CN115677127A - A modular nano-adsorption type heavy metal wastewater treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular nano-adsorption type heavy metal wastewater treatment device, which comprises a filtration module, a pH adjustment module, an adsorption module, a rotation module and a monitoring module. The invention can realize the precise regulation of the pH of the wastewater solution, fully mix the heavy metal wastewater and the nano-adsorbent under the action of the motor rotation, so that the nano-adsorbent can achieve the best adsorption effect, and the online metal detector can detect the water quality in real time, and discharge it after reaching the standard waste water. The device of the invention treats heavy metal wastewater in a modular manner. Compared with the existing device, the device has a high degree of modularization, easy assembly and simple maintenance.

Description

A modular nano-adsorption type heavy metal wastewater treatment device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of heavy metal treatment equipment, and in particular relates to a modular nano-adsorption type heavy metal wastewater treatment device.

Background technique

Heavy metal wastewater refers to the heavy metal-containing wastewater discharged from industrial production processes such as mining and metallurgy, oil refineries, tanneries, electroplating and battery factories, metal finishing and chemical manufacturing. Heavy metals in wastewater cannot be degraded, but can only transfer their location and change their physical and chemical forms, so they are more harmful. Moreover, heavy metals can enter the human body through the food chain and accumulate in the human body, leading to various diseases and dysfunction, and ultimately causing serious harm to human health. Therefore, the effective removal of heavy metals in wastewater has become an urgent task. At present, the methods for removing metal ions in wastewater mainly include chemical precipitation, ion exchange, adsorption, membrane filtration and electrochemical methods. Among them, the adsorption method is considered to be a common, simple and effective treatment method.

At present, the heavy metal wastewater treatment devices with nano-adsorption on the market generally include four treatment steps: reagent mixing, precipitation, filtration, and discharge. However, there are some common problems. First, the wastewater without pretreatment has high turbidity, which contains large suspended particles, oil and organic impurities, which are easy to attach to the surface of nano-adsorbents and affect the adsorption effect. Secondly, the device is too complicated and difficult to maintain. Therefore, there is an urgent need on the market for a heavy metal wastewater treatment device that is easy to maintain and has a high degree of modularization.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a modular nano-adsorption type heavy metal wastewater treatment device, aiming at solving the situation that the discharge of heavy metal wastewater does not meet the standard.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this, including filtration module, pH adjustment module, adsorption module, rotation module, monitoring module,

The filter module includes a first control valve, a first output pipeline, a filter box, a second control valve, and a second output pipeline. The top of the filter box is connected to the first output pipeline, and the bottom is connected to the second output pipeline. The first output pipeline is provided with a first control valve, and the second output pipeline is provided with a second control valve;

The pH adjustment module includes a liquid level sensor I, a detection box, a pH electrode, a pH online monitor, an acid-base reagent assembly, a third control valve, and a third output pipeline. The top of the detection box is connected to the second output pipeline, The liquid level sensor I is set in the detection box, the pH online monitor and acid-base reagent components are located outside the detection box, and the detection end of the pH online monitor is equipped with a pH electrode, the pH electrode is located in the detection box, and the acid-base reagent The component communicates with the inside of the detection box, the bottom of the detection box is connected to a third output pipeline, and the third output pipeline is provided with a third control valve;

The adsorption module includes a liquid level sensor II, a nano-adsorption box, a nano-adsorbent storage disk, a support frame, a fourth control valve, and a fourth output pipeline. The liquid level sensor II is arranged in the nano-adsorption box, and the nano-adsorption The agent storage plate is arranged with multiple layers in sequence from top to bottom in the nano-adsorption box. The center of the nano-adsorption storage plate is provided with a through hole. The support is erected on the bottom of the nano-sorption box. connected, the fourth output pipeline is provided with a fourth control valve;

The rotary module includes fan blades, a stirring shaft, and a stirring motor. The stirring motor is arranged at the center of the bottom of the nano-adsorption box. The stirring shaft passes through the central through hole of the nano-adsorbent storage disk, and the stirring shaft and the through hole are fixedly connected to each other. , the lower end of the stirring shaft is connected to the power output end of the stirring motor, the upper end of the stirring shaft extends into the detection box, and the upper end is equipped with fan blades, and a dynamic seal well-known to those skilled in the art can be installed between the stirring shaft and each box body. Achieve good sealing effect;

The monitoring module is an online metal monitor, and the monitoring end of the online metal monitor is located at the bottom of the nano adsorption box.

