CN115779171A

CN115779171A - Thrombus-proof pipeline

Info

Publication number: CN115779171A
Application number: CN202211502667.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑兰芳; 蒙雪姣; 莫艳珍; 聂慧霞
Original assignee: 923th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA
Current assignee: 923th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA
Priority date: 2022-11-28
Filing date: 2022-11-28
Publication date: 2023-03-14
Anticipated expiration: 2042-11-28
Also published as: CN115779171B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a thrombus-preventing pipeline, which comprises a dialysis tube, a blood return tube and a control switch, wherein the dialysis tube is connected with the control switch through a pipeline; the two ends of the blood return pipe are respectively communicated with the dialysis pipe, and the blood return pipe is provided with a filter for filtering thrombus in the returned blood; the control switches are arranged on the dialysis tube and the blood return tube to communicate the blood return tube with the main tube or communicate the dialysis tube with the main tube. The invention can reduce the blood staying in the hemodialysis process and filter the thrombus in the returned blood.

Description

Thrombus-proof pipeline

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a thrombus-preventing pipeline.

Background

Hemodialysis is a treatment method for replacing the kidney of a patient suffering from acute and chronic renal failure. The blood pump drains the blood in vivo from artery to outside body, and the blood is filtered by a hemodialysis machine to remove the metabolic waste in the blood, and then the blood is returned to human body from vein, and the whole process of the purification and return of the blood is called hemodialysis.

After present hemodialysis, the arterial end returns the blood through the gravity principle when hemodialysis closed time that returns blood gets off the machine, but the blood that stops among the hemodialysis process in returning the blood pipeline probably produces little thrombus, and returns the blood pipeline and lack the filter screen protection, easily causes the direct human condition that gets into of thrombus before the pump, and then increases corresponding complication for example the emergence of pulmonary embolism, has safe risk.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a thrombus-preventing pipeline which can reduce the blood staying in the hemodialysis process and filter thrombus in the returned blood.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the anti-thrombus pipeline comprises a dialysis tube, a blood return tube and a control switch; the two ends of the blood return pipe are respectively communicated with the dialysis tube, and the blood return pipe is provided with a filter for filtering thrombus in the returned blood; the control switches are arranged on the dialysis tube and the blood return tube to communicate the blood return tube with the main tube or communicate the dialysis tube with the main tube.

Preferably, the filter comprises a filter housing and a housing; the periphery of the filter cover is connected with the inner wall of the shell to divide the inner part of the shell into an upper cavity and a lower cavity; the upper cavity and the lower cavity are respectively communicated with the blood return pipe.

Preferably, the device also comprises a scraper and an aspirator; the scraper comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of scraping blades, the rotating shaft penetrates through the top wall of the shell and extends into the upper cavity, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the top wall of the shell; one side surface of each scraping blade is attached to the inner side wall of the filter cover, and the other side surface of each scraping blade is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft through a connecting rod; the suction device comprises a push-pull pipe, an isolation cover and a bell mouth, the push-pull pipe penetrates through the bottom wall of the shell and extends into the lower cavity, and the push-pull pipe can move up and down and be inserted into the bottom wall of the shell; the isolation cover is communicated with one end of the push-pull pipe extending into the lower cavity and used for covering the filter cover; the big mouth of horn mouth connects up in the push-and-pull pipe, and the cover is equipped with the elastic component on the osculum of horn mouth, and this elastic component can tighten up the osculum of horn mouth under normal hydraulic pressure, and can loosen the osculum of horn mouth under the negative pressure suction effect.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the two ends of the blood return pipe are respectively communicated with the dialysis pipes, and the blood return pipe and the main pipe or the dialysis pipes and the main pipe can be communicated through the control switch, compared with the prior art, the main pipe integrates drainage and backflow functions, so that blood needing dialysis drainage can flush the blood which stays in the main pipe in the previous round and does not flow back into a human body into the hemodialysis machine again for filtration, the blood after dialysis in the previous round is not remained except the blood return pipe in the hemodialysis process, the blood remained in the hemodialysis process is reduced, and the possibility of forming thrombus is reduced; meanwhile, the filter is arranged on the blood return pipe, so that thrombus in returned blood can be filtered, the thrombus in front of the pump is prevented from directly entering a human body, and the safety is improved.

