CN115752147A - Method for repairing non-cylindricity defect of steam turbine rotor shaft neck - Google Patents

Method for repairing non-cylindricity defect of steam turbine rotor shaft neck Download PDF

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CN115752147A
CN115752147A CN202211495466.4A CN202211495466A CN115752147A CN 115752147 A CN115752147 A CN 115752147A CN 202211495466 A CN202211495466 A CN 202211495466A CN 115752147 A CN115752147 A CN 115752147A
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journal
rotor
straightness
supporting plate
hoop
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CN115752147B (en
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迟立君
邵阳
屈靖
许超
许春辉
王更阳
杨宙
张良
李超
姜春轩
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Datang Haikou Clean Energy Power Generation Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种汽轮机转子轴颈不柱度缺陷修复方法,所述修复方法包括如下步骤:S1、测量转子修复前直径尺寸及直线度并划分出转子轴颈维修区域;S2、将专用打磨工装安装于轴颈维修区域对转子轴颈进行研磨、抛光;S3、转子轴颈修复完工后,拆除打磨工装,用外径千分尺测量轴颈尺寸,确保转子轴颈直径尺寸满足公差要求;S4、安装轴瓦,通过测量工具测量转子轴颈不同相位下的直线度及端面圆跳动,确保直线度及端面圆跳动尺寸满足公差要求。本发明能够在不返厂维修的情况下对转子轴颈不柱度进行修复,确保使用精度,具有周期短、成本低的优点。

Figure 202211495466

The present invention provides a method for repairing non-cylindrical defect of steam turbine rotor journal. The repair method includes the following steps: S1, measuring the diameter and straightness of the rotor before repair and dividing the rotor journal maintenance area; S2, applying special grinding tooling Installed in the journal maintenance area to grind and polish the rotor journal; S3. After the repair of the rotor journal, remove the grinding tooling and measure the journal size with an outer micrometer to ensure that the diameter of the rotor journal meets the tolerance requirements; S4. Installation For the bearing bush, the straightness and end face circular runout of the rotor journal under different phases are measured by measuring tools to ensure that the straightness and end face circular runout meet the tolerance requirements. The invention can repair the non-cylindricity of the rotor shaft journal without returning to the factory for maintenance, ensures the use accuracy, and has the advantages of short period and low cost.

Figure 202211495466

Description

一种汽轮机转子轴颈不柱度缺陷修复方法A method for repairing non-cylindrical defect of steam turbine rotor journal

技术领域technical field

本发明主要涉及汽轮机修复相关技术领域,具体是一种汽轮机转子轴颈不柱度缺陷修复方法。The invention mainly relates to the related technical field of steam turbine repair, in particular to a method for repairing non-cylindrical defects of a steam turbine rotor journal.

背景技术Background technique

汽轮机用于发电项目中,位于发电机和凝汽器之间,汽机高压端出轴,汽机轴与发电机轴采用自同步联轴器连接。实际使用过程中需要定期对汽轮机的关键出厂数据进行检查。当中低压转子电端轴颈不柱度存在偏差时,需要及时进行修复。如本申请的申请人在对项目中中低压转子电端轴颈测量时发现,中低压转子电端轴颈不柱度0.045mm,其超出规定的0.02mm,属于严重偏差,因此需要及时处理。The steam turbine is used in power generation projects and is located between the generator and the condenser. The high-pressure end of the steam turbine is output from the shaft, and the shaft of the steam turbine and the generator shaft are connected by a self-synchronizing coupling. During actual use, it is necessary to regularly check the key factory data of the steam turbine. When there is a deviation in the cylindricity of the journal of the electric end of the medium and low voltage rotors, it needs to be repaired in time. For example, the applicant of this application found that the journal of the electric end of the middle and low voltage rotors in the project was not cylindrical by 0.045mm, which exceeded the specified 0.02mm, which is a serious deviation, so it needs to be dealt with in time.

在现有技术中,遇不柱度问题,处理方案为返厂或寻找当地大型机加工厂车削处理,并重新装配轴瓦。如调查发现,电厂A,1号机在新装机过程中,轴颈不柱度不合格,主机厂现场修复未达到规程要求,最终仍返厂处理,返厂后车削轴颈并重新装配轴瓦,主机厂承诺未来提供非标轴瓦备件。In the prior art, if the problem of cylindricity is encountered, the solution is to return to the factory or find a local large-scale machining factory for turning, and reassemble the bearing bush. If the investigation finds that during the new installation process of power plant A and No. 1 unit, the shaft journal is not up to standard, and the on-site repair of the main engine factory does not meet the requirements of the regulations, and it is still returned to the factory for processing. After returning to the factory, the journal is turned and the bearing shell is reassembled. The OEM promises to provide non-standard bearing bush spare parts in the future.

上述处理方案中,需要现场对中低压缸解体,将中低压转子返厂车削处理,车削后根据修复后轴颈尺寸,从新装配轴瓦,会导致时间周期长,成本极高,估算成本约为100万,周期约65天。因需要现场主机安装工作全面停工,因此可行性较小。故而本申请的申请人提出采用手动打磨的方式对不柱度问题进行修复。而在打磨过程中,如直接采用砂纸打磨,难以控制角度和力度,修复后的情况无法把控,且轴承室的空间较小,打磨空间不够,可行性较低,因此需要设计一种有效的修复方式,以解决汽轮机转轴轴颈不柱度缺陷问题。In the above treatment plan, it is necessary to dismantle the medium and low pressure cylinders on site, return the medium and low pressure rotors to the factory for turning, and reassemble the bearing bushes according to the size of the repaired journal after turning, which will lead to a long time period and extremely high cost. The estimated cost is about 100 Ten thousand, the cycle is about 65 days. It is less feasible because it requires a complete shutdown of the on-site host installation work. Therefore, the applicant of the present application proposes to repair the non-columnar problem by manual grinding. In the grinding process, if sandpaper is directly used for grinding, it is difficult to control the angle and strength, and the situation after repairing cannot be controlled, and the space of the bearing room is small, the grinding space is not enough, and the feasibility is low. Therefore, it is necessary to design an effective The repair method is to solve the problem of non-cylindrical defects of the shaft journal of the steam turbine.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为解决目前技术的不足,本发明结合现有技术,从实际应用出发,提供一种汽轮机转子轴颈不柱度缺陷修复方法,其能够在不返厂维修的情况下对转子轴颈不柱度进行修复,确保使用精度,具有周期短、成本低的优点。In order to solve the deficiencies of the current technology, the present invention combines the existing technology and proceeds from practical applications to provide a method for repairing the non-cylindrical defect of the rotor journal of a steam turbine, which can repair the non-cylindrical defect of the rotor journal without returning to the factory for maintenance. It is repaired to ensure the accuracy of use, and has the advantages of short cycle and low cost.

