CN115746958A - Natural tea extract fragrance base ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process - Google Patents
Natural tea extract fragrance base ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process Download PDFInfo
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- CN115746958A CN115746958A CN202211453410.2A CN202211453410A CN115746958A CN 115746958 A CN115746958 A CN 115746958A CN 202211453410 A CN202211453410 A CN 202211453410A CN 115746958 A CN115746958 A CN 115746958A
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aroma base extraction, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process for extracting aroma base from natural tea, which comprises the following steps: injecting an extracting agent from the top of the extracting tank body, wherein the extracting agent can be fully contacted with the tea in the extracting tank body in the descending process to extract the effective components in the tea to obtain tea extract; the tea extract liquid flows out from the bottom of the extraction tank body and then continuously flows into the distillation extraction device to be heated until effective components are evaporated, the effective components obtained by evaporation are condensed and collected through the collecting pipe and the cooling sleeve, namely the natural tea extract essence base, and the extracting agent flows out from the distillation device and flows back into the extraction tank body. According to the invention, the arrangement of the conical sprinkling plate increases the contact uniformity of the extracting agent and the material, the liquid mixing mechanism which is stirred on the partition plate table is matched to fully realize the contact of the material and the extracting agent, and the contact area of the extracting agent and the material is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aroma-based extraction, in particular to an ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process for extracting aroma from natural tea.
Background
The essence base is also called as a base essence or a main essence, is the basis of the essence main body, is the main body of the essence formula and has the largest using amount. The essence base is not directly used in the perfuming products and is only used as the main component of the fragrance of the essence, so the essence base is the basis for preparing the essence and is called as a semi-finished product of the essence.
The natural tea essence base is prepared by adding a certain amount of tea leaves and water into an extraction container to soak and extract, and adjusting the flavor and the extraction yield by setting different extraction temperatures, time, water-tea ratio, extraction times, stirring frequency and the like, but the problems of stuffy taste and relatively high turbidity often exist.
The extraction tank is usually adopted in the extraction process of the tea aroma base, and the inventor finds that the extraction tank provided in the market generally comprises a tank body, a steam inlet, a steam outlet, a first feed inlet, a second feed inlet and a discharge outlet, wherein the steam inlet is positioned at one side of the tank body, the steam outlet is positioned at the other side of the tank body, the first feed inlet is positioned at the top of the tank body, the second feed inlet is positioned at the lower part of the tank body, the discharge outlet is positioned at the bottom of the tank body, materials and solvent enter the tank body from the first feed inlet and the second feed inlet respectively, and the materials and the solvent can keep relative motion, so that the contact rate of the materials and the solvent is improved; however, the extraction tank has small relative movement amount of the materials and the extractant and short contact time, so a novel extraction process capable of improving the contact time of the extractant and the materials is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a natural tea extraction fragrance-based ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process, which comprises an extraction tank body, a distillation extraction device and an installation table fixed above the extraction tank body in an inclined manner, and comprises the following steps:
s1: injecting an extracting agent from the top of the extracting tank body, wherein the extracting agent can be fully contacted with the tea in the extracting tank body in the descending process, and then extracting effective components in the tea to obtain tea extract; the tea extract finally flows out from the bottom of the extraction tank body;
s2: the tea extract liquid continuously flows into a heating component, namely a distillation extraction device, and is heated until effective components in the tea extract liquid can be evaporated, the effective components obtained by evaporation are condensed and collected through a collecting pipe and a cooling sleeve, namely the natural tea extract essence base, and an extracting agent flows out of the distillation device and is injected into the extraction tank body from the top of the extraction tank body after being processed into required concentration through concentration processing.
