Rotary excavating machine and rotary excavating pile construction process
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of construction machinery of constructional engineering, in particular to a rotary digging machine and a rotary digging pile construction process.
Background
The rotary drilling machine is also called a rotary drilling machine and a pile driver. The rotary drilling machine is a comprehensive drilling machine and has the characteristics of high pore-forming speed, less pollution, strong maneuverability and the like. The rotary excavator performs wet cutting operations with mud guard by using a rotary drill bit.
In the process of forming holes by the mud guard arms, a drilling system of the rotary excavator comprises a drill bit and a drill rod, the drill bit is composed of an auger and a slag drawing cylinder, the auger is rotated to drill the ground, the drill rod is gradually extended, the slag drawing cylinder is filled with slag under the action of rotation and gravity, then the drill rod is lifted to the height above the ground, after a rotary main machine rotates for a certain angle, a drill bit bottom door is opened, slag in the slag drawing cylinder is discharged, a bucket door is closed and is rotated back to a drilling place, the drill rod is lowered, the drill bit is put into the hole again to perform drilling operation, and the holes are formed repeatedly. In the drilling process, the slurry in the slurry pool is required to be conveyed into the hole, and the height of the slurry liquid level in the hole is maintained, because the soil layer required to be drilled is loose or the soil around the hole is disturbed during drilling, and the soil around the hole has a tendency to collapse into the hole under the action of horizontal soil pressure. The mud can enable the slag soil on the inner wall of the hole to form mud skin, and the mud is semi-fluid and can support the hole wall, so that the phenomenon of hole collapse is reduced.
In the operation process of the rotary excavating machine, the slag taking cylinder is filled with slag, more slurry and soil are filled into the slag taking cylinder together, and after the slag taking cylinder moves to one side, the slurry is discharged into the pile hole together with the slag, and although a plurality of through holes for the outflow of the slurry are formed in the side wall of the slag taking cylinder, the through holes are blocked or partially blocked, so that partial slurry is brought into the hole, if the slurry is not timely supplemented, the structural stability of the pile hole can be influenced, and if the supplementing speed is too slow, the working efficiency can be influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a rotary digging machine and a construction process of rotary digging piles, in order to reduce the loss of slurry in pile holes and improve the structural stability of the pile holes.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a rotary digging machine, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the rotary digging machine comprises a power head, a drill rod and a drilling tool, wherein the drilling tool comprises a slag digging cylinder and a bucket door which is positioned at the bottom of the slag digging cylinder and can be opened and closed, the drill rod is connected with a top plate of the slag digging cylinder, a drill bit is arranged on the bucket door, a plurality of slurry discharging holes are formed on the side wall of the slag digging cylinder,
The slag removing cylinder is provided with a clamping plate in a sliding mode, the clamping plate can move towards the axis direction close to the slag removing cylinder and is used for extruding slag soil and extruding slurry in the slag soil, the power head is sleeved on the drill rod and is in sliding connection with the drill rod, the power head can slide along the length direction of the drill rod, and a driving assembly for driving the clamping plate to move is arranged on the power head.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, draw the sediment section of thick bamboo and promote the dregs to stake hole drill way department, drive assembly drive splint remove, splint extrude the dregs in drawing the sediment section of thick bamboo to extrude the mud in the dregs to in flowing into the stake hole from unloading the thick liquid hole, reduce the loss rate of stake hole internal mud, thereby improved the stability of stake hole lateral wall.
Preferably, the clamping plate is provided with a plurality of limiting rods in a penetrating mode, one ends of the limiting rods are fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the slag drawing cylinder, and the clamping plate can slide on the limiting rods.
By adopting the technical scheme, on one hand, the limiting rod plays a supporting role on the clamping plate, is beneficial to placing the clamping plate in the slag drawing cylinder, and on the other hand, the limiting rod plays a guiding role on the moving direction of the clamping plate, so that the phenomenon of deviation of the clamping plate is reduced.
Preferably, the clamping plate is arc-shaped and can be abutted against the inner side wall of the slag drawing cylinder, one side of the clamping plate abutted against the inner side wall of the slag drawing cylinder is connected with a plurality of plungers corresponding to the slurry discharging holes, and the plungers can open and close the slurry discharging holes along with the movement of the clamping plate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, draw a sediment section of thick bamboo at the in-process of digging dregs soon, mud can produce the jam to unloading the thick liquid hole, causes to draw the mud in the sediment section of thick bamboo and is difficult for discharging into in the stake hole. The plunger is used for blocking the slurry discharging hole, the possibility that the slurry discharging hole is blocked by the dregs is reduced, and when the clamping plate extrudes the dregs, the plunger follows the clamping plate to move, so that the plunger is pulled out of the slurry discharging hole, and the slurry discharging function of the slurry discharging hole is realized.