为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

一种汽轮机转子轴颈不柱度缺陷修复方法,所述修复方法包括如下步骤:A method for repairing non-cylindrical defects of a steam turbine rotor journal, said repair method comprising the following steps:

S1、测量转子修复前直径尺寸及直线度并划分出转子轴颈维修区域;S1. Measure the diameter and straightness of the rotor before repair and divide the repair area of the rotor journal;

S2、将专用打磨工装安装于轴颈维修区域对转子轴颈进行研磨、抛光,S2. Install the special grinding tool in the journal maintenance area to grind and polish the rotor journal,

其中,所述打磨工装包括两个独立的半环抱箍,两个半环抱箍内圆面上贴敷砂纸,两个半环抱箍通过缠绕于外圆面上的绑紧带固紧,每个半环抱箍上连接有拉绳,由操作人员拉动拉绳转动半环抱箍对转子轴颈研磨;Wherein, the grinding tooling includes two independent half-ring hoops, sandpaper is pasted on the inner circle of the two half-ring hoops, and the two half-ring hoops are fastened by a binding belt wound on the outer circle. There is a pull rope connected to the hoop, and the operator pulls the rope to rotate the half hoop to grind the rotor journal;

S3、转子轴颈修复完工后,拆除打磨工装,用外径千分尺测量轴颈尺寸,确保转子轴颈直径尺寸满足公差要求;S3. After the repair of the rotor journal is completed, the grinding tool is removed, and the journal size is measured with an outer micrometer to ensure that the diameter of the rotor journal meets the tolerance requirements;

S4、安装轴瓦,通过测量工具测量转子轴颈不同相位下的直线度及端面圆跳动,确保直线度及端面圆跳动尺寸满足公差要求,S4. Install the bearing bush, and measure the straightness and end face circular runout of the rotor journal under different phases with measuring tools to ensure that the straightness and end face circular runout meet the tolerance requirements.

其中,所述测量工具包括设置于转子一侧的导轨组以及靠表,所述靠表安装于导轨组上,所述导轨组安装于轴承座中分面上。Wherein, the measuring tool includes a set of guide rails arranged on one side of the rotor and a gauge, the gauge is mounted on the set of guide rails, and the set of guide rails is mounted on the middle surface of the bearing seat.

进一步,步骤S2具体包括:Further, step S2 specifically includes:

S21、在两个半环抱箍内分别安装120目砂纸,将半环抱箍架设在转子轴颈上,通过绑紧带将两个半环抱箍箍紧到合适力度;S21. Install 120-mesh sandpaper in the two half-ring hoops respectively, erect the half-ring hoops on the rotor shaft journal, and tighten the two half-ring hoops to a suitable strength with a tightening belt;

S22、两个操作人员在转子两侧同时往复拉动拉绳带动半环抱箍均匀旋转,通过砂纸对转子轴颈研磨,研磨过程中监控半环抱箍箍紧力度,力度不足时及时增加箍紧力;S22. Two operators reciprocally pull the pull rope on both sides of the rotor to drive the half-ring hoop to rotate evenly, and grind the rotor journal with sandpaper. During the grinding process, monitor the tightening force of the half-ring hoop, and increase the tightening force in time if the strength is insufficient;

S23、每5分钟松开绑紧带,测量研磨区域轴颈尺寸,若尺寸未达到设定尺寸,更换新砂纸继续研磨直至轴颈尺寸达到设定尺寸;S23. Loosen the binding belt every 5 minutes, measure the size of the journal in the grinding area, if the size does not reach the set size, replace with new sandpaper and continue grinding until the size of the journal reaches the set size;

S24、更换砂纸型号为150目,重复研磨过程,轴向反复移动半环抱箍,直至轴颈表面光洁度达到Ra0.4。S24. Change the type of sandpaper to 150 mesh, repeat the grinding process, and move the half ring hoop repeatedly in the axial direction until the surface finish of the journal reaches Ra0.4.

进一步,步骤S21中,控制绑紧带箍紧力度,使其在轴颈锥度大端位置箍紧力度稍大于锥度小端位置,整段箍紧力度以操作者稍用力可推动抱箍旋转为宜。Further, in step S21, control the tightening strength of the binding band so that the tightening strength at the large end of the taper of the journal is slightly greater than that at the small end of the taper. .

进一步,步骤S22中,每次拉动要求半环抱箍转角不小于120度,转动频率约为每分钟30次。Further, in step S22, each pull requires that the half-circle hoop has a rotation angle of not less than 120 degrees, and the rotation frequency is about 30 times per minute.

进一步,所述半环抱箍材质为尼龙。Further, the material of the half ring hoop is nylon.

进一步,在每个半环抱箍上还设置有多道压紧槽,所述压紧槽沿半环抱箍外圆面轮廓设置,所述绑紧带缠绕于所述压紧槽内。Further, multiple pressing grooves are provided on each half-encircling hoop, and the pressing grooves are arranged along the contour of the outer circular surface of the half-encircling hoop, and the binding band is wound in the pressing grooves.