Preferably, a top pipe communicated with the interior of the extraction tank body is reserved in the middle of the top end of the extraction tank body, a feeding jack is reserved at a position, close to the middle, of the top end of the extraction tank body, a liquid inlet pipe is inserted into the feeding jack, and an external pump is arranged between the liquid inlet pipe and the outlet end of the distillation and extraction device; the extraction tank is used for pumping distilled extractant in the distillation extraction device into the extraction tank body again for cyclic utilization, a liquid outlet pipe is arranged between the bottom end of the extraction tank body and the inlet end of the distillation extraction device, a plurality of layers of partition plate tables which are distributed equidistantly are fixed inside the extraction tank body, a water flowing hole is reserved in the middle of each partition plate table so that the upper-layer extractant flows into the lower layer to continue to react with the lower-layer material, an overflow pipe is fixed on the upper surface of each partition plate table, which is positioned at the top end of each water flowing hole, a rotatable liquid mixing mechanism is sleeved on the outer circumferential wall of each overflow pipe, each liquid mixing mechanism comprises a rotating sleeve sleeved on the outer circumferential wall of each overflow pipe, rib plates with the surfaces perpendicular to the partition plate tables are arranged on the outer circumferential walls of the rotating sleeves, the extending directions of the rib plates pass through the central axis of the extraction tank body, three screw holes which are distributed equidistantly are formed in the middles of the rib plates, screw shafts are all screwed with screw shafts, and scraping plates are fixed at the same ends of the screw shafts; the inner wall of the bottom of the extraction tank body is provided with a shaft lever bearing seat extending to the middle of the extraction tank body, the upper surface of one end of the shaft lever bearing seat extending to the middle of the extraction tank body is rotatably connected with a transmission shaft lever, a plurality of conical sprinkling plates distributed at equal intervals are fixed on the outer circumferential wall of the transmission shaft lever, and the conical sprinkling plates are positioned on the lower surface of each partition plate table; the extraction agent flowing down from the overflow pipe from top to bottom can be uniformly dispersed on the material on the upper surface of the next partition plate table by the arrangement of the conical sprinkling plate, so that the contact uniformity with the material is increased, the contact between the material and the extraction agent can be fully realized by matching with a liquid mixing mechanism stirred on the partition plate table, and the contact area between the extraction agent and the material is increased; a refrigerating sleeve is arranged at the periphery of the extraction tank body, and refrigerating liquid is arranged in the refrigerating sleeve; still be provided with ultrasonic wave generating device on drawing jar body outer wall.
Preferably, the height of the rib plate is lower than that of the top nozzle of the overflow pipe, and a plurality of intercepting gaps are formed in the top nozzle of the overflow pipe; through the height that so sets up, can let the whole scraper blade that becomes comb form fully realize the contact of extractant and material at the upper surface of baffle platform, avoid the extractant all the time with the contact of the material overlength time of certain department, the material residue also flows or blocks up the export from the mouth of pipe of overflow pipe when the interception breach that the cooperation set up can avoid stirring.
Preferably, the length of three scraper blades is prolonged in proper order along the extending direction of muscle floor, and the scraper blade that is close to transmission shaft pole department is the longest, and extractant and the material after will mixing strike the inner wall of extraction tank body fast under the effect of rotatory scraper blade centrifugal force, accelerate the mixture of extractant and material.
Preferably, a plurality of triangular bouncing blocks distributed in a circular ring shape are fixed on the upper surface of the partition board close to the circular edge of the rotating sleeve, a round angle is formed on the lower surface of the rib board close to one side edge of the triangular bouncing blocks, a plurality of roller grooves are formed in the circumferential inner wall of the rotating sleeve, rollers are arranged in the roller grooves, the circumferential outer wall of each roller is in contact with the circumferential outer wall of the overflow pipe, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the circumferential outer wall of the rotating sleeve; so that the extractant flows out from the nozzle of the overflow pipe to the lower layer through the through hole to be extracted continuously; an inner gear ring is fixed at the edge of the top end of the rotating sleeve, and a shifting toothed bar meshed with the inner gear ring is fixed on the circumferential outer wall of the transmission shaft lever; the rotation of the rotating sleeve can be realized by the rotation of the transmission shaft lever in cooperation with the shifting of the shifting rack bar, and the inner gear ring can move up and down within a certain range in the rotating process; through the arrangement of the triangular bouncing blocks, the rotating sleeve continuously jumps when the rib plates and the scrapers are driven to rotate, the trends of the extracting agents and materials are pushed to be in a wave linear structure, and the mixing effect is improved.
Preferably, two U-shaped liquid inlets are formed in the bottom ends of the rib plates, and the U-shaped liquid inlets are located between the two adjacent scraping plates; the resistance of the rib plate during rotation can be reduced, a penetrating through hole is formed in the position, close to the top, of one end, far away from the rotating sleeve, of the rib plate, three strip-shaped holes which are mutually communicated with the through hole are formed in the upper surface of the rib plate, an adjusting pull rod is connected in the through hole in a sliding mode, three sliding columns which respectively penetrate through the strip-shaped holes are fixed on the outer wall of the adjusting pull rod, rectangular holes are formed in the surfaces of the sliding columns, and a shifting stop rod which penetrates through the rectangular holes is fixed at the edge of the top end of each scraper; the plate surface inclination angles of the three scrapers can be changed simultaneously by axially pulling the adjusting drawing rod, so that the resistance and the mixing efficiency are changed.
Preferably, the distillation and extraction device comprises a tank body which is integrally in a cylindrical box structure, a plurality of gap baffles which are distributed in a staggered manner are arranged inside the tank body, so that liquid inside the tank body can flow in an S shape, a heating mechanism is arranged in each cavity, an L-shaped collecting pipe is inserted into the top end of the middle cavity, and a cooling sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the collecting pipe, which is close to the pipe orifice; through the setting of the breach baffle of external pump and crisscross distribution, can let the extractant reentrant the top of drawing the jar body, accomplish the circulation and draw, improved extraction efficiency.
