CN115709694B - Energy absorbing device of coupling shrink-expansion-tear deformation mode - Google Patents
Energy absorbing device of coupling shrink-expansion-tear deformation mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN115709694B CN115709694B CN202211707517.5A CN202211707517A CN115709694B CN 115709694 B CN115709694 B CN 115709694B CN 202211707517 A CN202211707517 A CN 202211707517A CN 115709694 B CN115709694 B CN 115709694B
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- XBWAZCLHZCFCGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-chloro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2h-1,4-benzodiazepin-1-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C12=CC(Cl)=CC=C2[NH+](C)CCN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 XBWAZCLHZCFCGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides an energy absorbing device in a coupled shrinkage-expansion-tearing deformation mode. A groove and a bracket through hole are formed in the middle of the top surface of the bracket, the lower half section of the positioning block is arranged in a bottom plate positioning groove of the bottom plate, and the upper half section of the positioning block is arranged in a bracket positioning groove at the bottom of the bracket; the outer contour of the expansion-tearing die comprises a conical surface and an arc surface; the expansion-tearing die is positioned in the bracket and below the bracket through hole; the expansion-tearing die is arranged on the bottom plate; the diameter-reducing die is of an annular structure, the inner wall surface sequentially comprises a diameter-reducing through hole and an inclined wall hole, and the diameter-reducing die is arranged in a groove of the bracket; the front end of the deformation pipe is matched with the inclined wall hole of the reducing die. The device mainly relies on triple effects of plastic deformation, tearing and friction of the thin-walled tube to absorb impact kinetic energy generated during vehicle collision. Has the advantages of stable acting force, convenient disassembly and repeated use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides an energy absorption device in a coupled shrinkage-expansion-tearing deformation mode, and belongs to the technical field of energy absorption.
Background
With the continuous development of modern transportation, automobiles and trains have become important transportation vehicles for mass transit. Meanwhile, safety problems of automobiles and trains are also of great concern. Once a collision accident of a vehicle occurs, direct economic loss and numerous casualties must occur. Therefore, in order to ensure the life safety of passengers and reduce the huge property loss caused by the collision of vehicles, it is very necessary to develop the study of passive safety protection of vehicles.
During a vehicle collision, due to the need for safety protection, the kinetic energy of the collision is completely absorbed or dissipated, and therefore, special elements are required to be used as an energy absorbing structure to meet the crashworthiness requirement of the vehicle structure. In order to obtain a good crashworthiness structure or device, the arrangement of energy absorbing elements therein is a major solution.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides an energy absorbing device with coupled shrinkage-expansion-tearing deformation modes, which comprises a deformation pipe, a shrinkage die, a bracket, an expansion-tearing die, a bottom plate and a positioning block;
the bottom plate is provided with a bolt through hole, a bottom plate connecting hole, a bottom plate screw hole, a bottom plate pin hole, a lightening hole and a bottom plate positioning groove;
the bracket comprises two half brackets which are of independent and symmetrical structures, a bracket connecting hole is formed in the bracket, the bracket connecting hole is connected with a bolt through hole through a bolt, the bracket is arranged on the bottom plate, and a bracket positioning groove is formed in the bottom of the bracket; the handle grooves are respectively formed in the two sides of the support, so that an installer can conveniently move the support in the operation process. And a cavity capable of accommodating coupling shrinkage, expansion and tearing deformation of the deformation pipe which moves after being impacted is formed between the inner wall of the bracket and the end part of the bottom plate. A groove and a bracket through hole are formed in the middle of the top surface of the bracket, and a bracket screw hole is formed in the groove;
the lower half section of the positioning block is arranged in a bottom plate positioning groove of the bottom plate, a positioning hole on the positioning block is connected with a bottom plate screw hole of the bottom plate through a bolt, and the upper half section of the positioning block is arranged in a bracket positioning groove at the bottom of the bracket;
the outer contour of the expansion-tearing die comprises a combined deformation mode that a conical surface and an arc surface enable a deformation tube to expand and tear firstly in the axial downward pressing process; the expansion-tearing die is positioned in the bracket and below the bracket through hole of the bracket; the expansion-tearing die is provided with a die screw hole and a die pin hole, the die screw hole is connected with a bottom plate connecting hole of the bottom plate through a bolt, the expansion-tearing die is arranged on the bottom plate, and the die pin hole is connected with the bottom plate pin hole of the bottom plate through a cylindrical pin;
the diameter-reducing die is of an annular structure and is divided into two symmetrical semi-rings; the outer wall surface of the diameter-reducing die is a cylindrical surface, the inner wall surface sequentially comprises a diameter-reducing through hole and an inclined wall hole, and the diameter-reducing die is provided with a diameter-reducing die connecting hole; the cylindrical surface is arranged in the groove of the bracket, and the connecting hole of the diameter reducing die is connected with the bracket screw hole of the bracket through a bolt, so that the diameter reducing die is prevented from sliding. In addition, the symmetry line of the diameter reducing die and the bracket shows a vertical relationship, so that the stability of the device is improved.