进一步,所述砂纸长度满足:由半环抱箍内圆面向外延伸至半环抱箍的中分平面处,从而可通过设置于中分平面处的压板将砂纸固定,压板与半环抱箍的中分平面处通过紧固螺钉连接。Further, the length of the sandpaper satisfies: extending from the inner circle of the half-ring hoop to the mid-section plane of the half-ring hoop, so that the sandpaper can be fixed by the pressing plate arranged at the mid-section plane, and the mid-section of the pressing plate and the half-ring hoop The planes are connected by fastening screws.

进一步,所述测量工具具体包括过渡板、导轨、托板以及靠表,过渡板设置于转子一侧并固定连接在轴承座中分面上,导轨通过螺栓固定连接于过渡板,托板与导轨滑动配合,靠表设置于托板上;Further, the measuring tool specifically includes a transition plate, a guide rail, a supporting plate and a table. The transition plate is arranged on one side of the rotor and fixedly connected to the middle surface of the bearing housing. The guide rail is fixedly connected to the transition plate by bolts. The supporting plate and the guide rail Sliding fit, the table is set on the supporting plate;

在步骤S4中,以转子轴颈两侧推力盘外圆为基准测量修复后的轴颈外圆直线度,测量过程中先调整托板使其与转子轴线平行,再通过靠表测量直线度。In step S4, measure the straightness of the outer circle of the repaired journal on the basis of the outer circles of the thrust discs on both sides of the rotor journal. During the measurement process, first adjust the supporting plate to make it parallel to the rotor axis, and then measure the straightness by means of a table.

进一步,步骤S4中,测量方法具体包括如下步骤:Further, in step S4, the measurement method specifically includes the following steps:

S41、在两侧推力盘外圆任意取一点,点A及点B,AB两点距离为L0,测量这两点外圆直径,分别记为A0、B0,计算其差值并除以2,记为C0;S41. Take any point on the outer circle of the thrust disc on both sides, point A and point B, the distance between AB and AB is L0, measure the diameter of the outer circle of these two points, record them as A0 and B0 respectively, calculate the difference and divide it by 2, denoted as C0;

S42、将过渡板通过连接螺栓安装在轴承座中分面上;S42. Install the transition plate on the middle surface of the bearing housing through the connecting bolts;

S43、将导轨架设在过渡板上,靠表吸附在托板表面,控制靠表与转子距离使得表针与转子表面接触;S43. Erect the guide rail on the transition plate, attach the watch to the surface of the supporting plate, and control the distance between the watch and the rotor so that the watch needle is in contact with the surface of the rotor;

S44、通过固定螺栓微微将导轨固定,以手动摇动托板时靠表读数不会大幅度变动为准;S44. Slightly fix the guide rail through the fixing bolts, and the reading on the meter will not change greatly when the pallet is manually shaken;

S45、推动托板沿导轨运动,将靠表指针接触在一侧推力盘点A处,并清零靠表读数;S45. Push the supporting plate to move along the guide rail, touch the pointer of the gauge on one side of the thrust inventory A, and clear the reading of the gauge;

S46、推动托板沿导轨运动,将靠表指针接触在另一侧推力盘点B处,记录靠表读数为D0;S46. Push the supporting plate to move along the guide rail, touch the pointer of the gauge to the thrust inventory B on the other side, and record the reading of the gauge as D0;

S47、计算出托板与转子轴线平行度偏差值,记录为E0,E0=ARCTAN((D0-C0)/L0);S47. Calculate the deviation value of the parallelism between the supporting plate and the rotor axis, and record it as E0, E0=ARCTAN((D0-C0)/L0);

S48、通过铜棒敲击导轨使其摆动一定角度,继续推动托板以点A为0点观测B点靠表读数,重复上述操作,直至靠表读数D0=C0;S48. Tap the guide rail with a copper rod to make it swing at a certain angle, continue to push the supporting plate and take point A as 0 to observe the reading on the meter at point B, and repeat the above operations until the reading on the meter is D0=C0;

S49、对称拧紧导轨连接螺栓;S49. Tighten the guide rail connecting bolts symmetrically;

S410、继续推动托板以点A为零点观测B点靠表读数,确认此时托板平行度与转子轴线平行;S410. Continue to push the supporting plate and take point A as the zero point to observe the reading on the meter at point B, and confirm that the parallelism of the supporting plate is parallel to the axis of the rotor at this time;

S411、将靠表指针与轴颈外圆接触,以最左侧外圆为零点,推动托板测量整段轴颈外圆靠表读数跳动,最大值即为直线度偏差值;S411. Bring the pointer of the gauge into contact with the outer circle of the journal, and take the leftmost outer circle as the zero point, push the supporting plate to measure the reading jump of the gauge on the outer circle of the journal, and the maximum value is the straightness deviation value;

S412、转动转子,测量不同相位的轴颈直线度。S412. Rotate the rotor, and measure the journal straightness of different phases.

进一步,步骤S412中,以30度为单位转动转子测量360度12个相位的转子轴颈的直线度,保证12个相位的转子轴颈直线度均满足设计尺寸。Further, in step S412, the rotor is rotated in units of 30 degrees to measure the straightness of the rotor journals of 360 degrees and 12 phases, so as to ensure that the straightness of the rotor journals of the 12 phases all meet the design dimensions.

本发明的有益效果:Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1、本发明首次提出通过手动打磨的方式解决汽轮机转子轴颈不柱度问题,配合设计的专用打磨工装,能够快速、高精度的完成转子轴颈的研磨,使其满足尺寸要求,实践证明,通过本发明提供的方法,不需要接缸修复,又能保证打磨精度和效果。1. For the first time, the present invention proposes to solve the non-cylindrical problem of the steam turbine rotor journal by manual grinding. With the design of special grinding tooling, the grinding of the rotor journal can be completed quickly and with high precision, so that it can meet the size requirements. Practice has proved that, Through the method provided by the invention, the repairing of the cylinder is not required, and the grinding accuracy and effect can be guaranteed.

