CN115747416A - Method for prolonging ladle age of ladle for LF refining - Google Patents
Method for prolonging ladle age of ladle for LF refining Download PDFInfo
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- CN115747416A CN115747416A CN202211395899.2A CN202211395899A CN115747416A CN 115747416 A CN115747416 A CN 115747416A CN 202211395899 A CN202211395899 A CN 202211395899A CN 115747416 A CN115747416 A CN 115747416A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, and discloses a method for prolonging the ladle age of a ladle for LF refining, which comprises the following steps: 1) Adding a powder spraying device on a refining furnace cover; 2) After tapping, the steel ladle enters a station to measure the thickness of the slag, and the amount of the slag is calculated according to the thickness of the slag; 3) According to the method, an annular powder spraying device is additionally arranged on a refining furnace cover, after a steel ladle enters a station after steel tapping is finished, a dolomite powder surface spraying model in the refining process is selected according to the end point index and the slag quantity of the converter and dolomite powder surface and coke powder spraying are carried out, the slag components and the oxidability in the refining smelting process are improved, the corrosion of the slag in the refining process on the steel ladle is reduced, the significance for improving the ladle age of the steel ladle is great, and the method plays a positive role in improving the adsorption capacity of the slag on impurities. The invention plays a positive role in improving the adsorption and inclusion capacity of the refining slag and improving the quality of molten steel. And safety accidents such as steel leakage of the steel ladle and the like caused by serious corrosion of the steel ladle lining are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a method for prolonging the ladle age of a ladle for LF refining.
Background
The production process of steel mills at home and abroad mostly adopts a converter-LF refining-continuous casting process, lime and fluorite are generally adopted for slagging of a steel ladle lining in an LF refining smelting process, calcium carbide is generally adopted for deoxidation, a centralized adding mode is adopted for adding, so that the oxidability of slag is increased in a stage manner, the MgO content is reduced, and high-temperature slag erodes the steel ladle lining in a smelting process, so that the corrosion of the slag on the steel ladle lining is aggravated, the ladle life is reduced, and safety accidents such as steel penetration of a steel ladle and the like can also occur in severe cases. In order to reduce the safety accidents of ladle erosion in the refining process or ladle penetration and the like caused by serious ladle erosion, most domestic steel mills adopt measures such as improving the quality of ladle lining refractory materials and the advanced offline maintenance of the ladle, so that the building cost of the ladle is increased, and the difficulty of production organization is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems and provide a method for improving the ladle age of a ladle for LF refining. The invention adds a ring-shaped powder spraying device (as shown in figure 1) on a refining furnace cover, wherein the powder spraying device is a ring-shaped hollow steel pipe, the surface of the ring-shaped hollow steel pipe is protected by refractory materials, the powder spraying device is arranged below the refining furnace cover, is 280-320 mm away from the outer side of the furnace cover, is provided with a plurality of spraying holes with the diameter of 15 +/-2 mm at intervals of 100 +/-5 mm from the opposite surface of a ladle, and has the angle of 14-16 degrees towards the center of the furnace cover with the vertical line, so that the spraying powder can be effectively sprayed to the slag surface at the outer side of an electrode at 50-100mm during spraying, the spraying powder can be rapidly fused with slag, the slag composition and the oxidability of the slag are improved, the corrosion of the ladle by the slag is slowed down, after tapping is finished, a dolomite powder spraying model (table 2) in the refining process is selected according to the final slag index and the slag amount of a converter, the spraying model mainly plays a significant role in ensuring the corrosion effect of the slag in the refining furnace and improving the slag lining of the ladle and the ladle absorption of dolomite on the ladle lining.
The invention provides a method for improving the ladle age of a ladle for LF refining, which comprises the following steps:
1) Adding a powder spraying device on a refining furnace cover;
2) After tapping, the steel ladle enters a station to measure the thickness of the slag, and the amount of the slag is calculated according to the thickness of the slag;
3) Selecting a powder spraying and blowing model in the refining process according to the end point index and the slag quantity of the converter;
4) And performing powder spraying and blowing according to the blowing model in the refining process.
Preferably, in the step 1), the annular powder spraying device is arranged below the refining furnace cover, and the central line of the annular powder spraying device is 280-320 mm away from the outer side of the ladle cover.
Preferably, the powder spraying device is an annular hollow steel pipe, and a plurality of spraying holes with the distance of 100 +/-5 mm and the diameter of 15 +/-2 mm are arranged on the opposite surface of the powder spraying device and the steel ladle.