2. Can drive the doctor-bar through rotatory pivot and use the pivot to do circular motion as the center, can strike off the thrombus of jam in the filter screen of filter mantle, simultaneously because the cage cover filter can make the thrombus of striking off the drop not diffuse, the elastic component also can tighten up the osculum of horn mouth under normal hydraulic pressure in order to prevent that blood from leaking. During the use, the accessible syringe is connected the push-and-pull pipe and is inhaled the thrombus in the cage in the outer one end suction of casing, and this thrombus mixed blood struts the osculum of horn mouth under the negative pressure appeal effect, later gets into in the syringe through the push-and-pull pipe to prevent that the filter from using for a long time and leading to the filtration pore of filter mantle by the thrombus jam, improve life.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an anti-thrombotic circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a filter of the anti-thrombotic circuit of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of an anti-thrombotic circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a filter of the anti-thrombotic circuit of the embodiment of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the filter of the anti-thrombotic circuit of the embodiment of FIG. 3 in use;

FIG. 6 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the filter of the anti-thrombotic circuit of the embodiment of FIG. 3 in use;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the anti-thrombotic catheter scraper of the embodiment of FIG. 3;

figure 8 is an exploded view of the resilient member of the anti-thrombotic circuit of the embodiment of figure 3.

The reference numbers in the figures are: 1. a dialysis tube; 2. (ii) a return blood vessel; 31. a pipe clamp; 32. a T-shaped three-way valve; 4. a filter; 41. a filter housing; 42. a housing; 421. an upper chamber; 422. a lower cavity; 5. a scraper; 51. a rotating shaft; 511. a knob; 52. scraping a blade; 53. a connecting rod; 6. an aspirator; 61. pushing and pulling the pipe; 611. a positioning cover; 62. an isolation cover; 63. a bell mouth; 631. an elastic member; 632. an annular groove; 7. an injector; 8. a manifold.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to exemplary embodiments in the drawings. It should be understood, however, that the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "lateral," "longitudinal," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the scope of the invention.

Aiming at the defect that thrombus directly enters a human body before a pump in the prior art. After careful analysis, the inventor finds that the above problems occur in the existing hemodialysis line mainly because the blood staying in the blood return line during hemodialysis may generate tiny thrombus, and the blood return line lacks the protection of a filter screen. Based on the above analysis, the inventors have made structural improvements to existing hemodialysis lines.

Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment of the anti-thrombus circuit of the present invention, the anti-thrombus circuit comprises a dialysis tube 1, a blood return tube 2 and a control switch; the hemodialysis machine is used for filtering blood in a body, the hemodialysis machine is used for draining the blood in the body from an artery to the outside of the body, two ends of the blood return pipe 2 are respectively communicated with the hemodialysis machine 1, a filter 4 is arranged on the blood return pipe 2, and the filter 4 is used for filtering thrombus in the blood returned from the hemodialysis machine; in addition, the control switch is three tube clamps 31, two of the three tube clamps 31 are respectively arranged at two ends of the blood return tube 2, and the rest tube is arranged on the dialysis tube 1. When in use, the tube clamps 31 at the two ends of the blood return tube 2 are closed, and the tube clamp 31 of the dialysis tube 1 is opened, so that the dialysis tube 1 and the main tube 8 can be communicated, and blood in a body is drained to the hemodialysis machine along the dialysis tube 1; opening the tube clamps 31 at the two ends of the blood return tube 2 and closing the tube clamps 31 of the dialysis tube 1 can communicate the blood return tube 2 with the main tube 8 to enable the dialyzed blood to flow back along the blood return tube 2.

Referring to fig. 2, the filter 4 of the present embodiment includes a filter casing 41 and a housing 42; the filter cover 41 is in a flat-bottomed inverted cone shape, a plurality of fine square filter holes are uniformly distributed and arranged on the side wall of the filter cover 41, and the large-opening peripheral edge of the filter cover 41 is hermetically connected with the upper edge of the inner side wall of the shell 42 so as to divide the interior of the shell 42 into an upper cavity 421 and a lower cavity 422; the upper chamber 421 and the lower chamber 422 are respectively connected to the blood vessel 2.

Referring to fig. 3, in another embodiment of the anti-thrombus circuit of the present invention, the anti-thrombus circuit comprises a dialysis tube 1, a blood return tube 2 and a control switch; the hemodialysis machine is used for filtering blood in a body, the hemodialysis machine is used for draining the blood in the body from an artery to the outside of the body, two ends of the blood return pipe 2 are respectively communicated with the hemodialysis machine 1, a filter 4 is arranged on the blood return pipe 2, and the filter 4 is used for filtering thrombus in the blood returned from the hemodialysis machine; the control switches are two T-shaped three-way valves 32T, and both ends of the blood return tube 2 are connected to the dialysis tube 1 through the two T-shaped three-way valves 32T, respectively. When in use, the two T-shaped three-way valves 32T are controlled to close the two ends of the blood return pipe 2 and communicate the dialysis pipe 1 and the header pipe 8, so that the blood in the body can be drained to the hemodialysis machine along the dialysis pipe 1; the return vessel 2 and the main tube 8 can be communicated by controlling the two T-shaped three-way valves 32T to open the two ends of the return vessel 2 and close the dialysis tube 1, so that the dialyzed blood flows back along the return vessel 2.