Preferably, the grid, quartz sand layer and semi-permeable membrane are all clamped in the plate frame, and the grid, quartz sand layer and semi-permeable membrane are arranged in order from top to bottom, and the number of plate frames can be adjusted according to the type of wastewater. The two sides of the plate frame and the filter box are connected by three-section pull-type linear slide rails, and a handle is installed at the front end of the plate frame, and the plate frame can be pulled out by pulling the handle;

Preferably, the acid-base reagent assembly includes an acid solution storage tank, an alkali solution storage tank, a metering pump I, a metering pump II, an acid solution output pipeline, and an alkali solution output pipeline, and the acid solution storage tank is connected to the inlet of the metering pump I. connection, the metering pump I outlet is connected to the acid solution output pipe, the acid solution output pipe is connected to the detection box, the alkali solution storage tank is connected to the metering pump II inlet, the metering pump II outlet is connected to the alkali solution output pipe, and the alkali solution output The pipeline is connected with the detection box, the second control valve, metering pump I, and metering pump II are all connected to the online pH monitor, and the fronts of the acid solution storage tank and the alkali solution storage tank are respectively provided with observation windows II. Window II is openable and can be used not only for observing the liquid stock but also for adding acid-base solution.

Preferably, the liquid level sensor II is connected to the first control valve, and the liquid level sensor I is connected to the second control valve.

Preferably, the nano-adsorbent storage tray includes a chassis and a cover plate, nano-adsorbents are placed in the chassis, honeycomb-shaped holes are evenly distributed on the cover plate, and the holes are used for water permeability. Both are provided with a through hole through which the stirring shaft can pass, and the cover plate is set on the chassis, and both the chassis and the cover plate are provided with an observation window I, and the observation window I is used to observe the shape of the adsorbent.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

1. The device of the present invention has a high degree of modularization, convenient replacement of components, and simple maintenance; the grille, quartz sand layer, and semi-permeable membrane of the filter module are all clamped in the plate frame, and the front end of the plate frame is provided with a handle. There are three sections of pull-out linear slide rails between the filter boxes. Pull the handle to directly pull out the plate frame and replace it; disassemble the filter box, detection box, and nano-adsorption box respectively to expose the nano-adsorbent storage disk. The nano-adsorbent can be replaced by opening the plate;

2. The device of the present invention is widely used, and the composition of the corresponding filter module and adsorption module can be adjusted according to the type of metal wastewater.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the internal facade structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top structural schematic diagram of acid-base reagent assembly;

Fig. 3 is the top view structure schematic diagram of nano-adsorbent storage disk;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the front structure of the frame;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the three-section pull-out linear slide rail;