The front end of the deformation pipe is matched with the inclined wall hole of the reducing die. The deformation pipe is a thin-wall metal pipe, the strength of the deformation pipe is far smaller than that of the diameter reducing die and the expansion-tearing die, and a plurality of small grooves for inducing deformation are formed in the pipe orifice at the front end of the deformation pipe.
In the event of a collision, the metal thin-wall structure can dissipate energy in various modes such as compression, plastic buckling, fracture, friction and the like through self deformation, and the damage form is stable.
The device mainly relies on triple effects of plastic deformation, tearing and friction of the thin-walled tube to absorb impact kinetic energy generated during vehicle collision. The installation space on the underframe structure of the vehicle is fully utilized, and the longitudinal impact is converted into the deformation effect of the thin-wall energy-absorbing material. When a collision accident occurs, orderly and controllably large deformation is generated to absorb impact load; the support structure and the fixed bottom plate in the device also have a certain bearing capacity under normal operating conditions. The overall structure has the advantages of stable acting force, convenient disassembly and repeated use.
The energy absorbing device of the coupled shrinkage-expansion-tearing deformation mode has the following technical effects:
1. after the energy absorbing device in the coupled shrinkage-expansion-tearing deformation mode is used, the energy absorbing device can be reused only by replacing a new energy absorbing tube, other components do not need to be replaced, and materials are saved.
2. The device is convenient in assembly and disassembly processes, and the reducing die and the bracket are respectively designed into two symmetrical structures, so that the deformation pipe 1 can be smoothly taken out from the device after the combined energy absorption is completed, and the time is greatly saved.
3. The device has triple energy absorption effect in the whole energy absorption process: the deformation tube generates plastic deformation energy absorption of reducing or expanding, and the deformation tube is torn to generate tearing energy, so that friction energy absorption between the deformation tube and the structure is realized. Compared with the traditional similar device, the energy absorption capacity is greatly improved, the strong peak value of impact force can not occur, and passengers and goods can be better protected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is another perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a main sectional structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional structural view of a deformable tube of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a reducing die of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another perspective reducing die of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a bracket according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of another view bracket of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the expansion-tear die of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional structural view of the expansion-tear die of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a positioning block of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the base plate of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a load-carrying schematic diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a diagram of a variation process of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a force versus displacement diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The specific technical scheme of the invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides an energy absorbing device with coupled shrinkage-expansion-tearing deformation modes, which mainly comprises a deformation pipe 1, a diameter reduction die 2, a bracket 3, an expansion-tearing die 4, a bottom plate 6 and a positioning block 5; the perspective structure view is shown in fig. 1, the other perspective structure view is shown in fig. 2, the perspective exploded view is shown in fig. 3, and the main sectional structure view is shown in fig. 4.
The following description will be presented in terms of the installation sequence of the device: first, the expansion-tear die 4 and the positioning block 5 are mounted and fixed on the base plate 6. Then, the bracket 3 is mounted on the bottom plate 6 by being fitted with the positioning block 5. Subsequently, the diameter reduction die 2 is mounted on the bracket 3. And finally, the deformation pipe 1 is matched and sleeved in the reducing die 2, so that the structure is installed.