Referring to fig. 4 to 8, the filter 4 of the present embodiment includes a filter casing 41 and a housing 42; the filter cover 41 is cylindrical, a plurality of fine circular filter holes are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the filter cover 41, and the upper edge of the filter cover 41 is hermetically connected to the inner top wall of the shell 42 so as to divide the interior of the shell 42 into an upper cavity 421 and a lower cavity 422; the upper chamber 421 and the lower chamber 422 are respectively connected to the blood vessel 2.

On the basis, in order to solve the problem that the long-term use of the filter 4 can cause the filter holes of the filter cover 41 to be easily blocked by thrombus, the thrombus pipeline of the embodiment also comprises a scraper 5 and an aspirator 6; the scraper 5 further comprises a rotating shaft 51 and two scraping blades 52, the rotating shaft 51 coaxially penetrates through the top wall of the shell 42 and extends into the upper chamber 421, and the rotating shaft 51 is rotatably connected to the middle part of the top wall of the shell 42; the two scraping sheets 52 are symmetrically arranged in the upper chamber 421 at two sides of the rotating shaft 51, one opposite side of the two scraping sheets 52 is attached to the inner side wall of the filter cover 41, one opposite side of the two scraping sheets 52 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 51 through a connecting rod 53, and when the filter is used, the rotating shaft 51 can be rotated to drive the two scraping sheets 52 to do circular motion by taking the rotating shaft 51 as the center, so that thrombus blocked in the filter hole of the filter cover 41 can be scraped; in addition, the aspirator 6 comprises a push-pull tube 61, a shielding cover 62 and a bell mouth 63, wherein the push-pull tube 61 coaxially penetrates through the bottom wall of the shell 42 and extends into the lower cavity 422, and the push-pull tube 61 can be inserted in the bottom wall of the shell 42 in an up-and-down movement manner; one end of the push-pull tube 61 in the shell 42 is communicated with the isolation cover 62, the isolation cover 62 covers the filter cover 41 and scrapes thrombus blocked in the filter hole of the filter cover 41, and then the injector 7 is used for connecting the push-pull tube 61 with one end outside the shell 42 to draw out scattered and floating thrombus. The bell mouth 63 is made of latex and has certain elasticity, the large mouth of the bell mouth 63 is upwards connected in the push-pull pipe 61 in a sealing manner, the small mouth of the bell mouth 63 is sleeved with an elastic part 631, and specifically, the elastic part 631 can be a spring ring or a latex ring. When in use, the elastic part 631 can tighten the small opening of the bell mouth 63 under normal hydraulic pressure to prevent blood from leaking, and the elastic part 631 can release the small opening of the bell mouth 63 under the negative pressure suction effect of the syringe 7 to smoothly extract thrombus.

Furthermore, the rotating shaft 51 and the push-pull tube 61 can be connected with the shell 42 through sleeved sealing rings, so that the sealing performance of the rotating shaft 51 rotatably connected to the top wall of the shell 42 and the push-pull tube 61 movably inserted in the bottom wall of the shell 42 is improved, and blood is prevented from leaking out of the shell 42; correspondingly, a sealing gasket can be fixedly connected to the edge of the opening of the isolation cover 62, so that the sealing performance of the isolation cover 62 on the filter cover 41 is improved, and thrombus is prevented from leaking out of the isolation cover 62.

Furthermore, in order to prevent the elastic member 631 from moving downward along the axial direction of the bell mouth 63 to separate from the bell mouth 63 when the small opening of the bell mouth 63 is opened, an annular groove 632 may be formed on the small opening of the bell mouth 63 along the circumferential direction, and the elastic member 631 may be axially clamped in the annular groove 632.

On the basis, a knob 511 can be coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 51 outside the shell 42, so that the rotating shaft 51 can be conveniently rotated.

