CN115748584A - A purification and recreation type ecological revetment near water area and its construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a near water area purification recreation type ecological revetment and a construction method thereof, wherein the revetment comprises a revetment body, and a water purification part, a water supply part, a water storage recreation part and a water blocking part are sequentially arranged on the revetment body from a shallow water area of a water body upwards along a slope surface of the shallow water area; plants are planted in the water purifying part, the water culturing part and the water retaining part; the retaining recreation portion is equipped with the retaining canal along revetment length direction, the top of retaining canal covers there is the filtering layer, the bottom of retaining canal is higher than flood season water line. The advantages of the invention include: the water purifying part, the water maintaining part and the water blocking part can be used for planting pollution-resistant and purifying plants, the water storing rest part can store water, the land is prevented from being washed by rainwater, water and soil loss is prevented, the sources of river and lake sediment are reduced, water can be provided for the plants on the revetment, the eutrophication component of the water body is reduced, and the effects of water purification and water source conservation are achieved from the blocking, storing, purifying and maintaining multiple layers.

Description

A purification and recreation type ecological revetment near water area and its construction method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological garden construction, in particular to the construction technology of a purifying ecological revetment near water.

Background technique

In areas with abundant rainfall, such as South China, due to geological and topographical reasons, the rainwater in the rainy season scours the surface violently, causing soil loss and carrying pollutants into various water systems. At the same time, the intensification of urban and rural population activities also causes a large amount of sewage to be discharged into various Water system, resulting in ecological imbalance of the water system, eutrophication of the water body, further leading to a decline in the quality of water resources. With the development of ecological construction, water systems such as lakes or rivers, as an important part of ecological construction, have gradually received attention. Rainwater interception and purification, embankment beautification, and water pollution restoration are the main research directions.

There are two common revetments in contemporary times, one is traditional hard revetment, which uses stacked stones, landscape stones, masonry stones or regular stones to form hard slope protection; the other is ecological revetment, of which ecological revetment is roughly divided into two types, one One is the ecological hard revetment using ecological materials, such as using ecological bags, binge gabions, etc. to fill gravel instead of landscape stones to build the revetment structure, and the other is to abandon the hard revetment and use slope protection plants with well-developed root systems, etc. Construct vegetation-type revetments.

The traditional hard revetment has limited sources of stone materials, high cost, cumbersome construction techniques, inconvenient operation and greatly increases the cost of waterscapes; although the ecological hard revetment reduces the cost of landscape stones, it also reduces the aesthetics of the revetment, and lacks ecological maintenance and purification functions ; Vegetative revetments increase the function of soil protection and slope protection, but still rely on construction engineering methods to use part of the hardening facilities as the main body of slope protection, plants as auxiliary, high cost, lack of water storage equipment or water storage equipment rely on power system operation, high maintenance cost of slope protection plants , The ecological purification function is weak. Common modern revetments have the problem of a single viewing surface, only the opposite side of the revetment can be viewed, and the function is single.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a purification and recreation type ecological revetment near water and its construction method, so as to solve the problems of lack of ecological maintenance, purification function and single viewing surface in the revetment in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An ecological revetment for purification and recreation near waters, including revetments,

The revetment is sequentially provided with a water purification part, a water raising part, a water storage and recreation part, and a water blocking part along its slope from the shallow water area of the water body;

Plants are planted in the water purification part, the water raising part and the water blocking part;

The water storage and recreation part is provided with a water storage canal along the length direction of the revetment, the water storage canal is located below the surface, the top of the water storage canal is a filter layer, and the upper surface of the filter layer is the upper surface of the water storage and recreation part. On the surface, the bottom of the storage channel is higher than the water level line in the flood season.

Further, the filter layer is sequentially provided with permeable bricks, washed sand, zeolite filter material, and filter ecological binge gabion body from the ground surface;

The side wall of the storage channel near the water retaining part is a side ecological binge gabion body;

The side wall of the water storage channel close to the water raising part is a reinforced concrete wall;

The middle part of the water storage channel is provided with support columns at intervals along the length direction to support the filter layer.

Further, the filter ecological Binger gabion body and the side ecological Binger gabion body are both composed of Binger gabion filled with solid construction waste.

Further, the washed sand is laid with a thickness of 2 to 3 cm;

The diameter of the zeolite filter material is 2-3cm, and the laying thickness is 3-5cm;

The laying thickness of filter ecological binge gabion is 10-15cm;

The internal height of the storage channel is 30-50cm;

The laying thickness of the side ecological binge gabion is 25-30cm;

The thickness of the reinforced concrete wall is 25-30cm;

Binger gabion is made of galvanized low-carbon steel wire with a wire diameter of 0.4-0.6cm and plain weave method, with an aperture of 6-8cm;

Solid construction waste particle size 8 ~ 15cm;

The support column is a reinforced concrete support column, and its cross section is (20～30cm)*(20～30cm);

The filtering ecological binge gabion body covers the top of the reinforced concrete wall, the interior of the storage channel, and the top of the side ecological binge gabion body, and the two sides of the filtering ecological binge gabion body are respectively fixed on the soil walls on both sides by steel brazing ;

Curb stones are paved on both sides of the upper part of the washed sand and both sides of the permeable brick;

The bottom of the water storage channel is a reinforced concrete foundation with a thickness of 25-35cm. The reinforced concrete foundation corresponds to the side ecological binge gabion area and the intervals are pre-buried with steel brazing to fix the side ecological binge gabion. The height of the exposed part of the steel brazing Higher than 2/3 of the height of the side ecological binge gabion body, lower than the bottom surface of the filter layer, the top of the side side ecological binge gabion body is fixed on the soil wall near the water blocking part by steel brazing.