2、本发明提供的修复方法配合专用打磨工装的设计,在转子轴承修复中,整体成本小,能够保证打磨精度,通过提供的专用测量工具和测量方法,能够实现转子轴颈修复后的高精度、快速测量,以保证测量尺寸的可靠性。2. The repair method provided by the present invention cooperates with the design of the special grinding tool. In the repair of the rotor bearing, the overall cost is small and the grinding accuracy can be guaranteed. Through the provided special measuring tools and measuring methods, the high precision of the repaired rotor journal can be realized , Fast measurement to ensure the reliability of the measurement size.

附图说明Description of drawings

附图1为本发明修复方法步骤图;Accompanying drawing 1 is a step diagram of the repair method of the present invention;

附图2为本发明打磨工装结构示意图一;Accompanying drawing 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding tool of the present invention;

附图3为本发明打磨工装结构示意图二;Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural schematic diagram II of the grinding tool of the present invention;

附图4为本发明测量工具结构示意图。Accompanying drawing 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the measuring tool of the present invention.

附图中所示标号:Labels shown in the accompanying drawings:

1、半环抱箍;2、砂纸;3、压板;4、把手;5、压紧槽;6、紧固螺钉。1. Half ring hoop; 2. Sandpaper; 3. Press plate; 4. Handle; 5. Compression groove; 6. Fastening screw.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

结合附图和具体实施例,对本发明作进一步说明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解,在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所限定的范围。The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined in the present application.

本实施例提供一种汽轮机转子轴颈不柱度缺陷修复方法,主要用于修复转子轴颈不柱度问题。在本实施例中,修复步骤主要如图1所示。This embodiment provides a method for repairing the non-cylindrical defect of a steam turbine rotor journal, which is mainly used for repairing the non-cylindrical problem of the rotor journal. In this embodiment, the restoration steps are mainly shown in FIG. 1 .

首先,测量转子修复前直径尺寸及直线度并划分出转子轴颈维修区域:First, measure the diameter and straightness of the rotor before repair and divide the repair area of the rotor journal:

现场实测中低压转子电端轴颈不柱度0.045mm,因此存在较大的误差,测量找出具有较大误差的区域作为维修区域进行修复。The on-site measurement of the low-voltage rotor electric end journal does not have a cylindricality of 0.045mm, so there is a large error, and the area with a large error is found out from the measurement as the maintenance area for repair.

其次,通过手动研磨的方式进行修复:Second, repair by manual grinding:

发电机组目前中低压转子已在轴承座中就位,轴承座空间窄小,因此采用研磨抱箍的方式在轴承座中对转子超差部位进行维修,为此本实施例设计有一种专用打磨工装,用于轴颈研磨。At present, the medium and low pressure rotors of the generator set are already in place in the bearing housing, and the space of the bearing housing is narrow. Therefore, the out-of-tolerance parts of the rotor are repaired in the bearing housing by grinding and hooping. For this purpose, a special grinding tool is designed in this embodiment. , for journal grinding.

本实施例提供的专用打磨工装结构如图2、图3所示。The structure of the special grinding tool provided in this embodiment is shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 .

主要包括两个独立的半环抱箍1,半环抱箍1宽度为100mm,内圆与轴颈间隙单边0.5mm,厚度为50mm。在半环抱箍1内圆面上贴敷设置有砂纸2,在每个半环抱箍1的外圆面上设置有一个用于安装绳索的把手4,两个半环抱箍1通过缠绕于半环抱箍1外圆面上的绑紧带固紧。半环抱箍1基体材料为尼龙,可以在研磨中起到保护轴颈的作用,把手4在安装绳索后,由工作人员匀速拉动绳索使半环抱箍1转动进而通过内侧的砂纸2对轴颈表面进行研磨。It mainly includes two independent half-ring hoops 1, the width of the half-ring hoop 1 is 100mm, the gap between the inner circle and the journal is 0.5mm on one side, and the thickness is 50mm. Sandpaper 2 is pasted on the inner surface of the half-ring hoop 1, and a handle 4 for installing a rope is arranged on the outer surface of each half-ring hoop 1. Two half-ring hoops 1 are wrapped around the half-ring The fastening strap on the outer surface of hoop 1 is fastened. The base material of the half ring hoop 1 is nylon, which can protect the journal during grinding. After the handle 4 is installed with the rope, the staff pulls the rope at a constant speed to make the half ring hoop 1 rotate and pass through the inner sandpaper 2 to the journal surface. Grind.

在本实施例中,在每个半环抱箍1上还设置有四道压紧槽5,压紧槽5沿半环抱箍1外圆面轮廓设置,绑紧带设置于压紧槽5内,施工时将专用绑紧带缠绕于压紧槽5中,控制专用绑紧带箍紧力度,可以使紧固压力均匀分布在砂纸2表面,同时起到半环抱箍1上下半轴向对齐定位的作用。In this embodiment, four compression grooves 5 are also provided on each half-encircle hoop 1, the compression grooves 5 are arranged along the outline of the outer circular surface of the half-encircle hoop 1, and the binding belt is arranged in the compression groove 5, During the construction, the special binding belt is wound in the pressing groove 5, and the tightening force of the special binding belt is controlled, so that the fastening pressure can be evenly distributed on the surface of the sandpaper 2, and at the same time, the upper and lower semi-axial alignment of the half ring hoop 1 can be achieved. effect.