In the figure: 1-first control valve, 2-first output pipe, 3-filter box, 4-grid, 5-quartz sand layer, 6-semi-permeable membrane, 7-second control valve, 8-second Output pipeline, 9-liquid level sensor Ⅰ, 10-detection box, 11-pH electrode, 12-pH online monitor, 13-acid-base reagent components, 14-acid solution storage tank, 15-alkaline solution storage tank, 16- Metering pump Ⅰ, 17-third control valve, 18-third output pipe, 19-blade, 20-liquid level sensor Ⅱ, 21-nano adsorption box, 22-stirring shaft, 23-chassis, 24-nano adsorbent Storage tray, 25-cover plate, 26-support frame, 27-stirring motor, 28-online metal monitor, 29-the fourth control valve, 30-the fourth output pipe, 31-alkaline solution output pipe, 32-acid solution Output pipeline, 33-three-section pull-out linear slide rail, 34-metering pump II, 35-observation window I, 36-observation window II, 37-plate frame, 38-handle.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited in any way. Any transformation or substitution made based on the teaching of the present invention belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in accompanying drawings 1 to 5, the modularized nano-adsorption type heavy metal wastewater treatment device of this embodiment includes a filter module, a pH adjustment module, an adsorption module, a rotation module, and a monitoring module; the filter module includes a first control valve 1, First output pipeline 2, filter box 3, second control valve 7, second output pipeline 8, the top of the filter box 3 is connected with the first output pipeline 2, the bottom is connected with the second output pipeline 8, the first The output pipeline 2 is provided with a first control valve 1, and the second output pipeline 8 is provided with a second control valve 7; the grid 4, the quartz sand layer 5 and the semi-permeable membrane 6 are all clamped in the plate frame 37, and the grid 4. The quartz sand layer 5 and the semi-permeable membrane 6 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The two sides of the plate frame 37 are connected to the inner wall of the filter box 3 through a three-section pull-out linear slide rail 33. The front end of the plate frame 37 is installed with handle 38;

According to the turbidity of heavy metal wastewater and the size of suspended particles, the filter module can be adjusted, such as for wastewater with large turbidity, large suspended particles, and more impurities; grid 4 is first used to intercept coarse suspended particles or floating Impurities, quartz sand effectively intercepts and removes suspended solids, organic matter, colloidal particles, microorganisms, chlorine, smell and some heavy metal ions in the water, reduces the turbidity of the water, and ensures that the waste water flowing into the nano adsorption box 21 has less impurities and no It will adhere to the surface of the adsorbent to increase the adsorption efficiency of the adsorbent. The semi-permeable membrane 6 is used to intercept fine particles and small molecular organic matter flowing out from the quartz sand layer;

The pH adjustment module includes a liquid level sensor I9, a detection box 10, a pH electrode 11, a pH online monitor 12, an acid-base reagent assembly 13, a third control valve 17, and a third output pipeline 18. The top of the detection box 10 is connected to the The second output pipeline 8 is connected, the liquid level sensor I9 is arranged in the detection box 10, the pH online monitor 12 and the acid-base reagent assembly 13 are located outside the detection box 10, and the detection end of the pH online monitor 12 is equipped with The pH electrode 11, the pH electrode 11 is located in the detection box 10, the acid-base reagent assembly 13 communicates with the detection box 10, the bottom of the detection box 10 is connected with the third output pipeline 18, and the third output pipeline 18 is provided with a third control valve 17; the acid-base reagent assembly 13 includes an acid solution storage tank 14, an alkali solution storage tank 15, a metering pump I16, a metering pump II34, an acid solution output pipeline 32, and an alkali solution output pipeline 31, and the acid solution storage tank 14 and The inlet of the metering pump I16 is connected, the outlet of the metering pump I16 is connected to the acid solution output pipeline 32, the acid solution output pipeline 32 is connected to the detection box 10, the alkali solution storage tank 15 is connected to the inlet of the metering pump II34, and the outlet of the metering pump II34 is connected to the The alkali solution output pipeline 31 is connected, and the alkali solution output pipeline 31 is communicated with the detection box 10. The second control valve 7, the metering pump I16, and the metering pump II34 are all connected to the pH online monitor 12, and the acid solution storage tank 14, The front of the alkali solution storage tank 15 is respectively equipped with observation windows II 36;