Preferably, the angle between the central line of the blowing hole and the vertical line is 14-16 degrees deviated from the center of the furnace cover, and the angle between the central line of the blowing hole and the vertical line is used for spraying powder to the position 50-100mm of the slag surface outside the electrode during spraying.
Preferably, the blowing time in the step 3) is 4.5 to 5.5min.
Preferably, in the step 3), the parameters of the powder spraying and blowing model include the amount of sprayed materials and the blowing time.
Preferably, the dusting powder comprises dolomite powder and coke powder.
Preferably, the powder spraying and blowing model is a dolomite powder surface and coke powder spraying and blowing model: the main parameters of the blowing model comprise the amount of sprayed materials and the blowing time, the blowing amount of the dolomite powder surface is determined according to the amount of slag, the MgO content of the initial slag in the steel ladle after tapping is 7-9%, the MgO content of the dolomite powder surface is 28-32%, the MgO content control target of the slag in the steel ladle in the refining and smelting process is 12-16%, and the adding amount of the dolomite powder surface in the model = the amount of slag after tapping (slag MgO control target in the refining process-average MgO content of the slag after tapping)/average MgO content of the dolomite powder surface.
Because the total amount of the slag is changed after the dolomite is added, the actual value of the MgO content of the slag in the refining process is less than the control target, and the adding amount of the dolomite can be properly increased in the actual operation; determining the coke powder amount according to the end point carbon content of the converter; and calculating the coke powder adding amount in the model according to production practice data and theoretical carbon-oxygen product of molten steel. And when the carbon content of the molten steel is 0.04-0.15%, adding the coke powder = slag amount, oxygen content in the molten steel/oxygen molecular weight ratio of oxygen and carbon in carbon and oxygen reaction products, and coke powder participates in the reaction proportion.
For example: based on 500kg of ladle slag, when the carbon content of molten steel is 0.15%, the oxygen content in the molten steel is 200ppm, the oxygen balance between the slag and the molten steel in the refining and smelting process is realized, the total oxygen content in the slag is 200ppm, the carbon content in coke breeze is 85%, 30% of coke breeze is added to participate in the reaction, the oxygen in the slag is completely removed, the coke breeze addition = the slag content, the oxygen content in the molten steel/the oxygen-carbon molecular weight ratio in a carbon-oxygen reaction product, the coke breeze carbon content = the reaction proportion = 500.02/(16/6)/0.85/0.3 =14.7kg, the carbon content is reduced by 1kg for +/-0.01%, and the coke breeze is reduced by 1kg.
Preferably, the blowing time is determined according to the total refining time, the heat with the total refining time less than or equal to 15min is controlled according to the lower limit of the blowing time, and the heat with the total refining time more than or equal to 15min is controlled according to the upper limit of the blowing time
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a method for improving the ladle age of a ladle for LF refining, which comprises the following steps:
1) Adding an annular powder spraying device on a refining furnace cover; adding an annular powder spraying device on a refining furnace cover: the distance between the central line of the annular powder spraying device and the outer side of the ladle cover is 280-320 mm; the angle of the powder spraying outlet is 14-16 degrees vertically deviated from the center of the refining ladle cover.
2) After tapping, the steel ladle enters a station to measure the thickness of the slag, the total amount of the slag is calculated according to the thickness of the slag (the diameter of the steel ladle and the density of the slag are relatively fixed, the thickness of the slag in the steel ladle can be determined according to the slag adhesion condition on tools such as an oxygen lance, a reinforcing steel bar and the like after being inserted into the steel ladle by a certain depth, the volume of the slag in the steel ladle can be calculated according to the parameters by using a cylinder volume formula, then the amount of the slag in the steel ladle is calculated according to the density of the slag, and the calculation process is a conventional technical means in the field);
3) Selecting a dolomite powder surface and coke powder blowing model in the refining process according to the end point index and the slag quantity of the furnace converter, wherein the blowing time is 4.5-5.5 min; the method specifically comprises the following steps: dolomite powder and coke breeze blowing model: the main parameters of the blowing model comprise the amount of sprayed materials and the blowing time, the blowing amount of the dolomite dust is determined according to the amount of slag, and the coke breeze amount is determined according to the end point carbon content of the converter; the blowing time is determined according to the total refining time.
