of vertical tension units 31 includes a seabed tie weight 311 , several tension cables 312 and a floating ball 1 313 on top of each tension cable 312 . The lower part of the tension cable 312 is connected with the bottom weight 311, and the top is connected with the floating ball 1 313. The bottom tie-weight 311 of this embodiment is a reinforced concrete structure, and its purpose is to reduce construction costs. The effect of the floating ball 1 313 is that when the tension cable 312 is connected with the floating platform foundation 2, it is convenient to salvage.

As shown in Figure 4, each group of mooring units 41 of the temporary mooring system 4 includes a mooring anchor chain 411, a floating ball 2 413, a leading cable 412, a counterweight 414 and an anchor pile 415; The upper part of the leading cable 412 is connected to the second floating ball 413, the lower part of the anchor chain 411 is connected to multiple sets of counterweights 414, and the bottom end is connected to the anchor pile 415. The function of the leading cable 412 is to assist in tensioning the anchor chain when the floating platform foundation 2 is positioned. 411; the function of the floating ball 2 413 is to facilitate salvage and adjust the tension and angle of the anchor chain 411 when the anchor chain 411 is connected to the floating platform foundation 2; the function of the counterweight 414 is to adjust the weight and angle of the anchor chain 411; the anchor pile 415 The effect of this is to connect the anchor chain 411 with the seabed to provide enough grip for the anchor chain 411.

As shown in Figure 5, when the floating platform foundation 2 is towed into place, it is completed by three three-purpose engineering ships 5; the functions of the three three-purpose engineering ships 5 are: one is to haul the floating platform foundation 2, After the platform foundation 2 enters the installation sea area, it assists the temporary positioning of the floating platform foundation 2, and the third is that the seabed system weight 311 can be connected with the floating platform foundation 2.

As shown in FIG. 6 , it is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary mooring positioning structure of the floating platform foundation 2 . The buoyancy adjustment of the floating platform foundation 2 in the vertical tension system 3 and the temporary mooring system 4 cooperates with the floating platform foundation 2 to realize the positioning of the floating platform foundation 2, so that the floating platform foundation 2 meets the conditions for the hoisting and installation of the wind turbine.

As shown in FIG. 7 , it is a schematic diagram of the offshore installation process of the wind turbine 1 . The installation equipment used in this embodiment is a self-elevating wind power installation platform 6, which is characterized in that the legs are fixed on the bottom, so the hoisting is stable. Secondly, the hoisting height is high and the hoisting weight is large, which can realize the hoisting and installation of high-power fans.

Embodiment two;

As shown in Figures 1-7, according to an embodiment of the present invention, an offshore installation process for a floating wind turbine is also provided, including the following steps;

Step S1: As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, according to the weight load of the wind turbine 1, the type of three columns and the overall size of the floating platform foundation 2, combined with the calculation of the sea state parameters of the installation sea area, the vertical tension unit 31 is pre-arranged on the seabed, and its installation The position is below the column of the floating platform foundation 2; at this time, the bottom of the seabed is positioned on the bottom of the seabed with a heavy block 311, and the traction tension cable 312 of the floating ball 1 313 is located above the sea surface.

Step S2: see Figure 2 and Figure 4, according to the weight load of the wind turbine 1, the type of three columns and the overall size of the floating platform foundation 2, combined with the calculation of the sea state parameters of the installation sea area, the three groups of mooring units of the temporary mooring system 4 41 is preset around each column of the floating platform foundation 2. At this time, the upper end of the anchor chain 411 is connected to the leading cable 412, and the upper end of the leading cable 412 is connected to the floating ball 413. The floating ball 413 floats above the sea surface. The counterweight 411 and the tail end of the anchor chain 411 are connected to the anchor pile 415, and the anchor pile 415 sinks into the seabed.

Step S3: As shown in Fig. 5, the floating platform foundation 2 enters the installation sea area on the three three-purpose engineering ship 5, and at this time, the vertical tension system 3 and the temporary mooring system 4 have been installed.

Step S4: see Fig. 6, the draft of the floating platform foundation 2 is ballasted, and three three-purpose engineering ships 5 are used for precise positioning, and then the floating ball 1 313 is salvaged, and the tension cables 312 of the three groups of vertical tension units 31 are connected to the corresponding floating buoys. The platform foundation 2 uprights are connected and tightened.

Step S5: As shown in Figure 6, salvage the second floating ball 413, tighten the leading cable 412, connect and tighten the anchor chains 411 of the three groups of mooring units 41 to the corresponding columns of the floating platform foundation 2, and adjust the position of the second floating ball 413 and each The tension of the root anchor chain 411 reduces the swing range in the horizontal direction of the floating platform foundation 2, so that the installation condition of the fan 1 on the floating body foundation 2 can be met.

