CN115751769A - Design method, system and control method of a solar energy heat pump system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a design method, a system and a control method of a solar energy heat pump system, which comprise a host module, and a solar direct expansion heat collection module and a solar direct condensation heat storage module which are arranged in an array manner, wherein the solar direct expansion heat collection module and the solar direct condensation heat storage module are connected through the host module, and the host module, the solar direct expansion heat collection module and the solar direct condensation heat storage module are designed in a type selection manner; the heat pump heating mode and the auxiliary heating mode are switched by monitoring the outdoor solar radiation intensity in real time. Through coupling air source directly congealing heat pump and solar energy directly expand formula heat pump, avoid air source directly congealing the heat pump frosting, the low temperature influence to and the poor problem of solar energy directly expands formula heat pump stability, energy-conserving advantage is showing, and warm temperature stability is strong.

Description

Design method, system and control method of a solar energy heat pump system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of design and operation control of heat pump products, in particular to a design method, system and control method of a solar energy heat pump system.

Background technique

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

Heat pump technology has been widely used in the construction industry to meet the needs of heating and hot water supply.

Among them, the air-source direct-condensing heat pump technology has been widely used in engineering due to its high comfort radiation heating method; however, the frosting and low temperature problems of the air-source direct-condensing heat pump in winter are the key to restricting the stable and efficient operation of the unit At the same time, there is also the problem of complicated laying process of the terminal radiant copper pipe.

In addition, in terms of solar heat pumps, solar direct expansion heat pumps mostly use water circulation as the terminal heat transfer medium. This system is subject to the discontinuity of solar energy resources, and the stability of engineering applications is also affected.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a design method, system and control method of a solar energy heat pump system, which couples an air source direct condensing heat pump and a solar direct expansion heat pump to avoid frosting and low temperature effects on the air source direct condensing heat pump, and The problem of poor stability of solar direct expansion heat pumps has significant advantages in energy saving and strong temperature stability.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

In the first aspect, the present invention provides a design method of a solar energy heat pump system. The solar energy heat pump system includes a host module, and a solar direct expansion heat collection module and a direct condensation heat storage module arranged in an array, and the solar direct expansion heat collection module The module and the direct condensing thermal storage module are connected through the host module; the design process of the host module, solar direct expansion thermal collector module and direct condensing thermal storage module includes:

Determine the capacity of the host module according to the building radiation heat load;

According to the building radiation heat load and the layable area of the direct condensing thermal storage module, determine the heat supply index per unit area of the direct condensing thermal storage module, and determine the area and layable quantity of a single direct condensing thermal storage module;

Determine the heat storage capacity of the direct-condensation thermal storage module according to the building radiation heat load, so as to determine the filling height of the thermal storage material in a single direct-condensation thermal storage module;

According to the building radiant heat load, the heat pump heating energy efficiency coefficient and the solar radiation intensity of the building site, determine the laying area and heat index per unit area of the solar direct expansion thermal collector module, and determine the area and laying quantity of a single solar direct expansion thermal collector module.

As an optional implementation, the heat storage capacity Q _x of the direct solidification heat storage module determined according to the building radiation heat load Q _f is: Q _x = Q _f × t _x ; where t _x is the required phase change heat release time .

As an alternative embodiment, the filling height h of the heat storage material in a single direct-condensation heat storage module is: h=Q _x /(γ×ρ×F _n ); where γ is the latent heat of phase change of the heat storage material, F _n is the layable area of the direct-condensation thermal storage module, and ρ is the density of the thermal storage material.

As an optional implementation, according to the building radiant heat load Q _f , the heat pump heating energy efficiency coefficient COP and the solar radiation intensity D of the building site, the determined laying area F _w of the solar direct expansion heat collection module is: F _w = Q _f / (COP×D×y), where y is the heat conversion efficiency.

As an optional embodiment, the thermal index q _{e_0} per unit area of the solar direct expansion heat collection module is: q _{e_0} =D×y.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a solar energy heat pump system, comprising: adopting the design method described in the first aspect for construction.

As an optional embodiment, the solar direct expansion heat collection module includes a first refrigerant pipe, a heat-conducting material, a first external thermal insulation structure, a vacuum cover plate and a solar nano-coating; the first refrigerant pipe is laid on the Inside an external thermal insulation structure, and the first external thermal insulation structure is filled with heat-conducting materials; a vacuum cover is provided on the top of the first external thermal insulation structure, and a solar nano-coating is provided on the vacuum cover.

