CN115735580A - Straw powder cutting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a straw powder cutting machine, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. It includes a powder cutting chamber, the top of which is provided with a first feed inlet, the bottom of which is provided with a first discharge port, and two cutter shafts arranged side by side are arranged in the powder cutting chamber. The two knife shafts are equipped with staggered blades, the edges on both sides of the blades are provided with cutting edges, the outer periphery of the blades is provided with knife teeth, and the powder cutting chamber is equipped with a first reduction motor that drives the two knife shafts to rotate in opposite directions; The material opening is extended and arranged obliquely above the powder cutting bin. The cutter shaft of the present invention can ensure the powder cutting effect under low-speed rotation, and the low-speed rotation can reduce the disturbance to the air flow, so that the dust will not be raised as much as possible, and will not be scattered into the outside air from the first feeding port, so as to This avoids polluting the environment.

Description

straw powder cutting machine

technical field

The invention relates to a straw powder cutting machine, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

Crop straw is the largest by-product of agricultural production in the world, and it is also an important biological resource that can be comprehensively utilized. With the development of agricultural production and rural energy, there is a large surplus of straw.

At present, the comprehensive utilization of straw mainly includes direct chopping and returning to the field as organic fertilizer, crushing and returning to the field as feed, straw making biogas or power generation as rural energy, pulp and paper making or man-made board as industrial raw materials. At present, the straw processing equipment mainly uses a crushing and cutting machine. Its basic principle is to use the high-speed rotating hammer or movable teeth to impact and rub the material to break the material into several small pieces, and then pass through the sieve to drain the material. Next, the bag is blown out from the discharge port; it is also crushed by a reciprocating knife. However, this type of equipment has a disadvantage that when straw is processed, a large amount of dust will be generated, which will cause excessive pollution to the working environment.

Based on the problem of environmental pollution, the known patent number is CN201310012039. It discloses a straw cutting, crushing and screening integrated equipment and method, which proposes a fully sealed equipment to reduce dust in the air The solution to improve the working environment is to improve the working environment. It also mentions a plan that a sharp fan can attract the gas-solid mixed gas mixed with crushed materials in the crushing chamber, and then use a screen to filter the clean air out.

However, this solution is aimed at large-scale processing equipment, and the distance between the equipment inlet and the processing bin is not enough to allow the dust to be emitted into the air. If it is a small processing equipment, the distance between the equipment inlet and the processing bin is very close, and Before the dust is attracted by the fan, it has been released into the air from the feed port.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a straw powder cutting machine by overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A straw powder cutting machine, comprising a powder cutting bin, the top of the powder cutting bin is provided with a first feeding port, the bottom of the powder cutting bin is provided with a first discharge port, and the powder cutting bin is provided with two The knife shafts arranged side by side, the two knife shafts are equipped with staggered blades, the edges of the two sides of the blades are provided with cutting edges, the outer periphery of the blades is provided with knife teeth, and the powder cutting chamber is equipped with a first drive to drive the two knife shafts to rotate relative to each other. Geared motor; the first feed port extends obliquely above the powder cutting bin.

Further, a suction pipe is provided around the top of the inner wall of the first feed inlet, and a number of suction holes are arranged on the suction pipe; a suction motor and a waste bin are arranged outside the first feed inlet, and the suction motor is connected to the waste bin One end, the suction pipe is connected with the end opposite to the suction motor on the waste material box, and a dust collecting bag is installed in the waste material box.

Further, the first feed inlet can also adopt a circular tube structure, and the end of the first feed inlet is provided with a tapered expansion and contraction opening composed of eight elastic parts. The diameter of the expansion and contraction opening is from the first The end of a feed inlet gradually narrows toward the powder cutting bin.

Further, a first dust processing mechanism is provided. The first dust processing mechanism includes a slideway arranged below the first discharge port. The slideway is arranged obliquely downward from the first discharge port. Several first screens are arranged on the slideway. hole, and a collection bucket is provided under the slideway.