Further, the reinforced concrete wall of the storage channel is provided with one or more than two discharge outlets along the length direction of the revetment;

said drain opening is not opposite to said support column;

The width of the drain is 50-75cm;

The top of the drain is not higher than the top of the reinforced concrete wall, and the bottom of the drain is not lower than half of the height of the reinforced concrete wall;

The revetment outside the reinforced concrete wall of the storage channel is provided with a drainage channel corresponding to the discharge outlet, and the storage channel is connected to the outside of the revetment through the drainage channel;

Solid construction waste includes one or more of waste stones, waste concrete, waste bricks and waste tiles.

Further, the outside of the reinforced concrete wall and the filter layer is provided with a switch mechanism that matches the drain, and when the switch mechanism is turned on, the water storage channel communicates with the outside of the revetment;

The switch mechanism includes a gate capable of moving up and down and a track matched with the gate.

Further, the water purification unit is located in the area below the water level in the dry season, which includes emergent plants with a water depth of 0-0.5m vertically downward from the water level in the dry season, a mixed zone of submerged plants, and a zone of submerged plants with a water depth of 0.5-1.5m;

The water-raising department is located in the area between the water level in the dry season and the water level in the flood season, which includes wet shrubs and small trees mixed forest;

There is a hedge transition zone between the water raising part and the water storage and recreation part, in which shrubs are planted;

A flower border transition zone is set between the water storage and recreation part and the water blocking part, where herbs and flowers are planted;

The water blocking part includes small tree zone, herbaceous zone and vine zone sequentially upward along the revetment slope.

Further, the planting density of emergent plants in the water purification section is 1-2 plants/m ² , and the planting density of submerged plants is 20-30 plants/m ² ;

The emergent plants include one or more of Zai Lihua, Qianduocai, Huanghuali, pikegrass, calamus, and cattail, and the submerged plants include black algae, bitter grass, thorny grass, and dense dendrites. One or more of grass, hornwort, foxtail algae, and black algae;

The planting density of the hygroscopic shrubs in the water-raising part is 0.5-1 plant/m ² , and the planting density of small trees is 0.04-0.1 plant/m ² ;

The wet-growing shrubs include one or more of the small-leaved mosquito mother, Shuiqiliu, Zhujin, water bayberry, and red pompom, and the small trees include water apple, yellow skin, water weng, and water stone banyan. one or more of

The hedge transition zone is planted with shrubs with bright colors, low plant type, many branches and strong ornamental value, and the planting density is 4-11.1 plants/m ² ;

The shrubs in the transition zone of the hedge include one or more than two kinds of Roropetus safflower, Pyramid variegata, Sophora bipod, Buxus microphylla, Buxus cordata, and Scherichia scherichia;

Perennial, barren-resistant, stress-resistant, and ornamental herbaceous flowers are planted in the transition zone of the flower border, and the planting density is based on the coverage of the ground surface;

The herbaceous flowers include one or two or more of Aurantia chinensis, Dianthus, Hexabilis, Red Dragon Grass, Red Louhua, Blue Snowflake, and White Snowflake;

The upper surface of the water storage and recreation part is set horizontally; the gradient of the flower border transition zone is smaller than that of the water blocking part, or the surface of the flower border transition zone is set horizontally;

The small trees in the water blocking part are planted with small trees that are resistant to barrenness, strong in stress resistance, strong in ornamental value, and strong in water and soil conservation. The planting density is 0.6-1 plant/m ² ; the small trees include Taiwan Acacia , oleander, green bamboo, Sanwei sunflower one or more;

Perennial herbaceous plants with well-developed root system and creeping rhizomes are planted in the herbaceous area of the water blocking part, and the sowing density of grass seeds is 20-30g/ ^m2 ; the herbaceous plants include vetiver, zoysia, paspalum, One or more kinds of bermudagrass;

The vines in the water blocking part are planted with vines with well-developed root system, luxuriant branches and leaves, barren tolerance and drought tolerance, and the planting spacing is 35-50cm; one or more of two.

The present invention also provides a method for constructing an ecological revetment for purification and recreation near waters, the process including:

(1) Choose the period when the water level is at the water level in the dry season, and plant plants in the water purification department and the water cultivation department;

(2) On the revetment slope above the water raising part, ditches are dug downward according to the design size, the bottom and sides of the ditch are compacted, and the bottom is poured with reinforced concrete foundation. Supporting columns, and at the same time, on the reinforced concrete foundation, steel brazing is pre-embedded in the area corresponding to the side ecological binge gabion body. A part of the steel brazing is exposed, and a reinforced concrete wall is poured on the side close to the water raising part;

(3) Binger gabion is used on the side of the ditch close to the water blocking part, and the Binger gabion is made at the exposed part of the steel rod on the reinforced concrete foundation. The exposed part of the steel rod is located in the Binger gabion, and the The gabion is filled with solid construction waste, and the interface is fixed after filling to form a side ecological binge gabion body. The top of the gabion is fixed on the soil wall near the water blocking part with steel brazing to form a side ecological binge stone cage side wall;

