CN115693712B - DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression method and system - Google Patents
DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression method and system, the method comprising: establishing an RSC mathematical model under the influence of subsynchronous oscillation according to the divergence process of subsynchronous current in a DFIG system of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator, and using the RSC mathematical model as an improved self-adaptive RSC control model of the rotor-side converter; based on an improved self-adaptive rotor side converter RSC control model, the control effect of an RSC system is maintained when the oscillation frequency of a power grid changes, and self-adaptive DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression is achieved. The DFIG of the doubly-fed wind generator can be prevented from being influenced by subsynchronous oscillation of a power grid, the power generation stability of a fan is guaranteed, and the operation safety of the power grid is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rotor side control of a doubly-fed wind driven generator, and relates to a DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression method and a DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression system.
Background
With the proposition of the "dual-carbon target" and the construction of the "new power system", the proportion of new energy such as wind energy in the power system is increasing, and the power system is developing towards a high proportion of renewable energy and a high proportion of power electronic equipment.
A Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) also becomes a mainstream Generator set for wind power generation at present due to the advantages of variable speed, constant frequency and high efficiency. Under the influence of SSO (Subsynchronous oscillation) type faults of a power grid, a Rotor Side Converter (RSC) of the DFIG is influenced by Subsynchronous oscillation components, oscillation components appear in output control signals of the DFIG, DFIG output power can fluctuate, oscillation divergence is caused by superposition of the output power and the Subsynchronous oscillation power, a series of hazards such as grid disconnection, photovoltaic disconnection and the like of a regional wind turbine generator set are caused, and the stability of the power grid is seriously damaged.
Therefore, the research on improving the RSC control system of the DFIG has great significance on the operation safety of the power grid. However, the RSC system control model researched in the general algorithm is a fixed oscillation frequency value, and the RSC system control model is not in accordance with the situation that the oscillation frequency in the RSC system will change due to the change of the operating environment of the power system in the actual engineering, so that the DFIG of the doubly-fed wind generator is easily affected by the subsynchronous oscillation of the power grid, the stable power generation of a fan cannot be guaranteed, and the operation safety of the power grid can be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression method and the system, so that the DFIG of the doubly-fed wind driven generator is prevented from being influenced by the subsynchronous oscillation of a power grid, the power generation stability of a fan is ensured, and the operation safety of the power grid is ensured.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression method comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing an RSC mathematical model under the influence of subsynchronous oscillation according to a divergence process of subsynchronous current in a DFIG system of a doubly-fed wind turbine generator, and using the RSC mathematical model as an improved self-adaptive RSC control model of a rotor-side converter;
and 2, maintaining the control effect of the RSC system when the oscillation frequency of the power grid changes based on the improved self-adaptive rotor side converter RSC control model, and realizing self-adaptive DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression.
Preferably, the step 1 comprises the steps of:
step 11, establishing a DFIG mathematical model when a stator circuit contains subsynchronous current;
step 12, carrying out d-axis directional setting on the DFIG mathematical model according to the grid voltage, neglecting stator resistance Rs, and deducing to obtain a rotor side flux linkage simplified equation;
step 13, carrying out model improvement on the DFIG mathematical model by adopting a rotor side flux linkage simplified equation to obtain d and q axis components of the improved rotor voltage in a dq coordinate system;
and 14, taking d-axis and q-axis components of the improved rotor voltage in a dq coordinate system as a voltage-current control equation under the rotor side dq coordinate system, and combining components of the stator current on the d-axis and q-axis to obtain an RSC mathematical model under the influence of subsynchronous oscillation, namely the improved adaptive RSC control model of the rotor side converter.