在本实施例中,把手4通过紧固件固定连接于半环抱箍1外圆面,把手4设置在半环抱箍1外圆面中心位置,保证研磨过程中受力均匀。In this embodiment, the handle 4 is fixedly connected to the outer circle of the half-ring hoop 1 through fasteners, and the handle 4 is set at the center of the outer circle of the half-ring hoop 1 to ensure uniform force during the grinding process.

在本实施例中,砂纸2通过压板3固定在半环卡箍2内侧面上,具体的,将砂纸2由半环抱箍1内圆面向外延伸至半环抱箍1的中分平面处,中分平面处具有压板3,压板3通过紧固螺钉6固定连接在半环卡箍1上,进而将砂纸2压紧固定,能够确保研磨时砂纸2不会因摩擦系数小在半环抱箍1内打滑。In this embodiment, the sandpaper 2 is fixed on the inner side of the half-ring hoop 2 through the pressure plate 3. Specifically, the sandpaper 2 is extended outward from the inner surface of the half-ring hoop 1 to the middle plane of the half-ring hoop 1, and the middle There is a pressure plate 3 at the parting plane, and the pressure plate 3 is fixedly connected to the half-ring hoop 1 through the fastening screw 6, and then the sandpaper 2 is pressed and fixed, which can ensure that the sandpaper 2 will not be trapped in the half-ring hoop 1 due to the small friction coefficient during grinding. skidding.

本实施例所提供的打磨工装,通过入下工序完成对转子轴颈的打磨。The grinding tool provided in this embodiment completes the grinding of the rotor journal through the following process.

工序1,半环抱箍1上下半分别安装120目砂纸2,将半环抱箍1架设在轴颈待修复区域,通过交叉缠绕绑紧带,控制绑紧带箍紧力度,在轴颈锥度大端位置箍紧力度稍大于锥度小端位置,整段箍紧力度以操作者稍用力可推动抱箍旋转为宜。Process 1, install 120-mesh sandpaper 2 on the upper and lower halves of the half-encircling hoop 1, set up the half-encircling hoop 1 on the area to be repaired on the journal, and control the tightening force of the binding belt by cross-wrapping the tightening bands, at the large end of the taper of the journal The tightening force at this position is slightly greater than that at the small end of the taper, and it is advisable that the clamping force at the entire section can be pushed by the operator to rotate with a little force.

工序2,两人站在转子两侧同时往复拉动把手4带动抱箍均匀旋转,保证运动过程中受力平稳,每次拉动要求抱箍转角不小于120度,转动频率约为每分钟30次,研磨过程中注意监控抱箍紧固程度,如发现抱箍紧力不足及时增加紧力。Process 2. Two people stand on both sides of the rotor and pull the handle 4 back and forth to drive the hoop to rotate evenly to ensure stable force during the movement. Each pull requires the hoop to have a rotation angle of not less than 120 degrees, and the rotation frequency is about 30 times per minute. During the grinding process, pay attention to monitoring the tightness of the hoop, and increase the tightening force in time if the hoop is found to be insufficient.

工序3,每5min松开缠绕专用绑紧带,测量研磨区域轴颈尺寸,若测量尺寸未达到所需尺寸,更换新砂纸,将抱箍重新移至待打磨区域,箍紧绑紧带,继续往复拉动抱箍研磨轴颈,重复上述过程,直至轴颈测量尺寸达到所需尺寸。Step 3, loosen the special binding belt for winding every 5 minutes, measure the journal size of the grinding area, if the measured size does not reach the required size, replace the new sandpaper, move the hoop to the area to be polished, tighten the binding belt, and continue Pull the hoop back and forth to grind the journal, and repeat the above process until the measured size of the journal reaches the required size.

工序4,抛光,更换砂纸型号为150目,重复上述过程,轴向反复移动抱箍,直至轴颈表面光洁度达到Ra0.4。Step 4, polishing, replace the sand paper with 150 mesh, repeat the above process, and move the hoop repeatedly in the axial direction until the surface finish of the journal reaches Ra0.4.

再通过打磨工装将轴颈修复完工后进行检验:首先拆除半环抱箍1,用外径千分尺测量轴颈尺寸,确保修复后转子轴颈直径尺寸,满足公差0.02mm的设计要求。After the journal is repaired by grinding tooling, inspection is carried out: first remove the half ring hoop 1, and measure the journal size with an outer micrometer to ensure that the diameter of the repaired rotor journal meets the design requirements of a tolerance of 0.02mm.

最后,安装轴瓦,采用专用测量工具测量轴颈直线度及端面圆跳动,以30度为单位盘动转子使用转用工具测量360度12个相位的转子轴颈的直线度,确保直线度以及轴颈跳动符合0.02mm设计要求。Finally, install the bearing bush, use a special measuring tool to measure the straightness of the journal and the circular runout of the end face, rotate the rotor in units of 30 degrees, and use a turning tool to measure the straightness of the rotor journal with 12 phases at 360 degrees to ensure the straightness and shaft The neck runout meets the design requirement of 0.02mm.

在本实施例中,为了方便测量以及保证测量精度,设计有一种专用测量工具。In this embodiment, in order to facilitate measurement and ensure measurement accuracy, a special measurement tool is designed.

如图4所示,该测量工具主要包括过渡板7、导轨15、托板8以及靠表9,其中,过渡板7通过过渡板紧固螺钉11安装在轴承座14的中分面上,导轨15通过螺栓10固定在过渡板7上,托板8安装在导轨15上可沿轴向滑动,靠表9吸附安装在托板8上。As shown in Figure 4, the measuring tool mainly includes a transition plate 7, a guide rail 15, a supporting plate 8 and a table 9, wherein the transition plate 7 is installed on the middle parting surface of the bearing seat 14 through the transition plate fastening screw 11, and the guide rail 15 is fixed on the transition plate 7 by bolts 10, the supporting plate 8 is installed on the guide rail 15 and can slide in the axial direction, and is mounted on the supporting plate 8 by the surface 9 adsorption.