(4) Binger gabion is filled with solid construction waste, and the interface is fixed after filling to form a filter ecological Binger gabion body. Both sides of the gabion are fixed to the soil walls on both sides of the ditch with steel brazing to filter the ecological Binger The gabion covers the top of the reinforced concrete wall and the top of the side ecological binge gabion;

(5) Evenly lay zeolite filter material and washed sand on the upper surface of the filtering ecological binge gabion;

(6) Lay curb stones on both sides of the upper part of the washed sand, and then lay permeable bricks to build a water storage channel;

(7) Plant plants on the revetment area between the water raising department and the water storage and recreation department to form a hedge transition zone;

(8) Plant plants between the water storage and recreation part and the water blocking part to form a flower border transition zone;

(10) Plant plants in the water blocking part.

A more detailed process includes:

(1) Choose construction when the water level is at the water level in the dry season, plant emergent plants and submerged plants in the water purification part; plant wet shrubs and small trees in the water cultivation part;

(2) On the revetment slope above the water raising section, ditches are dug downward according to the design size, the bottom and sides of the ditch are compacted, and the bottom of the ditch is leveled; the bottom is poured with reinforced concrete foundation, and reinforced concrete supports are reserved at intervals in the central part during pouring For the column position, pour the support column, and at the same time pre-embed steel brazing every 100cm in the area corresponding to the side ecological binge gabion on the reinforced concrete foundation, and a part of the steel brazing is exposed, and the exposed part of the steel brazing is higher than 2/3 of the height of the side ecological binge gabion is lower than the bottom of the filter layer, and a reinforced concrete wall is poured on the side close to the water raising part;

(3) The side of the ditch close to the water retaining part continues to use galvanized low-carbon steel wires with a wire diameter of 0.4 to 0.6cm and a binge gabion made of plain weave method, and the binge gabion is made at the exposed part of the steel brazing on the reinforced concrete foundation Binger gabion. The exposed part of the steel brazing is located in the Binger gabion. Fill the Binger gabion with solid construction waste. After filling, fix the interface to make a side ecological Binger gabion body. The top of the Binger gabion is made of steel The brazing is fixed on the soil wall close to the water blocking part to form the side wall of the side ecological binge gabion;

(4) Binger gabion made of galvanized low-carbon steel wire with a wire diameter of 0.4 to 0.6 cm and plain weave method, filled with solid construction waste, and fixed the interface after filling to form a filtering ecological Binger gabion body. The two sides are fixed to the soil walls on both sides of the ditch with steel brazing, and the filter ecological binge gabion covers the top of the reinforced concrete wall and the top of the side ecological binge gabion;

(5) Evenly lay zeolite filter material on the surface of the filter ecological binge gabion body, level it, then evenly lay washed sand on the surface of the zeolite filter material, level it;

(6) Lay curb stones on both sides of the upper part of the washed sand, and then lay permeable bricks to build a water storage channel;

(7) Plant shrubs on the revetment area between the water-raising department and the water storage and recreation department to form a hedge transition zone;

(8) Plant herbs and flowers between the water storage and recreation part and the water blocking part to form a flower border transition zone;

(9) Plant small trees in the small tree belt area of the water blocking part, plant herbaceous plants in the herbaceous area, and plant vines in the vine belt area.

Advantages of the present invention include:

1. The revetment includes the water purification department, the water cultivation department, the water storage and recreation department, and the water blocking department. The water purification department, the water cultivation department, and the water blocking department can plant pollution-resistant and purification plants, especially emergent plants and submerged plants. As a pollution control plant, it is beneficial to prevent soil erosion, reduce the source of river and lake sediment, reduce the eutrophication of water body, and play the role of water purification and water conservation from multiple levels of retention, storage, purification and cultivation.

2. At the same time, the ecological revetment is mostly composed of plant belts, including the hedge transition zone and the flower mirror transition zone, which not only meet the ecological functions but also satisfy multiple functions such as ornamental and recreational functions, and the viewing angles are multi-directional, which has changed the viewing surface of the revetment in the past. single question.

3. The water storage function is added to the bottom of the water storage and recreation part. The filter layer is formed by the combination of ecological binge gabion body, zeolite filter material and washed sand, which can collect, filter and utilize rainwater resources. If the storage channel is full, the filter layer can be used It overflows and flows along the roots of the plants to the water area, avoiding the water from scouring the revetment. The filter layer can be used as a pavement for recreation, and it can also prevent the odor from the storage channel from affecting the environment.

4. The end face of the water storage and recreation part and the transition zone of the flower border are set horizontally; in case of heavy rain or heavy rain, it helps to slow down the water flow on the slope and prevent a large amount of rainwater from rushing directly into the water area.

5. The bottom of the storage canal is higher than the water level line in the flood season, and the water in the river and lake cannot be poured back in the flood season, reducing the pressure during the storage period; the side ecological binge gabion can not only retain soil, but also form a filtration system. During drought, water can be provided to the upper plants through the ecological binge gabion and soil voids, no power system is needed, energy is saved, and no special treatment of the water body in the storage channel is required.