Preferably, one end of the clamping plate, which is close to the inner side of the slag drawing cylinder top plate, is connected with a sliding rod, a sliding groove for the sliding rod to pass through and slide is formed in the slag drawing cylinder top plate, and the driving assembly is used for driving the sliding rod to move in the sliding groove.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, drive assembly drive slide bar removes in the spout, and the slide bar drives the splint in the sediment section of thick bamboo of drawing and removes along with the slide bar, has realized splint to drawing the extrusion function of sediment soil in the sediment section of thick bamboo.
Preferably, one end of the sliding rod, which is positioned outside the slag drawing barrel, is an inclined surface, the driving assembly comprises a supporting rod arranged on the power head, a guiding inclined surface is arranged at one end of the supporting rod, the guiding inclined surface of the supporting rod is matched with the inclined surface end of the sliding rod and can be abutted against the inclined surface end of the sliding rod, and when the sliding rod abuts against the guiding inclined surface and the power head and the slag drawing barrel are continuously close to each other, the sliding rod can move along the sliding groove.
By adopting the technical scheme, the power head moves up and down on the drill rod until the guide inclined plane of the abutting rod is matched with the inclined plane of the sliding rod, and when the abutting rod continues to move down, the sliding rod moves in the downloading chute under the thrust action of the abutting rod, so that the clamping plate is driven to move in the slag drawing barrel.
Preferably, the two clamping plates are arranged, the moving directions of the sliding rods on the two clamping plates are positioned on the same straight line, and the side walls of the end parts of the two sliding rods are connected with the same telescopic rod.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the two clamping plates move in opposite directions, the extrusion effect on the dregs is better, and mud can be filtered out of the dregs as much as possible. The telescopic rod is connected with the two sliding rods, so that the relative positions of the two clamping plates are fixed.
Preferably, the slide bar is provided with a restoration assembly which enables the clamping plate to move to be abutted against the inner side wall of the slag drawing cylinder.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the butt pole did not produce effort to the slide bar, reset subassembly with slide bar and splint reset, the follow-up rotary excavator of being convenient for continues work.
Preferably, the restoring assembly comprises a spring sleeved on the telescopic rod, and two ends of the spring are fixedly connected with the side walls of the two sliding rods respectively.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the abutting rod generates acting force on the sliding rod, the clamping plates are close to each other, and the spring is contracted. When the acting force of the abutting rod on the sliding rod is removed, the spring is restored, the sliding rod is restored, and meanwhile the clamping plate abuts against the inner side wall of the slag drawing barrel.
In a second aspect, the application provides a construction process of a rotary excavation pile, comprising the following steps:
S1, positioning piles, and excavating a mud pit and a mud ditch;
S2, burying a protective cylinder, and positioning a rotary digging machine;
S3, drilling construction of a rotary excavator, and guiding slurry into the hole;
S4, manufacturing a reinforcement cage, lowering the reinforcement cage and the guide pipe into the hole, and pouring underwater concrete;
s5, after the concrete pouring is completed, pulling out the pile casing, and backfilling the orifice;
s6, excavating a foundation trench, and finally chiseling the pile head.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. The driving assembly drives the clamping plates to move, the clamping plates extrude the dregs in the dreg digging cylinder, the slurry in the dregs is extruded and flows into the pile hole from the slurry discharging hole, the loss speed of the slurry in the pile hole is reduced, and therefore the stability of the side wall of the pile hole is improved;
2. The plunger is used for blocking the slurry discharging hole, so that the possibility that the slurry discharging hole is blocked by the dregs is reduced, and when the clamping plate extrudes the dregs, the plunger is pulled out of the slurry discharging hole, so that the slurry discharging function of the slurry discharging hole is realized;
3. When the abutting rod generates acting force on the sliding rod, the clamping plates are close to each other, the springs contract, when the acting force of the abutting rod on the sliding rod is removed, the springs restore to the original state, the sliding rod is reset, and meanwhile the clamping plates are abutted against the inner side wall of the slag drawing barrel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a rotary excavator according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of a rotary cutter according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a rotary excavator according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a slag drum of a rotary excavator according to an embodiment of the present application.