4) And in the refining process, dolomite powder and coke breeze are blown according to a blowing model.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) According to the invention, the annular powder spraying device is additionally arranged on the refining furnace cover, after the steel ladle enters the station after tapping, a dolomite powder surface spraying model in the refining process is selected according to the end point index and the slag quantity of the furnace converter, and the dolomite powder surface and the coke breeze are sprayed, so that the slag composition and the oxidability in the refining and smelting process are improved, the corrosion of the slag in the refining process to the steel ladle is reduced, and the significance for improving the ladle age of the steel ladle is realized.
2) The invention plays a positive role in improving the adsorption and inclusion capacity of the refining slag and improving the quality of molten steel.
3) The invention avoids the safety accidents such as steel leakage of the steel ladle and the like caused by serious corrosion of the steel ladle lining.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a powder spraying device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial schematic view of the powder spraying device of the invention.
Reference numerals are as follows:
1. a refining furnace cover 2, a refining ladle cover 3, a blowing device 4, an electrode and 5 stock bins.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
Method for improving ladle age control of LF refining ladle in refining process of 150-ton ladle refining furnace
The invention provides a method for improving the ladle age of a ladle for LF refining, which comprises the following steps:
1) An annular powder spraying device is additionally arranged on the refining furnace cover 1; the distance between the central line of the annular injection device 3 and the refining ladle cover 2 is 300mm, the injection angle of the injection hole is vertically inclined to 15 degrees and downward, the injection angle can effectively inject powder to the 85mm position on the slag surface outside the electrode when in injection, the powder injection device is an annular hollow steel pipe and is arranged below the refining ladle cover, and a plurality of injection holes with the distance of 100mm and the diameter of 15mm are arranged on the opposite surface of the ladle;
2) The carbon of the converter steel tapping is 0.08%, the measured slag thickness of the steel ladle entering the station after the steel tapping is finished is 400mm, and the calculated slag amount is 0.932kg;
3) Before refining begins, selecting a blowing model to select 08Z900, blowing after 2 minutes of energization of an electrode 4 in refining, adding 300kg of lime and 50kg of fluorite in the process, adding 80kg of calcium carbide to the surface of slag from a furnace door of a storage bin 5, supplying power for 6 minutes for the first time, blowing for 4 minutes, measuring the temperature after stopping supplying power, measuring the temperature at 1555 ℃, continuing supplying power because the temperature does not reach the standard, starting blowing while supplying power, stopping blowing after 1 minute of blowing, supplying power for 3 minutes for the second time, stopping supplying power, measuring the temperature and sampling, enabling the temperature to reach 1570 ℃, carrying out soft blowing operation, taking out of the station after 6 minutes of soft blowing, and hanging the station into a casting machine for casting.
Comparative example 1
Method for improving ladle age control of LF refining ladle in refining process of 150-ton ladle refining furnace
1. A method of increasing the ladle age for LF refining, the method comprising the steps of:
1) The carbon of the converter steel tapping is 0.08%, and the thickness of the slag measured when the steel ladle enters the station after the steel tapping is finished is 400mm;
2) And (2) carrying out power-on operation after the ladle enters the station, adding 500kg of lime and 50kg of fluorite in the process, adding 100kg of calcium carbide to the surface of the slag from a furnace door, carrying out power supply for 6 minutes for the first time, measuring the temperature after stopping power supply, continuing power supply at the temperature of 1555 ℃, carrying out power supply for 3 minutes for the second time because the temperature does not reach the standard, stopping power supply, measuring the temperature, sampling, carrying out component standard at the temperature of 1570 ℃, carrying out soft blowing operation, leaving the station after carrying out soft blowing for 6 minutes, and hoisting the station into a casting machine for casting.
Comparative example 2
Method for improving ladle age control of LF refining ladle in refining process of 150-ton ladle refining furnace
A method of increasing the ladle age for LF refining, the method comprising the steps of:
1) The carbon of the converter steel tapping is 0.08%, and the thickness of the slag measured when the steel ladle enters the station after the steel tapping is finished is 400mm;
2) And (2) carrying out power-on operation after the ladle enters the station, adding 300kg of lime, 200kg of dolomite and 50kg of fluorite in the process, adding 80kg of calcium carbide and 40 kg of coke powder to the surface of the slag from a furnace door, carrying out power supply for 6 minutes for the first time, measuring the temperature after power supply is stopped, carrying out temperature measurement at 1555 ℃, continuing power supply because the temperature does not reach the standard, carrying out power supply for 3 minutes for the second time, stopping power supply, carrying out temperature measurement sampling, carrying out component standard at 1570 ℃, carrying out soft blowing operation, leaving the station after the soft blowing is carried out for 6 minutes, and hoisting the station into a casting machine for casting.