Further, a second dust processing mechanism is provided, the second dust processing mechanism includes a processing bin, and the bottom of the slideway is connected to the processing bin; a horizontally arranged rotating shaft is arranged in the processing bin, and several swing rods are arranged on the rotating shaft, and the processing bin There is a second decelerating motor that drives the rotating shaft to swing continuously outside; a number of second sieve holes are arranged at the bottom of the processing chamber, and a transfer vehicle is arranged at the bottom of the processing chamber.

Further, the swing rods are fixed on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft, and the swing rods are distributed along the helical line around the central axis at intervals.

Further, the bottom of the processing chamber is provided with a movable bottom wall, and the second screen hole is opened on the movable bottom wall.

Further, slide rails are provided on both sides of the processing chamber, and pulleys cooperating with the slide rails are provided at both ends of the movable bottom wall, and the movable bottom wall is hung on the bottom of the processing chamber through the pulleys.

Further, a powder discharge tank is provided on the inner side of the transfer vehicle, an outlet connected to the powder discharge tank is provided on the outer wall of the transfer vehicle, and a soft plug is provided on the outlet.

Beneficial effect:

1. Since the present invention uses the blades on the two cutter shafts to be staggered, the two cutter shafts can cut the stalks through the shearing action of the adjacent blades during the relative rotation of the two cutter shafts. The tearing effect tears the straw to achieve the crushing effect; because it does not use the cutting force formed by high-speed rotation, but the shearing action between adjacent blades and the tearing action of the knife teeth, the knife shaft can rotate at a low speed To ensure the powder cutting effect, the low-speed rotation can reduce the disturbance to the air flow, so that the dust will not be raised as much as possible, and will not be emitted from the first feeding port to the outside air, so as to avoid pollution to the environment;

2. The first feeding port of the present invention is set to extend obliquely upwards, which can play a blocking role and further prevent dust from being emitted into the outside air;

3. In the present invention, there are dust suction holes around the top of the inner wall of the first feeding port as the last line of defense. Even if the two cutter shafts running at low speed make a small amount of dust be raised, it will float up to the first feeding port obliquely The top can also be sucked away through the suction port to ensure that the dust will not be released into the outside air;

4. In the present invention, there are also a first dust treatment mechanism and a second dust treatment mechanism, which can absorb the dust contained in the crushed and cut straw, so as to prevent the straw from being re-opened during the subsequent transfer process or after being bagged. When dumped to other places, dust escapes.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the second stereoscopic structure of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural exploded view of the powder cutting bin, the first feed port, and the first dust treatment mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation inside the powder cutting bin of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural exploded view of an embodiment of the first outlet of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a structural exploded view of another embodiment of the first outlet of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the bottom of the processing chamber of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the processing chamber of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the transfer vehicle of the present invention;

Explanation of reference numerals: powder cutting bin 1, cutter shaft 101, gear 101a, blade 102, first reduction motor 103, first feeding port 2, dust suction hole 201, suction pipe 202, waste box 203, dust bag 204 , box cover 205, first discharge port 3, expansion and contraction port 4, first dust treatment mechanism 5, slideway 501, first sieve hole 501a, second dust treatment mechanism 6, treatment bin 601, rotating shaft 602, swing Rod 603, second reduction motor 604, movable bottom wall 605, second screen hole 605a, slide rail 606, pulley 607, collecting bucket 7, transfer car 8, powder discharge tank 801, outlet 801a.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. In addition, the embodiments of the present invention referred to in the following description are generally only some embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Therefore, based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The straw powder cutting machine shown in Figures 1 to 9 includes a powder cutting bin 1, the top of the powder cutting bin 1 has a first feed port 2 for the straw to enter, and the bottom of the powder cutting bin 1 has a The first outlet 3 through which the cut stalks are discharged. The powder cutting bin 1 is provided with two side-by-side cutter shafts 101, and the two cutter shafts 101 are equipped with staggered blades 102, and the powder cutting bin 1 is provided with a first reduction motor 103 that drives the two cutter shafts 101 to rotate in opposite directions. Referring to Fig. 1, one end of the two cutter shafts 101 is respectively equipped with a gear 101a, and the two gears 101a are meshed with each other, and the first reduction motor 103 is arranged at the opposite end of the gear 101a, and is connected in transmission with one of the cutter shafts 101, When the first reduction motor 103 drives one of the cutter shafts 101 to rotate, driven by the gear 101a, the other cutter shaft 101 can also rotate in the opposite direction at the same time, thereby realizing the opposite rotation of the two cutter shafts 101 . Because the blades 102 on the two cutter shafts 101 are arranged in a staggered manner, the two cutter shafts 101 can cut the stalks through the shearing action of the adjacent blades during the counter-rotation process, and can also use the tearing action of the knife teeth. The stalks are torn to achieve a pulverized effect. The advantage of this structure is that the cutter shaft 101 can be rotated at a low speed, and the powder cutting effect can also be guaranteed under low speed rotation, and the low speed rotation can reduce the disturbance to the air flow, so that the dust is not raised as much as possible, and does not come from the first Feed port 2 emits to the outside air. In this embodiment, low-speed rotation refers to 20-30 rpm.