The reference numerals are 1, a power head, 11, a driving component, 12, a supporting rod, 13, a guiding inclined plane, 2, a drill rod, 3, a drilling tool, 4, a slag removing cylinder, 41, a clamping plate, 42, a slurry discharging hole, 43, a plunger, 44, a limiting rod, 45, a sliding rod, 46, a sliding groove, 47, a telescopic rod, 48, a restoring component, 49, a limiting hole, 5, a bucket door, 51, bucket teeth, 52, a notch, 53, a hook head, 6, an opening and closing rod, 61, a limiting plate, 62, a limiting plate, 63, a torsion spring, 64, a first connecting rod, 65, a second connecting rod, 66, a limiting block, 67 and a clamping hook.
Detailed Description
The application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-4.
The embodiment of the application discloses a rotary digging machine. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the drilling tool comprises a power head 1, a drill rod 2 and a drilling tool 3, wherein the drilling tool 3 comprises a cylindrical slag drawing cylinder 4 and a hopper door 5 positioned at the bottom of the slag drawing cylinder 4, a drill bit is arranged on the hopper door 5, in the embodiment, the drill bit is a hopper tooth 51, the hopper tooth 51 is distributed on the central axis of the hopper door 5, and arch notches 52 are formed in the hopper door 5 on two sides of the hopper tooth 51.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the power head 1 is sleeved on the drill rod 2 and can reciprocate along the length direction of the drill rod 2, or the drill rod 2 can reciprocate along the axis of the power head, and when the drill rod 2 rotates, the power head 1 can rotate together with the drill rod 2, one end of the drill rod 2 is fixedly connected with the top plate of the slag digging cylinder 4, and the functions of the conventional rotary digging machine are not described herein. The laminating of the inside wall of drawing a sediment section of thick bamboo 4 has splint 41, and splint 41 are arc and quantity and are two, and two splint 41 are with drawing a sediment section of thick bamboo 4 axisymmetry setting on the inner wall of drawing a sediment section of thick bamboo 4 both sides, and exist the interval between the splint 41, install on the unit head 1 and order about splint 41 to drive the drive assembly 11 that draws a sediment section of thick bamboo 4 inside wall direction to remove. A plurality of slurry discharging holes 42 are formed in the side wall of the slag drawing cylinder 4, plungers 43 corresponding to the slurry discharging holes 42 one by one are arranged on the surface, abutted to the slag drawing cylinder 4, of the clamping plate 41, and the plungers 43 can be inserted into the slurry discharging holes 42 to seal the slurry discharging holes 42.
In the drilling process, the plunger 43 seals the slurry discharging hole 42, so that slurry is reduced to enter the pile hole, the slurry is reduced to be carried out, the slurry discharging hole 42 is sealed when the slag taking cylinder 4 is in hole digging operation, and when the slag taking cylinder 4 is filled with slag soil and lifted upwards, the driving assembly 11 drives the clamping plate 41 to be far away from the inner side wall of the slag taking cylinder 4, so that the plunger 43 is pulled out of the slurry discharging hole 42, and the slurry is convenient to flow out. When the two clamping plates 41 are close to each other, the clamping plates 41 squeeze the dregs in the dreg taking cylinder 4, the slurry in the dregs is squeezed out, and overflowed slurry flows out of the arch-shaped notch 52 of the bucket door 5 and the slurry discharging hole 42 on the side wall of the dreg taking cylinder 4 respectively, so that the slurry falls into the pile hole again, and the loss of the slurry in the pile hole is reduced.
Referring to fig. 3, a plurality of limiting holes 49 are formed in the clamping plate 41, a plurality of limiting rods 44 corresponding to the limiting holes 49 one by one are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the slag drawing cylinder 4, the limiting rods 44 penetrate through the limiting holes 49, the limiting rods 44 play a supporting role on the clamping plate 41, the clamping plate 41 can move repeatedly on the limiting rods 44, and the limiting rods 44 limit and guide the moving direction of the clamping plate 41.
One side of the clamping plate 41 close to the top plate of the slag drawing cylinder 4 is fixedly connected with a sliding rod 45 penetrating out of the top wall of the slag drawing cylinder 4, two sliding rods 45 are arranged on each clamping plate 41 and are respectively arranged at two ends of the clamping plate 41 close to the side wall of the top plate of the slag drawing cylinder 4, and one end of the sliding rod 45 away from the clamping plate 41 is provided with an inclined plane. The top plate of the slag drawing cylinder 4 is provided with sliding grooves 46 which are used for the sliding rods 45 to pass through and can move, the number of the sliding grooves 46 is the same as that of the limiting rods 44, and the length direction of the sliding grooves 46 is perpendicular to the axes of the two clamping plates 41. The power head 1 is provided with a driving assembly 11 for driving the clamping plate 41 to move, the driving assembly 11 comprises a supporting rod 12 fixedly connected to the power head 1 and perpendicular to the power head 1, one end, far away from the power head 1, of the supporting rod 12 is provided with a guide inclined plane 13, and the guide inclined plane 13 of the supporting rod 12 is matched with the inclined plane of the sliding rod 45.
