CN115710870A - Open cut tunnel capable of preventing debris flow - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of open tunnel tunnels, and specifically discloses an open tunnel for preventing mudslides, including an open tunnel and a lifting assembly. The lifting assembly is arranged on the lower side of the open tunnel and is fixedly connected with the open tunnel. In the present invention, by setting half of the open cave in the mountain body, the impact area of the debris flow on the open cave is reduced, the open cave is protected, and the inclination of the protective plate on the roof of the open cave is controlled by the lifting structure to avoid Collide with the front of the debris flow, and conduct a diversion to the debris flow through the inclination angle of the protective plate to avoid the destruction of the open hole. In the present invention, an anti-collision structure is also provided to expand the side plates on both sides of the top column through the impact force. A corrugated structure is formed on the protective plate to avoid damage to the protective plate by large objects in mudslides and increase the practicability of the device.

Description

A kind of open hole against mudslides

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel open holes, and specifically discloses an open hole for preventing debris flow.

Background technique

Mountainous roads are often the only way in and out of the mountainous areas, so it is very important to ensure smooth traffic. Since the rainy season this year, affected by continuous rainfall, rockfalls and landslides have occurred frequently on mountainous roads in Aba, Jiuzhaigou and other places in Sichuan, causing large damages. Economic losses and even human casualties. When the disaster happened, Myeongdong played a good protective role, directly protecting the driving safety of the disaster-stricken road section. However, the accumulation of landslides or falling rocks on the top of the open cave will cause the top of the open cave to be overloaded, causing cracks in the structure of the open cave, and there is a risk of structural damage. Therefore, after the disaster occurs, it is necessary to deal with the overload of the top of the open cave. The traditional method Generally, it includes two measures: one is to clean up the landslide, and the other is to strengthen the structure of the open hole. However, for the road sections with rich material sources and the possibility of secondary or even multiple landslides, the traditional method has to A landslide needs to be dealt with once, which greatly increases the workload of emergency rescue departments in various places.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a mud-rock flow-proof open cave to solve the technical problem that the mud-rock flow washes away the open cave.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

An open hole for preventing debris flow, comprising an open hole and a lifting assembly, the lifting assembly is arranged on the lower side of the open hole and is fixedly connected with the open hole; Column and road slab, the outer side wall, inner side wall, roof and road slab are enclosed to form a square, the anti-stone roof is arranged on the upper side of the top slab, the bottom column is arranged on the lower side of the road slab, and the open hole of the present invention is arranged On the side of the mountain, it is used to prevent landslides. Before the construction of the cave, a right-angled trapezoidal inner groove is dug into the mountain. This can strengthen the structural strength of the open hole, the open hole is not easy to collapse, and the open hole has a stronger pressure bearing capacity, prolonging the service life of the open hole, and there is a light-transmitting area on the outer wall for light transmission in the open hole , so that Myeongdong uses less light during the day and saves energy.

Preferably, the anti-stone roof is divided into a left roof and a right roof, the left roof is movably connected to the right roof, the left roof includes a shaft fixing table and a roof shaft, and the upper part of the right roof The top surface is provided with a confluence groove, a buffer groove and an orifice, and an anti-collision structure is also provided on the top of the right side. , the two sides of the top column are provided with shaft grooves, the shaft grooves are provided with rotating shafts, the upper sides of the double side plates are provided with shaft holes, and the double side plates are movably connected with the rotating shafts on the shaft grooves, The lower side of the top column is fixedly connected with the upper side of the cylinder, and the spring is sleeved on the cylinder. The upper and lower ends of the spring withstand the bottom surface of the top column and the bottom surface of the buffer groove. Move down, and then make the double-sided plates expand to both sides with the rotating shaft as the axis. When the opposite plates of the two double-sided plates contact each other, the two double-sided plates will not be able to continue to descend under the condition of mutual force. , at this time, the upper top surface of the roof on the right is corrugated, and the corrugated roof is less stressed and has higher structural strength, which can better protect the open hole from being destroyed by mudslides, and some water from the mudslide And tiny grains of sand can flow out of the right top through the corrugated notch through the outlet, the depth of the left top is longer than the depth of the right top, the shaft fixing platform is provided with two, the top shaft The two ends are fixedly connected with two shaft fixing tables, and the right top is sleeved on the top shaft. The setting of the shaft fixing table and the top shaft enables the right top to make a circular motion around the top shaft as the axis, thereby changing the right top. When a mudslide occurs, the right roof and the left roof form a 60-degree inclination. In this way, the mudslide will not gather on the right roof, but will flow down the slope in sequence without damaging the roof. Myeongdong, under normal circumstances, the right roof and left roof are at an angle of 135 degrees, which increases the shading area of the Myeongdong and prevents premature wear and tear of the parts inside the Myeongdong.