Preferably, the first feeding port 2 is extended obliquely upward, so that the raised dust can be blocked through the first feeding port 2, so as to further prevent the dust from being emitted into the outside air.

As shown in Figure 5, as an optional embodiment, the top of the inner wall of the first feed port 2 is provided with some dust suction holes 201 around the top, and the dust suction holes 201 are opened on the inner wall of the first feed port 2. On the suction pipe 202, a suction motor (not shown) and a waste box 203 are provided outside the first feed port 2, the suction motor is connected to one end of the waste box 203, and the suction pipe 202 is connected to the waste box 203 and the suction pipe 202. At the opposite end of the wind generator, a dust bag 204 is installed in the waste box 203 . When the suction motor works, it will inhale the outside air, and the dust in the first material inlet 2 will be sucked into the waste bin 203 through the dust suction hole 201 and stay in the dust bag 204, and the dust in the waste bin 203 will be sucked Can be collected by the dust bag 204, and the waste box 203 should be provided with an openable box cover 205 so that the dust bag 204 is cleaned. The dust suction hole 201 around the top of the inner wall of the first feeding port 2 is the last line of defense of the powder cutting bin 1. Even if the two cutter shafts 101 running at low speed make a small amount of dust be raised, it will float obliquely upwards to the first feeding port. The top of the feed port 2 will also be sucked away, so as to ensure that the dust will not be released into the outside air. Moreover, the dust suction hole 201 is arranged on the top of the inner wall of the first feeding port 2 for a special purpose, because the straw itself is very light, if the dust suction hole 201 is too close to the powder cutting bin 1 or the cutter shaft 101, the straw may also be damaged. It is possible to attract, but setting it on the top of the inner wall of the first feeding port 2 can avoid the influence of the attraction force on the straw, and prevent the cut and crushed straw from being attracted to block the dust suction hole 201.

Referring to Fig. 6, as another optional embodiment, the first feed inlet 2 can be a round pipe, and the end of the round pipe is provided with a tapered expansion and contraction opening 4 composed of eight elastic pieces. The diameter of the expansion port 4 gradually decreases from the end of the circular tube to the powder cutting bin 1 . The elastic member can be made of elastic materials such as rubber and plastic. The expansion and contraction port 4 can close the first feed port 2 when the cutter shaft 101 is working, so as to prevent the possibility of dust escaping, and the expansion and contraction port 4 itself is assembled by elastic parts. When feeding, The expansion and contraction port 4 can be pushed back by the straw so that the feeding will not be affected, and the expansion and contraction port 4 is also close to the straw when the top is opened, so even the dust can be prevented from being emitted into the air when feeding. This embodiment is the same as the above-mentioned embodiment, all of which are used as the last line of defense of the powder cutting bin 1 to ensure that the dust will not be emitted into the outside air. Moreover, this embodiment is simpler and more practical than the above-mentioned dust-absorbing structure using a suction motor, and the manufacturing cost is lower. However, the straw is softer in texture after all, so it is necessary to save a large amount to open the expansion and contraction opening 4 when adding materials, which is inconvenient to a certain extent. Therefore, the two implementations have their own advantages and disadvantages, and two types of straw cutting machines can be produced according to the two implementations, so that consumers with different consumption abilities can choose by themselves.