As an optional implementation, the direct-condensation heat storage module includes a second refrigerant pipe, a heat storage material, a second external thermal insulation structure, a radiation cover plate, and an electric heating wire; the second refrigerant pipe is laid on the second Inside the external thermal insulation structure, heat storage materials are filled in the second external thermal insulation structure; a radiation cover is arranged on the top of the second external thermal insulation structure, and an electric heating wire is arranged on the radiation cover.

As an optional embodiment, the host module includes a compressor, a liquid separator, a throttling device, a filter, a liquid reservoir and an oil separator;

The compressor is connected to the solar direct expansion heat collection module through an electric valve, the other end of the solar direct expansion heat collection module is connected to the liquid distribution head through the electric valve, the liquid separation head is connected to the throttling device, and the throttling device is connected to the reservoir connection;

The compressor is connected to one end of the oil separator, the other end of the oil separator is connected to the direct-condensation heat storage module through an electric valve, and the other end of the direct-condensation heat storage module is connected to the liquid reservoir through an electric valve.

In the third aspect, the present invention provides a control method of a solar energy heat pump system, which adopts the solar energy heat pump system described in the second aspect, including:

Obtain the outdoor solar radiation intensity;

According to the comparison result of the outdoor solar radiation intensity and the set threshold, the heat pump heating mode or auxiliary heating mode is switched.

As an optional implementation, when the outdoor solar radiation intensity is greater than the set threshold, it is a heat pump heating mode; the control method of the heat pump heating mode includes:

T_{n_0}为室外设计温度；(1) Real-time monitoring of outdoor solar radiation intensity D, outdoor ambient temperature T _a , indoor ambient temperature T _n , and pressure P in the direct-condensation thermal storage module, and calculate the load demand rate

T _{n_0} is the outdoor design temperature;

(2) When the outdoor solar radiation intensity D is less than the rated solar radiation intensity threshold D _{set_1} , perform PID adjustment according to N=N ₀ ×(D/D _{set_1} ), control the frequency of the compressor, and then control the heating output of the system; where, N ₀ is rated compressor frequency;

时，按照

进行调节；当t₁＞t_{set_1}且

时，按照N＝N₀×(D/D_{set_1})进行调节；其中，z％为运行t_s1累计时间下的负荷需求，t_{set_1}为设定的时间阈值；At this time, carry out cumulative timing t ₁ , when t ₁ >t _{set_1} and

when, according to

Adjust; when t ₁ >t _{set_1} and

, adjust according to N=N ₀ ×(D/D _{set_1} ); among them, z% is the load demand under the cumulative running time t _s1 , and t _{set_1} is the set time threshold;

(3) When D≥D _{set_1} ;

If P<P _y0 , P _y0 is the pressure in the direct solidification heat storage module when the liquid volume fraction is the highest, then control the compressor to run at full frequency;

进行调节，控制压缩机频率。If P≈P _y0 , according to

Make adjustments to control compressor frequency.

As an optional implementation, when the outdoor solar radiation intensity is not greater than the set threshold, it is the auxiliary heating mode; the control method of the auxiliary heating mode includes:

(1) Real-time monitoring of the indoor ambient temperature T _n and the pressure P in the direct solidification heat storage module;

(2) When ∣T _n -T _{n_0} ∣/T _{n_0} ≤5%, T _{n_0} is the indoor design temperature;

If P>P _y1 , P _y1 is the pressure in the direct solidification heat storage module when the liquid volume fraction is the lowest, and the heat is mainly released by the heat storage material;

If P≈P _y1 , turn on the electric auxiliary heating auxiliary heating;

(3) When ∣T _n -T _{n_0} ∣/T _{n_0} >5%, the heat storage material can continue to release heat, but the heat release is insufficient. At this time, the electric auxiliary heat supply is turned on.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

In order to effectively avoid frosting and low temperature effects of traditional air-source direct-condensing heat pumps, respond to the high comfort demand of distributed heating, realize convenient installation, high-efficiency and stable operation, this invention couples air-source direct-condensing heat pumps and solar direct-expansion heat pumps, and proposes a The modular "double direct" solar energy heat pump system and its design and operation control methods realize the high comfort and high efficiency of distributed heating of heat pump products, enrich the market of heat pump products, and promote the healthy development of heat pump technology.