Preferably, the outer wall is provided with a waterproof structure, the waterproof structure is composed of a fixed plate, a sliding plate, a slide rail and a sliding cylinder, the slide rail is provided with two, and the side of the outer wall is provided with a light-transmitting area, The two sides of the outer wall are inwardly protruding waterproof walls, the sliding plate is fixed on the waterproof wall, and the fixed plate is fixed on the inner wall of the outer wall. When there is no heavy rain or debris flow, the sliding cylinder will Extend the cylinder shaft upwards, and push the sliding plate upwards until it overlaps with the fixed plate. At this time, the light-transmitting area of the open hole is opened to increase the light in the open hole. When there is a flood, etc., slide the cylinder shaft of the cylinder The downward contraction drives the sliding plate to move downward. At this time, the sliding plate blocks the light-transmitting area, so that water will not or a small amount enter the open hole, increasing the service life of the open hole.

Preferably, the outer wall is provided with a supporting column, and the supporting column is provided with a lifting perforation, and the lifting perforation is provided with a lifting column, and the supporting column is a support structure in the middle of the light-transmitting area, and the lifting column is a round The inner wall of the cylinder is provided with internal threads, the upper side of the lifting column is fixedly connected with the right roof, and the movement of the right roof is controlled by the up and down of the lifting column, thereby changing the inclination of the right roof and increasing the practicability of the design .

Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a lifting motor, a shaft coupling, a reduction structure, a common shaft, a gear set and a screw rod, the gear set is sleeved on the common shaft, and the reduction structure includes an input shaft, an output shaft, a large gear, pinion and reduction shaft, the inlet shaft and output shaft are located on the same straight line as the central axis of the bull gear, the reduction shaft and the central axis of the pinion are located on the same straight line, and permanent The magnet, through the magnetism of the permanent magnet, reduces the speed of the reduction shaft, and realizes the speed reduction through the transmission mode of the large gear and the pinion, and the large gear and the pinion are equipped with two, four large gears and small gears The gear sets are arranged in opposite directions and meshed in pairs. The gear set consists of two bevel gears meshing with each other. The gear set realizes the change of the direction of rotation. The lifting motor is provided with a motor fixing seat, and the lifting motor is fixed to the motor. The seat is fixedly connected by screws, the deceleration structure is also provided with a fixed seat, and the right side of the fixed seat is provided with a slot, the slot is provided with a bearing, the transmission shaft of the reducer is firmly connected with the inner wall of the bearing, and The screw rod and the lifting column are connected by threads, the lifting motor works, and the deceleration structure works through the coupling. The speed decreases under the action of the deceleration structure, and the common shaft rotates, and the screw rod rotates through the gear set, thereby making the lifting The column moves up and down.

The working principle and beneficial effects of this program are:

In the present invention, by setting half of the open cave in the mountain body, the impact area of the debris flow on the open cave is reduced, the open cave is protected, and the inclination of the protective plate on the roof of the open cave is controlled by the lifting structure to avoid Collide with the front of the debris flow, and conduct a diversion to the debris flow through the inclination angle of the protective plate to avoid the destruction of the open hole. In the present invention, an anti-collision structure is also provided to expand the side plates on both sides of the top column through the impact force. A corrugated structure is formed on the protective plate to avoid damage to the protective plate by large objects in mudslides and increase the practicability of the device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram (state one) of the open hole embodiment of a kind of anti-debris flow of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram (state two) of the open hole embodiment of a kind of anti-debris flow of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram (state three) of an open hole embodiment for preventing debris flow according to the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a lifting assembly in an embodiment of an open hole for preventing debris flow according to the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a deceleration structure in an embodiment of an open hole for preventing debris flow according to the present invention;

