CN115684166A - Soybean detector - Google Patents
Soybean detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN115684166A CN115684166A CN202310000860.4A CN202310000860A CN115684166A CN 115684166 A CN115684166 A CN 115684166A CN 202310000860 A CN202310000860 A CN 202310000860A CN 115684166 A CN115684166 A CN 115684166A
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- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 17
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- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soybean detector in the field of grain detection, which comprises a feeding mechanism, a detection mechanism and a discharging mechanism, wherein the feeding mechanism is arranged on the detection mechanism; the feeding mechanism comprises a material containing disc capable of moving circularly, and the bottom of the material containing disc is a transparent plane; the feeding mechanism comprises a first linear vibration feeder, and a blanking sensor is arranged at a blanking end of the first linear vibration feeder; the detection mechanism comprises two detectors arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the moving path of the material containing disc; the discharging mechanism comprises a receiving hopper and a blowing device capable of blowing materials from the material containing disc into the receiving hopper or a turnover mechanism capable of turning over the material containing disc; the automatic feeding device is characterized by further comprising a controller, wherein the controller comprises a position sensor used for positioning the position of the material containing tray. The soybean containing tray can limit the position of soybeans and enable the soybeans to be uniformly dispersed, and the two detectors can perform double-sided detection on the soybeans in a static state at the same place, so that accurate detection and quantity statistics of damaged grains can be realized, and the detection efficiency and the detection quality of the soybeans are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of grain detection, in particular to a soybean detector.
Background
Currently, when quality detection is performed on soybeans, the method is mainly performed according to GB1352-2009, wherein the main criteria for evaluating soybean quality are: finishing the proportion of granules, damaged granules and impurities, the moisture content, the smell, the color and the like. For the ratio of finished grains, damaged grains and impurities, human eyes are mainly used for identification at present, grains and impurities with unqualified quality are manually removed, and then the ratio of each part is calculated by weighing or counting. The human eye recognition has the disadvantages that the human eye recognition is easily influenced by subjective consciousness, the detection result is unstable, and the efficiency is extremely low. In other types of grain detection, some instruments are used for detecting defective grains, for example, patent document (CN 216792042U), which discloses an instrument for detecting defective grains in wheat, mainly by feeding one wheat grain on a glass turntable, photographing the upper and lower surfaces of the wheat grain by a camera, and finally judging whether the wheat grain is defective grains by an image processing technology. The scheme can greatly improve the wheat detection efficiency, but is not suitable for the soybean detection, because the soybean is different from the wheat in shape, the complete soybean is mostly spherical or ellipsoidal, the contact area with the glass turntable is small, the soybean rolls easily, the shooting range of the camera cannot be ensured, and the rolling state is not favorable for shooting, so that the result is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the existing soybean detection, the invention aims to solve the technical problems that: provides a soybean detector which can improve the detection efficiency and quality of soybeans.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the soybean detector comprises a feeding mechanism, a detection mechanism and a discharging mechanism which are arranged along a detection path in sequence; the feeding mechanism comprises a material containing disc and a conveying mechanism capable of driving the material containing disc to circularly move, the bottom of the material containing disc is a transparent plane, and a surrounding baffle is arranged on the periphery of the material containing disc; the feeding mechanism comprises a first linear vibration feeder, the blanking end of the first linear vibration feeder is positioned right above the moving path of the material containing disc, and a blanking sensor is arranged at the blanking end; the detection mechanism comprises two detectors which are symmetrically arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the moving path of the material containing disc; the discharging mechanism comprises a receiving hopper arranged below the moving path of the material containing disc, and a blowing device capable of blowing materials into the receiving hopper from the material containing disc or a turnover mechanism capable of turning over the material containing disc; the automatic feeding device is characterized by further comprising a controller, wherein the controller comprises a position sensor used for positioning the position of the material containing tray. The bottom of containing tray is transparent plane, and the detector of the below of being convenient for on the one hand sees through the containing tray and detects the soybean, and on the other hand can avoid the soybean to pile up, but disperses in the containing tray. The blanking sensor is used for roughly measuring the quantity of the soybeans falling into the material containing tray from the first linear vibration feeder, so that the quantity of the soybeans in the material containing tray is moderate. The position sensor is used for determining the position of the material containing disc, and corresponding actions can be carried out only when the position of the material containing disc relative to the feeding mechanism, the detection mechanism and the discharging mechanism is determined firstly. The detector comprises a camera or other scanning device capable of identifying components, and an image processing system corresponding to the detector has an image separation function and can count soybeans.