The invention proposes a design method, system and control method of a solar energy heat pump system, which can effectively avoid the problems of traditional air source direct-condensing heat pump frosting, low temperature effects, and poor stability of solar direct-expansion heat pumps, with significant energy-saving advantages and stable warm temperature Good performance, easy installation and strong practicability.

The invention proposes a design method, system and control method of a solar energy heat pump system, which can keep the system running stably, keep the indoor heating temperature stable and realize zone control, and have significant energy-saving advantages.

Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations to the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar energy heat pump system provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the solar direct expansion thermal collector module provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the direct solidification thermal storage module provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the operation control method of the solar energy heat pump system provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Among them, 1. Compressor, 2. Direct condensing heat storage module, 3. Electric valve, 4. Dispensing head, 5. Solar direct expansion heat collection module, 6. Throttle device, 7. Filter, 8. Liquid storage Device, 9. Oil separator, 10. First refrigerant pipe, 11. Heat conduction material, 12. First external insulation structure, 13. First connecting thread, 14. Vacuum cover plate, 15. Solar nano-coating, 16 , the second connecting thread, 17, the second refrigerant pipe, 18, the heat storage material, 19, the second external heat preservation structure, 20, the radiation cover plate, 21, the electric heating wire.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

It should be noted that the terminology used here is only for describing specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural, and it should also be understood that the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive Comprising, for example, a process, method, system, product, or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include steps or units not explicitly listed or for these processes, methods, Other steps or units inherent in a product or equipment.

In the case of no conflict, the embodiments and the features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a solar energy heat pump system, including a solar direct expansion heat collection module 5, a host module and a direct condensation heat storage module 2;

In this embodiment, the solar direct expansion heat collection module 5 is arranged in an array, including a plurality of solar direct expansion heat collection modules 5, as shown in Figure 2, each solar direct expansion heat collection module 5 includes a first cooling Agent pipe 10, heat-conducting material 11, first external thermal insulation structure 12, vacuum cover plate 14 and solar nano-coating 15;

The first refrigerant pipe 10 is laid inside the first external thermal insulation structure 12 according to the serpentine, meandering, etc. arrangement, and the first external thermal insulation structure 12 is filled with thermally conductive material 11;

A vacuum cover 14 is provided on the top of the first external thermal insulation structure 12 , and a solar nano-coating 15 is provided on the vacuum cover 14 .

As an optional implementation manner, the heat-conducting material 11 adopts heat-conducting silica gel, heat-conducting metal, and the like.

In this embodiment, the direct condensing heat storage modules 2 are arranged in an array, including a plurality of direct condensing heat storage modules 2 , as shown in FIG. 3 , each direct condensing heat storage module 2 includes a second refrigerant pipe 17 , heat storage material 18, second external heat preservation structure 19, radiation cover plate 20 and electric heating wire 21;

The second refrigerant pipe 17 is laid inside the second external thermal insulation structure 19 according to the serpentine, meandering, etc. arrangement, and the second external thermal insulation structure 19 is filled with heat storage material 18;

A radiation cover 20 is arranged on the top of the second external heat preservation structure 19 , and an electric heating wire 21 is arranged on the radiation cover 20 .

As an optional implementation, the heat storage material 18 is a phase change heat storage material such as paraffin wax.

In this embodiment, the host module includes a compressor 1, a liquid separator 4, a throttling device 6, an oil separator 9, a liquid reservoir 8 and a filter 7;

The compressor 1 is connected to the solar direct expansion heat collection module 5 through the electric valve 3, the other end of the solar direct expansion heat collection module 5 is connected to the liquid distribution head 4 through the electric valve 3, and the liquid separation head 4 is connected to the throttling device 6 , the throttling device 6 is connected with the liquid reservoir 8 through the filter 7;

The compressor 1 is connected to one end of the oil separator 9, the other end of the oil separator 9 is connected to the direct-condensation thermal storage module 2 through the electric valve 3, and the other end of the direct-condensation thermal storage module 2 is connected to the liquid storage module through the electric valve 3. Device 8 is connected.

As an optional embodiment, the compressor 1 and the throttling device 6 are consistent with the components of a conventional heat pump unit, such as the compressor 1 can be a rotary or scroll variable frequency compressor, and the throttling device 6 is optional Electronic expansion valve.