Preferably, a feeding pipe is reserved on the outer wall of the extraction tank body and positioned on the upper surface of each partition board platform, the bottom end of the pipe orifice of each feeding pipe is flush with the upper surface of each partition board platform, and a sealing cover plate is arranged at the position of the outer pipe orifice of each feeding pipe; the raw materials and the waste materials can be added and taken out more conveniently through the arrangement of the feeding pipe.
Preferably, an L-shaped bearing frame located right above the extraction tank body is fixed on the upper surface of the mounting table close to the edge, a round rod is rotatably connected in the middle of the L-shaped bearing frame, a driven gear and a butt joint shaft tube are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the round rod, a driving motor is fixed on the upper surface of the mounting table, a driving gear is fixed at the top end of an output shaft of the driving motor, and a planetary gear meshed with the driving gear and the driven gear at the same time is fixed at the top end of the L-shaped bearing frame; the bottom end of the butt joint shaft tube is rotatably connected with a shifting shaft inserted into the butt joint shaft tube, the top end of the shifting shaft is fixedly provided with a positioning plate, the lower surface of the positioning plate, which is close to the circumferential edge, is fixedly provided with positioning lugs distributed at equal intervals, the bottom of the butt joint shaft tube, which is close to the circumferential edge, is reserved with limiting grooves matched with the positioning lugs in shape, the circumferential outer wall of the shifting shaft, which is close to the upper part of the top tube, is welded with a positioning pressing plate, the lower surface of the positioning pressing plate is rotatably connected with a spring retainer ring sleeved on the outer wall of the shifting shaft, and a reset spring is fixedly arranged between the lower surface of the spring retainer ring and the top end of the top tube; a sealing ring is sleeved at the lower position of the circumferential outer wall of the channeling shaft, which is close to the pipe orifice of the top pipe, a quantitative tray with an upward opening is fixed at the bottom end of the channeling shaft, a hexagonal pipe is fixed on the lower surface of the quantitative tray, and a hexagonal prism matched with the hexagonal pipe is fixed at the top end of the transmission shaft rod; through the setting of ration tray, when carrying out the extractant filling, slowly take then to scurry the moving axis decline along with the weight of ration tray slowly increases, meanwhile, the locating plate also slowly descends, until with the spacing groove interlock of butt joint central siphon bottom, scurry the moving axis this moment and begin to take the ration tray to rotate, drive the transmission shaft lever of bottom promptly and rotate and spill the extractant on the ration tray.
Preferably, the outer wall of the quantitative tray is provided with three liquid outlets, the outer wall of the shifting shaft is fixed with three tension spring springs extending into the liquid outlets, the end parts of the tension spring springs are fixed with blocking plates, and the extracting agent can be thrown out of the liquid outlets under the action of centrifugal force.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. through the setting of the board is spilt to the toper, can from top to bottom follow the overflow pipe in the even dispersion of extraction agent that flows down on the material of next baffle bench surface, increase with the contact uniformity of material, the cooperation can fully realize the contact of material and extraction agent at the liquid mechanism that mixes of baffle bench stirring, increases the area of contact of extraction agent and material.
2. The rotation of the rotating sleeve can be realized by rotating the transmission shaft lever to be matched with the gear lever, and the inner gear ring can move up and down within a certain range in the rotating process; the arrangement of the triangular bouncing block is matched, so that the rotating sleeve continuously jumps when the rib plate and the scraper are driven to rotate, the trend of the extracting agent and the material is pushed to be in a wave linear structure, and the mixing effect is improved.
3. Through the setting of external pump and the breach baffle of crisscross distribution, can let the extractant reentrant and draw the top of jar body, accomplish the circulation and draw, improved extraction efficiency.