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 5A-A;

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the roof on the right side in an embodiment of an open hole for preventing debris flow according to the present invention;

The marks in the accompanying drawings are as follows: open hole 1, outer wall 101, waterproof structure 1011, fixed plate 10111, sliding plate 10112, slide rail 10113, sliding cylinder 10114, supporting column 1012, lifting perforation 1013, lifting column 1014, inner wall 102, Top plate 103, anti-stone top 104, left top 1041, right top 1042, confluence groove 10421, buffer groove 10422, orifice 10423, anti-collision structure 10424, top column 10425, double side plate 10426, cylinder 10427, spring 10428, Shaft groove 10429, shaft fixing table 1043, top shaft 1044, bottom column 105, road plate 106, lifting assembly 2, lifting motor 201, coupling 202, deceleration structure 203, input shaft 2031, output shaft 2032, large gear 2033, Pinion 2034, reduction shaft 2035, permanent magnet 2036, common shaft 204, gear set 205, screw mandrel 206, motor holder 207.

Detailed ways

In describing the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "low", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the referred device or positional relationship. Elements must have certain orientations, be constructed and operate in certain orientations, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

Example

As shown in Figure 1-7, a mudslide prevention open cave includes an open cave 1 and a lifting assembly 2. The lifting assembly 2 is arranged on the lower side of the open cave 1 and is fixedly connected with the open cave 1.

Myeongdong 1 includes an outer wall 101, an inner wall 102, a roof 103, an anti-stone roof 104, a bottom column 105, and a road slab 106. 104 is arranged on the upper side of the top board 103 , and the bottom column 105 is arranged on the lower side of the road board 106 and is fixedly connected with the road board 106 . To further illustrate, the open cave of the present invention is arranged on the side of the mountain body to prevent landslides, and before the open cave is built, a right-angled trapezoidal inner groove is dug into the mountain body, and one side of the open cave is located on the mountain. In this way, the structural strength of the open cave can be strengthened, the open cave is not easy to collapse, and the pressure bearing capacity of the open cave is stronger, prolonging the service life of the open cave, and the outer wall 101 is equipped with a light-transmitting The area is used for light transmission in the Mingdong, so that the Mingdong uses less light during the day and saves energy.

The anti-stone roof 104 is divided into a left roof 1041 and a right roof 1042, the left roof 1041 and the right roof 1042 are movably connected, the left roof 1041 includes a shaft fixing table 1043 and a top shaft 1044, and the shaft fixing table 1043 and the top shaft 1044 Fixed connection. To further illustrate, the depth of the left top 1041 is longer than that of the right top 1042, two shaft fixing platforms 1043 are provided, the two ends of the top shaft 1044 are fixedly connected with the two shaft fixing tables 1043, and the right side top 1042 is sleeved on the top On the shaft 1044, the setting of the shaft fixing platform 1043 and the top shaft 1044 enables the right side top 1042 to perform circular motion around the top shaft 1044 as the axis, thereby changing the inclination of the right side top 1042. 1042 and the left roof 1041 are at an inclination angle of 60 degrees. In this way, the debris flow will not gather on the right roof 1042, but will flow down sequentially along the inclined slope, and will not damage the open hole. 1042 and the top 1041 on the left are at an inclination angle of 135 degrees, which increases the shading area of the open hole and prevents premature loss of parts in the open hole.