6. The water storage canal is equipped with a water outlet, and even has a matching switch mechanism, which can discharge water on demand to avoid excessive water storage pressure in the water storage canal during the flood season;

7. The water blocking part uses vines, herbs, and small trees that are resistant to barrenness, drought, and water and soil conservation to form a comprehensive slope protection and soil reinforcement structure. Among them, vines can not only protect the top of the slope but also form a scaffold to reduce the impact of rain on the slope. The scouring of the body; the herbaceous belt has a well-developed root system, which has the function of water retention like a sponge; the small tree belt forms a barrier, which can block the runoff from scouring the flower border transition zone and the water storage and recreation area below;

8. The filtering ecological Binger gabion body and the side ecological Binger gabion body are composed of Binger gabion filled with solid construction waste, which can not only reduce construction costs but also improve environmental protection. At the same time, bricks, tiles, etc. The material is lighter than traditional stone, which reduces the pressure on the revetment slope and is more conducive to slope protection.

9. After the ecological revetment is planted in the later stage, a closed ecosystem will be formed without further maintenance, which can form a stable ecosystem and save maintenance costs.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitute a part of the application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the revetment in Embodiment 1;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a water storage and recreation section in Embodiment 1;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of part a;

Fig. 4 is the schematic structural diagram of the water storage and recreational part of embodiment two;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the related structure of the water outlet and the switch mechanism of the third embodiment;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the track structure from the water area to the revetment in the third embodiment.

Water purification part 1, water raising part 2, hedge transition zone 3, water storage and recreation part 4, water storage canal 41, reinforced concrete foundation 411, permeable brick 42, washed sand 43, zeolite filter material 44, filter ecological binge gabion Body 45, side ecological binge gabion body 46, reinforced concrete wall 47, curb stone 48, support column 49, flower border transition zone 5, water blocking part 6, water outlet 7, water channel 8, gate 9, track 10,

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

Embodiment one

As shown in Figure 1-3, a kind of ecological revetment for purification and recreation near the water, including a revetment, the revetment is provided with a water purification part 1, a water raising part 2, and a hedge transition zone 3 in sequence from the shallow water area of the water body along its slope upwards , water storage and recreation part 4, flower border transition zone 5, water blocking part 6.

The water purification unit 1 is located in the area below the water level in the dry season, which includes emergent plants with a water depth of 0-0.5m vertically downward from the water level in the dry season, a mixed zone of submerged plants and a zone of submerged plants with a water depth of 0.5-1.5m; The planting density of emergent plants in the water purification department 1 is 1.5 plants/m ² , and the emergent plants are randomly mixed and planted in the form of Zailihua, Qiandui, and Huanghuali; the planting density of submerged plants is 25 plants/m ² , and the submerged plants are Select black algae and bitter grass for random mixed planting;

The water-raising part 2 is located in the area between the water level line in the dry season and the water level line in the flood season, which includes wet-growing shrubs and small trees mixed forests that are resistant to flooding; the planting density of wet-growing shrubs is 0.75 plants/m ² , and the wet-growing shrubs choose leaflets The mother, willow, and Zhu Jin were randomly mixed and planted; the planting density of the small trees was 0.04 plants/m ² , and the small trees were randomly planted with water apples and yellow skins.

The hedge transition zone 3 is planted with shrubs with bright colors, low plant type, many branches, and strong ornamental value, and the planting density is 6 plants/m ² ; Leaf trees and bipods are mixed in strips.

The water storage and recreation part 4 is provided with a water storage channel 41 along the length direction of the revetment. The water storage channel 41 is located below the ground surface. The top of the water storage channel 41 is a filter layer, and the upper surface of the filter layer is a water storage channel. On the upper surface of the recreational part 4, the bottom of the storage channel 41 is higher than the water level line in the flood season. The filter layer is successively provided with permeable bricks 42, washed sand 43, zeolite filter material 44, and filter ecological binge gabion body 45 from the surface down; the filter ecological binge gabion body 45 is laid with a thickness of 10cm; 41 The side wall near the water blocking part 6 is a side ecological binge gabion body 46; the side ecological binge gabion body 46 is laid with a thickness of 25cm and a height of 40cm.

The filtering ecological binge gabion body 45 and the side ecological binge gabion body 46 are both composed of binocular gabion filled with solid construction waste. Binger gabion is made of galvanized low-carbon steel wire with a wire diameter of 0.4cm and plain weave method, with a hole diameter of 7cm; the particle size of solid construction waste is 8-15cm; solid construction waste includes waste stone, waste concrete, waste bricks, One or more than two types of discarded tiles.

The side wall of the storage canal 41 close to the water raising part 2 is a reinforced concrete wall 47; the thickness of the reinforced concrete wall 47 is 25cm; the thickness of the permeable brick 42 is 6cm, and its laying width is 1.3-1.45m, and the specific width depends on the water storage. Canal width depends; Washed sand 43 laying thickness 2cm; Zeolite filter material 44 diameter 2～3cm, laying thickness 4cm; Filtering ecological binge gabion body 45 covers reinforced concrete wall 47 top, storage channel 41 inside, side ecological bin The top of the lattice gabion body 46, the two sides of the filtering ecological binge gabion body are respectively fixed on the soil walls on both sides by steel brazing; the two sides of the upper part of the washed sand 43 and the two sides of the permeable brick 42 are paved with curb stones 48; The middle part of the water storage channel 41 is provided with support columns 49 at intervals along the length direction to support the filter layer. The support column 49 is a reinforced concrete support column, and its cross section is (20-30cm)*(20-30cm), and the interval between each support column 49 is 100cm.