The detection process of the invention is as follows: the detection method comprises the steps that firstly, the position of a material containing disc is identified through a position sensor, when the material containing disc is located under a first linear vibration feeder, a conveying mechanism stops moving, the material feeding mechanism starts feeding, the falling soybeans are counted through a material falling sensor, feeding is stopped after the soybeans in the material containing disc reach a certain number, the conveying mechanism is started, when the material containing disc reaches the position of a detector, the conveying mechanism stops again, the detector simultaneously or alternately takes pictures or scans the upper surface and the lower surface of the soybeans in the material containing disc to obtain images or other component information, the images or other component information are sent to a processing system to be analyzed, the judgment of the number and whether the soybeans are damaged grains or not can be achieved, the determination of the components can be achieved, then, the conveying mechanism is started again, when the material containing disc reaches the position above a material receiving hopper, the soybeans are sent to the material receiving hopper through a material blowing device or a turnover mechanism, and detection of a batch of the soybeans is achieved. According to the process, continuous detection of the soybeans can be realized by arranging a plurality of material containing trays for circular operation.
The invention provides various schemes for the structural forms of a feeding mechanism and a material containing disc, and the schemes are as follows:
the first scheme is as follows: conveying mechanism is including the transparent plate that can rotate on the horizontal plane, the upper surface of transparent plate is equipped with the limiting plate, the peripheral even interval of limiting plate is provided with a plurality of through-holes, the through-hole forms the containing tray with the transparent plate. Utilize rotatable transparent plate to accept the soybean, do not influence the detection, and can realize the continuous cycle operation, the limiting plate that has the through-hole mainly plays spacing and shelters from the effect, limits the soybean in the through-hole region, avoids the soybean to roll out the through-hole because of inertia when falling on the transparent plate from first linear vibration feeder, is convenient for drive the soybean simultaneously and removes in the testing process.
To the first scheme, can only lean on when the ejection of compact to blow off the material device with the soybean and blow off the containing disc, consequently, in order to blow off the soybean the edge of limiting plate is equipped with the round step face for the lateral wall that the through-hole is close to the position at limiting plate edge is shallower than other positions, can be convenient for the soybean turn over the through-hole, perhaps directly sets up the opening with the through-hole intercommunication at limiting plate edge near the position of through-hole. Meanwhile, in order to avoid the soybeans from jumping out of or rolling out of the through hole from the edge of the limiting plate in the feeding stage, the feeding direction of the first linear vibration feeder can be towards the middle area of the transparent plate, so that the soybeans can gather towards the inner side of the through hole under the action of inertia in the feeding process and cannot jump out of or roll out of the through hole from the edge of the limiting plate.
The second scheme is as follows: conveying mechanism includes can be on the horizontal plane pivoted carousel, the containing tray includes that a plurality of and even interval set up on the circumference of carousel, the inclined plane that encloses that one side at carousel center was kept away from to the containing tray keeps off for leaning out. The carousel of this scheme can need not transparent material, only need the holding tray bottom be transparent can, keep away from holding tray one side at carousel center enclose keep off set up to the inclined plane that leans out, mainly be for the convenience blow out the holding tray with the soybean.
For the connection mode of the material containing tray and the rotating disc, the invention also provides the following various schemes:
scheme one the carousel periphery has been seted up the mounting hole, is equipped with the roll-over stand in the mounting hole, and the roll-over stand is articulated with the carousel edge, the containing tray is located the roll-over stand, and its periphery links to each other with the roll-over stand through the spring to be equipped with miniature vibrator in the containing tray side, the carousel bottom corresponds the position with the receiving hopper and is equipped with the telescoping device that can upwards jack up the containing tray. The material containing disc and the roll-over stand are connected through the spring, and the miniature vibrator is mainly made things convenient for to vibrate the material containing disc, and the purpose of vibration is in order to make the soybean in the material containing disc disperse more, and the follow-up discernment damage grain and count when carrying out image processing of being convenient for improve the accuracy nature that detects. When the telescopic device descends, the material containing tray returns to the horizontal state under the action of gravity.
Scheme two the bottom of carousel is equipped with the mount pad, the side of containing disc is equipped with the bracing piece, and the one end that the containing disc was kept away from to the bracing piece is articulated with the mount pad to tip at this end is equipped with spacing portion, makes the bracing piece can rotate certain angle in vertical direction, the carousel periphery is equipped with the electro-magnet, be equipped with the iron sheet on the bracing piece, the adsorbable iron sheet when the electro-magnet circular telegram makes the bracing piece keep the level. At feeding and detection stage, the electro-magnet circular telegram, bracing piece and containing tray are the horizontality, can feed and detect, when containing tray removes to connect the hopper top, the electro-magnet outage, the bracing piece rotates downwards under the action of gravity, until spacing portion and carousel contact, containing tray downward sloping this moment, but the soybean roll-off containing tray, when the containing tray gets back to the feed position again, the electro-magnet is circular telegram again, so circulation is reciprocal.