As an optional implementation, the solar direct expansion heat collection module 5 is provided with a first connecting thread 13 , and the first connecting thread 13 is connected to the electric valve 3 .

As an optional implementation, the direct solidification heat storage module 2 is provided with a second connecting thread 16 , and the second connecting thread 16 is connected with the electric valve 3 .

In this embodiment, the operating principle of the solar energy heat pump system is: the compressor compresses the refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous state, enters the direct-condensation thermal storage module, and the refrigerant releases heat to the thermal storage material and the surrounding medium (such as the floor) After condensing into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant, it is collected into the liquid receiver, flows from the liquid receiver to the electronic expansion valve, and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant that enters the solar direct expansion heat collection module and absorbs the solar energy evaporated by the solar nano-coating Vaporize, become a low-pressure low-temperature gaseous refrigerant and enter the compressor, and so on.

Based on the above-mentioned structure of the solar energy heat pump system, this embodiment also provides a design method of the solar energy heat pump system, which mainly involves the design and selection of the host module, the solar direct expansion heat collection module and the direct condensing heat storage module, and the specific steps are as follows :

(1) Determine the building radiation heat load Q _f ;

Determine the building heat load Q _c according to the building design parameters, and then determine the building radiation heat load Q _f according to the building heat load:

_Qf = _μQc ;

In the formula, μ is the correction coefficient, generally 0.8~0.95.

As an optional implementation manner, the building design parameters include building site outdoor design temperature T _{a_0} , indoor design temperature T _{n_0} , building area S and maintenance structure parameters.

(2) According to the building radiation heat load Q _f , determine the host module capacity Q _n :

Q _n =Q _f ×β ₁ ;

In the formula, _β1 is the safety factor.

(3) Determine the heat supply index q _{n_0} per unit area of the direct condensing thermal storage module;

According to the building radiation heat load Q _f and the layable area F _n of the direct condensing thermal storage module in the room, calculate the heat supply index q _{n_0} of the direct condensing thermal storage module per unit area:

q _{n_0} ＝Q _f /F _n

As an optional implementation manner, the area _Fn is determined according to the actual size of the building.

(4) According to the heat supply index q _{n_0} per unit area of the direct condensing thermal storage module, according to the empirical formula, select the direct condensing thermal storage module, and determine the area F _{n_0} of a single direct condensing thermal storage module:

q _{n_0} = f(T _con , d ₁ , r ₁ , l ₁ );

In the formula, T _con is the condensation temperature, d ₁ is the tube spacing of the second refrigerant tube, r ₁ is the tube diameter, l ₁ is the tube length, and this formula can generally be obtained through experiments.

(5) According to the selected direct-condensation heat storage modules, determine the number n ₁ of direct-condensation heat storage modules that can be installed in the room: n ₁ =F _n/ F _{n_0} .

(6) According to the building radiation heat load _Qf , determine the heat storage capacity _Qx of the direct-condensation heat storage module:

Q _x = Q _f × t _x ;

In the formula, t _x is the required phase change heat release time.

(7) Determine the filling height h of the heat storage material in a single direct solidification heat storage module:

h=Q _x /(γ×ρ×F _n );

In the formula, γ is the latent heat of phase change of the heat storage material, and ρ is the density of the heat storage material.

(8) determine the laying area F _w of the outdoor solar direct expansion heat collecting module and the heat index q _{e_0} per unit area of the solar direct expansion heat collecting module;

According to the building radiant heat load Q _f , the heat pump heating energy efficiency coefficient COP and the solar radiation intensity D at the design site, the laying area F _w of the solar direct expansion thermal collector module is determined:

F _w =Q _f /(COP×D×y);

In the formula, y is the heat conversion efficiency;

Then, according to the formula q _{e_0} =D×y, determine the thermal index q _{e_0} per unit area of the solar direct expansion heat collection module.

(9) According to the thermal index q _{e_0} per unit area of the solar direct expansion thermal collector module, and according to the empirical formula, choose a solar direct expansion thermal collector module, and determine the area F _{w 0} of a single solar direct expansion thermal collector module:

q _{e_0} = f(D, T _e , d ₂ , r ₂ , l ₂ );

In the formula, T _e is the evaporation temperature, D is the solar radiation intensity, d ₂ is the tube spacing of the first refrigerant tube, r ₂ is the tube diameter, and l ₂ is the tube length. This formula can generally be obtained through experiments.