Comparative example 3
Method for improving ladle age control of LF refining ladle in refining process of 150-ton ladle refining furnace
A method of increasing the ladle age for LF refining, the method comprising the steps of:
1) Optimizing a steel ladle building process, wherein the material of a steel ladle lining adopts a high-quality material;
2) The carbon of the converter steel tapping is 0.08%, and the thickness of the slag measured when the steel ladle enters the station after the steel tapping is finished is 400mm;
3) And (2) carrying out power-on operation after the ladle enters the station, adding 500kg of lime and 50kg of fluorite in the process, adding 100kg of calcium carbide to the surface of the slag from a furnace door, carrying out power supply for 6 minutes for the first time, measuring the temperature after stopping power supply, continuing power supply at the temperature of 1555 ℃, carrying out power supply for 3 minutes for the second time because the temperature does not reach the standard, stopping power supply, measuring the temperature, sampling, carrying out component standard at the temperature of 1570 ℃, carrying out soft blowing operation, leaving the station after carrying out soft blowing for 6 minutes, and hoisting the station into a casting machine for casting.
The steel ladle of 50 times is used for offline of the example 1 and each of the comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, and the corrosion of each part of the steel ladle lining is compared, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 ladle lining erosion comparison
Tables 2 and 1 show that the contents of the dolomite fines plus the coke breeze blowing model (part) in the smelting process of the 150tLF refining furnace are matched with the specific implementation mode, when the end point carbon content is low and the slag amount is large, the reaction proportion of the coke breeze in the model is increased, and the coke breeze addition amount can be properly reduced. The mode of calculating the material quantity in the model specifically comprises the following steps: adopting a dolomite powder plus coke powder blowing model: the main parameters of the injection model comprise the amount of sprayed materials and the injection time, the injection amount of the dolomite powder surface is determined according to the amount of slag, the MgO content of the initial slag in the steel ladle after steel tapping is 7-9%, the MgO content of the dolomite powder surface is 28-32%, the MgO content control target of the slag in the steel ladle during the refining and smelting process is 12-16%, and the addition amount of the dolomite powder surface in the model = the amount of slag after steel tapping (the MgO control target of the slag during the refining process-the average MgO content of the slag after steel tapping)/the average MgO content of the dolomite powder surface. Because the total amount of the slag is changed after the dolomite is added, the actual value of the MgO content of the slag in the refining process is less than the control target, and the adding amount of the dolomite can be properly increased in the actual operation; determining the coke breeze amount according to the end point carbon content of the converter; and calculating the coke powder adding amount in the model according to production practice data and theoretical carbon-oxygen product of molten steel. Based on 500kg of ladle slag, when the carbon content of molten steel is 0.15%, the oxygen content in the molten steel is 200ppm, the oxygen balance between the slag and the molten steel in the refining and smelting process is realized, the total oxygen content in the slag is 200ppm, the carbon content in coke breeze is 85%, 30% of coke breeze is added to participate in the reaction, the oxygen in the slag is completely removed, the coke breeze addition = the slag content, the oxygen content in the molten steel/the oxygen-carbon molecular weight ratio in a carbon-oxygen reaction product, the coke breeze carbon content = the reaction proportion = 500.02/(16/6)/0.85/0.3 =14.7kg, the carbon content is reduced by 1kg for +/-0.01%, and the coke breeze is reduced by 1kg. The blowing time is determined according to the total refining time, the heat with the total refining time less than or equal to 15min is controlled according to the lower limit, and the heat with the total refining time more than or equal to 15min is controlled according to the upper limit.
TABLE 2 blowing model
Model numbering: the model number format is xxZxxx, the first two are the end point carbon content (e.g., 0.05% carbon content, the first two are 05); the third position is fixed as Z, the data behind the Z is the quantity of the slag in kg (for example, the slag quantity is 800kg, and the data behind the Z in the model is 800)
Table 3 comparison of example 1 with comparative costs
Conventional technical knowledge in the art can be used for the details which are not described in the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of increasing the ladle age for LF refining, the method comprising the steps of:
1) Adding a powder spraying device on a refining furnace cover;
2) After tapping, the steel ladle enters a station to measure the thickness of the slag, and the amount of the slag is calculated according to the thickness of the slag;
3) Selecting a powder spraying and blowing model in the refining process according to the end point index and the slag quantity of the converter;
4) And performing powder spraying and blowing according to the blowing model in the refining process.