Scheme three the bottom of carousel is equipped with the mount pad, the side of containing tray is equipped with the bracing piece, and the one end that the containing tray was kept away from to the bracing piece is articulated with the mount pad, makes the bracing piece rotate in vertical direction, be equipped with the elastic component between carousel edge and the bracing piece, the taut bracing piece of elastic component makes it hug closely the carousel bottom and keep the level, is equipped with convex arc lug downwards in the top of containing tray moving path, and the containing tray is when the arc lug of process, and the bracing piece can rotate downwards under the arcwall face effect with the contact of arc lug. This scheme is similar to above-mentioned scheme two, just adopts the elastic component to make the bracing piece keep the horizontality, pushes down the bracing piece through arc lug during the ejection of compact, makes soybean roll-off holding tray, gets back to the horizontality under the elasticity of elastic component afterwards.
The third scheme is as follows: conveying mechanism includes along the chain or the conveyer belt that runway shape return circuit removed on vertical face, the containing tray passes through the bracing piece and links to each other with chain or conveyer belt to when guaranteeing the flat straight section in upper portion in return circuit, the containing tray openly up, feed mechanism and detection mechanism all are located the flat straight section in upper portion in return circuit, connect the hopper to be located the below of the turn of the flat straight section in return circuit upper portion to the flat straight section in lower part. The runway-shaped circulation loop is adopted, the material containing disc located in the straight section at the upper part of the loop can carry out feeding and detection work, and when the material containing disc moves to the arc-shaped section turning downwards, the material containing disc can turn over automatically, so that discharging is realized, and convenience and rapidness are realized.
Furthermore, a crushed particle screening mechanism is arranged in front of the feeding mechanism and comprises a material receiving disc and a screening rotary disc positioned in the material receiving disc, a second linear vibration feeder is arranged above the screening rotary disc, the feeding direction of the second linear vibration feeder faces the edge of the screening rotary disc, a blower is arranged in the middle of the screening rotary disc, and a material receiving groove opposite to the blower is arranged outside the edge of the screening rotary disc; and the discharge hole of the receiving disc is butted with the feeding mechanism. Due to the characteristics of soybeans, the soybeans are easily broken into two pieces in the processing process, and the damage caused by shriveling, worm eating and the like of the soybeans can be separately counted sometimes, so that a broken particle screening mechanism is additionally arranged in the soybean receiving machine, the screening principle of the broken particle screening mechanism is that the soybeans are in a spherical or ellipsoidal shape, when the soybeans fall onto a screening turntable from a second linear vibration feeder, the whole soybeans roll into a receiving disc from the edge of the screening turntable under the action of inertia, and the broken soybeans cannot roll and stay on the screening turntable, and when the soybeans rotate to a position opposite to an air outlet of a blower, the soybeans are blown into the receiving groove to be collected. And then, the soybeans in the receiving disc can be fed into a first linear vibration feeder of a feeding device through a manual or other feeding mechanism for subsequent detection.
Considering the differences in shape between different varieties of soybeans, slightly flattened soybeans will roll at the same feed rate for a shorter distance than round soybeans and slightly larger for a longer distance than small ones. Therefore, in order to adapt to the screening of different varieties of soybeans, in addition to the control by adjusting the feeding speed, a bracket can be arranged on the outer side of the screening turntable, a rotatable door-shaped guide groove is arranged on the bracket, the lower opening of the guide groove is close to the upper surface of the screening turntable, one end of the guide groove is aligned with the blanking end of the second linear vibration feeder, and the other end of the guide groove faces the edge of the screening turntable. The guide way is used for restricting the roll direction of soybean, because the soybean is not complete spherical, the soybean off tracking can be avoided to the guide way, and in addition, to different soybean, the removal route of soybean is adjusted to the angle that the accessible changes the guide way, guarantees that complete soybean can roll from screening carousel edge and fall down.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the flat-bottom material containing disc capable of moving circularly is used as a feeding mechanism, the position of soybeans can be limited, the control of the blanking sensor on the feeding quantity is combined, the soybeans in the material containing disc can be uniformly dispersed and are not accumulated, two detectors carry out double-side detection on the soybeans in a static state at the same place during subsequent detection, accurate detection and quantity statistics of damaged grains can be realized, and the soybean detection efficiency and the soybean detection quality are greatly improved. The invention provides various schemes for the structural forms of the feeding mechanism and the material containing disc, wherein the material containing disc is formed by matching the transparent plate with the through hole in the limiting plate, the structure is simple, soybean detection can be realized by simply improving the prior art, and the modification cost is low; the scheme that the material containing disc is matched with the turnover frame, the miniature vibrator and the telescopic mechanism can improve the dispersion effect of the soybeans, thereby ensuring the accuracy of image recognition and quantity statistics; the scheme that the material containing disc is matched with the support rod and the electromagnet and the scheme that the material containing disc is matched with the support rod, the elastic piece and the arc-shaped lug can realize stable feeding, fixed-point detection and smooth discharging of the material containing disc in a simple and easily controlled mode; the runway-shaped circulation loop scheme is characterized in that the material containing disc positioned at the straight section at the upper part of the loop can perform feeding and detection work, and when the material containing disc reaches the arc-shaped section, the material containing disc can automatically turn over to realize discharging, so that the operation is convenient and fast. In addition, the invention also provides a crushed particle screening mechanism, which skillfully utilizes the morphological characteristics and physical characteristics of the soybeans, can quickly realize the separation of the finished particles from the crushed particles, and improves the diversity and accuracy of soybean detection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a limiting plate of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second limiting plate solution of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the tray of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a second embodiment of the tray of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the supporting rod of the second embodiment of the tray of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the support rod of the second embodiment of the tray of the present invention when the support rod is tilted;