4. Through the setting of ration tray, when carrying out the extractant filling, slowly take then to scurry the moving axis decline along with the weight of ration tray slowly increases, meanwhile, the locating plate also slowly descends, until with the spacing groove interlock of butt joint central siphon bottom, scurry the moving axis this moment and begin to take the ration tray to rotate, drive the transmission shaft lever of bottom promptly and rotate and spill the extractant on the ration tray.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an extraction tank in the natural tea aroma extraction base ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a half-section three-dimensional structure of an extraction tank in the natural tea aroma-extraction-based ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid mixing mechanism in the natural tea aroma extraction base ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a quantitative tray in the natural tea aroma-extraction-based ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a distillation and extraction device in a natural tea aroma-extraction-based ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process provided by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a quantitative tray bearing weight in the natural tea aroma-extraction-based ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process provided by the invention;
FIG. 7 is an assembly structure diagram of a liquid mixing mechanism of a natural tea aroma-extracting base ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a scraper adjustment mechanism in the natural tea aroma-extracting base ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process provided by the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the squeegee of the present invention adjusted to be in a vertical state;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the present invention when raw materials are charged;
fig. 11 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the transmission lever of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an extraction tank body; 2. a spring collar; 3. a moving shaft; 4. a drive motor; 5. a mounting table; 6. an L-shaped bearing bracket; 7. a driven gear; 8. butt-jointing the shaft tubes; 9. positioning a pressing plate; 10. a return spring; 11. jacking pipes; 12. a liquid inlet pipe; 13. sealing the cover plate; 14. an external pump; 15. cooling the sleeve; 16. a distillation extraction device; 17. a liquid outlet pipe; 18. a feed pipe; 19. a liquid mixing mechanism; 191. an inner gear ring; 192. rotating the sleeve; 193. a squeegee; 194. a rib plate; 195. a U-shaped liquid inlet; 196. a screw shaft; 197. round corners; 198. a through hole; 199. a roller; 20. a drive shaft; 21. a shaft lever bearing seat; 22. a bulkhead table; 23. a hexagonal prism; 24. a liquid outlet; 25. a dosing tray; 26. blocking plates; 27. a triangular bouncing block; 28. poking the rack bar; 29. a seal ring; 30. a tension spring; 31. a notch baffle plate; 32. a heating mechanism; 33. a collection pipe; 34. positioning a plate; 35. positioning the bump; 36. a feed jack; 37. an overflow pipe; 38. intercepting a gap; 39. shifting the stop lever; 40. a strip-shaped hole; 41. a sliding post; 42. a rectangular hole; 43. adjusting the drawing rod; 44. an electric push rod; 45. a U-shaped compression bar; 46. a conical sprinkling plate; 47. an ultrasonic wave generating device; 48-refrigeration sleeve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-10, a natural tea extraction aroma base ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process comprises an extraction tank body 1, a distillation extraction device 16 and an installation table 5 fixed above the extraction tank body 1 in an inclined manner, and comprises the following production steps:
s1: injecting an extracting agent from the top of the extracting tank body 1, wherein the extracting agent can be fully contacted with the tea leaves in the extracting tank body 1 in the descending process, and then extracting effective components in the tea leaves to obtain tea extract; the tea extract finally flows out from the bottom of the extraction tank body 1;
s2: the tea extract liquid continuously flows into the heating component, namely the distillation extraction device 16 for heating treatment, the effective components in the tea extract liquid are evaporated by heating, the effective components obtained by evaporation are condensed and collected through the collecting pipe 33 and the cooling sleeve 15, namely the natural tea extract essence base, and the extracting agent flows out of the distillation device 16 and is injected into the extraction tank body 1 from the top of the extraction tank body 1 after being processed into the required concentration through the concentration treatment.
A natural tea aroma extraction base ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process comprises an extraction tank body 1, a mounting table 5 and a distillation extraction device 16, wherein the mounting table 5 and the distillation extraction device 16 are fixed above the extraction tank body 1 in an inclined mode, a top pipe 11 communicated with the interior of the extraction tank body 1 is reserved in the middle of the top end of the extraction tank body 1, a feeding jack 36 is reserved in the position, close to the middle, of the top end of the extraction tank body 1, a liquid inlet pipe 12 is connected in the feeding jack 36 in an inserted mode, and an external pump 14 is arranged between the liquid inlet pipe 12 and the outlet end of the distillation extraction device 16; the extraction tank is used for pumping distilled extractant in the distillation extraction device 16 into the extraction tank body 1 again for cyclic utilization, a liquid outlet pipe 17 is arranged between the bottom end of the extraction tank body 1 and the inlet end of the distillation extraction device 16, a plurality of layers of partition plate tables 22 which are distributed equidistantly are fixed inside the extraction tank body 1, a water flowing hole is reserved in the middle of each partition plate table 22, so that the upper-layer extractant flows into the lower layer to be continuously extracted with the lower-layer material, an overflow pipe 37 is fixed on the upper surface of each partition plate table 22, a rotatable liquid mixing mechanism 19 is sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of each overflow pipe 37, each liquid mixing mechanism 19 comprises a rotating sleeve 192 sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of each overflow pipe 37, rib plates 194 which are vertical to the partition plate tables 22 are arranged on the circumferential outer wall of each rotating sleeve 192, the extending directions of the rib plates 194 pass through the central axis of the extraction tank body 1, three screw holes which are distributed equidistantly are formed in the middles of the rib plates 194, screw shafts 196 are all screwed in the screw holes, and scrapers 193 are fixed at the same ends of the screw shafts 196; the inner wall of the bottom of the extraction tank body 1 is provided with a shaft lever bearing seat 21 extending to the middle of the extraction tank body, the upper surface of one end of the shaft lever bearing seat 21 extending to the middle of the extraction tank body 1 is rotatably connected with a transmission shaft lever 20, the outer circumferential wall of the transmission shaft lever 20 is fixedly provided with a plurality of conical sprinkling plates 46 distributed at equal intervals, and the conical sprinkling plates 46 are positioned on the lower surface of each partition plate table 22; through the setting of the toper board 46 that spills, can be from top to bottom from the even dispersion of extractant that the overflow pipe 37 flows down on the material of next baffle platform 22 upper surface, increase the contact homogeneity of extractant and material, the liquid mixing mechanism 19 of stirring on the baffle platform 22 of cooperation can fully realize the contact of material and extractant, increases the area of contact of extractant and material.