The upper top surface of the right side roof 1042 is provided with a confluence groove 10421, a buffer tank 10422 and an orifice 10423, and the right side roof 1042 is also provided with an anti-collision structure 10424, and there are multiple anti-collision structures 10424. To further illustrate, the anti-collision structure 10424 is composed of a top column 10425, a double side plate 10426, a cylinder 10427 and a spring 10428. The two sides of the top column 10425 are provided with shaft grooves 10429, and the shaft groove 10429 is provided with a rotating shaft. There is a shaft hole on the side, the double side plate 10426 is flexibly connected with the rotating shaft on the shaft groove 10429, the lower side of the top column 10425 is fixedly connected with the upper side of the cylinder 10427, the spring 10428 is sleeved on the cylinder 10427, and the upper and lower ends of the spring 10428 withstand the The bottom surface of the top column 10425 and the bottom surface of the buffer groove 10422, when the top column 10425 is under pressure, will move downward, and then make the double side plate 10426 expand to both sides with the rotation axis as the axis, when the opposite plates of the two double side plates 10426 When in contact with each other, the top column 10425 cannot continue to descend under the condition of the interaction force of the two double-sided plates 10426. At this time, the upper top surface of the right top 1042 presents a corrugated shape, and the corrugated top is more stressed. It is small and has higher structural strength, which can better protect the open hole from being destroyed by mudslides, and some water and fine sand particles of mudslides can flow out of the right roof 1042 through the corrugated notch through the outlet 10423.

The outer wall 101 is provided with a waterproof structure 1011, the waterproof structure 1011 is composed of a fixed plate 10111, a sliding plate 10112, a sliding rail 10113 and a sliding cylinder 10114, two sliding rails 10113 are provided, and the sliding plate 10112 is slidingly connected with two sliding rails 10113, The upper side of the sliding cylinder 10114 is fixedly connected with the lower side of the sliding plate 10112 . To further illustrate, the side of the outer wall 101 is provided with a light-transmitting area, the two sides of the outer wall 101 are provided with waterproof walls 1012 protruding inward, the sliding plate 10112 is fixed on the waterproof wall 1012, and the fixing plate is fixed on the inner wall of the outer wall 101 Above, when there is no heavy rain or debris flow, the cylinder of the sliding cylinder 10114 extends upwards, pushing the sliding plate 10112 upwards until it coincides with the fixed plate 10111. When the light in the open hole is flooded, the cylinder shaft of the sliding cylinder 10114 shrinks downward, driving the sliding plate 10112 to move downward. Enter the open hole to increase the service life of the open hole.

The outer wall 101 is provided with a supporting column 1012, the supporting column 1012 is provided with a lifting hole 1013, and the lifting hole 1013 is provided with a lifting column 1014. To further illustrate, the supporting column 1012 is a supporting structure in the middle of the light-transmitting area, the lifting column 1014 is a cylinder, and the inner wall of the cylinder is provided with internal threads, the upper side of the lifting column 1014 is fixedly connected with the right top 1042, and the lifting column 1014 Up and down control the movement of the right roof 1042, thereby changing the inclination of the right roof 1042, increasing the practicality of the design.

The lifting assembly 2 includes a lifting motor 201, a shaft coupling 202, a reduction structure 203, a common shaft 204, a gear set 205 and a screw rod 206, the right side of the lifting motor 201 is fixedly connected with the left side of the coupling 202, and the right side of the coupling 202 The left side of the deceleration structure 203 is fixedly connected, the right side of the deceleration structure 203 is fixedly connected with the left side of the common shaft 204, the gear set 205 is sleeved on the common shaft 204, and the upper side of the gear set 205 is fixedly connected with the screw rod 206. Further illustrate, the gear set 205 is made up of two bevel gears meshing with each other, the gear set 205 realizes the change of the direction of rotation, the lifting motor 201 is provided with a motor fixing seat 207, and the lifting motor 201 and the motor fixing seat 207 are fixedly connected by screws. A fixed seat is also provided under the deceleration structure 203, and a slot is provided on the right side of the fixed seat, and a bearing is arranged in the slot. connection, work through the lifting motor 201, and make the deceleration structure 203 work through the coupling 202, the speed of the deceleration structure 203 is reduced, and the common shaft 204 is rotated, and the screw rod 206 is rotated through the gear set 205, thereby making the lifting Column 1014 moves up and down.