The bottom of the storage channel 41 is a reinforced concrete foundation 411 with a thickness of 25 to 35 cm. The side ecological binge gabion body 46 and the reinforced concrete wall 47 are located on the reinforced concrete foundation 411. The reinforced concrete foundation 411 corresponds to the side ecological binge. Steel brazing is pre-buried at intervals of the gabion body to fix the side ecological binge gabion body. The height of the exposed part of the steel brazing is higher than 2/3 of the height of the side ecological binge gabion body, and lower than the bottom surface of the filter layer. The top of the side ecological Binger gabion body is fixed on the soil wall near the water retaining part by steel brazing, and the internal height of the water storage channel 41 (from the reinforced concrete foundation 411 upper surface to the filtering ecological Binger gabion body 45 The distance between surfaces) is 40 cm.

The flower border transition zone 5 is planted with herbaceous flowers that are perennial, resistant to barrenness, strong in stress resistance, and highly ornamental. The herbaceous flowers include S. japonica, Dianthus, Hexapili, Red Dragon Grass, and Red Louhua. Each presents an irregular flake shape and is composed of different varieties bordered with mixed planting. The planting density is 20-30cm per clump, and 3-4 buds per clump. Of course, the planting density is based on the coverage of the ground; the flower border transition zone 5 has a width of 70-100cm and irregular edges.

The upper surface of the water storage and recreation part 4 is set horizontally; the gradient of the flower border transition zone 5 is smaller than that of the water retaining part 6, or the surface of the flower border transition zone 5 is set horizontally.

The water blocking part 6 includes a small tree zone 61 , a herbaceous zone 62 , and a vine zone 63 sequentially upward along the revetment slope. The small tree belt 61 of the water blocking part 6 is planted with small tree trees that are resistant to barrenness, strong stress resistance, strong ornamental value, and strong water and soil conservation function, and the planting density is 1 plant/m ² ; the small tree belt 61 is composed of One row of Taiwan Acacia and one row of oleander with mixed flowers and colors are alternately planted; the herbaceous area 62 of the water blocking part 6 is planted with perennial herbaceous plants with well-developed root system and creeping rhizomes, and the herbaceous plants include vetiver , Zoysia, planted according to the grass seed ratio of 1:1; the sowing density is 20-30g/m ² ; the vine belt 63 of the water blocking part 6 is planted with vines with well-developed root system, luxuriant branches and leaves, barren tolerance and drought tolerance Plants are planted in a single row, and the planting spacing is 50cm; the vine belt 63 is a single row or multiple row vine belts that are planted in turn by Jade leaf golden flower, first crown vine, and South China honeysuckle.

The construction process of the recreational revetment near the water area is roughly as follows:

(1) Choose water level to be in the construction during the dry season water level period, plant emergent plants and submerged plants in the water purification part 1; wet shrubs and small trees are mixed in the water cultivation part 2;

(2) Dig ditches downwards on the revetment slope at a horizontal distance of 100cm above the water-raising section 2 (the water level line is upward during the flood season) according to the design size. Of course, the specific location of the ditches can be determined by the specific terrain and is not limited to the above level At a distance of 100cm; the bottom of the ditch and the sides are tamped, and the bottom of the ditch is leveled; the bottom is poured with reinforced concrete foundation 411, and the reinforced concrete support column position is reserved at the central part at an interval of 100cm during pouring, and the support column 49 is poured. At the same time, the reinforced concrete foundation 411 The region corresponding to the side ecological binge gabion body 46 is pre-embedded steel brazing every 100cm, and a part of the steel brazing is exposed, and the height of the exposed part of the steel brazing is higher than 2 times of the height of the side ecological binge gabion body. /3, lower than the bottom surface of the filter layer, near the side of the water raising part 2, the reinforced concrete wall 47 is poured; the ditch is designed to have a width of 150-165 cm, and its cross section is rectangular; certainly, the ditch can also be designed as a bottom poured reinforced concrete foundation The width of 411 is larger than that of other ditches above its height, and the width of poured reinforced concrete foundation 411 is larger than that of other ditches above its height;

(3) The side of the ditch close to the water retaining part 6 continues to use the Binger gabion made of galvanized low-carbon steel wire with a wire diameter of 4mm in plain weave method, and make Binger stones at the exposed part of the steel brazing on the reinforced concrete foundation Cage, the exposed part of the steel brazing is located in the binge gabion, fill the binge gabion with a mixture of broken bricks, tiles, and concrete blocks with a diameter of 8 to 15 cm, and fix the interface after filling to make a side ecological bin The lattice gabion body, its top is fixed on the soil wall near the water-retaining part 6 with steel brazing, constitutes the side wall of the side ecological binge gabion body with a thickness of 25cm and a height of 40cm;

(4) Binge gabion made of galvanized low-carbon steel wire with a wire diameter of 0.4-0.6cm and plain weave method, filled with solid construction waste, and fixed the interface after filling to form a filter with a width of 150-165cm and a thickness of 10cm Ecological Binger gabion body 45, its two sides are respectively fixed on the soil wall of ditch both sides with steel drill every 100cm, filter ecological Binger gabion body 45 covers reinforced concrete wall 47 top, side ecological Binger gabion body 46 top;