The rib plate 194 is lower than the top nozzle of the overflow pipe 37, and a plurality of intercepting gaps 38 are formed at the top nozzle of the overflow pipe 37; through such height that sets up, can let the whole scraper blade 193 that becomes comb form fully realize the contact of extractant and material at the upper surface of baffle platform 22, avoid the extractant all the time with the material overlength contact of a certain department, the interception breach 38 that the cooperation set up can avoid when stirring material residue also from the mouth of pipe of overflow pipe 37 outflow or block up the export.
In the invention, the lengths of the three scrapers 193 are sequentially increased along the extension direction of the ribbed plates 194, the scraper 193 close to the transmission shaft rod 20 is the longest, and the mixed extractant and the material are quickly impacted on the inner wall of the extraction tank body 1 under the action of the centrifugal force of the rotating scraper 193, so that the mixing of the extractant and the material is accelerated.
Referring to fig. 2-3 and fig. 7, a plurality of triangular bouncing blocks 27 distributed in a circular ring shape are fixed on the upper surface of the partition board 22 near the circular edge of the rotating sleeve 192, a round angle 197 is formed on the lower surface of the rib board 194 near one side edge of the triangular bouncing blocks 27, a plurality of roller grooves are formed on the circumferential inner wall of the rotating sleeve 192, rollers 199 are arranged in the roller grooves, the circumferential outer wall of the rollers 199 is in contact with the circumferential outer wall of the overflow pipe 37, and a plurality of through holes 198 are formed on the circumferential outer wall of the rotating sleeve 192; so that the extractant flows out of the nozzle of the overflow pipe 37 through the through hole 198 to the lower layer for continuous extraction; an inner gear ring 191 is fixed at the top edge of the rotating sleeve 192, and a toggle toothed bar 28 meshed with the inner gear ring 191 is fixed on the circumferential outer wall of the transmission shaft rod 20; the rotation of the rotating sleeve 192 can be realized by the rotation of the transmission shaft rod 20 in cooperation with the shifting of the shifting rack rod 28, and the inner gear ring 191 can move up and down in a certain range in the rotating process; through the arrangement of the triangular bouncing block 27, the rotating sleeve 192 continuously generates bouncing when the rib plate 194 and the scraping plate 193 are driven to rotate, the trend of the extracting agent and the material is pushed to be in a wave linear structure, and the mixing effect is improved.
Referring to fig. 7, the bottom end of the rib plate 194 is provided with two U-shaped liquid inlets 195, and the U-shaped liquid inlets 195 are located between two adjacent scraping plates 193; the resistance of the ribbed plates 194 in rotation can be reduced, a through hole is formed in the position, close to the top, of one end, far away from the rotating sleeve 192, of each ribbed plate 194, three strip-shaped holes 40 which are mutually communicated with the through hole are formed in the upper surface of each ribbed plate 194, an adjusting pull rod 43 is connected in the through hole in a sliding mode, three sliding columns 41 which respectively penetrate through the strip-shaped holes 40 are fixed on the outer wall of the adjusting pull rod 43, rectangular holes 42 are formed in the surfaces of the sliding columns 41, and a shifting stop rod 39 which penetrates through the rectangular holes 42 is fixed on the edge of the top end of each scraper 193; the plate surface inclination angles of the three scrapers 193 can be changed simultaneously by pulling the adjusting pulling rod 43 axially, so that the resistance and the mixing efficiency are changed.
Referring to fig. 2 and 5, the distillation and extraction device 16 includes a tank body having a cylindrical box structure as a whole, and a plurality of gap baffles 31 are arranged inside the tank body and are distributed in a staggered manner to allow liquid inside to flow in an S-shape, a heating mechanism 32 is arranged inside each chamber, an L-shaped collecting pipe 33 is inserted into the top end of the chamber in the middle, and a cooling sleeve 15 is sleeved on the outer wall of the collecting pipe 33 near the pipe opening; through the arrangement of the external pump 14 and the notch baffles 31 distributed in a staggered manner, the extracting agent can enter the top end of the extracting tank body 1 again, the circulating extraction is completed, and the extraction efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a feeding pipe 18 is reserved on the outer wall of the extraction tank body 1 on the upper surface of each partition board table 22, the bottom end of the pipe orifice of the feeding pipe 18 is flush with the upper surface of the partition board table 22, and a sealing cover plate 13 is arranged at the outer pipe orifice of the feeding pipe 18; the feeding and taking-out of raw materials and waste materials can be more convenient through the arrangement of the feeding pipe 18.