In the present invention, it is considered that the dust is only prevented from being lifted up and emitted into the air from the first feeding port 2, which does not mean that the dust disappears. If the crushed and cut stalks are directly discharged from the first discharge port 3, they are directly sent to the transfer equipment or directly packed into bags. Dust will still escape when it is in transit or when it is opened from the bag and dumped elsewhere. Based on this, the present invention provides a first dust processing mechanism 5 and a second dust processing mechanism 6 .

The first dust treatment mechanism 5 includes a fully sealed slideway 501 arranged below the first discharge port 3, the slideway 501 is connected to the second dust treatment mechanism 6, and the slideway 501 is inclined downward from the first discharge port 3 Setting, the slideway 501 is provided with a number of first sieve holes 501a, after the crushed and cut straws are successively discharged from the processing bin 1, they will slide into the dust second treatment mechanism 6 along the slideway 501, during the sliding process The dust can reach the collection bucket 7 below the slideway 501 through several first sieve holes 501a, and a collection bag can be placed on the bottom of the collection bucket 7 to regularly clean the dust.

The second dust processing mechanism 6 includes a fully enclosed processing bin 601. A horizontally arranged rotating shaft 602 is arranged inside the processing bin 601. Several swing rods 603 are arranged on the rotating shaft 602. A driving rotating shaft 602 is arranged outside the processing bin 601. The second deceleration motor 604 that swings constantly; the bottom of the processing chamber 601 is provided with a number of second screen holes 605a. The straw that slides down from the slideway 501 enters the processing bin 601 and is concentrated at the bottom of the processing bin 601. It has enough space to store a certain amount of straw. The swing of 602 makes the swing rod 603 swing at the bottom of the processing bin 601 continuously at low speed, causing the straws to rub against each other, so that the dust in the straw pile falls to the bottom by gravity, and then is discharged through the second sieve hole 605a. This reduces the dust content in the final straw.

The swing rods 603 are fixed on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 602, and the swing rods 603 are distributed along a helical line around the central axis at intervals. The rotating shaft 602 can swing, rotate, and run alternately. When swinging, make the straws rub against each other, let the dust fall to the bottom, and rotate continuously in one direction. The axial thrust generated by the spirally distributed swing rod 603 can prevent the straws falling from the slideway 501 from accumulating in one place. .

A transfer cart 8 can be set at the bottom of the processing bin 601 to collect these dusts, and the top opening of the transfer cart 8 fits the bottom wall of the processing bin 601 to prevent dust from escaping from the gap between the transfer cart 8 and the processing bin 601 into the outside air.

Referring to FIG. 5 , consider the transfer of straw in the fully enclosed processing bin 601 . The present invention arranges a movable bottom wall 605 at the bottom of the processing bin 601, and the two sides of the processing bin 601 are provided with slide rails 606, and there are pulleys 607 matched with the slide rails 606 at both ends of the movable bottom wall 605, and the movable bottom wall 605 passes through the pulleys 607. It is hung on the bottom of the processing chamber 601, and the movable bottom wall 605 can be easily opened through the cooperation of the pulley 607 and the sliding rail 606. The stalks are dropped from the processing bin 601 to facilitate transfer. Correspondingly, the above-mentioned second screen holes 605 a are opened on the movable bottom wall 605 .

Transfer car 8 of the present invention can have two effects, and the one, as described, collects dust, and the 2nd, also can be used for transshipment cutting, the stalk after pulverizing.