(5) evenly lay thickness 4cm zeolite filter material 44 on filter ecological binge gabion body 45 surfaces, level, then evenly lay thickness 2cm washing sand 43 on zeolite filter material 44 surfaces, level;

(6) pave the granite curb 48 with a width of 10cm and a height of 20cm on both sides of the washed sand 43 top, and then lay a 6cm thick permeable brick 42 to build the water storage channel 41;

(7) In the revetment area between the water raising part 2 and the water storage and recreation part 4, for example, plant shrubs on the area with a horizontal distance of 0.8m upwards along the water level line in the flood season to form a hedge transition zone 3. Of course, the size of the area can be determined according to the specific terrain. It is not limited to the area with a horizontal distance of 0.8m upwards along the water level line during the flood season;

(8) Plant herbal flowers between the water storage and recreation part 4 and the water blocking part 6 to form a flower border transition zone 5;

(9) Small trees are planted in the small arbor zone 61 area of the water blocking part 6, herbaceous plants are planted in the herbaceous area 62, and vines are planted in the vine zone 63 area.

After all the vegetation has completed the settlement process and grows normally, the visibility of the river section after entering the rainy season is significantly higher than before construction, and the water quality is improved, indicating that the ecological slope protection has a significant function of protecting water and soil and purifying water.

Embodiment two

As shown in Figure 4, the reinforced concrete wall 47 in this embodiment is provided with one or more water outlets 7 along the length direction of the revetment; the number of water outlets depends on the situation, and it is sufficient to meet the water discharge requirements, and should not be too many.

The revetment outside the reinforced concrete wall 47 is provided with a drainage channel 8 corresponding to the water outlet 7, and the storage channel 41 communicates with the exterior of the revetment through the drainage channel 8;

The drain port 7 is not opposite to the support column 49;

Water outlet 7 width 50-75cm;

The top of the drain opening 7 is not higher than the top of the reinforced concrete wall 47, and the bottom of the drain opening 7 is not lower than 1/2 of the height of the reinforced concrete wall 47.

For the remaining reference to Example 1, of course plants can be selected from other varieties with comparable effects, and the mixed planting method can be changed for ornamental plants according to the situation. I won't repeat them here.

Embodiment three

As shown in Figures 5-6, the difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that there is a switch mechanism that matches the water outlet 7, and the switch mechanism includes a gate 9 that can move up and down and a track 10 that matches the gate. The track 10 is arranged on the outside of the reinforced concrete wall 47 and the filter layer.

The gate 9 moves upwards, and when the water outlet 7 is opened, the storage channel 41 communicates with the outside world.

The revetment of the embodiment of the present invention can not only adapt to the ecological environment such as rivers and lakes in areas with abundant rainfall (such as South China), but also has slope protection, soil consolidation, water storage, water purification, water conservation, multi-directional viewing, recreation, and economy. ecological revetment.

The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention have been introduced in detail above, and the principles and implementation modes of the embodiments of the present invention have been explained by using specific examples in this paper. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only applicable to help understand the embodiments of the present invention At the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiment of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an ecological revetment of nearly waters purification recreation type, includes the revetment, its characterized in that:

the revetment is provided with a water purifying part, a water nourishing part, a water storing recreation part and a water blocking part in sequence from a shallow water area of a water body to the upper part along the slope surface of the revetment;

plants are planted in the water purifying part, the water culturing part and the water retaining part;

the retaining recreation portion is equipped with the retaining canal along revetment length direction, the retaining canal is located the earth's surface below, the top of retaining canal is the filtering layer, the upper surface of filtering layer is the upper surface of retaining recreation portion, the bottom of retaining canal is higher than flood season water line.

2. The ecological revetment for purifying near water, according to claim 1, wherein:

the filter layer is sequentially provided with permeable bricks, washed sand, zeolite filter materials and a filtering ecological binge gabion body from the ground surface to the bottom;

the side wall of the water storage channel close to the water blocking part is a lateral ecological binge stone cage body;

the side wall of the water storage channel close to the water supply part is a reinforced concrete wall;

support columns are arranged in the middle of the water storage channel at intervals along the length direction so as to support the filter layer.

3. The near-water purification recreation type ecological revetment according to claim 2, wherein:

the filtering ecological binge gabion body and the side ecological binge gabion body are both formed by filling solid construction waste into the binge gabion.

4. The ecological revetment for purifying near water, according to claim 3, wherein:

the thickness of the washed sand is 2-3 cm;

the diameter of the zeolite filter material is 2-3 cm, and the laying thickness is 3-5 cm;

laying the thickness of the filtering ecological binge gabion body to be 10-15 cm;

the height of the interior of the water storage channel is 30-50 cm;

the paving thickness of the lateral ecological binge gabion body is 25-30 cm;

the thickness of the reinforced concrete wall is 25-30 cm;

the binge stone cage is made of galvanized low-carbon steel wires with the wire diameter of 0.4-0.6 cm by a plain weaving method, and the aperture is 6-8 cm;

the particle size of the solid construction waste is 8-15 cm;

the supporting column is a reinforced concrete supporting column, and the section of the supporting column is (20-30 cm) × (20-30 cm);