FIG. 8 is a front view of the third embodiment of the tray of the present invention with the support rod horizontal;
FIG. 9 is a front view of the support bar in a third embodiment of the tray of the present invention in an inclined position;
FIG. 10 is a front view of an arc-shaped protrusion in a third embodiment of the tray of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a front view of a fourth embodiment of the tray of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a top plan view of a fourth serving tray version of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of the crushed grain sizing mechanism of the present invention;
the drawing is marked as 100-first linear vibration feeder, 110-blanking sensor, 200-material containing tray, 210-transparent plate, 211-limiting plate, 212-through hole, 213-opening, 220-rotating disc, 230-mounting hole, 231-turning frame, 232-spring, 233-micro vibrator, 234-telescoping device, 240-mounting seat, 241-supporting rod, 242-limiting part, 243-electromagnet, 244-iron sheet, 245-elastic part, 246-arc lug, 247-arc surface, 250-conveying belt, 300-detector, 400-material receiving hopper, 410-material blowing device, 500-position sensor, 510-blocking block, 600-material receiving tray, 610-screening rotating disc, 620-second linear vibration feeder, 630-blower, 640-material receiving groove, 650-bracket and 660-guide groove.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the soybean detector of the present invention comprises a feeding mechanism, a detecting mechanism and a discharging mechanism, which are sequentially arranged along a detection path; the feeding mechanism comprises a material containing disc 200 and a conveying mechanism capable of driving the material containing disc 200 to circularly move, the bottom of the material containing disc 200 is a transparent plane, and a surrounding block is arranged on the periphery of the material containing disc 200; the feeding mechanism comprises a first linear vibration feeder 100, the blanking end of the first linear vibration feeder 100 is positioned right above the moving path of the material containing tray 200, and a blanking sensor 110 is arranged at the blanking end; the detection mechanism comprises two detectors 300 which are symmetrically arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the moving path of the material containing disc 200; the discharging mechanism comprises a receiving hopper 400 arranged below the moving path of the material containing disc 200, and a blowing device 410 capable of blowing materials into the receiving hopper 400 from the material containing disc 200 or a turnover mechanism capable of turning over the material containing disc 200; a controller is also included that includes a position sensor 500 for locating the position of the tray 200.
The material containing disc 200 mainly has three functions, one is that the position of the soybeans can be limited by the structure of the bottom plate and the peripheral enclosure, and the soybeans cannot roll out of the material containing disc 200 in the feeding process, so that the soybeans are limited in the detection range of the detector 300; secondly, under the action of the conveying mechanism, the material containing disc 200 can drive the soybeans to move, so that the subsequent detection and discharging processes are completed, and the continuous operation is realized; thirdly, the transparent plane is used as a bottom plate, so that the detecting instrument 300 on the lower portion can conveniently detect the soybeans through the material containing tray 200, and the soybeans can be dispersed in the material containing tray 200, and the detection precision is improved. The size of the tray 200 is selected according to the detection range of the detector 300, and the size range of the tray 200 is smaller than the detection range of the detector 300, and in addition, the tray 200 is preferably circular, so that the soybean can be prevented from being accumulated at the corner. The blanking sensor 110 may be a photoelectric switch, and may shield light when the soybeans drop from the blanking end of the linear vibration feeder 100, and count the number of times for each shielding, thereby realizing the recording of the number of the blanked soybeans. In order to avoid splashing when the soybeans fall into the material containing tray 200 from the first linear vibration feeder 100, the first linear vibration feeder 100 needs to be located at a lower position, so that the blanking sensor 110 only needs to roughly measure the quantity of the soybeans falling into the material containing tray 200 from the first linear vibration feeder 100, does not need too high precision, meets a certain range, and aims to ensure that the soybeans in the material containing tray 200 are dispersed and not accumulated. For example, the material dropping sensor 110 may be set to stop feeding when the number of the material containing trays 200 is designed to be 30, and the number of the soybeans in the material containing trays 200 may be 15 to 20, so as to meet the detection requirement, and the accurate counting is realized by the subsequent image processing. The feeding mechanism may further include another feeding hopper or a vibrating feeder in front of the first linear vibrating feeder 100 according to the detected amount and the feeding speed requirement, so that the feeding speed of the first linear vibrating feeder 100 meets the requirement. The position sensor 500 is used to determine the position of the material tray 200, and only when the position of the material tray 200 relative to the feeding mechanism, the detecting mechanism and the discharging mechanism is determined, the corresponding action can be performed. Position sensing can be realized to modes such as photoelectric switch, touch switch, encoder or numerical control motor specifically, when adopting photoelectric sensor, can set up with holding tray 200 corresponding position and hide piece 510, when sheltering from piece 510 and block photoelectric sensor's light, holding tray 200 just stops to remove. In order to improve the detection efficiency and reduce the pause, when the relative positions of all the parts are arranged, when one material containing tray 200 is positioned at the detection position, the other material containing tray 200 is just positioned at the feeding position, and the other material containing tray 200 is just positioned at the discharging position, so that three different operations can be realized by pausing once. The detector 300 includes a camera or other scanning device capable of component identification, and the corresponding image processing system should have image separation function for soybean counting. The two detectors 300 need to be symmetrically arranged together, because the soybeans may turn over when the material containing tray 200 drives the soybeans to move, if the detection is staggered, the situation that the same soybean is detected twice on different surfaces cannot be ensured.