Step S6: As shown in Figure 6, the floating platform foundation 2 is loaded to increase the buoyancy and the tension of the tension cable 312 to meet the need to eliminate the impact of the surge on the floating platform foundation 2, and to meet the installation of the fan 1 on the floating platform foundation 2 After the draft.

Step S7: As shown in Figure 7, after the self-elevating wind power installation platform 6 is in place, the pile legs are positioned deep in the seabed, the wind turbine 1 is transported to the installation sea area, and the self-elevating wind power installation platform 6 lifts the wind turbine 1 to the positioned floating platform Install on the foundation 2. The picture shows the overall hoisting status of the fan. According to the weight and size conditions of the fan 1, segmental hoisting can also be selected to complete the installation.

Step S8: After the installation of the wind turbine 1 is completed, the foundation of the floating platform 2 is ballasted, and the tension cable 311 and the anchor chain 411 are released. bit.

Embodiment three;

As shown in Figures 1-5, during the installation process of the fan 1 on the floating platform foundation 2, the self-elevating wind power installation platform 6 can choose one of two installation methods: integral hoisting or split hoisting; The foundation of the floating platform 2 is provided with three columns, and both the vertical tension unit 31 and the mooring unit 41 are correspondingly connected to the columns.

In summary, with the help of the above technical solution of the present invention, the submarine system weight 311 is a reinforced concrete structure, and its purpose is to reduce construction costs. The submarine system weight 311 adopts a reinforced concrete structure, and the reinforced concrete structure system weight can be prefabricated in advance , after being transported to the installation sea area, sink into the designated location of the installation sea area, the weight block itself has its own hanging device 3111, which can bear its own gravity load, is convenient for hoisting and installation, and can be tied with a tension cable 312. Of course, any other heavy objects that meet the weight and fastening requirements can be used as tie weights;

The effect of the floating ball 313 is that when the tension cable 312 is connected with the floating platform foundation 2, it is convenient to salvage;

The function of the lead cable 412 is to assist in tensioning the anchor chain 411 when the floating platform foundation 2 is positioned;

The function of the second floating ball 413 is to facilitate salvage and adjust the tension and angle of the anchor chain 411 when the anchor chain 411 is connected to the floating platform foundation 2;

The role of the counterweight 414 is to adjust the weight and angle of the anchor chain 411, and the role of the anchor pile 415 is to connect the anchor chain 411 to the seabed to provide sufficient grip for the anchor chain 411;

The functions of the three three-purpose engineering ships 5 are as follows: one is to tow the floating platform foundation 2, and the other is to assist in temporarily positioning the floating platform foundation 2 when the floating platform foundation 2 enters the installation sea area.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (3)

1. The floating type fan offshore installation process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1: the prefabricated seabed weight system (311) is arranged at an installation sea area in advance, the upper part of the prefabricated seabed weight system is connected with a tension cable (312), and the upper part of the tension cable (312) is connected with a first floating ball (313) to form a vertical tension system (3);

s2: a plurality of groups of anchor piles (415) are laid in advance, a mooring anchor chain (411) is connected to each anchor pile (415), a plurality of balance weights (414) are arranged at the bottom of each mooring anchor chain (411), the upper end of each mooring anchor chain (411) is connected with a mooring rope (412), the upper end of each mooring rope (412) is connected with a floating ball II (413), so that a mooring unit (41) is formed, and a plurality of mooring units (41) form a temporary mooring system (4);

s3: after the floating platform foundation (2) is hauled to an installation sea area by a general three-purpose engineering ship, the floating platform foundation (2) is ballasted after being in place, and then a plurality of mooring units (41) on the temporary mooring system (4) are connected to the floating platform foundation (2);

s4: connecting a seabed weight (311) with a floating platform foundation (2), then discharging load on the floating platform foundation (2), wherein the floating platform foundation (2) does not generate heave under the condition of meeting the sea condition of an installation sea area, and simultaneously the draught depth required after a fan (1) is installed on the floating platform foundation (2) is met;

s5: tightening temporary anchor cable mooring units (41) around the floating platform foundation (2) to complete the positioning of the floating platform foundation (2);

s6: after the other parts of the floating type fan are transported in place, the fan (1) is hoisted to the floating platform foundation (2) through the self-elevating type wind power installation platform (6) for installation;

s7: after the fan (1) is installed, the floating fan is ballasted, and the mooring unit (41) and the seabed system weight (311) are removed;

s8: the integral floating fan is slowly dragged to a safe area through the three-purpose engineering ship (5), and then the integral floating fan is dragged to a wind field site to be in place.

2. The floating wind turbine offshore installation process according to claim 1, wherein in the process of installing the wind turbine (1) on the floating platform foundation (2), the self-elevating wind power installation platform (6) can be installed in one of an integral hoisting mode and a split hoisting mode.

3. Offshore installation process of a floating wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that three columns are provided on the floating platform foundation (2), and the vertical tension unit (31) and the mooring unit (41) are both connected to the columns correspondingly.

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