The specific structure is as follows:
1. support structure mounting and positioning part
The bottom plate 6 is provided with a bolt through hole 61, a bottom plate connecting hole 62, a bottom plate screw hole 63, a bottom plate pin hole 64, a weight reducing hole 65 and a bottom plate positioning groove 66, as shown in fig. 13, the positioning block 5 shown in fig. 12 is arranged in the bottom plate positioning groove 66 of the bottom plate 6, and the positioning hole 51 on the positioning block 5 is connected with the bottom plate screw hole 63 of the bottom plate 6 through bolts, so that the bracket 3 can be prevented from shaking and deflecting left and right. The expansion-tearing die 4 can enable the deformation tube 1 to generate a combined deformation mode of expanding and tearing after expanding in the axial pressing process, so that the force change regulation and control in a larger range can be realized, and the energy absorption stroke efficiency of the device can be improved.
As shown in fig. 10, the expansion-tear die 4 is provided with a die screw hole 41 and a die pin hole 42, the die screw hole 41 mounts the expansion-tear die 4 in a middle bottom plate connecting hole 62 of the bottom plate 6 by a bolt, the die pin hole 42 is connected with a bottom plate pin hole 64 of the bottom plate 6 by a cylindrical pin, and the pin connection is used as an assembly positioning.
For convenient assembly and disassembly of the device, the bracket 3 is designed into two independent symmetrical structures, and a perspective view of half of the bracket 3 is shown in fig. 8. The bracket 3 is provided with a bracket connecting hole 31, the bracket connecting hole 31 is connected with a bolt through hole 61 through a bolt, the bracket 3 is arranged on the bottom plate 6, and the bottom of the bracket 3 is provided with a bracket positioning groove 32 which is matched and connected with the positioning block 5. In addition, the handle grooves 33 are respectively arranged on two sides of the bracket 3, so that an installer can conveniently move the bracket 3 in the operation process. The inner wall 37 of the bracket 3 and the end of the bottom plate 6 form a cavity which can accommodate the coupling shrinkage, expansion and tearing deformation of the deformation tube 1 which moves after being impacted. The middle of the bracket 3 is provided with a groove 34 and a bracket through hole 35, a bracket screw hole 36 is arranged in the groove 34, and the diameter reducing die 2 is arranged in the groove 34 through bolts in the diameter reducing die connecting hole 22 of the diameter reducing die 2. The cylindrical surface 21 of the diameter reducing die 2 is matched with the groove 34 of the bracket 3.
2. Deformation pipe installation positioning part
In order to facilitate the smooth removal of the deformed residual material from the device, the reducing mold 2 is designed as a symmetrical mold, and half of the reducing mold 2 is shown in fig. 6. The reducing die 2 includes a cylindrical surface 21, a reducing die connecting hole 22, a reducing through hole 23, and an inclined wall hole 24. The cylindrical surface 21 is sleeved in the groove 34 of the bracket 3, and the reducing die connecting hole 22 of the reducing die 2 is connected with the bracket screw hole 36 of the bracket 3 through a bolt, so that the reducing die 2 is prevented from sliding. In addition, the reducing die 2 and the mounting symmetry line of the bracket 3 are in vertical relation, so that the stability of the device is improved. The front end of the deforming pipe 1 is fitted at the inclined wall hole 24 of the reducing die 2.
The deformation tube 1 is a thin-walled metal tube, the strength of which is far smaller than that of the reducing die 2 and the expansion-tearing die 4, and the orifice of the deformation tube 1 is provided with a plurality of small grooves 12 for inducing deformation, as shown in fig. 5.
The invention provides an energy absorbing device in a coupled shrinkage-expansion-tearing deformation mode, which has the working principle that:
the load loading diagram is shown in fig. 14 when the device is subjected to axial impact during collision. The deformation process of the deformed tube is divided into two main stages as shown in fig. 15, and is specifically as follows:
the first stage: from the beginning of the contact of the deformation tube 1 with the reducing die 2 to the end of the contact of the front end of the deformation tube 1 with the tapered surface 43 of the expansion-tearing die 4. As the deformed tube 1 continues to move axially, the deformed tube 1 is continuously extruded to undergo progressive shrinkage plastic deformation due to the constraint of the inclined wall hole 24 of the shrinkage die 2, and simultaneously the outer side 11 of the deformed tube rubs against the inner wall of the shrinkage die 2. After the deformed tube 1 moves to the junction of the inclined wall hole 24 and the reduced diameter through hole 23, the inner diameter remains unchanged and continues to move axially. In the reducing deformation process, the inclined wall holes 24 and the reducing through holes 23 of the reducing mold 2 guide the deformation pipe 1 to generate stable and orderly deformation.