For this reason, the inner side of the transfer vehicle 8 is provided with a powder discharge groove 801, which is used to clean up the dust in the transfer vehicle 8 before transferring the straw. The outer wall of the transfer vehicle 8 is provided with an outlet 801a docked with the powder discharge groove 801. Comes with a soft stopper. When cleaning, first remove the transfer vehicle 8 from the bottom of the processing chamber 601, then open the cork to rinse with water, re-plug the cork after rinsing, push back to the bottom of the processing chamber 601, and open the movable bottom wall 605 to allow cutting and crushing The finished stalks fall in the transfer vehicle 8 from the processing bin 601. In addition, it is also possible to adopt a method of setting a screw shaft in the powder discharge tank 801 to sweep the dust into the powder discharge tank 801, and then push it out from the outlet 801a through the screw shaft.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention includes but is not limited to the accompanying drawings and the description in the above specific embodiments content. Any modifications that do not depart from the functional and structural principles of the present invention will be included in the scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A straw powder cutting machine, comprising a powder cutting chamber (1), the top of the powder cutting chamber (1) is provided with a first feeding port (2), and the bottom of the powder cutting chamber (1) is provided with The first discharge port (3) is characterized in that two knife shafts (101) arranged side by side are arranged in the powder cutting chamber (1), and staggered blades (102) are installed on the two knife shafts (101). Edges on both sides of (102) are provided with cutting edges, the outer periphery of the blade (102) is provided with cutter teeth, and the outer part of the powder cutting chamber (1) is provided with a first reduction motor (103) that drives two cutter shafts (101) to rotate in opposite directions ; The first feeding port (2) is set to extend obliquely upward from the powder cutting bin (1). 2. A straw powder cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: a suction pipe (202) is arranged around the top of the inner wall of the first feeding port (2), and a number of suction pipes (202) are arranged on the suction pipe (202). Dust hole (201); a suction motor and a waste box (203) are arranged outside the first feeding port (2), the suction motor is connected to one end of the waste box (203), and the suction pipe (202) is connected to the waste box (203 ) on the end opposite to the suction motor, a dust bag (204) is installed in the waste box (203). 3. A straw powder cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first feed port (2) is a circular tube structure, and the end of the first feed port (2) is provided with eight The tapered expansion and contraction port (4) formed by flap elastic parts, the diameter of the expansion and contraction port (4) gradually decreases from the end of the first feed port (2) to the powder cutting bin (1). 4. A straw powder cutting machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: a first dust processing mechanism (5) is provided, and the first dust processing mechanism (5) includes a first discharge port ( 3) The slideway (501) below, the slideway (501) is set obliquely downward from the first outlet (3), the slideway (501) is provided with several first sieve holes (501a), the slideway (501 ) is provided with a collection bucket (7) below. 5. A straw powder cutting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: a second dust processing mechanism (6) is provided, and the second dust processing mechanism (6) includes a processing bin (601), a slideway (501 ) is connected to the processing chamber (601) at the bottom; there is a rotating shaft (602) arranged horizontally inside the processing chamber (601), and several swing rods (603) are arranged on the rotating shaft (602), and there are The second deceleration motor (604) that drives the rotating shaft (602) to swing continuously; the bottom of the processing bin (601) is provided with a number of second screen holes (605a), and the bottom of the processing bin (601) is provided with a transfer vehicle (8 ). 6. A straw powder cutting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: the swing rod (603) is fixed on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (602), and the swing rod (603) follows a spiral around the central axis Distribution of line intervals. 7. A straw powder cutting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: the bottom of the processing bin (601) is provided with a movable bottom wall (605), and the second sieve hole (605a) is opened on the movable bottom wall ( 605) on. 8. A straw powder cutting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: slide rails (606) are provided on both sides of the processing bin (601), and there are slide rails (606) at both ends of the movable bottom wall (605). ) with a pulley (607), the movable bottom wall (605) is suspended on the bottom of the processing bin (601) through the pulley (607). 9. A straw powder cutting machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: a powder discharge groove (801) is provided on the inner side of the transfer vehicle (8), and a powder discharge groove (801) is provided on the outer wall of the transfer vehicle (8). The outlet (801a) connected to the slot (801) is provided with a cork on the outlet (801a).

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