The detection process of the invention is as follows: firstly, the position of the material containing tray 200 is identified through the position sensor 500, when the material containing tray is positioned under the first linear vibration feeder 100, the conveying mechanism stops moving, the feeding mechanism starts feeding, the falling soybeans are counted through the blanking sensor 110, after the soybeans in the material containing tray 200 reach a certain number, the feeding is stopped, the conveying mechanism is started, when the material containing tray 200 reaches the position of the detector 300, the conveying mechanism stops again, the detector 300 simultaneously or alternately takes pictures or scans the upper and lower surfaces of the soybeans in the material containing tray 200 to obtain images or other component information, the images or other component information are sent to the processing system for analysis, the judgment of the number and whether the soybeans are damaged grains or not and the determination of the components can be realized, then, the conveying mechanism is started again, when the material containing tray 200 reaches the position above the material receiving hopper 400, the soybeans are sent to the material receiving hopper 400 through the material blowing device 410 or the turnover mechanism, and the detection of a batch of soybeans is completed. According to the process, continuous detection of the soybeans can be realized by arranging a plurality of material containing discs 200 for circular operation.
For the structural form of the feeding mechanism and the material containing tray 200, the invention provides a plurality of schemes, which are as follows:
the first scheme is as follows: as shown in fig. 2, the conveying mechanism includes a transparent plate 210 capable of rotating on a horizontal plane, a limiting plate 211 is disposed on an upper surface of the transparent plate 210, a plurality of through holes 212 are uniformly spaced around the limiting plate 211, and the through holes 212 and the transparent plate 210 form a material containing tray 200. The rotatable transparent plate 210 is used for bearing the soybeans, detection is not influenced, continuous circulating operation can be realized, the limiting plate 211 with the through holes 212 mainly plays a role in limiting and shielding, the soybeans are limited in the through holes 212, and the soybeans can be prevented from rolling out of the through holes 212 due to inertia when falling onto the transparent plate 210 from the first linear vibration feeder 100. The thickness of the limiting plate 211 can be set to be 3-5mm, through tests, on the premise of proper feeding speed and fall, the limiting plate 211 with the thickness of 3-5mm can effectively prevent soybeans from popping out of the through hole 212, in addition, the diameter of the soybeans is generally 3-5mm, and the soybeans cannot be overturned out of the through hole 212 in the moving process along with the transparent plate 210. Because the transparent plate 210 cannot be turned over, the soybeans can only be blown out of the material containing tray 200 by the material blowing device 410 during discharging, so that in order to blow out the soybeans, a circle of step surface is arranged at the edge of the limiting plate 211, so that the side wall of the through hole 212 close to the edge of the limiting plate 211 is shallower than other parts, namely the enclosure of the material containing tray 200 close to the edge of the limiting plate 211 is thinner, for example, 0.5-1mm, and the soybeans can be smoothly turned out of the through hole 212 under the blowing action, or as shown in fig. 3, an opening 213 communicated with the through hole 212 is directly arranged at the edge of the limiting plate 211 close to the through hole 212. The thinned part or the opening 213 of the limiting plate 211 is not too large, and only occupies about one third of the arc length of the through hole 212, so that the limiting effect on the soybeans is possibly influenced, and the soybean discharging is inconvenient due to too small size. Meanwhile, in order to prevent the soybeans from jumping out of or rolling out of the through-holes 212 from the edges of the limiting plate 211 in the feeding stage, the feeding direction of the first linear vibration feeder 100 may be directed toward the middle region of the transparent plate 210, so that the soybeans are gathered toward the inside of the through-holes 212 by inertia while being fed, and do not jump out of or roll out of the through-holes 212 from the edges of the limiting plate 211.