(10) Determine the layable quantity n ₂ of solar direct expansion thermal collector modules:

n ₂ =F _w/ F _{w — 0} .

In this embodiment, combined with the actual project of a certain office in a certain building, the design process of the solar energy heat pump system is described in detail, as follows:

(1) According to the design drawing of a building room, determine the design temperature T _{a_0} of the outdoor air conditioner in winter as -7.2°C, and the heating area S as 100m ² . Refer to the "Code for Design of Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning in Civil Buildings" GB50736-2016 to determine the indoor design temperature T _{n_0} is 20°C. According to the maintenance structure design parameters in the drawings, the building heat load Q _c is calculated to be 6kW, according to the formula Q _f = μ Q _c , where μ is the correction coefficient, generally 0.8 to 0.95, which is taken in this embodiment A value of 0.8 determines a radiant heat load of 4.8kW.

(2) Adopt the heating form of partial floor radiation + partial wall radiation, measure the area F _n of the ground and wall that can be laid with direct-condensation thermal storage modules as 80m ² (of which, the ground is 60m ² and the wall is 20m ² ), according to the formula q _{n_0} = Q _f /F _n , calculate the heat supply index q _{n_0} per unit area of the direct condensing heat storage module to be 60W/m ² .

(3) According to the heat supply index q _{n_0} per unit area of the direct condensing heat storage module is 60W/m ² , in order to avoid excessively high ground and wall temperatures, the condensing temperature T _con of the refrigerant in the module is 35°C, and the economical , determine the ZNXM-60 series modules, where the tube spacing d ₁ is 20cm, the tube diameter r ₁ is 9mm, the single tube length l ₁ is 5m, and the area F _{n_0} of a single module is 4m ² (size 2m×1m).

(4) According to the formula n ₁ =F _n/ F _{n_0} , calculate the number n ₁ of direct condensing heat storage modules that can be installed in the room as 20.

(5) According to the formula Q _x =Q _f ×t _x , the heat storage capacity of the direct solidification heat storage module is calculated to be about 207MJ, where t _x is the required phase change heat release time, which is taken as 12h in this embodiment.

(6) According to the formula h=Q _x /(γ×ρ×F _n ), calculate the filling height h of the heat storage material in the single direct solidification heat storage module as 30mm, where γ is the latent heat of phase change of the heat storage material, ρ is the density of the heat storage material. In this embodiment, γ is 99.7kJ/kg, and ρ is 0.9g/mL.

(7) According to the formula F _w = Q _f /(COP×D×y), calculate the area F _w of the outdoor solar direct expansion thermal collector module as 29m ² , the heat conversion efficiency y is 50%, the COP is 2.0, and D is 165W/ m ² ; according to the formula q _{e_0} =D×y, calculate the thermal index q _{e_0} per unit area of the solar direct expansion thermal collector module to be about 80W/m ² .

(8) According to q _{e_0} is 80W/m ² , and from the perspective of efficient operation of the heat pump, the module evaporation temperature T _e is designed to be -10°C, and the ZPMK-80 series modules are determined, the tube spacing d ₂ is 25cm, and the tube diameter r ₂ is 9mm , the pipe length l ₂ is 5m, and the single module area F _{w_0} is determined to be 4m ² (size 2m×1m).

(9) According to the formula n ₂ =F _w/ F _{w_0} , calculate the number n ₂ of solar direct expansion heat collecting modules as 8 pieces.

(10) According to the radiant heat load Q _f , according to the formula Q _n =Q _f ×β ₁ , calculate the capacity Q _n of the host module as 5.3kW, where β ₁ is taken as 1.1.

Example 2

This embodiment provides a control method for a solar energy heat pump system, as shown in FIG. 4 , including:

Real-time monitoring of the outdoor solar radiation intensity D (W/m ² ), when the outdoor solar radiation intensity D is greater than the set threshold D _{set_0} , it is determined to be the heat pump heating mode, otherwise it is the auxiliary heating mode;

The heat pump heating mode is mainly heat pump system heating, while taking into account heat storage, and its operation control method includes:

T_{n_0}为室外设计温度。(1) Real-time monitoring of outdoor solar radiation intensity D, outdoor ambient temperature T _a , indoor ambient temperature T _n , and pressure P in the direct-condensation thermal storage module, and real-time calculation of load demand rate

T _{n_0} is the outdoor design temperature.