When the slag is taken to the upper part of the pile hole by the slag taking cylinder 4, the power head 1 approaches the slag taking cylinder 4 along the drill rod 2, the guide inclined surface 13 of the abutting rod 12 abuts against the inclined surface of the sliding rod 45, the power head 1 continues to move downwards, the abutting rod 12 pushes the sliding rod 45 to move along the length direction of the sliding groove 46, the two clamping plates 41 approach each other, the slag in the slag taking cylinder 4 is extruded, and accordingly mud is discharged.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, two adjacent slide bars 45 on two clamping plates 41 are provided with a restoring assembly 48, a telescopic rod 47 is fixedly connected between the two adjacent slide bars 45 on the two clamping plates 41, the restoring assembly 48 comprises a spring sleeved on the telescopic rod 47, and two ends of the spring are fixedly connected with side walls of the two slide bars 45 respectively. When the two clamping plates 41 are close, the supporting rod 12 pushes the sliding rods 45 to move, and when the two sliding rods 45 are close, extrusion force is generated on the telescopic rods 47 and the springs, so that the telescopic rods 47 are shortened, the springs are contracted along the length direction of the telescopic rods 47, and the phenomenon that the springs are radially bent is reduced.
When the abutting rod 12 is far away from the sliding rod 45 until the abutting rod 12 is not in contact with the sliding rod 45, the sliding rod 45 loses the pushing force of the abutting rod 12, and the spring recovers the original length, so that the sliding rod 45 is pushed to move, and the two clamping plates 41 move back until being respectively abutted on the inner side walls of the slag drawing cylinder 4.
In other embodiments of the application, the clamping plates 41 may be provided in other numbers, such as four pieces disposed ninety degrees apart about the axis of the tapping cylinder 4, by adjusting the number and position of the slide bars 45 and the abutment bars 12, and the orientation of the bevel.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, a hinge is connected between the bottom of the slag taking cylinder 4 and the bucket door 5, one end of the bucket door 5 is hinged with the slag taking cylinder 4 through the hinge, an opening and closing rod 6 is arranged in the slag taking cylinder 4, and one end of the opening and closing rod 6 vertically penetrates through the top plate of the slag taking cylinder 4. The top plate of the slag taking cylinder 4 is connected with a limiting plate 61, the limiting plate 61 is L-shaped, one surface of the limiting plate 61 is perpendicular to the top plate of the slag taking cylinder 4, the other surface of the limiting plate 61 is located right above the opening and closing rod 6, the opening and closing rod 6 simultaneously penetrates through the limiting plate 61, and a torsion spring 63 is sleeved on the opening and closing rod 6 located between the limiting plate 61 and the top plate of the slag taking cylinder 4. The inside wall fixedly connected with constraint board 62 of drawing a sediment section of thick bamboo 4, the one end that the pole 6 was located drawing a sediment section of thick bamboo 4 passes constraint board 62 and rotates and be connected with first connecting rod 64, and the one end that the pole 6 was kept away from to first connecting rod 64 rotates and is connected with second connecting rod 65, and the one end that the second connecting rod 65 kept away from first connecting rod 64 is connected with trip 67, and the middle part rotation of second connecting rod 65 is connected with stopper 66, stopper 66 fixed connection draws a sediment section of thick bamboo 4 inside wall. One end of the bucket door 5, which is far away from the loose leaf, is connected with a hook head 53 which is clamped with a clamping hook 67, and the side wall of the slag drawing cylinder 4 is provided with a hook groove for the movement of the clamping hook 67.
The power head 1 is abutted with the opening and closing rod 6 in the downward moving process, downward pushing force is applied to the opening and closing rod 6, the torsion spring 63 is contracted, and the restriction plate 62 restricts the opening and closing rod 6 to move only along the vertical direction. The opening and closing rod 6 applies pressure to the first connecting rod 64, and the first connecting rod 64 in turn applies thrust to the second connecting rod 65, so that the second connecting rod 65 rotates around the limiting block 66, and the clamping hook 67 penetrates through the hook groove and is separated from the hook head 53, so that the bucket door 5 is opened.
When the power head 1 moves upwards to be separated from the opening and closing rod 6, one end of the bucket door 5 far away from the loose leaf is in a falling rotation state under the action of gravity, the falling end of the bucket door 5 is abutted with the ground, the slag taking cylinder 4 moves towards the ground, the bucket door 5 rotates by taking the loose leaf as an axis, and the hook head 53 is clamped with the clamping hook 67, so that the bucket door 5 is closed.