The second scheme is as follows: as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the conveying mechanism includes a rotating disc 220 capable of rotating on a horizontal plane, the material containing disc 200 includes a plurality of material containing discs arranged on the circumference of the rotating disc 220 at uniform intervals, and the enclosure of one side of the material containing disc 200 away from the center of the rotating disc 220 is an inclined plane inclined outwards. The carousel 220 of this scheme can not need transparent material owing to do not connect the material, only need the containing tray 200 bottom be transparent can, keep away from the enclosing of one side at carousel 220 center with containing tray 200 and keep off and set up to the inclined plane that leans out, is mainly for the convenient containing tray 200 ejection of compact.
For the connection mode of the material containing tray 200 and the rotating disc 220, the invention provides the following various schemes:
in the first scheme, as shown in fig. 4, a mounting hole 230 is formed in the periphery of the turntable 220, a roll-over stand 231 is arranged in the mounting hole 230, the roll-over stand 231 is hinged to the edge of the turntable 220, the material containing tray 200 is located in the roll-over stand 231, the periphery of the material containing tray is connected with the roll-over stand 231 through a spring 232, a micro vibrator 233 is arranged on the side surface of the material containing tray 200, and a telescopic device 234 capable of lifting the material containing tray 200 upwards is arranged at a position corresponding to the material receiving hopper 400 at the bottom of the turntable 220. Containing tray 200 passes through spring 232 with roll-over stand 231 and links to each other, mainly makes things convenient for miniature vibrator 233 to vibrate containing tray 200, and the purpose of vibration is in order to make the soybean in containing tray 200 disperse more, and the follow-up discernment when carrying out image processing of being convenient for damages grain and count, improves the accuracy nature that detects. A positioning step needs to be arranged between the turning frame 231 and the mounting hole 230 to ensure that the material containing tray 200 can be horizontally placed on the turntable 220. When discharging, the material blowing device is not needed, but the retractable device 234 raises the material containing tray 200 to jack the material containing tray upwards, so that the material containing tray is turned outwards to pour the soybeans out of the material containing tray 200, and when the retractable device 234 descends, the material containing tray 200 returns to a horizontal state under the action of gravity. Of course, in order to avoid the transition of the roll-over stand 231, some limiting structures are required, for example, a torsion spring is arranged at the hinge to ensure the return of the roll-over stand 231.
Scheme two, as shown in fig. 6, 7, the bottom of carousel 220 is equipped with mount pad 240, the side of containing tray 200 is equipped with bracing piece 241, and the one end that the containing tray 200 was kept away from to bracing piece 241 is articulated with mount pad 240 to the tip at this end is equipped with spacing portion 242, makes bracing piece 241 can rotate certain angle in vertical direction, carousel 220 periphery is equipped with electro-magnet 243, be equipped with iron sheet 244 on the bracing piece 241, but the adsorbable iron sheet 244 of electro-magnet 243 circular telegram makes bracing piece 241 keep the level. In the feeding and detecting stage, the electromagnet 243 is energized, the iron sheet 244 is adsorbed by the electromagnet 243, so that the support bar 241 and the material containing tray 200 are in a horizontal state, and the material can be loaded and detected. When the material containing tray 200 moves above the material receiving hopper 400, the electromagnet 243 is powered off, the support rod 241 rotates downwards under the action of gravity, and in the rotating process, the limiting part 242 at the end part of the support rod 241 is in contact with the turntable 220, so that the support rod 241 stops rotating. In order to provide a cushioning effect, a spring, a rubber pad, or the like may be provided on the stopper portion 242. When the supporting rod 241 inclines, the material containing tray 200 also inclines downwards, the soybeans can slide out of the material containing tray 200, when the material containing tray 200 returns to the feeding position, the electromagnet 243 is electrified again, and the process is repeated in a circulating way. In order to ensure that the electromagnet 243 can re-adsorb the iron sheet 244, the angle of inclination of the support bar 241 cannot be too large, and the iron sheet 244 is ensured to be located within the adsorption range of the electromagnet 243.
Scheme III, as shown in fig. 8, 9, 10, the bottom of carousel 220 is equipped with mount pad 240, the side of containing dish 200 is equipped with bracing piece 241, and the one end that the containing dish 200 was kept away from to bracing piece 241 is articulated with mount pad 240, makes bracing piece 241 rotate in vertical direction, be equipped with elastic component 245 between carousel 220 edge and the bracing piece 241, elastic component 245 strains bracing piece 241 and makes it hug closely the carousel 220 bottom and keep the level, is equipped with downward convex arc lug 246 in the top of containing dish 200 moving path, and when containing dish 200 was through arc lug 246, bracing piece 241 and arc lug 246 contacted and can rotate downwards under the effect of arcwall 247. The scheme is similar to the second scheme, except that the elastic member 245 is adopted to keep the support bar 241 in a horizontal state, the support bar 241 and the arc-shaped projection 246 move relatively during discharging, the support bar 241 can overcome the elastic force of the elastic member 245 to rotate downwards, so that the soybeans slide out of the material containing tray 200, and then after the arc-shaped projection 246 is passed, the support bar 241 returns to the horizontal state under the elastic force of the elastic member 245.