(2) When the outdoor solar radiation intensity D is less than the rated solar radiation intensity threshold D _{set_1} , perform PID adjustment according to the formula N=N ₀ ×(D/D _{set_1} ), control the compressor frequency of the host module, and then control the heating output of the system ; Wherein, N ₀ is the rated compressor frequency, and the rated solar radiation intensity threshold D _{set_1} is greater than the set threshold D _{set_0} ;

时，按照

进行PID调节，控制主机模块压缩机的频率，进而控制系统制热输出；At this time, carry out cumulative timing t ₁ , when t ₁ >t _{set_1} and

when, according to

Perform PID adjustment to control the frequency of the host module compressor, and then control the heating output of the system;

时，按照公式N＝N₀×(D/D_{set_1})进行调节；Conversely, when t ₁ >t _{set_1} and

, adjust according to the formula N=N ₀ ×(D/D _{set_1} );

Among them, z% is the load demand under the cumulative running time t _s1 , and t _{set_1} is the set time threshold.

(3) When D≥D _{set_1} ;

If the measured value of the micro-pressure sensor is P<P _y0 , P _y0 is the pressure in the direct-condensation heat storage module when the liquid volume fraction is the highest, which means that the heat storage capacity of the heat storage material is not enough, and the compressor of the host module runs at full frequency at this time;

进行PID调节，控制主机模块的压缩机频率，进而控制系统制热输出。If P≈P _y0 , heat storage is basically completed at this time, according to

Perform PID adjustment to control the compressor frequency of the host module, and then control the heating output of the system.

The auxiliary heating mode is that the heat pump system stops running and relies on stored heat for heating, and electric auxiliary heating is supplemented when it is insufficient. The operation control method includes:

(1) Real-time monitoring of the indoor ambient temperature T _n and the pressure P in the direct solidification heat storage module.

(2) When ∣T _n -T _{n_0} ∣/T _{n_0} ≤5%, T _{n_0} is the indoor design temperature;

If the measured value of the micro-pressure sensor is P>P _y1 , P _y1 is the pressure in the direct solidification heat storage module when the liquid volume fraction is the lowest, which means that the heat storage material can continue to release heat. ;

If P≈P _y1 , it means that the heat storage material releases insufficient heat, and at this time, the electric auxiliary heat is turned on to assist heat supply.

(3) When ∣T _n -T _{n_0} ∣/T _{n_0} >5%, it means that the heat storage material can continue to release heat, but the heat release is insufficient, and the electric auxiliary heat supply is turned on at this time.