And a second stage: the deformed tube 1 is brought into contact with the expansion-tear die 4 until the entire loading process is completed. By reasonably designing diameter parameters of the diameter reducing die 2 and the expansion-tearing die 4, namely that the minimum outer diameter of the expansion-tearing die 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the diameter reducing through hole 23 of the diameter reducing die 2, the deformation pipe 1 is guided to smoothly transition to the expansion deformation process after the diameter reducing deformation stage is finished. Along with the axial movement of the deformation tube 1, the front end of the tube wall is contacted with the conical surface 43 of the expansion-tearing die 4, the top end of the tube wall is subjected to expansion deformation, the deformation tube 1 is subjected to expansion plastic deformation, meanwhile, the inner side of the deformation tube 1 is rubbed with the outer side of the expansion-tearing die 2, and in the expansion deformation process, the load force of the deformation tube 1 is stable, and the deformation is stable. As the collision process proceeds, the front end of the deformation tube 1 contacts with the cambered surface 44 of the expansion-tear die 4. When the front end of the deformation tube 1 expands to a certain degree, the small groove 12 prefabricated at the top end is torn and deformed, and the deformation is curled under the constraint of the expansion-tearing die 4, so that one energy absorption stroke is completed.
The deformation tube shows force change as shown in fig. 16, impact force is stable, the stepwise stable rising trend is shown, compared with the traditional similar device, energy absorption capacity is greatly improved, strong peak value of the impact force can not occur, and passengers and goods can be better protected.
Claims (4)
1. The energy absorbing device is characterized by comprising a deformation pipe (1), a reducing die (2), a bracket (3), an expansion-tearing die (4), a bottom plate (6) and a positioning block (5);
the bottom plate (6) is provided with a bolt through hole (61), a bottom plate connecting hole (62), a bottom plate screw hole (63), a bottom plate pin hole (64), a weight reducing hole (65) and a bottom plate positioning groove (66);
the bracket (3) is provided with a bracket connecting hole (31), the bracket connecting hole (31) is connected with a bolt through hole (61) through a bolt, the bracket (3) is arranged on the bottom plate (6), and the bottom of the bracket (3) is provided with a bracket positioning groove (32); a cavity capable of accommodating the coupling shrinkage, expansion and tearing deformation of the deformation pipe (1) which moves after being impacted is formed between the inner wall (37) of the bracket (3) and the end part of the bottom plate (6); a groove (34) and a bracket through hole (35) are arranged in the middle of the top surface of the bracket (3), and a bracket screw hole (36) is arranged in the groove (34);
the lower half section of the positioning block (5) is arranged in a bottom plate positioning groove (66) of the bottom plate (6), a positioning hole (51) on the positioning block (5) is connected with a bottom plate screw hole (63) of the bottom plate (6) through a bolt, and the upper half section of the positioning block (5) is arranged in a bracket positioning groove (32) at the bottom of the bracket (3);
the outer contour of the expansion-tearing die (4) comprises a conical surface (43) and an arc surface (44), so that a combined deformation mode of firstly expanding and then tearing occurs in the axial downward pressing process of the deformation tube (1); the expansion-tearing die (4) is positioned in the bracket (3) and below the bracket through hole (35) of the bracket (3); the expansion-tearing die (4) is provided with a die screw hole (41) and a die pin hole (42), the die screw hole (41) is connected with a bottom plate connecting hole (62) of the bottom plate (6) through a bolt, the expansion-tearing die (4) is arranged on the bottom plate (6), and the die pin hole (42) is connected with a bottom plate pin hole (64) of the bottom plate (6) through a cylindrical pin;
the diameter-reducing die (2) is of an annular structure, the outer wall surface of the diameter-reducing die (2) is a cylindrical surface (21), the inner wall surface sequentially comprises a diameter-reducing through hole (23) and an inclined wall hole (24), and the diameter-reducing die (2) is provided with a diameter-reducing die connecting hole (22); the cylindrical surface (21) is arranged in a groove (34) of the bracket (3), and a reducing die connecting hole (22) of the reducing die (2) is connected with a bracket screw hole (36) of the bracket (3) through a bolt to prevent the reducing die (2) from sliding;
the front end of the deformation pipe (1) is matched with an inclined wall hole (24) of the reducing die (2); the deformation tube (1) is a thin-wall metal tube.