由于轴颈外圆及两侧推力盘(图示中推力盘A12、以及推力盘B13)外圆加工时为同一回转基准,这3段外圆轴线理论重合,均为转子本体轴线。因此,现场以两侧推力盘(推力盘A12、以及推力盘B13)外圆为基准是来测量磨削后的轴颈外圆直线度。Since the outer circle of the journal and the thrust plates on both sides (thrust plate A12 and thrust plate B13 in the figure) are processed on the same rotation basis, the axes of the three sections of the outer circle coincide theoretically and are all the axis of the rotor body. Therefore, the outer circle of the thrust discs on both sides (thrust disc A12, and thrust disc B13) is used as a reference on site to measure the straightness of the outer circle of the journal after grinding.

测量工具的测量步骤具体如下。The measurement steps of the measurement tool are as follows.

(1)如图4所示,在两端推力盘(推力盘A12、以及推力盘B13)外圆任意取一点,点A及点B,AB两点距离为L0,测量这两点外圆直径,分别记为A0、B0,计算其差值并除以2,记为C0;(1) As shown in Figure 4, take any point on the outer circle of the thrust discs (thrust disc A12 and thrust disc B13) at both ends, point A and point B, and the distance between AB and AB is L0, and measure the diameter of the outer circle of these two points , respectively recorded as A0, B0, calculate the difference and divide by 2, recorded as C0;

(2)将过渡板7通过过渡板紧固螺钉11安装在轴承座14中分面上;(2) The transition plate 7 is installed on the middle parting surface of the bearing seat 14 through the transition plate fastening screw 11;

(3)将导轨15架设在过渡板7上,靠表9吸附在托板8表面,控制靠表9与转子距离使得表针与转子表面接触;(3) Install the guide rail 15 on the transition plate 7, attach the gauge 9 to the surface of the supporting plate 8, and control the distance between the gauge 9 and the rotor so that the gauge needle contacts the surface of the rotor;

(4)通过螺栓10微微将导轨15固定,以手动摇动托板8时靠表读数不会大幅度变动为准;(4) The guide rail 15 is slightly fixed by the bolt 10, and the reading on the meter will not change greatly when the supporting plate 8 is manually shaken;

(5)推动托板8,将靠表指针接触在一侧推力盘点A处,并清零靠表读数;(5) Push the supporting plate 8, touch the pointer of the meter to the thrust inventory A on one side, and clear the reading of the meter;

(6)推动托板8,将靠表指针接触在另一侧推力盘点B处,记录靠表读数为D0;(6) Push the supporting plate 8, touch the pointer of the meter to the thrust inventory B on the other side, and record the reading of the meter as D0;

(7)此时,可计算出托板8与转子轴线平行度偏差值,记录为E0,E0=ARCTAN((D0-C0)/L0);因此,我们使得靠表读数D0=C0,即可表示此时托板8与转子轴线平行;(7) At this time, the deviation value of the parallelism between the supporting plate 8 and the rotor axis can be calculated, and recorded as E0, E0=ARCTAN((D0-C0)/L0); therefore, we make the reading D0=C0 by means of the meter, that is, Indicates that the supporting plate 8 is parallel to the rotor axis at this time;

(8)通过铜棒敲击导轨15使其摆动一定角度,继续推动托板8以点A为零点观测B点靠表读数,重复上述操作,直至靠表读数D0=C0;(8) Tap the guide rail 15 with a copper rod to make it swing at a certain angle, continue to push the supporting plate 8 and take point A as the zero point to observe the reading on the meter at point B, and repeat the above operations until the reading on the meter is D0=C0;

(9)对称拧紧螺栓10,观测靠表读数;在最终完全拧紧螺栓10前,靠表读数若有变化,继续推动托板8以点A为零点观测B点靠表读数,再次校准托板8平行度,并最终拧紧螺栓10;(9) Tighten the bolts 10 symmetrically, and observe the reading on the meter; before the bolt 10 is fully tightened, if the reading on the meter changes, continue to push the supporting plate 8 with point A as zero and observe the reading on the meter at point B, and calibrate the supporting plate 8 again Parallelism, and finally tighten the bolt 10;

(10)继续推动托板8以点A为零点观测B点靠表读数,确认此时托板8平行度与转子轴线平行;(10) Continue to push the supporting plate 8 and take the point A as the zero point to observe the reading on the meter at point B, and confirm that the parallelism of the supporting plate 8 is parallel to the rotor axis at this time;

(11)将靠表指针与轴颈外圆接触,以最左侧外圆为零点,推动托板8测量整段轴颈外圆靠表读数跳动,最大值即为直线度偏差值;(11) Put the pointer of the gauge in contact with the outer circle of the journal, and take the leftmost outer circle as the zero point, push the supporting plate 8 to measure the reading jump of the gauge on the outer circle of the entire journal, and the maximum value is the straightness deviation value;

(12)盘动转子,可测量不同相位的轴颈直线度。(12) Rotate the rotor to measure the straightness of the journal in different phases.

实际测量过程中,以30度为单位盘动转子使用上述工具测量360度12个相位的转子轴颈的直线度,测量证明,经修复后的转子轴颈直线度、轴颈跳动检测结果符合轴颈直线度0.02mm设计要求。In the actual measurement process, the rotor is rotated at a unit of 30 degrees and the straightness of the rotor journal of 360 degrees and 12 phases is measured with the above tools. The measurement proves that the repaired rotor journal straightness and journal runout test results conform to the shaft The design requirement of neck straightness is 0.02mm.