the filtering ecological binge gabion body covers the top end of the reinforced concrete wall, the interior of the water storage channel and the top end of the lateral ecological binge gabion body, and two sides of the filtering ecological binge gabion body are fixed on the soil walls on two sides of the filtering ecological binge gabion body through steel rods respectively;

paving road edge stones on two sides of the upper part of the washed sand and two sides of the permeable bricks;

the bottom of the water storage channel is a reinforced concrete foundation with the thickness of 25-35 cm, the reinforced concrete foundation corresponds to the ecological binge gabion body on the side, the steel rod is pre-embedded at the interval of the ecological binge gabion body on the side so as to fix the ecological binge gabion body on the side, the exposed part of the steel rod is higher than 2/3 of the height of the ecological binge gabion body on the side and lower than the bottom surface of the filter layer, and the top of the ecological binge gabion body on the side is fixed on the soil wall close to the water blocking part through the steel rod.

5. The near-water purification recreation type ecological revetment according to claim 3, wherein:

one or more than two water discharge openings are formed in the reinforced concrete wall of the water storage channel along the length direction of the revetment;

the water discharge opening is not opposite to the support column;

the width of the water outlet is 50-75cm;

the top of the water outlet is not higher than the top end of the reinforced concrete wall, and the bottom of the water outlet is not lower than one half of the height of the reinforced concrete wall;

a water drainage channel corresponding to the water drainage port is arranged at the revetment position outside the reinforced concrete wall of the water storage channel, and the water storage channel is communicated with the outside of the revetment through the water drainage channel;

the solid construction waste comprises one or more than two of waste stone, waste concrete, waste bricks and waste tiles.

6. The ecological revetment for purifying near water, according to claim 5, wherein:

the outer sides of the reinforced concrete wall and the filtering layer are provided with a switch mechanism matched with the water discharge opening, and the water storage channel is communicated with the outside of the revetment when the switch mechanism is opened;

the switch mechanism comprises a gate capable of moving up and down and a track matched with the gate.

7. The ecological revetment for purifying near water, according to claim 1, wherein:

the water purification part is positioned in an area below a waterline in a dry period and comprises an emergent aquatic plant with the water depth of 0-0.5 m vertically downwards from the waterline in the dry period, a submerged plant mixing zone and a submerged plant zone with the water depth of 0.5-1.5 m;

the water supply part is positioned in an area between a water line in a dry season and a water line in a flood season and comprises a humidogene shrub and small arbor mixed forest;

a hedgerow transition zone is arranged between the water supply part and the water storage recreation part, wherein shrubs are planted in the hedgerow transition zone;

a flower bed transition zone is arranged between the water storage recreation part and the water blocking part, and herbaceous flowers are planted in the flower bed transition zone;

the water retaining part comprises a small arbor belt, a herbaceous area and a vine belt in sequence along the slope surface of the revetment.

8. The ecological revetment for purifying near water, according to claim 7, wherein:

the emergent aquatic plant planting density of the water purifying part is 1-2 plants/m ² The planting density of the submerged plants is 20-30 plants/m ² ；

The emergent aquatic plant comprises one or more than two of cleome flower, lythrum salicaria, iris pallida, grass of mullet, calamus and cattail, and the submerged plant comprises one or more than two of hydrilla verticillata, tape grass, gomphrena, goldfish algae, watermifoil algae and hydrilla verticillata;

the planting density of the wet shrubs in the water supply part is 0.5-1 plant/m ² The planting density of the small arbors is 0.04-0.1 plant/m ² ；

The hygrophytic shrubs comprise one or more than two of Aedes parvus, salix integra, camomile, geum japonicum and Calophyllum cyrtonema, and the small trees comprise one or more than two of Syzygium cumini, clausena lansium, cleistocalyx operculatus and Ficus benjamina;

the hedgerow transition zone is planted with shrubs with bright colors, short plant types, more branches and strong ornamental value, and the planting density is 4-11.1 plants/m ² ；

The shrub of the hedgerow transition zone comprises one or more of Loropetalum chinense, aleurites fordii Hemsl, sophora japonica, buxus microphylla, buxus cardiaca and Chinese schefflera;

the flower environment transition zone is planted with perennial, barren-resistant, strong stress resistance and strong ornamental herbaceous flowers, and the planting density is based on covering the ground surface;

the herbaceous flower comprises one or more of herba Sedi linearis, herba Dianthi, LIBEILI, HONGLONGCAO, HONGLONGHUA, LANHUANG, and BAIHUA;

the upper surface of the water storage recreation part is horizontally arranged; the gradient of the floriculture transition zone is smaller than that of the water retaining part, or the surface of the floriculture transition zone is horizontally arranged;

the small arbor belt of the water-stopping part is planted with small arbors with barren resistance, strong stress resistance, strong ornamental performance and strong water and soil conservation function, and the planting density is 0.6-1 plant/m ² (ii) a The small arbor comprises one or more of Taiwan acacia, oleander, green tangerine orange peel bamboo and abelmoschus manihot;

perennial herbaceous plants with developed root systems and creeping and transverse rhizomes are planted in the herbaceous area of the water retaining part, and the seeding density of grass seeds is 20-30 g/m ² (ii) a The herbaceous plant comprises one or more of vetiver, zoysia japonica, paspalum vaginatum and Cynodon dactylon;

the vine belt of the water intercepting part is planted with vine plants with developed root systems, luxuriant branches and leaves, barren resistance and drought resistance, and the planting distance is 35-50 cm; the liana includes one or more of radix Mussaendae, radix seu caulis Celosiae Crassifoliae, lonicera japonica Thunb, and Lonicera gigantea Thunb.