Although the specific implementation of the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay creative work Various modifications or variations that can be made are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A design method of a solar energy heat pump system, characterized in that, the solar energy heat pump system includes a host module, and a solar direct expansion heat collection module and a direct condensing thermal storage module arranged in an array, and a solar direct expansion heat collection module It is connected with the direct condensing thermal storage module through the host module; the design process of the host module, solar direct expansion thermal collector module and direct condensate thermal storage module includes: Determine the capacity of the host module according to the building radiation heat load; According to the building radiation heat load and the layable area of the direct condensing thermal storage module, determine the heat supply index per unit area of the direct condensing thermal storage module, and determine the area and layable quantity of a single direct condensing thermal storage module; Determine the heat storage capacity of the direct-condensation thermal storage module according to the building radiation heat load, so as to determine the filling height of the thermal storage material in a single direct-condensation thermal storage module; According to the building radiant heat load, the heat pump heating energy efficiency coefficient and the solar radiation intensity of the building site, determine the laying area and heat index per unit area of the solar direct expansion thermal collector module, and determine the area and laying quantity of a single solar direct expansion thermal collector module. 2. The design method of a kind of solar energy heat pump system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, The heat storage capacity Q _x of the direct solidification heat storage module determined according to the building radiation heat load Q _f is: Q _x = Q _f × t _x ; where t _x is the required phase change heat release time; Or, the filling height h of the heat storage material in a single direct solidification heat storage module is: h=Q _x /(γ×ρ×F _n ); where γ is the latent heat of phase change of the heat storage material, and F _n is the direct solidification The layable area of the thermal storage module, ρ is the density of the thermal storage material. 3. The design method of a kind of solar energy heat pump system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, According to the building radiant heat load Q _f , the heat pump heating energy efficiency coefficient COP and the solar radiation intensity D of the building site, the determined laying area F _w of the solar direct expansion thermal collector module is: F _w = Q _f /(COP×D×y) , where y is the heat conversion efficiency; Or, the thermal index q _{e_0} per unit area of the solar direct expansion heat collection module is: q _{e_0} =D×y. 4. A solar energy heat pump system, characterized by comprising: constructing using the design method described in any one of claims 1-3. 5. A kind of solar energy heat pump system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, said solar energy direct expansion heat collection module comprises the first refrigerant tube, heat conduction material, the first external heat preservation structure, vacuum cover plate and solar nanometer coating; the first refrigerant pipe is laid inside the first external thermal insulation structure, and the first external thermal insulation structure is filled with heat conducting material; a vacuum cover is provided on the top of the first external thermal insulation structure, and the vacuum cover is A solar nano coating is provided. 6. A solar energy heat pump system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the direct-condensation thermal storage module comprises a second refrigerant tube, a thermal storage material, a second external thermal insulation structure, a radiation cover plate and an electric heating silk; the second refrigerant pipe is laid inside the second external thermal insulation structure, and the heat storage material is filled in the second external thermal insulation structure; a radiation cover is arranged on the top of the second external thermal insulation structure, and the radiation cover is An electric heating wire is provided. 7. A kind of solar energy heat pump system as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described host module comprises compressor, liquid separator, throttling device, filter, liquid reservoir and oil separator; The compressor is connected to the solar direct expansion heat collection module through an electric valve, the other end of the solar direct expansion heat collection module is connected to the liquid distribution head through the electric valve, the liquid separation head is connected to the throttling device, and the throttling device is connected to the reservoir connection; The compressor is connected to one end of the oil separator, the other end of the oil separator is connected to the direct-condensation heat storage module through an electric valve, and the other end of the direct-condensation heat storage module is connected to the liquid reservoir through an electric valve. 8. A control method for a solar energy heat pump system, characterized in that the solar energy heat pump system according to any one of claims 4-7 is used, comprising: Obtain the outdoor solar radiation intensity; According to the comparison result of the outdoor solar radiation intensity and the set threshold, the heat pump heating mode or auxiliary heating mode is switched. 9. The control method of a solar energy heat pump system as claimed in claim 8, wherein, when the outdoor solar radiation intensity is greater than a set threshold, it is a heat pump heating mode; the control method of the heat pump heating mode includes : (1) Real-time monitoring of outdoor solar radiation intensity D, outdoor ambient temperature T _a , indoor ambient temperature T _n , and pressure P in the direct-condensation thermal storage module, and calculate the load demand rate

T _{n_0} is the outdoor design temperature; (2) When the outdoor solar radiation intensity D is less than the rated solar radiation intensity threshold D _{set_1} , perform PID adjustment according to N=N ₀ ×(D/D _{set_1} ), control the frequency of the compressor, and then control the heating output of the system; where, N ₀ is rated compressor frequency; At this time, carry out cumulative timing t ₁ , when t ₁ >t _{set_1} and

when, according to

Adjust; when t ₁ >t _{set_1} and

, adjust according to N=N ₀ ×(D/D _{set_1} ); among them, z% is the load demand under the cumulative running time t _s1 , and t _{set_1} is the set time threshold; (3) When D≥D _{set_1} ; If P<P _y0 , P _y0 is the pressure in the direct solidification heat storage module when the liquid volume fraction is the highest, then control the compressor to run at full frequency; If P≈P _y0 , according to

Make adjustments to control compressor frequency. 10. The control method of a solar energy heat pump system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, when the outdoor solar radiation intensity is not greater than the set threshold, it is an auxiliary heating mode; the control method of the auxiliary heating mode include: (1) Real-time monitoring of the indoor ambient temperature T _n and the pressure P in the direct solidification heat storage module; (2) When ∣T _n -T _{n_0} ∣/T _{n_0} ≤5%, T _{n_0} is the indoor design temperature; If P>P _y1 , P _y1 is the pressure in the direct solidification heat storage module when the liquid volume fraction is the lowest, and the heat is mainly released by the heat storage material; If P≈P _y1 , turn on electric auxiliary heat auxiliary heating; (3) When ∣T _n -T _{n_0} ∣/T _{n_0} >5%, the heat storage material can continue to release heat, but the heat release is insufficient. At this time, the electric auxiliary heat supply is turned on.

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