Claims (10)

1.一种汽轮机转子轴颈不柱度缺陷修复方法,其特征在于,所述修复方法包括如下步骤:1. a steam turbine rotor journal non-cylindrical defect repair method, it is characterized in that, the repair method comprises the steps: S1、测量转子修复前直径尺寸及直线度并划分出转子轴颈维修区域;S1. Measure the diameter and straightness of the rotor before repair and divide the repair area of the rotor journal; S2、将专用打磨工装安装于轴颈维修区域对转子轴颈进行研磨、抛光,S2. Install the special grinding tool in the journal maintenance area to grind and polish the rotor journal, 其中,所述打磨工装包括两个独立的半环抱箍,两个半环抱箍内圆面上贴敷砂纸,两个半环抱箍通过缠绕于外圆面上的绑紧带固紧,每个半环抱箍上连接有拉绳,由操作人员拉动拉绳转动半环抱箍对转子轴颈研磨;Wherein, the grinding tooling includes two independent half-ring hoops, sandpaper is pasted on the inner circle of the two half-ring hoops, and the two half-ring hoops are fastened by a binding belt wound on the outer circle. There is a pull rope connected to the hoop, and the operator pulls the rope to rotate the half hoop to grind the rotor journal; S3、转子轴颈修复完工后,拆除打磨工装,用外径千分尺测量轴颈尺寸,确保转子轴颈直径尺寸满足公差要求;S3. After the repair of the rotor journal is completed, the grinding tool is removed, and the journal size is measured with an outer micrometer to ensure that the diameter of the rotor journal meets the tolerance requirements; S4、安装轴瓦,通过测量工具测量转子轴颈不同相位下的直线度及端面圆跳动,确保直线度及端面圆跳动尺寸满足公差要求,S4. Install the bearing bush, and measure the straightness and end face circular runout of the rotor journal under different phases with measuring tools to ensure that the straightness and end face circular runout meet the tolerance requirements. 其中,所述测量工具包括设置于转子一侧的导轨组以及靠表,所述靠表安装于导轨组上,所述导轨组安装于轴承座中分面上。Wherein, the measuring tool includes a set of guide rails arranged on one side of the rotor and a gauge, the gauge is mounted on the set of guide rails, and the set of guide rails is mounted on the middle surface of the bearing seat. 2.根据权利要求1所述的汽轮机转子轴颈不柱度缺陷修复方法,其特征在于,步骤S2具体包括:2. The steam turbine rotor journal non-cylindrical defect repair method according to claim 1, characterized in that, step S2 specifically comprises: S21、在两个半环抱箍内分别安装120目砂纸,将半环抱箍架设在转子轴颈上,通过绑紧带将两个半环抱箍箍紧到合适力度;S21. Install 120-mesh sandpaper in the two half-ring hoops respectively, erect the half-ring hoops on the rotor journal, and tighten the two half-ring hoops to an appropriate strength with a tightening belt; S22、两个操作人员在转子两侧同时往复拉动拉绳带动半环抱箍均匀旋转,通过砂纸对转子轴颈研磨,研磨过程中监控半环抱箍箍紧力度,力度不足时及时增加箍紧力;S22. Two operators reciprocally pull the pull rope on both sides of the rotor to drive the half-ring hoop to rotate evenly, and grind the rotor journal with sandpaper. During the grinding process, monitor the tightening force of the half-ring hoop, and increase the tightening force in time if the strength is insufficient; S23、每5分钟松开绑紧带,测量研磨区域轴颈尺寸,若尺寸未达到设定尺寸,更换新砂纸继续研磨直至轴颈尺寸达到设定尺寸;S23. Loosen the binding belt every 5 minutes, measure the size of the journal in the grinding area, if the size does not reach the set size, replace with new sandpaper and continue grinding until the size of the journal reaches the set size; S24、更换砂纸型号为150目,重复研磨过程,轴向反复移动半环抱箍,直至轴颈表面光洁度达到Ra0.4。S24. Change the type of sandpaper to 150 mesh, repeat the grinding process, and move the half ring hoop repeatedly in the axial direction until the surface finish of the journal reaches Ra0.4. 3.根据权利要求2所述的汽轮机转子轴颈不柱度缺陷修复方法,其特征在于,步骤S21中,控制绑紧带箍紧力度,使其在轴颈锥度大端位置箍紧力度稍大于锥度小端位置,整段箍紧力度以操作者稍用力可推动抱箍旋转为宜。3. The method for repairing non-cylindrical defect of steam turbine rotor journal according to claim 2, characterized in that, in step S21, the tightening force of the binding band is controlled so that the tightening force at the large end of the taper of the journal is slightly greater than At the position of the small end of the taper, the tightening strength of the entire section should be such that the operator can push the hoop to rotate with a little force. 4.根据权利要求2所述的汽轮机转子轴颈不柱度缺陷修复方法,其特征在于,步骤S22中,每次拉动要求半环抱箍转角不小于120度,转动频率约为每分钟30次。4. The method for repairing non-cylindrical defects of steam turbine rotor journals according to claim 2, characterized in that, in step S22, each pull requires that the half-circle hoop has a rotation angle of not less than 120 degrees, and the rotation frequency is about 30 times per minute. 5.根据权利要求1所述的汽轮机转子轴颈不柱度缺陷修复方法,其特征在于,所述半环抱箍材质为尼龙。5. The method for repairing non-cylindrical defects of steam turbine rotor journal according to claim 1, characterized in that, the material of the half ring hoop is nylon. 6.根据权利要求1所述的汽轮机转子轴颈不柱度缺陷修复方法,其特征在于,在每个半环抱箍上还设置有多道压紧槽,所述压紧槽沿半环抱箍外圆面轮廓设置,所述绑紧带缠绕于所述压紧槽内。6. The method for repairing non-cylindrical defects of steam turbine rotor journals according to claim 1, characterized in that, each half-ring hoop is also provided with multiple compression grooves, and the compression grooves are arranged along the outside of the half-ring hoop. The contour of the circular surface is set, and the binding band is wound in the pressing groove. 7.根据权利要求1所述的汽轮机转子轴颈不柱度缺陷修复方法,其特征在于,所述砂纸长度满足:由半环抱箍内圆面向外延伸至半环抱箍的中分平面处,从而可通过设置于中分平面处的压板将砂纸固定,压板与半环抱箍的中分平面处通过紧固螺钉连接。