Since the spacer 62 covers the filter 41 by pressing the push-pull tube 61 while inserting the nipple of the syringe 7 into the push-pull tube 61, and the syringe 7 is easily displaced and separated from the push-pull tube 61 by an excessive pressing force, the positioning cover 611 covering the syringe 7 can be provided at the end of the push-pull tube 61 outside the housing 42, so that the area of contact with the syringe 7 can be increased, and the syringe 7 can be prevented from being displaced.

The use method or the working principle of the invention is as follows:

the two ends of the blood return pipe 2 are closed through the control switch and communicated with the dialysis pipe 1 and the header pipe 8, then blood in vivo is led out from an artery by using a blood pump and is drained to an extracorporeal hemodialysis machine through the dialysis pipe 1 and the header pipe 8, after metabolic waste in the blood is filtered and removed by the hemodialysis machine, the dialysis pipe 1 is closed through the control switch and the two ends of the blood return pipe 2 are opened to be communicated with the blood return pipe 2 and the header pipe 8, and finally the dialyzed blood is conveyed through the header pipe 8 and the blood return pipe 2, filtered through the filter 4 and then returned to a human body from veins.

It should be understood that all the above embodiments are exemplary rather than limiting, and that various modifications or changes in the specific embodiments described above, which are within the spirit of the invention, should be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. Prevent thrombus pipeline, its characterized in that: comprises a dialysis tube (1), a blood return tube (2) and a control switch; two ends of the blood return pipe (2) are respectively communicated with the dialysis pipe (1), and a filter (4) for filtering thrombus in the returned blood is arranged on the blood return pipe (2); the control switch is arranged on the dialysis tube (1) and the blood return tube (2) to be communicated with the blood return tube (2) and the main tube (8) or to be communicated with the dialysis tube (1) and the main tube (8).

2. The anti-thrombotic circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the control switch is three pipe clamps (31), two of the three pipe clamps (31) are respectively arranged at two ends of the blood return pipe (2), and the rest is arranged on the dialysis pipe (1).

3. The anti-thrombotic circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the control switch is two T-shaped three-way valves (32T), and two ends of the blood return pipe (2) are respectively communicated with the dialysis pipe (1) through the T-shaped three-way valves (32T).

4. The anti-thrombotic circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the filter (4) comprises a filter casing (41) and a housing (42); the periphery of the filter cover (41) is connected with the inner wall of the shell (42) to divide the interior of the shell (42) into an upper cavity (421) and a lower cavity (422); the upper cavity (421) and the lower cavity (422) are respectively communicated with the blood vessel (2).

5. The anti-thrombotic circuit according to claim 4, wherein: also comprises a scraper (5) and a suction device (6); the scraper (5) comprises a rotating shaft (51) and a plurality of scraping blades (52), the rotating shaft (51) penetrates through the top wall of the shell (42) and extends into the upper cavity (421), and the rotating shaft (51) is rotatably connected to the top wall of the shell (42); one side surface of the scraping blades (52) is attached to the inner side wall of the filter cover (41), and the other side surface of the scraping blades (52) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (51) through a connecting rod (53); the aspirator (6) comprises a push-pull pipe (61), an isolation cover (62) and a bell mouth (63), wherein the push-pull pipe (61) penetrates through the bottom wall of the shell (42) and extends into the lower cavity (422), and the push-pull pipe (61) can move up and down and be inserted into the bottom wall of the shell (42); the isolation cover (62) is communicated with one end, extending into the lower cavity (422), of the push-pull pipe (61) and is used for covering the filter cover (41); the macrostoma of horn mouth (63) is connected up in push-and-pull pipe (61), and the cover is equipped with elastic component (631) on the osculum of horn mouth (63), and this elastic component (631) can tighten up the osculum of horn mouth (63) under normal hydraulic pressure, and can loosen the osculum of horn mouth (63) under the negative pressure suction effect.

6. The anti-thrombotic circuit according to claim 5, wherein: the elastic piece (631) is a spring ring or a latex ring.

7. The anti-thrombotic circuit according to claim 5, wherein: the rotating shaft (51) and the push-pull pipe (61) are connected with the shell (42) through sleeved sealing rings, and a sealing gasket is arranged on the edge of an opening of the isolation cover (62).

8. The anti-thrombotic circuit according to claim 5, wherein: annular groove (632) have been seted up along circumference to the osculum of horn mouth (63), elastic component (631) axial joint is in annular groove (632).

9. The anti-thrombotic circuit according to claim 5, wherein: and a knob (511) is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft (51) outside the shell (42).

10. The anti-thrombotic circuit according to claim 5, wherein: and a positioning cover (611) is arranged at one end of the push-pull pipe (61) outside the shell (42).