Referring to fig. 4 and 6, an L-shaped bearing frame 6 located right above the extraction tank body 1 is fixed on the upper surface of the mounting table 5 near the edge, a round bar is rotatably connected in the middle of the L-shaped bearing frame 6, a driven gear 7 and a butt joint shaft tube 8 are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the round bar, a driving motor 4 is fixed on the upper surface of the mounting table 5, a driving gear is fixed at the top end of an output shaft of the driving motor 4, and a planetary gear meshed with the driving gear and the driven gear 7 at the same time is fixed at the top end of the L-shaped bearing frame 6; the bottom end of the butt joint shaft tube 8 is rotatably connected with a shifting shaft 3 inserted into the butt joint shaft tube 8, the top end of the shifting shaft 3 is fixed with a positioning plate 34, positioning lugs 35 which are distributed equidistantly are fixed on the lower surface of the positioning plate 34 close to the circumferential edge, a limiting groove matched with the positioning lugs 35 in shape is reserved on the bottom of the butt joint shaft tube 8 close to the circumferential edge, a positioning pressing plate 9 is welded on the circumferential outer wall of the shifting shaft 3 close to the upper part of the top tube 11, the lower surface of the positioning pressing plate 9 is rotatably connected with a spring retainer ring 2 sleeved on the outer wall of the shifting shaft 3, and a reset spring 10 is fixed between the lower surface of the spring retainer ring 2 and the top end of the top tube 11; a sealing ring 29 is sleeved on the lower position of the circumferential outer wall of the shifting shaft 3 close to the pipe orifice of the top pipe 11, a quantitative tray 25 with an upward opening is fixed at the bottom end of the shifting shaft 3, a hexagonal pipe is fixed on the lower surface of the quantitative tray 25, and a hexagonal prism 23 matched with the hexagonal pipe is fixed at the top end of the transmission shaft rod 20; through the setting of ration tray 25, when carrying out the extractant filling, slowly drive then and scurry moving shaft 3 and descend along with the weight of ration tray 25 slowly increases, and meanwhile, locating plate 34 also slowly descends, until with the spacing groove interlock of butt joint central siphon 8 bottom, scurry moving shaft 3 this moment and begin to drive ration tray 25 and rotate, drive the transmission shaft pole 20 rotation of bottom promptly and spill the extractant on the ration tray 25.
Referring to fig. 2 and 10, the outer wall of the quantitative tray 25 is provided with three liquid outlets 24, the outer wall of the shifting shaft 3 is fixed with three tension spring springs 30 extending into the liquid outlets 24, the end parts of the tension spring springs 30 are fixed with blocking plates 26, and the extractant can be thrown out of the liquid outlets 24 under the centrifugal action; an electric push rod 44 is fixed on one side of the mounting table 5 close to the butt joint shaft tube 8, and a U-shaped pressure rod 45 clamped above the positioning pressure plate 9 is fixedly arranged at the end part of an extension rod of the electric push rod 44; through the arrangement of the U-shaped pressure lever 45, the shifting shaft 3 can be actively pressed down until the relative fixation with the butt joint shaft tube 8 is formed when the feeding is needed.
In the present invention, in order to achieve better extraction effect, a refrigeration sleeve 48 may be provided on the outer periphery of the extraction tank body 1, and a refrigerant liquid is provided in the refrigeration sleeve 48, so that low temperature assisted extraction can be achieved.
In addition, still be provided with ultrasonic wave generating device 47 on extracting jar body 1 outer wall, ultrasonic wave generating device 47 installs and plays the supplementary purpose of extracting on extracting jar body 1's outer wall, when extracting, thereby ultrasonic wave generating device 47 sends the supersound and increases mechanical vibration and improve the dissolution effect and reach the promotion that extracts the effect.