Preferably, in step 11, the mathematical model of DFIG when the stator line includes the subsynchronous current is:
wherein u is sd 、u sq Q-axis components of the stator voltage in the dq coordinate system are respectively;
ψ sd 、ψ sq d-axis and q-axis components of the stator flux linkage respectively;
i sd 、i rd the components of the stator current and the rotor current on the d axis respectively;
i sq 、i rq the components of the stator current and the rotor current on a q axis are respectively;
ψ rd 、ψ rq the d-axis component and the q-axis component of the rotor flux linkage are respectively;
R s is the resistance of the stator winding, R r Resistance of the rotor winding;
ω 1 is the stator voltage frequency, ω r Is the rotor voltage frequency;
ls, lr and Lm are respectively stator self-inductance, rotor self-inductance and stator-rotor mutual inductance;
and when the stator circuit contains subsynchronous current, the three-phase current of the stator in the DFIG system is as follows:
wherein i sa 、i sb 、i sc The stator side phase a, phase b and phase c current components are respectively;
for the phase value of the basic current component,is the subsynchronous current component phase value;
ω n to a sub-synchronous voltage frequency, I n The total current value of the stator side is shown, and t is a time variable;
the components of the stator current on the d and q axes are as follows:
wherein i sd0 、i sq0 Respectively a d-axis component and a q-axis component of the stator side basic current;
Δi sd 、Δi sq respectively are the components of a stator side subsynchronous current d axis and a stator side subsynchronous current q axis;
the formula for the power oscillation is:
wherein, U s The power frequency voltage value is obtained;
ΔP s as active power differential value, Δ q s Is the reactive power difference value.
Preferably, in step 12, the derivation process of the rotor-side magnetic linkage simplified equation is as follows:
preferably, step 13 is specifically:
substituting equation (9) into equation (5):
substituting equation (10) into equation (7):
substituting equation (11) into equation (6):
equation (12) is the d-axis and q-axis components of the improved rotor voltage in the dq coordinate system.
Preferably, in step 14, the modified rotor voltage d and q axis components in the dq coordinate system are used as a voltage-current control equation in the rotor side dq coordinate system, and the components of the stator current in the d and q axes are substituted, that is, formula (12) is substituted into formula (2) to derive:
therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
preferably, the process of obtaining the RSC mathematical model under the influence of subsynchronous oscillation in step 14 is as follows:
substituting equation (14) into equation (12) to simplify decoupling of the coupling component due to subsynchronization:
the equations (14), (15), (16) and (17) constitute an improved adaptive rotor-side converter RSC control model.
Preferably, in the step 2, the subsynchronous oscillation tracking of the system is realized by calculating a frequency difference value according to a formula (14), the subsynchronous oscillation generated among the systems is monitored, an input relation and an output relation of d and q axis components containing a non-oscillation component of the system under the influence of the subsynchronous oscillation on the rotor side voltage of the DFIG are calculated according to a formula (15), and a subsynchronous oscillation influence term is distinguished;
and performing adaptive resonance control through frequency tracking according to the formulas (16) and (17), and performing suppression control on resonance components in the DFIG rotor voltage, namely subsynchronous oscillation influence terms.
A DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression system, comprising:
the module construction module is used for establishing an RSC mathematical model under the influence of subsynchronous oscillation according to the divergence process of subsynchronous current in the DFIG system of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator, and the RSC mathematical model is used as an improved self-adaptive RSC control model of the rotor-side converter;
and the subsynchronous oscillation suppression module is used for maintaining the control effect of the RSC system when the oscillation frequency of the power grid changes based on the improved self-adaptive rotor side converter RSC control model, and realizing self-adaptive DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression.
A terminal comprising a processor and a storage medium; the storage medium is used for storing instructions;
the processor is configured to operate in accordance with the instructions to perform the steps of the method.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method, an RSC mathematical model under the influence of subsynchronous oscillation RSC is established according to the divergence process of subsynchronous current in the DFIG system of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator, the RSC mathematical model is used as an improved self-adaptive rotor side converter RSC control model, the control effect of the RSC system is maintained when the oscillation frequency of a power grid changes based on the improved self-adaptive rotor side converter RSC control model, the self-adaptive DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression is realized, the anti-jamming capability of the whole DFIG system is improved, and the designed RSC suppression model can suppress oscillation with different frequencies.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression method of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described herein are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, example 1 of the present invention provides a DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression method, which, in a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the invention, comprises the steps of:
step 1, establishing an RSC mathematical model under the influence of subsynchronous oscillation according to a divergence process of subsynchronous current in a DFIG system of a doubly-fed wind turbine generator, and using the RSC mathematical model as an improved self-adaptive RSC control model of a rotor-side converter;
further preferably, step 1 comprises:
step 11, establishing a DFIG mathematical model when a stator circuit contains subsynchronous current;
when the stator circuit contains subsynchronous current, the three-phase current of the stator is as follows:
wherein i sa 、i sb 、i sc The stator side phase a, phase b and phase c current components are respectively;
for the phase value of the basic current component,is the subsynchronous current component phase value;
ω n to a sub-synchronous voltage frequency, I n The total current value of the stator side is shown, and t is a time variable;
and performing PARK conversion on the stator current to obtain the components of the stator current on d and q axes as follows:
wherein i sd0 、i sq0 Respectively a d-axis component and a q-axis component of the stator side basic current;
Δi sd 、Δi sq respectively are the components of a stator side subsynchronous current d axis and a stator side subsynchronous current q axis;
the formula for the power oscillation is:
wherein, U s The power frequency voltage value is obtained;
ΔP s as differential value of active power, Δ q s Is the reactive power difference value.