The third scheme of the feeding mechanism and the material containing tray 200 is as follows: as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the conveying mechanism includes a chain or a conveying belt 250 moving along a racetrack-shaped loop on a vertical surface, the material containing tray 200 is connected with the chain or the conveying belt 250 through a support rod 241, and ensures that the material containing tray 200 faces upwards when the upper straight section of the loop is in the straight section, the feeding mechanism and the detection mechanism are both positioned on the upper straight section of the loop, and the material receiving hopper 400 is positioned below a turning part from the upper straight section to the lower straight section of the loop. Adopt the circulation circuit of runway shape can realize containing tray 200's cyclic movement equally to the containing tray 200 that is located the straight section in return circuit upper portion can carry out feeding and detection achievement, when it moved the arc section of turn down, containing tray 200 can overturn by oneself, thereby realizes the ejection of compact, convenient and fast. In this embodiment, the transparent conveying belt 250 may be directly used as the carrier, and the flexible enclosure is disposed on the transparent conveying belt 250 to form the material containing tray 200.
Further, the present invention further comprises a crushed particle screening mechanism arranged in front of the feeding mechanism, as shown in fig. 13, the crushed particle screening mechanism comprises a receiving tray 600 and a screening turntable 610 located in the receiving tray 600, a second linear vibration feeder 620 is arranged above the screening turntable 610, the feeding direction is toward the edge of the screening turntable 610, a blower 630 is arranged in the middle of the screening turntable 610, and a receiving chute 640 facing the blower 630 is arranged outside the edge of the screening turntable 610; the discharge hole of the take-up pan 600 is butted with the feeding mechanism. Due to the characteristics of soybeans, the soybeans are easy to be broken into two pieces in the processing process, and the damage is sometimes counted separately from the damage caused by shriveling, worm eating and the like of the soybeans. Therefore, the crushed soybean screening mechanism is added in the invention, the screening principle of the mechanism also utilizes the spherical or ellipsoidal shape of the soybeans, when the soybeans fall onto the screening turntable 610 from the second linear vibration feeder 620, the whole soybeans roll down to the material receiving tray 600 from the edge of the screening turntable 610 under the action of inertia, and the crushed soybeans cannot roll and stay on the screening turntable 610, and when the crushed soybeans rotate to the position opposite to the air outlet of the blower 630, the crushed soybeans are blown into the material receiving groove 640 for collection. The proportion of the broken particles can be obtained by weighing the two materials. The soybeans in the take-up pan 600 may then be fed into the first linear vibratory feeder 100 of the feeding device by a human or other feeding mechanism for subsequent testing.
Considering the difference in shape between different varieties of soybeans, slightly flattened soybeans will roll at the same feed rate for a shorter distance than a sphere and slightly larger for a longer distance than a smaller one. Therefore, in order to adapt to the screening of different varieties of soybeans, in addition to the control by adjusting the feeding speed, a bracket 650 can be arranged on the outer side of the screening turntable 610, a rotatable gate-shaped guide groove 660 is arranged on the bracket 650, the lower opening of the guide groove 660 is close to the upper surface of the screening turntable 610, one end of the guide groove is aligned with the blanking end of the second linear vibration feeder 620, and the other end of the guide groove is towards the edge of the screening turntable 610. The guide way 660 is used for limiting the rolling direction of the soybeans, because the soybeans are not complete spherical, the guide way 660 can avoid the soybean off tracking, in addition, to different soybeans, the moving path of the soybeans can be adjusted by changing the angle of the guide way 660, because the second linear vibration feeder 620 is generally fixed, the rolling distance from the soybeans to the edge of the screening turntable 610 can be controlled by the guide way 660, and the complete soybeans can be guaranteed to roll down from the edge of the screening turntable 610.
Claims (10)
1. Soybean detector, characterized by: the device comprises a feeding mechanism, a detection mechanism and a discharging mechanism which are sequentially arranged along a detection path; the feeding mechanism comprises a material containing disc (200) and a conveying mechanism capable of driving the material containing disc (200) to move circularly, the bottom of the material containing disc (200) is a transparent plane, and a surrounding block is arranged on the periphery of the material containing disc (200); the feeding mechanism comprises a first linear vibration feeder (100), the blanking end of the first linear vibration feeder (100) is positioned right above the moving path of the material containing tray (200), and a blanking sensor (110) is arranged at the blanking end; the detection mechanism comprises two detectors (300) which are symmetrically arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the moving path of the material containing disc (200); the discharging mechanism comprises a receiving hopper (400) arranged below the moving path of the material containing tray (200) and a blowing device (410) capable of blowing materials into the receiving hopper (400) from the material containing tray (200) or a turnover mechanism capable of turning over the material containing tray (200); the automatic feeding device further comprises a controller, wherein the controller comprises a position sensor (500) used for positioning the containing tray (200).