The implementation principle of the rotary excavating machine is that when the slag drawing cylinder 4 is filled with slag from the pile hole and is lifted to the position above the pile hole, the power head 1 approaches the slag drawing cylinder 4 along the drill rod 2, the guide inclined surface 13 of the abutting rod 12 abuts against the inclined surface of the sliding rod 45, the power head 1 continues to move downwards until the side wall of the abutting rod 12 abuts against the side wall of the sliding rod 45, the abutting rod 12 pushes the sliding rod 45 to move along the length direction of the sliding groove 46, and the telescopic rod 47 and the spring are compressed. When the slide bar 45 moves in the slide groove 46, thrust is respectively applied to the two clamping plates 41, so that the two clamping plates 41 respectively move along the length direction of the corresponding limiting rod 44 and are close to each other, and the two clamping plates 41 squeeze the dregs in the dreg taking cylinder 4, so that mud is squeezed out of the dregs. When the clamping plates 41 are close, the plunger 43 is separated from the slurry discharging hole 42, so that slurry is discharged from the slurry discharging hole 42.
And then transferring the slag taking cylinder 4 out of the pile hole, and continuing to move the power head 1 downwards until the power head 1 is abutted with the opening and closing rod 6, wherein the power head 1 applies thrust to the opening and closing rod 6, the torsion spring 63 contracts, and the restriction plate 62 restricts the opening and closing rod 6 to move only along the vertical direction. The opening and closing rod 6 applies pressure to the first connecting rod 64, the first connecting rod 64 in turn applies thrust to the second connecting rod 65, so that the second connecting rod 65 rotates around the limiting block 66, and the clamping hook 67 penetrates through the hooking groove and is separated from the hook head 53, so that the bucket door 5 is opened, and dregs are discharged from the dreg taking barrel 4.
After the power head 1 moves up to be separated from the opening and closing rod 6 and discharges soil, one end of the bucket door 5 which falls down is abutted against the ground, the slag bucket 4 moves towards the ground, the bucket door 5 rotates by taking the loose leaf as an axis, and the hook head 53 is clamped with the clamping hook 67 to close the bucket door 5. When the power head 1 continues to move upwards until the abutting rod 12 is not in contact with the sliding rod 45, the sliding rod 45 loses the thrust of the abutting rod 12, the spring recovers to be long, and accordingly the sliding rod 45 is pushed to move, so that the two clamping plates 41 move back until the two clamping plates abut against the inner side walls of the slag drawing cylinder 4 respectively.
The slag soil in the slag drawing cylinder 4 is extruded through the clamping plates 41, slurry in the slag soil is extruded, overflowed slurry flows out of the arch notch 52 of the bucket door 5 and the slurry discharging hole 42 on the side wall of the slag drawing cylinder 4 respectively, and accordingly the slurry falls into the pile hole, and the loss of slurry in the pile hole is reduced.
The application also discloses a construction process of the rotary digging pile, which comprises the following steps:
S1, measuring and paying off according to pile positions of a design drawing, measuring the pile positions by using a total station, excavating a mud pit and a mud ditch on a construction site, and communicating the mud pit with a pile hole;
s2, excavating a section of hole opening larger than the diameter of the pile hole on the pile position by using a rotary excavating machine, burying a pile casing in the hole opening, aligning the central axis of the pile casing with the measured pile position center, and strictly keeping the perpendicularity of the pile casing;
S3, drilling and perforating by a rotary excavator, and draining slurry into pile holes in the perforating process to stabilize hole soil and protect hole walls;
s4, after the pile hole is excavated, manufacturing a reinforcement cage, hanging the reinforcement cage into the pile hole through a crane, selecting a proper conduit, hanging the conduit into the pile hole, enabling the bottom of the conduit to be lowered to about 500mm above the elevation of the bottom of the hole, installing a funnel at the top end of the conduit, pouring concrete from the funnel, and pulling out the conduit while pouring the concrete, so that the bottom of the conduit is always positioned in the poured concrete;
S5, after the concrete pouring is finished, before the initial setting of the concrete, pulling out the pile casing from the orifice, keeping the perpendicularity of the pile casing when lifting the pile casing, reducing damage to the poured concrete, and backfilling the side wall of the opening;
S6, excavating a foundation trench and manually picking and chiseling a pile head.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the application, so that the equivalent changes of the structure, shape and principle of the application are covered by the scope of the application.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the application, so that the equivalent changes of the structure, shape and principle of the application are covered by the scope of the application.