The method for establishing the DFIG mathematical model when the stator circuit contains subsynchronous current comprises the following steps:
stator data model:
a rotor mathematic module:
wherein u is sd 、u sq Q-axis components of the stator voltage in the dq coordinate system are respectively;
ψ sd 、ψ sq d-axis and q-axis components of the stator flux linkage respectively;
i sd 、i rd the components of the stator current and the rotor current on the d axis respectively;
i sq 、i rq the components of stator and rotor currents on the q-axis
ψ rd 、ψ rq The d-axis component and the q-axis component of the rotor flux linkage are respectively;
R s is the resistance of the stator winding, R r Resistance of the rotor winding;
ω 1 is the stator voltage frequency, ω r Is the rotor voltage frequency;
ls, lr and Lm are respectively stator self-inductance, rotor self-inductance and stator-rotor mutual inductance;
step 12, carrying out d-axis directional setting on the DFIG mathematical model according to the grid voltage, neglecting stator resistance Rs, and deducing to obtain a rotor side flux linkage simplified equation;
step 13, carrying out model improvement on the DFIG mathematical model by adopting a rotor side flux linkage simplified equation to obtain d-axis and q-axis components of the improved rotor voltage in a d-q coordinate system;
substituting equation (9) into the voltage-current control equation (5):
substituting equation (10) into equation (7):
substituting equation (11) into equation (6):
equation (12) is the d-axis and q-axis components of the improved rotor voltage in the d-q coordinate system.
And 14, taking d-axis and q-axis components of the improved rotor voltage in a dq coordinate system as a voltage-current control equation under the rotor side dq coordinate system, and combining components of the stator current on the d-axis and q-axis to obtain an RSC mathematical model under the influence of subsynchronous oscillation, namely the improved adaptive RSC control model of the rotor side converter.
u rd 、u rq Is the sum of the superposition of formula (15), formula (16) and formula (17).
Firstly, d-axis and q-axis components of the improved rotor voltage in a dq coordinate system are used as a voltage-current control equation under a rotor side dq coordinate system, and components of the stator current on the d-axis and q-axis are substituted, namely formula (12) is substituted into formula (2) to derive:
therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
substituting formula (14) into formula (12) to simplify and decouple the coupling component caused by subsynchronization:
will be of formula (14)、Instead of in equation (12)、And simplified decoupling of the coupling component brought by subsynchronization is realized.
Due to the fact thatWithout the variables, equations (15) and (16) are not considered in the derivation process.
The equations (14), (15), (16) and (17) constitute an improved adaptive rotor-side converter RSC control model.
The above equation (15) is the result of the mathematical relationship between voltage and current, and for realizing the actual reference of digital control, the PID control method is required to be introduced, and the equations (16) and (17) are the control equations for the PID control method according to the equation (15).
Step 2, based on the improved self-adaptive rotor side converter RSC control model, the control effect of an RSC system is maintained when the oscillation frequency of the power grid changes, and self-adaptive DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression is realized, specifically:
according to a formula (14), the subsynchronous oscillation tracking of the system is realized by calculating a frequency difference value, the subsynchronous oscillation generated between the systems is monitored, an input and output relational expression of d and q axis components containing system non-oscillation components under the influence of the subsynchronous oscillation on the rotor side voltage of the DFIG is calculated according to a formula (15), and subsynchronous oscillation influence items are distinguished;
And performing adaptive resonance control through frequency tracking according to the formulas (16) and (17), and performing suppression control on resonance components in the DFIG rotor voltage, namely subsynchronous oscillation influence terms.