2. The method for improving the ladle life of the ladle for the LF refining according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the annular powder spraying device is installed below a refining furnace cover, and the central line of the annular powder spraying device is 280-320 mm away from the outer side of the ladle cover.
3. The method for improving the ladle age for LF refining according to claim 2, wherein the powder injection device is a ring-shaped hollow steel pipe, and a plurality of blowing holes with a diameter of 15 + 2mm are arranged at intervals of 100 + 5mm on the opposite surface of the ladle.
4. The method for improving the ladle age for LF refining as recited in claim 3, wherein the angle of the central line of the blowing hole to the vertical line is 14-16 ° offset from the center of the furnace cover, and the angle of the central line of the blowing hole to the vertical line is used for spraying the powder to the slag surface 50-100mm outside the electrode when spraying.
5. The method for improving the ladle age for LF refining according to claim 1, wherein the blowing time in step 3) is 4.5-5.5 min.
6. The method for improving the ladle age for LF refining according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the powder injection and blowing model parameters comprise a material injection amount and a blowing time.
7. The method for improving the ladle age for LF refining of claim 1, wherein the injection powder comprises dolomite dust and coke breeze.
8. The method for improving the ladle age for LF refining according to claim 7, wherein the powder injection blowing model is a dolomite powder surface + coke breeze blowing model: the main parameters of the blowing model comprise the amount of sprayed materials and the blowing time, the blowing amount of the dolomite powder surface is determined according to the amount of slag, the MgO content of the initial slag in the steel ladle after tapping is 7-9%, the MgO content of the dolomite powder surface is 28-32%, the MgO content control target of the slag in the steel ladle in the refining and smelting process is 12-16%, and the adding amount of the dolomite powder surface in the model = the amount of slag after tapping (slag MgO control target in the refining process-average MgO content of the slag after tapping)/average MgO content of the dolomite powder surface.
9. The method for improving the age of a ladle for LF refining according to claim 7, wherein in the powder injection blowing model, the amount of coke breeze is determined according to the end-point carbon content of a converter; and (3) calculating the adding amount of the coke powder in the model according to production data and theoretical carbon-oxygen product of the molten steel, wherein when the carbon content of the molten steel is 0.04-0.15%, the adding amount of the coke powder = slag amount and oxygen content in the molten steel/oxygen content in carbon-oxygen reaction product and coke powder participates in the reaction ratio.
10. The method for prolonging the ladle age for LF refining according to claim 7, wherein in the powder injection and injection model, the injection time is determined according to the total refining time, the heat with the total refining time of less than or equal to 15min is controlled according to the lower limit of the injection time, and the heat with the total refining time of more than or equal to 15min is controlled according to the upper limit of the injection time.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116287551A (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-06-23 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | A method of protecting the slag line of refining ladle |
| CN117102443A (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-11-24 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | A method for online spraying of ladle slag lines |
| CN119609081A (en) * | 2024-12-23 | 2025-03-14 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | A method for reducing ladle casting temperature drop and refining furnace |
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| CN202626233U (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-12-26 | 河北钢铁集团有限公司 | LF refining device with powder injection function |
| CN206127353U (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-04-26 | 河钢股份有限公司承德分公司 | LF stove gas protective device |
| JP2017171983A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2017-09-28 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Method for reducing coarse inclusion by lf treatment |
| CN213179464U (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2021-05-11 | 成都亿兆晶创科技有限公司 | Top-blown powder spraying system for electric furnace smelting and integrated furnace cover system thereof |
| CN214270950U (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-09-24 | 江苏沙钢集团淮钢特钢股份有限公司 | LF stove is concise blows slag face deoxidation device |
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| JPH1072616A (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-03-17 | Nippon Carbon Co Ltd | Ladle refining method for molten metal and its refining equipment |
| CN202626233U (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-12-26 | 河北钢铁集团有限公司 | LF refining device with powder injection function |
| JP2017171983A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2017-09-28 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Method for reducing coarse inclusion by lf treatment |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116287551A (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-06-23 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | A method of protecting the slag line of refining ladle |
| CN117102443A (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-11-24 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | A method for online spraying of ladle slag lines |
| CN119609081A (en) * | 2024-12-23 | 2025-03-14 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | A method for reducing ladle casting temperature drop and refining furnace |
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| CN115747416B (en) | 2024-01-02 |
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