According to the working principle, firstly, an extracting agent is injected from the top of an extraction tank body 1 through an external pump 14, at the moment, the quantitative tray 25 is slowly filled with the extracting agent, meanwhile, the quantitative tray 25 slowly drives a channeling shaft 3 to descend along with the slow increase of the weight, then, a positioning plate 34 also slowly descends until being meshed with a limiting groove at the bottom end of a butt joint shaft tube 8, at the moment, a driving motor 4 is started, the output end of the motor drives a driving gear to rotate, then a planetary gear is driven to move, the planetary gear drives a driven gear 7 to rotate, then the channeling shaft 3 starts to rotate, the channeling shaft 3 starts to drive the quantitative tray 25 to rotate, namely, a transmission shaft rod 20 at the bottom is driven to rotate, and the extracting agent on the quantitative tray 25 is spilled out; when the transmission shaft lever 20 rotates, the liquid mixing mechanism 19 sleeved on the outer wall of the overflow pipe 37 is also driven to rotate, and the inner gear ring 191 can move up and down within a certain range in the rotating process; through the arrangement of the triangular bouncing block 27, the rotating sleeve 192 continuously bounces when the rib plate 194 and the scraping plate 193 are driven to rotate, and the trend of the extracting agent and the material is pushed to be in a wave linear structure; along with the continuous filling of the extractant, the extractant flows to the next layer of partition board table 22 through the nozzle of the overflow pipe 37; and finally, the tea extract flows into the distillation and extraction device 16 from the liquid outlet pipe 17 at the bottom end, and the natural tea extract can be separated and collected.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered as the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a natural tea is extracted fragrant base supersound and is assisted continuous countercurrent extraction technology of low temperature, includes and draws jar body (1), distillation extraction element (16) and fix mount table (5) in drawing jar body (1) oblique top, its characterized in that, the technology includes following step:
s1: injecting an extracting agent from the top of the extracting tank body (1), wherein the extracting agent can be fully contacted with the tea leaves in the extracting tank body (1) in the descending process, and then extracting effective components in the tea leaves to obtain a tea extract; the tea extract finally flows out from the bottom of the extraction tank body (1);
s2: the tea extract continuously flows into a heating component, namely a distillation extraction device (16), for heating treatment, the effective components in the tea extract can be evaporated by heating, the effective components obtained by evaporation are condensed and collected through a collecting pipe (33) and a cooling sleeve (15), namely, the natural tea extract essence base is obtained, and an extracting agent flows out of the distillation device (16), is subjected to concentration treatment to obtain the required concentration, and then is injected into the extraction tank body (1) from the top of the extraction tank body (1).
2. The ultrasonic assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process for extracting fragrance from natural tea according to claim 1, characterized in that a top pipe (11) communicated with the interior of the extraction tank body (1) is reserved in the middle of the top end of the extraction tank body (1), a feeding jack (36) is reserved at a position, close to the middle, of the top end of the extraction tank body (1), a liquid inlet pipe (12) is inserted into the feeding jack (36), and an external pump (14) is arranged between the liquid inlet pipe (12) and the outlet end of the distillation extraction device (16); a liquid outlet pipe (17) is arranged between the bottom end of the extraction tank body (1) and the inlet end of the distillation extraction device (16), a plurality of layers of partition plate tables (22) which are distributed equidistantly are fixed inside the extraction tank body (1), a water flowing hole is reserved in the middle of each partition plate table (22), an overflow pipe (37) is fixed on the top end of the water flowing hole on the upper surface of each partition plate table (22), a rotatable liquid mixing mechanism (19) is sleeved on the outer circumferential wall of each overflow pipe (37), each liquid mixing mechanism (19) comprises a rotating sleeve (192) sleeved on the outer circumferential wall of each overflow pipe (37), a rib plate (194) is arranged on the outer circumferential wall of each rotating sleeve (192), the surface of each rib plate is perpendicular to the partition plate table (22), the extending direction of each rib plate (194) passes through the central axis of the extraction tank body (1), three screw holes which are distributed equidistantly are formed in the middle of each rib plate (194), a screw shaft (196) is screwed in each screw hole, and a scraper plate (193) is fixed at the same end of each screw shaft (196); the inner wall of the bottom of the extraction tank body (1) is provided with a shaft lever bearing seat (21) extending to the middle of the extraction tank body (1), the upper surface of one end, extending to the middle of the extraction tank body (1), of the shaft lever bearing seat (21) is rotatably connected with a transmission shaft lever (20), a plurality of conical sprinkling plates (46) distributed at equal intervals are fixed on the outer wall of the circumference of the transmission shaft lever (20), and the conical sprinkling plates (46) are positioned on the lower surface of each partition plate table (22); a refrigerating sleeve (48) is arranged at the periphery of the extraction tank body (1), and refrigerating fluid is arranged in the refrigerating sleeve (48); the outer wall of the extraction tank body (1) is also provided with an ultrasonic generating device (47).
3. The ultrasonic assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process for natural tea extract aroma base as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the height of said rib plate (194) is lower than the height of the top nozzle of the overflow pipe (37), and a plurality of interception notches (38) are opened at the top nozzle of the overflow pipe (37).
4. The ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process for natural tea extract flavor base, according to claim 3, is characterized in that the lengths of the three scrapers (193) are sequentially lengthened along the extending direction of the rib plates (194), the scraper (193) close to the transmission shaft rod (20) is the longest, and the mixed extractant and material are quickly impacted to the inner wall of the extraction tank body (1) under the centrifugal force of the rotating scrapers (193).