Reduction structure 203 comprises input shaft 2031, output shaft 2032, bull gear 2033, pinion 2034 and reduction shaft 2035, and the central axis of input shaft 2031 and output shaft 2032 and bull gear 2033 is on the same straight line, reduction shaft 2035 and pinion 2034 The central axis lies on the same straight line. To further illustrate, permanent magnets 2036 are provided on both sides of the reduction shaft 2035, and the rotation speed of the reduction shaft 2035 is reduced through the magnetism of the permanent magnets, and the rotation speed reduction is realized through the transmission mode of the large gear and the small gear, and the large gear 2033 and the small There are two gears 2034, and four large gears 2033 and pinions 2034 are oppositely arranged and meshed in pairs.

The use method of the above-mentioned a kind of anti-debris flow open hole comprises the following steps:

S1, when mudslides and other situations occur, the lifting motor 201 works, and the deceleration structure 203 works through the coupling 202. Under the action of the deceleration structure 203, the speed decreases, and the common shaft 204 rotates. Rod 206 rotates, thereby causing lifting column 1014 to move downward;

S2, the lifting column 1014 moves downward, so that the right roof 1042 and the left roof 1041 are at an angle of 60 degrees, so that the debris flow will not gather on the right roof 1042, but will flow down the slope in sequence, without will damage the open hole;

S3, when a large object in a mudslide falls on the top 1042 on the right side, the top column 10425 is under pressure and will move downward, thereby making the double side plate 10426 expand to both sides around the axis of rotation, when the two double side plates 10426 When the opposite plates of the two side plates 10426 are in mutual force, the top column 10425 cannot continue to descend. At this time, the upper top surface of the right top 1042 is corrugated, and the corrugated top The degree of stress is smaller and the structural strength is higher, which can better protect the open hole from being destroyed by mudslides. After the mudslide passes, the top post 10425 receives the elastic potential energy of the spring 10428 and returns to its original shape.

What is described above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific structures and characteristics known in the scheme are not described here too much. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise of not departing from the structure of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can also be made, and these should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation of the present invention. Effects and practicability of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A mudslide-proof open cave, characterized in that: it comprises an open cave and a lifting assembly, and the lifting assembly is arranged on the lower side of the open cave and is fixedly connected with the open cave. 2. A mudslide prevention open cave according to claim 1, characterized in that: the open cave comprises an outer wall, an inner wall, a roof, a stone-proof roof, a bottom column and a road slab, and the outer wall, inner wall The wall, the roof and the road board form a square, the stone-proof roof is arranged on the upper side of the roof board, and the bottom column is arranged on the lower side of the road board and is fixedly connected with the road board. 3. A mudslide-proof open cave according to claim 2, characterized in that: the rock-proof roof is divided into a left roof and a right roof, the left roof and the right roof are movably connected, and the The left top includes a shaft fixing table and a top shaft, and the shaft fixing table is fixedly connected with the top shaft. 4. A mudslide prevention open hole according to claim 3, characterized in that: the upper top surface of the right side roof is provided with a confluence tank, a buffer tank and an outlet, and the right side roof is also provided with a The anti-collision structure has multiple anti-collision structures. 5. A mudslide-proof open cave according to claim 2, characterized in that: said outer wall is provided with a waterproof structure, said waterproof structure consists of a fixed plate, a sliding plate, a slide rail and a sliding cylinder, said There are two slide rails, the slide plate is slidably connected with the two slide rails, and the upper side of the slide cylinder is fixedly connected with the lower side of the slide plate. 6. An open cave for preventing debris flow according to claim 2, characterized in that: the outer wall is provided with a support column, the support column is provided with a lifting hole, and the lifting hole is provided with a lifting column . 7. An open cave for preventing debris flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lifting assembly includes a lifting motor, a coupling, a reduction structure, a common shaft, a gear set and a screw rod, and the lifting motor is right The side is fixedly connected to the left side of the coupling, the right side of the coupling is fixedly connected to the left side of the deceleration structure, the right side of the deceleration structure is fixedly connected to the left side of the common shaft, and the gear set is sleeved on the common shaft. The upper side of the gear set is fixedly connected with the screw rod. 8. A mudslide prevention open hole according to claim 7, characterized in that: the deceleration structure includes an input shaft, an output shaft, a large gear, a pinion and a deceleration shaft, and the input shaft and the output shaft are connected to the large The central axis of the gear is on the same straight line, and the central axis of the reduction shaft and the pinion are on the same straight line.

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