2. The soybean measuring instrument of claim 1, wherein: conveying mechanism is including can be at pivoted transparent plate (210) on the horizontal plane, the upper surface of transparent plate (210) is equipped with limiting plate (211), limiting plate (211) periphery even interval is provided with a plurality of through-holes (212), through-hole (212) and transparent plate (210) form containing tray (200).
3. The soybean measuring instrument of claim 2, wherein: the edge of the limiting plate (211) is provided with a circle of stepped surfaces, so that the side wall of the through hole (212) close to the edge of the limiting plate (211) is shallower than other parts, or an opening (213) communicated with the through hole (212) is formed in the part of the edge of the limiting plate (211) close to the through hole (212), and the feeding direction of the first linear vibration feeder (100) faces to the middle area of the transparent plate (210).
4. The soybean testing machine of claim 1, wherein: conveying mechanism includes carousel (220) that can rotate on the horizontal plane, flourishing charging tray (200) include a plurality of and even interval setting on the circumference of carousel (220), the inclined plane that encloses that one side at carousel (220) center was kept away from in flourishing charging tray (200) keeps off for leaning out.
5. The soybean measuring instrument of claim 4, wherein: mounting hole (230) have been seted up to carousel (220) periphery, are equipped with roll-over stand (231) in mounting hole (230), and roll-over stand (231) and carousel (220) edge hinged, material containing tray (200) are located roll-over stand (231), and its periphery links to each other with roll-over stand (231) through spring (232) to be equipped with micro-vibrator (233) in material containing tray (200) side, carousel (220) bottom corresponds the position with hopper (400) and is equipped with telescoping device (234) that can make progress jacking with material containing tray (200).
6. The soybean testing machine of claim 4, wherein: the bottom of carousel (220) is equipped with mount pad (240), the side of containing tray (200) is equipped with bracing piece (241), and the one end that containing tray (200) were kept away from in bracing piece (241) is articulated with mount pad (240) to tip at this end is equipped with spacing portion (242), makes bracing piece (241) can rotate certain angle in vertical direction, carousel (220) periphery is equipped with electro-magnet (243), be equipped with iron sheet (244) on bracing piece (241), but adsorb iron sheet (244) when electro-magnet (243) circular telegram, makes bracing piece (241) keep the level.
7. The soybean measuring instrument of claim 4, wherein: the bottom of carousel (220) is equipped with mount pad (240), the side of containing tray (200) is equipped with bracing piece (241), and the one end that containing tray (200) were kept away from in bracing piece (241) is articulated with mount pad (240), makes bracing piece (241) can rotate in vertical direction, be equipped with elastic component (245) between carousel (220) edge and bracing piece (241), elastic component (245) take-up bracing piece (241) make it hug closely carousel (220) bottom and keep level, be equipped with downward convex arc lug (246) in the top of containing tray (200) moving path, containing tray (200) is when process arc lug (246), and bracing piece (241) and arc lug (246) contact can rotate downwards under arc face (247) effect.
8. The soybean testing machine of claim 1, wherein: conveying mechanism includes chain or conveyer belt (250) that move along runway shape return circuit on the vertical face, material containing tray (200) pass through bracing piece (241) and link to each other with chain or conveyer belt (250) to when guaranteeing the flat straight section in upper portion in return circuit, material containing tray (200) are openly up, feed mechanism and detection mechanism all are located the flat straight section in upper portion in return circuit, connect hopper (400) to be located the below of the turn of the flat straight section in return circuit upper portion to the flat straight section in lower part.
9. The soybean testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: a crushed particle screening mechanism is further arranged in front of the feeding mechanism and comprises a material receiving disc (600) and a screening rotary disc (610) positioned in the material receiving disc (600), a second linear vibration feeder (620) is arranged above the screening rotary disc (610), the feeding direction faces the edge of the screening rotary disc (610), a blower (630) is arranged in the middle of the screening rotary disc (610), and a material receiving groove (640) opposite to the blower (630) is formed outside the edge of the screening rotary disc (610); the discharge hole of the material receiving disc (600) is butted with the feeding mechanism.
10. The soybean testing machine according to claim 9, wherein: the outside of screening carousel (610) still is equipped with support (650), is equipped with rotatable door type guide way (660) on support (650), the lower part opening of guide way (660) closes on screening carousel (610) upper surface, and the blanking end of second linear vibration feeder (620) is aimed at to one end, and the other end is towards screening carousel (610) edge.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN116273895A (en) * | 2023-05-11 | 2023-06-23 | 中储粮成都储藏研究院有限公司 | Soybean vibration separator |
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