5. The ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process for natural tea extract flavor base, according to claim 2, is characterized in that a plurality of triangular bouncing blocks (27) distributed in a circular ring shape are fixed on the upper surface of the partition board (22) close to the circular edge of the rotating sleeve (192), a round corner (197) is formed on the lower surface of the rib board (194) close to one side edge of the triangular bouncing blocks (27), a plurality of roller grooves are formed on the circumferential inner wall of the rotating sleeve (192), rollers (199) are arranged in the roller grooves, the circumferential outer wall of the roller (199) is in contact with the circumferential outer wall of the overflow pipe (37), and a plurality of through holes (198) are formed on the circumferential outer wall of the rotating sleeve (192); an inner gear ring (191) is fixed at the top end edge of the rotating sleeve (192), and a shifting toothed bar (28) meshed with the inner gear ring (191) is fixed on the circumferential outer wall of the transmission shaft lever (20).
6. The ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process for extracting fragrance of natural tea as claimed in claim 2, wherein two U-shaped liquid inlets (195) are formed in the bottom ends of the rib plates (194), the U-shaped liquid inlets (195) are located between two adjacent scrapers (193), through holes are formed in the positions, close to the tops, of the ends, far away from the top, of the rotating sleeves (192), of the rib plates (194), three strip-shaped holes (40) communicated with the through holes are formed in the upper surfaces of the rib plates (194), adjusting pull rods (43) are connected in the through holes in a sliding mode, three sliding columns (41) respectively penetrating through the strip-shaped holes (40) are fixed on the outer walls of the adjusting pull rods (43), rectangular holes (42) are formed in the surfaces of the sliding columns (41), and toggle stop rods (39) penetrating through the rectangular holes (42) are fixed at the edges of the top ends of the scrapers (193).
7. The ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process for natural tea aroma extraction base according to claim 2, characterized in that the distillation extraction device (16) comprises a tank body which is integrally of a cylindrical box-shaped structure, a plurality of gap baffles (31) which are distributed in a staggered manner are arranged inside the tank body, liquid inside the tank body can flow in an S shape, a heating mechanism (32) is arranged in each chamber, a collecting pipe (33) of an L-shaped structure is inserted into the top end of the middle chamber, and a cooling sleeve (15) is sleeved on the outer wall of the collecting pipe (33) close to the pipe orifice.
8. The ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process for natural tea extract fragrance bases according to claim 2, characterized in that a feeding pipe (18) is reserved on the outer wall of the extraction tank body (1) on the upper surface of each partition plate platform (22), the bottom end of the pipe orifice of the feeding pipe (18) is flush with the upper surface of each partition plate platform (22), and a sealing cover plate (13) is arranged at the outer pipe orifice of the feeding pipe (18).
9. The ultrasonic-assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process for natural tea extract aroma base according to claim 2, characterized in that an L-shaped bearing frame (6) located right above the extraction tank body (1) is fixed on the upper surface of the mounting table (5) near the edge, a round bar is rotatably connected in the middle of the L-shaped bearing frame (6), a driven gear (7) and a butt joint shaft tube (8) are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the round bar, a driving motor (4) is fixed on the upper surface of the mounting table (5), a driving gear is fixed at the top end of an output shaft of the driving motor (4), and a planetary gear meshed with the driving gear and the driven gear (7) is fixed at the top end of the L-shaped bearing frame (6); the bottom end of the butt joint shaft tube (8) is rotatably connected with a shifting shaft (3) inserted into the butt joint shaft tube (8), a positioning plate (34) is fixed at the top end of the shifting shaft (3), positioning lugs (35) which are distributed equidistantly are fixed on the lower surface of the positioning plate (34) close to the circumferential edge, a limiting groove matched with the positioning lugs (35) in shape is reserved at the bottom of the butt joint shaft tube (8) close to the circumferential edge, a positioning pressing plate (9) is welded on the circumferential outer wall of the shifting shaft (3) close to the upper part of the top tube (11), the lower surface of the positioning pressing plate (9) is rotatably connected with a spring retainer ring (2) sleeved on the outer wall of the shifting shaft (3), and a reset spring (10) is fixed between the lower surface of the spring retainer ring (2) and the top end of the top tube (11); the sealing ring (29) is sleeved at the position, close to the lower position of the pipe orifice of the top pipe (11), of the circumferential outer wall of the moving shaft (3), a quantitative tray (25) with an upward opening is fixed at the bottom end of the moving shaft (3), a hexagonal pipe is fixed on the lower surface of the quantitative tray (25), and a hexagonal prism (23) matched with the hexagonal pipe is fixed at the top end of the transmission shaft lever (20).
10. The ultrasonic assisted low-temperature continuous countercurrent extraction process for natural tea aroma extraction base according to claim 9, characterized in that three liquid outlets (24) are formed in the outer wall of the quantitative tray (25), three tension spring springs (30) extending into the liquid outlets (24) are fixed to the outer wall of the moving shaft (3), and the end portions of the tension spring springs (30) are fixed with the blocking plates (26).
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