9. The method for constructing a near-water purified recreation type ecological revetment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein:

the process comprises the following steps:

(1) Selecting the period that the water level is at the water level line of the dry period for construction, and planting plants in the water purifying part and the water nourishing part;

(2) Digging a ditch downwards on the revetment slope surface above the water maintaining part according to the design size, tamping the bottom and the side of the ditch, pouring a reinforced concrete foundation at the bottom, reserving reinforced concrete support column positions at intervals at the central part during pouring, pouring support columns, simultaneously embedding steel brazes at intervals in the area corresponding to the ecological binge stone cages at the side of the reinforced concrete foundation, exposing a part of the steel brazes, and pouring a reinforced concrete wall at one side close to the water maintaining part;

(3) One side of the channel close to the water retaining part is provided with a Bingge gabion, the exposed part of a steel chisel on a reinforced concrete foundation is provided with the Bingge gabion, the exposed part of the steel chisel is positioned in the Bingge gabion, solid construction waste is filled into the Bingge gabion, an interface is fixed after filling, a lateral ecological Bingge gabion body is manufactured, the top of the lateral ecological Bingge gabion body is fixed on the soil wall close to the water retaining part through the steel chisel, and the lateral wall of the lateral ecological Bingge gabion body is formed;

(4) Filling solid building wastes into the Bingge gabion, fixing a connector after filling to form a filtering ecological Bingge gabion body, fixing two sides of the filtering ecological Bingge gabion body to soil walls on two sides of the ditch respectively by using steel rods, and covering the top end of the reinforced concrete wall and the top end of the ecological Bingge gabion body on the side of the filtering ecological Bingge gabion body;

(5) Sequentially and uniformly paving zeolite filter materials and washed sand on the upper surface of the ecological binge gabion body;

(6) Paving road edge stones on two sides of the upper part of the washed sand, and then paving water permeable bricks to build a water storage channel;

(7) Planting plants on a revetment area between the water supply part and the water storage recreation part to form a hedgerow transition zone;

(8) Planting plants between the water storage recreation part and the water blocking part to form a flower field transition zone;

(9) Plants are planted in the water-stopping part.

10. The method for constructing a near-water purification recreation-type ecological revetment according to claim 9, wherein:

the more detailed process comprises the following steps:

(1) Selecting the water level in the water level line period of the dry season for construction, and planting emergent aquatic plants and submerged plants in the water purifying part; planting wet shrubs and small trees in the water culture part in a mixed mode;

(2) Digging a ditch downwards on the slope of the revetment above the water culture part according to the design size, tamping the bottom and the side of the ditch, and leveling the bottom of the ditch; pouring a reinforced concrete foundation at the bottom, reserving reinforced concrete support column positions at intervals at the central part during pouring, pouring support columns, simultaneously pre-burying a steel chisel every 100cm in a region corresponding to the lateral ecological binge rock gabion body on the reinforced concrete foundation, wherein one part of the steel chisel is exposed, the height of the exposed part of the steel chisel is higher than 2/3 of the height of the lateral ecological binge rock gabion body, lower than the bottom surface of the filter layer, and pouring a reinforced concrete wall at one side close to the water supply part;

(3) One side of the ditch close to the water retaining part is provided with a Bingge gabion which is made of galvanized low-carbon steel wires with the wire diameter of 0.4-0.6 cm by a plain weaving method, the exposed part of the steel rod on the reinforced concrete foundation is provided with the Bingge gabion, the exposed part of the steel rod is positioned in the Bingge gabion, solid construction waste is filled into the Bingge gabion, an interface is fixed after the solid construction waste is filled, a lateral ecological Bingge gabion body is manufactured, and the top of the lateral ecological Bingge gabion body is fixed on the soil wall close to the water retaining part by the steel rod, so that the lateral wall of the lateral ecological Bingge gabion body is formed;

(4) The method comprises the following steps of filling solid construction waste into a Bingge gabion manufactured by adopting galvanized low-carbon steel wires with the wire diameter of 0.4-0.6 cm through a plain weaving method, fixing connectors after filling to form a filtering ecological Bingge gabion body, fixing two sides of the filtering ecological Bingge gabion body to soil walls on two sides of a ditch respectively through steel rods, and covering the top end of a reinforced concrete wall and the top end of the side ecological Bingge gabion body by the filtering ecological Bingge gabion body;

(5) Uniformly paving zeolite filter materials on the surface of the ecological binge stone cage body for filtering, leveling, then uniformly paving washed sand on the surface of the zeolite filter materials, and leveling;

(6) Paving road edge stones on two sides of the upper part of the washed sand, and then paving water permeable bricks to build a water storage channel;

(7) Planting shrubs on a revetment area between the water supply part and the water storage recreation part to form a hedgerow transition zone;

(8) Planting herbaceous flowers between the water storage recreation part and the water blocking part to form a flower bed transition zone;

(9) And planting small trees in the small tree zone area of the water retaining part, planting herbaceous plants in the herbaceous area, and planting vine plants in the vine zone area.

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