7. The method for repairing the non-cylindrical defect of the steam turbine rotor journal according to claim 1, wherein the length of the sandpaper satisfies: extending outward from the inner circle of the half-ring hoop to the mid-section plane of the half-ring hoop, so that The sandpaper can be fixed by a pressing plate arranged at the middle split plane, and the pressing plate is connected with the middle split plane of the half hoop by fastening screws. 8.根据权利要求1所述的汽轮机转子轴颈不柱度缺陷修复方法,其特征在于,所述测量工具具体包括过渡板、导轨、托板以及靠表,过渡板设置于转子一侧并固定连接在轴承座中分面上,导轨通过螺栓固定连接于过渡板,托板与导轨滑动配合,靠表设置于托板上;8. The method for repairing the non-cylindrical defect of the steam turbine rotor journal according to claim 1, wherein the measuring tool specifically includes a transition plate, a guide rail, a supporting plate and a table, and the transition plate is arranged on one side of the rotor and fixed Connected to the middle surface of the bearing seat, the guide rail is fixedly connected to the transition plate through bolts, the supporting plate and the guiding rail are slidingly matched, and the table is set on the supporting plate; 在步骤S4中,以转子轴颈两侧推力盘外圆为基准测量修复后的轴颈外圆直线度,测量过程中先调整托板使其与转子轴线平行,再通过靠表测量直线度。In step S4, measure the straightness of the outer circle of the repaired journal on the basis of the outer circles of the thrust discs on both sides of the rotor journal. During the measurement process, first adjust the supporting plate to make it parallel to the rotor axis, and then measure the straightness by means of a table. 9.根据权利要求8所述的汽轮机转子轴颈不柱度缺陷修复方法,其特征在于,步骤S4中,测量方法具体包括如下步骤:9. The steam turbine rotor journal non-cylindrical defect repair method according to claim 8, characterized in that, in step S4, the measuring method specifically comprises the following steps: S41、在两侧推力盘外圆任意取一点,点A及点B,AB两点距离为L0,测量这两点外圆直径,分别记为A0、B0,计算其差值并除以2,记为C0;S41. Take any point on the outer circle of the thrust disc on both sides, point A and point B, the distance between AB and AB is L0, measure the diameter of the outer circle of these two points, record them as A0 and B0 respectively, calculate the difference and divide it by 2, denoted as C0; S42、将过渡板通过连接螺栓安装在轴承座中分面上;S42. Install the transition plate on the middle surface of the bearing housing through the connecting bolts; S43、将导轨架设在过渡板上,靠表吸附在托板表面,控制靠表与转子距离使得表针与转子表面接触;S43. Erect the guide rail on the transition plate, attach the watch to the surface of the supporting plate, and control the distance between the watch and the rotor so that the watch needle is in contact with the surface of the rotor; S44、通过固定螺栓微微将导轨固定,以手动摇动托板时靠表读数不会大幅度变动为准;S44. Slightly fix the guide rail through the fixing bolts, and the reading on the meter will not change greatly when the pallet is manually shaken; S45、推动托板沿导轨运动,将靠表指针接触在一侧推力盘点A处,并清零靠表读数;S45. Push the supporting plate to move along the guide rail, touch the pointer of the gauge on one side of the thrust inventory A, and clear the reading of the gauge; S46、推动托板沿导轨运动,将靠表指针接触在另一侧推力盘点B处,记录靠表读数为D0;S46. Push the supporting plate to move along the guide rail, touch the pointer of the gauge to the thrust inventory B on the other side, and record the reading of the gauge as D0; S47、计算出托板与转子轴线平行度偏差值,记录为E0,S47. Calculate the deviation value of the parallelism between the supporting plate and the rotor axis, and record it as E0, E0=ARCTAN((D0-C0)/L0);E0=ARCTAN((D0-C0)/L0); S48、通过铜棒敲击导轨使其摆动一定角度,继续推动托板以点A为0点观测B点靠表读数,重复上述操作,直至靠表读数D0=C0;S48. Tap the guide rail with a copper rod to make it swing at a certain angle, continue to push the supporting plate and take point A as 0 to observe the reading on the meter at point B, and repeat the above operations until the reading on the meter is D0=C0; S49、对称拧紧导轨连接螺栓;S49. Tighten the guide rail connecting bolts symmetrically; S410、继续推动托板以点A为零点观测B点靠表读数,确认此时托板平行度与转子轴线平行;S410. Continue to push the supporting plate and take point A as the zero point to observe the reading on the meter at point B, and confirm that the parallelism of the supporting plate is parallel to the axis of the rotor at this time; S411、将靠表指针与轴颈外圆接触,以最左侧外圆为零点,推动托板测量整段轴颈外圆靠表读数跳动,最大值即为直线度偏差值;S411. Bring the pointer of the gauge into contact with the outer circle of the journal, and take the leftmost outer circle as the zero point, push the supporting plate to measure the reading jump of the gauge on the outer circle of the journal, and the maximum value is the straightness deviation value; S412、转动转子,测量不同相位的轴颈直线度。S412. Rotate the rotor, and measure the journal straightness of different phases. 10.根据权利要求9所述的汽轮机转子轴颈不柱度缺陷修复方法,其特征在于,步骤S412中,以30度为单位转动转子测量360度12个相位的转子轴颈的直线度,保证12个相位的转子轴颈直线度均满足设计尺寸。10. The method for repairing non-cylindrical defect of steam turbine rotor journal according to claim 9, characterized in that, in step S412, the rotor is rotated at a unit of 30 degrees to measure the straightness of the rotor journal with 12 phases at 360 degrees to ensure The straightness of the rotor journals of the 12 phases all meet the design dimensions.
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