2. The energy absorbing device in the coupled shrinkage-expansion-tearing deformation mode according to claim 1, wherein the front pipe orifice of the deformation pipe (1) is provided with a plurality of small grooves (12) for inducing deformation.
3. The energy absorbing device of the coupled collapse-expansion-tear deformation mode according to claim 1, wherein the bracket (3) comprises two half brackets which are of independent and symmetrical structures; the diameter-reducing die (2) is of an annular structure and is divided into two symmetrical semi-rings; the symmetry line of the diameter-reducing mould (2) and the bracket (3) is in vertical relation.
4. Energy absorbing device in coupled collapse-expansion-tear deformation mode according to claim 1, characterized in that the two sides of the shown bracket (3) are provided with pull-in grooves (33) respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211707517.5A CN115709694B (en) | 2022-12-29 | 2022-12-29 | Energy absorbing device of coupling shrink-expansion-tear deformation mode |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211707517.5A CN115709694B (en) | 2022-12-29 | 2022-12-29 | Energy absorbing device of coupling shrink-expansion-tear deformation mode |
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| CN115709694A CN115709694A (en) | 2023-02-24 |
| CN115709694B true CN115709694B (en) | 2024-04-12 |
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| CN202211707517.5A Active CN115709694B (en) | 2022-12-29 | 2022-12-29 | Energy absorbing device of coupling shrink-expansion-tear deformation mode |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4404569A1 (en) * | 1993-02-25 | 1994-09-01 | Volkswagen Ag | Deformation element working according to the inversion principle |
| EP0850807A2 (en) * | 1996-12-27 | 1998-07-01 | Euromotive Gesellschaft m.b.H. | Energy absorbing device for a motor vehicle |
| CN102019939A (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2011-04-20 | 福伊特专利公司 | Energy consumption device, in particular in the form of impact protection for a rail-led vehicle |
| KR20110064104A (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2011-06-15 | 한국철도기술연구원 | Tube-buffer using expanding and tearing progress |
| WO2012016723A1 (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2012-02-09 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Energy absorption device, in particular for a shock absorber of a track-guided vehicle |
| CN102814396A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-12-12 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Multi-pass necking die and determination method for die-entrance angles of multi-pass necking die |
| CN103863351A (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2014-06-18 | 中南大学 | Diameter expanding and cutting composite type energy dissipation device and vehicle |
| KR101770780B1 (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2017-08-24 | 한국철도기술연구원 | a tube type absorbing device |
-
2022
- 2022-12-29 CN CN202211707517.5A patent/CN115709694B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4404569A1 (en) * | 1993-02-25 | 1994-09-01 | Volkswagen Ag | Deformation element working according to the inversion principle |
| EP0850807A2 (en) * | 1996-12-27 | 1998-07-01 | Euromotive Gesellschaft m.b.H. | Energy absorbing device for a motor vehicle |
| CN102019939A (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2011-04-20 | 福伊特专利公司 | Energy consumption device, in particular in the form of impact protection for a rail-led vehicle |
| KR20110064104A (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2011-06-15 | 한국철도기술연구원 | Tube-buffer using expanding and tearing progress |
| WO2012016723A1 (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2012-02-09 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Energy absorption device, in particular for a shock absorber of a track-guided vehicle |
| CN102814396A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-12-12 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Multi-pass necking die and determination method for die-entrance angles of multi-pass necking die |
| CN103863351A (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2014-06-18 | 中南大学 | Diameter expanding and cutting composite type energy dissipation device and vehicle |
| KR101770780B1 (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2017-08-24 | 한국철도기술연구원 | a tube type absorbing device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 鼓胀式压溃吸能结构的碰撞性能研究;夏茜;刘国伟;罗琪;;城市轨道交通研究;20131110(11);全文 * |
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