In the formula (17)In order to be part of the frequency tracking,is input intoA signal tracking section for tracking the signal of the optical pickup,is the input signal.
Through the steps, the anti-interference capability of the RSC control system of the DFIG is improved, the filtering of the subsynchronous oscillation interference signals in the system is processed, the stability and the accuracy of RSC control are improved, and the stable output of the power of the DFIG generator is further realized.
Therefore, the interference of the RSC system by subsynchronous oscillation in the power grid is considered, and the improved adaptive algorithm is designed to improve the algorithm of the RSC controller, so that the stable output of the DFIG generator power is ensured.
An embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression system, including:
the module construction module is used for establishing an RSC mathematical model under the influence of subsynchronous oscillation according to the divergence process of subsynchronous current in the DFIG system of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator, and the RSC mathematical model is used as an improved self-adaptive RSC control model of the rotor-side converter;
and the subsynchronous oscillation suppression module is used for maintaining the control effect of the RSC system when the oscillation frequency of the power grid changes based on the improved self-adaptive rotor side converter RSC control model, and realizing self-adaptive DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression.
A terminal comprising a processor and a storage medium; the storage medium is used for storing instructions;
the processor is configured to operate in accordance with the instructions to perform the steps of the method.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method, an RSC mathematical model under the influence of subsynchronous oscillation RSC is established according to the divergence process of subsynchronous current in the DFIG system of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator, the RSC mathematical model is used as an improved self-adaptive rotor side converter RSC control model, the control effect of the RSC system is maintained when the oscillation frequency of a power grid changes based on the improved self-adaptive rotor side converter RSC control model, the self-adaptive DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression is realized, the anti-jamming capability of the whole DFIG system is improved, and the designed RSC suppression model can suppress oscillation with different frequencies.
The present disclosure may be systems, methods, and/or computer program products. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions embodied thereon for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present disclosure.
The computer readable storage medium may be a tangible device that can hold and store the instructions for use by the instruction execution device. The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic memory device, a magnetic memory device, an optical memory device, an electromagnetic memory device, a semiconductor memory device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical coding device, such as punch cards or in-groove projection structures having instructions stored thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. Computer-readable storage media as used herein is not to be construed as transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through a waveguide or other transmission medium (e.g., optical pulses through a fiber optic cable), or electrical signals transmitted through electrical wires.
The computer-readable program instructions described herein may be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to a respective computing/processing device, or to an external computer or external storage device via a network, such as the internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and/or a wireless network. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/or edge servers. The network adapter card or network interface in each computing/processing device receives computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions for storage in a computer-readable storage medium in the respective computing/processing device.
The computer program instructions for carrying out operations of the present disclosure may be assembler instructions, instruction Set Architecture (ISA) instructions, machine-related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Smalltalk, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, the electronic circuitry that can execute the computer-readable program instructions implements aspects of the present disclosure by utilizing the state information of the computer-readable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuitry, such as a programmable logic circuit, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or a Programmable Logic Array (PLA).
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression method is characterized in that:
step 1, establishing an RSC mathematical model under the influence of subsynchronous oscillation according to a divergence process of subsynchronous current in a DFIG system of a doubly-fed wind turbine generator, and using the RSC mathematical model as an improved self-adaptive RSC control model of a rotor side converter, wherein the RSC mathematical model comprises the following steps:
step 11, establishing a DFIG mathematical model when a stator circuit contains subsynchronous current;
step 12, carrying out d-axis directional setting on the DFIG mathematical model according to the grid voltage, neglecting stator resistance Rs, and deducing to obtain a rotor side flux linkage simplified equation;
step 13, carrying out model improvement on the DFIG mathematical model by adopting a rotor side flux linkage simplified equation to obtain d and q axis components of the improved rotor voltage in a dq coordinate system;
step 14, using d-axis and q-axis components of the improved rotor voltage in a dq coordinate system as a voltage-current control equation under the rotor side dq coordinate system, and combining components of stator current on d-axis and q-axis to obtain an RSC mathematical model under the influence of subsynchronous oscillation, namely the RSC mathematical model is the improved self-adaptive RSC control model of the rotor side converter;
in step 14, d and q axis components of the improved rotor voltage in the dq coordinate system are used as a voltage-current control equation in the dq coordinate system of the rotor side, and components of the stator current in the d and q axes are substituted, that is, d and q axis components of the improved rotor voltage in the dq coordinate system are substituted into components of the stator current in the d and q axes to derive:
the process of obtaining the RSC mathematical model under the influence of subsynchronous oscillation in step 14 is as follows:
and (3) substituting the formula (14) into d and q axis components of the improved rotor voltage in the dq coordinate system to simplify and decouple the coupling component caused by subsynchronization:
the formula (14), the formula (15), the formula (16) and the formula (17) form an improved adaptive rotor side converter RSC control model;
in the above formula, i rd 、i rq The components of the rotor current on the d axis and the q axis are respectively;
ω 1 is the stator voltage frequency, ω r As rotor voltage frequency, ω n Is the sub-synchronous voltage frequency;
R r is the resistance of the rotor winding, I n The total current value of the stator side is shown, and t is a time variable;
ls, lr and Lm are respectively stator self-inductance, rotor self-inductance and stator-rotor mutual inductance;
is the sub-synchronous current component phase value,rotating the vector phase value for the dq axis;
Δi sd 、Δi sq respectively are the components of a stator side subsynchronous current d axis and a stator side subsynchronous current q axis;
U s as a value of power frequency voltage, ΔP s As active power differential value, Δ q s Is a reactive power difference value;
and 2, maintaining the control effect of an RSC system when the oscillation frequency of the power grid changes based on an improved self-adaptive rotor side converter RSC control model, and realizing self-adaptive DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression.
2. The DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in step 11, the DFIG mathematical model when the stator line contains subsynchronous current is:
wherein u is sd 、u sq Respectively representing d-axis components and q-axis components of the stator voltage in a dq coordinate system;
ψ sd 、ψ sq d-axis and q-axis components of the stator flux linkage respectively;
i sd is the component of the stator current on the d-axis;
i sq is the component of the stator current on the q-axis;
ψ rd 、ψ rq the d-axis component and the q-axis component of the rotor flux linkage are respectively;
R s resistance of the stator winding;
and when the stator circuit contains subsynchronous current, the three-phase current of the stator in the DFIG system is as follows:
wherein i sa 、i sb 、i sc The stator side phase a, phase b and phase c current components are respectively;
the components of the stator current on the d and q axes are as follows:
wherein i sd0 、i sq0 Respectively are components of a d axis and a q axis of a basic current at the side of the stator;
the formula for the power oscillation is:
4. the DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression method according to claim 3, wherein:
step 13 specifically comprises:
substituting equation (9) into equation (5):
substituting equation (10) into equation (7):
substituting equation (11) into equation (6):
equation (12) is the d-axis and q-axis components of the improved rotor voltage in the dq coordinate system.
5. The DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in the step 2, the subsynchronous oscillation tracking of the system is realized by calculating a frequency difference value according to a formula (14), subsynchronous oscillation generated among the systems is monitored, an input and output relational expression of d and q axis components containing system non-oscillation components under the influence of subsynchronous oscillation on the rotor side voltage of the DFIG is calculated according to a formula (15), and subsynchronous oscillation influence terms are distinguished;
and performing adaptive resonance control through frequency tracking according to the formulas (16) and (17), and performing suppression control on resonance components in the DFIG rotor voltage, namely subsynchronous oscillation influence terms.
6. A DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression system for implementing the method of any of claims 1-5, characterized in that: the suppression system includes:
the module construction module is used for establishing an RSC mathematical model under the influence of subsynchronous oscillation according to the divergence process of subsynchronous current in the DFIG system of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator, and the RSC mathematical model is used as an improved self-adaptive RSC control model of the rotor-side converter;
and the subsynchronous oscillation suppression module is used for maintaining the control effect of the RSC system when the oscillation frequency of the power grid changes based on the improved self-adaptive rotor side converter RSC control model, and realizing self-adaptive DFIG-RSC subsynchronous oscillation suppression.
7. A terminal comprising a processor and a storage medium; the method is characterized in that:
the storage medium is used for storing instructions;
the processor is configured to operate in accordance with the instructions to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. Computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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