For wastewater solutions with different levels of acidity and alkalinity, the pH value of the wastewater solution is first detected by the pH online monitor 12, and then the pH value of the wastewater solution in the detection box 10 is adjusted through the acid-base reagent component 13, so that the pH value of the solution reaches nano-adsorbent adsorption. The pH range when the force is maximum, then the waste water flows into the nano-adsorption box 21 through the third output pipe 18, fully contacts with the nano-adsorbent under the stirring of the stirring motor 27, and achieves the best adsorption effect within the preset pH value range; Metering pump I16 and metering pump II34 realize the release of pH reagent through acid solution output pipeline 32 and alkali solution output pipeline 31 under the control of pH online monitor 12, thereby accurately controlling the pH value range of the wastewater solution; Outflow from the pipeline, the acid solution output pipeline 32 and the alkali solution output pipeline 31 are inclined downward, forming an acute angle of 30 degrees with the horizontal plane;

The adsorption module includes a liquid level sensor II20, a nano-adsorption box 21, a nano-adsorbent storage disk 24, a support frame 26, a fourth control valve 29, and a fourth output pipeline 30, and the liquid level sensor II20 is located in the nano-adsorption box 21 Inside, the nano-adsorbent storage disc 24 is arranged with multiple layers sequentially from top to bottom in the nano-adsorption box 21, the center of the nano-adsorbent storage disc 24 is provided with a through hole, and the support frame 26 is arranged at the bottom of the nano-adsorption box 21 , the bottom of the nano adsorption box 21 is connected to the fourth output pipeline 30, and the fourth output pipeline 30 is provided with a fourth control valve 29; the liquid level sensor II 20 is connected to the first control valve 1, and the liquid level sensor I9 is connected to the first control valve 1. The two control valves 7 are connected; the nano-adsorbent storage disc 24 includes a chassis 23, a cover plate 25, and the nano-adsorbent is placed in the chassis 23, and honeycomb holes are evenly distributed on the cover plate 25, and the chassis 23 1. The through hole through which the stirring shaft 22 can pass is provided at the center of the cover plate 25, and the cover plate 25 is covered on the chassis 23, and the chassis 23 and the cover plate 25 are all provided with an observation window I35; when the waste water enters the adsorption After the module, the nano-adsorbent in the nano-adsorbent storage disc 24 starts to adsorb metal ions in the waste water, and the stirring motor 27 drives the nano-adsorbent storage disc 24 to rotate, fully mixed with the waste water, and strengthens the adsorption efficiency;

The liquid level sensor I9 is connected with the second control valve 7, and is specifically arranged at 2~5cm below the second output pipe 8. In order to prevent the waste liquid in the detection box 10 from flowing back into the filter box 3, when the liquid level reaches the specified liquid level , the liquid level sensor Ⅰ closes the second control valve 7, and the second output pipe 8 stops outputting waste water; When it reaches the preset position, close the first control valve 1, stop the water intake, and prevent the liquid from flowing back into the detection box 10;

Observe the shape of the nano-adsorbent through the observation window I35. When it expands and no longer has the adsorption capacity, replace the new nano-adsorbent; disassemble the filter box 3, the detection box 10, and the nano-adsorption box 21 to expose the nano-adsorbent agent storage tray 24, the cover plate 25 is opened to replace the new nano-adsorbent;

Described rotary module comprises fan blade 19, stirring shaft 22, stirring motor 27, and described stirring motor 27 is located at the bottom center of nano-adsorption box 21, and described stirring shaft 22 passes through nano-adsorbent storage disk 24 central through holes, and stirring shaft 22 is fixedly connected with the through hole, the lower end of the stirring shaft 22 is connected to the power output end of the stirring motor 27, the upper end of the stirring shaft 22 extends into the detection box 10, and the upper end is equipped with a fan blade 19; the monitoring module is an online metal monitor 28;

The monitoring end of the online metal monitor 28 is located at the bottom of the nano adsorption box 21. When the online metal monitor 28 detects that the wastewater reaches the standard, the fourth control valve 29 is opened, and the waste liquid is discharged from the fourth output pipe 30.

Example 2

The modularized nano-adsorption type heavy metal wastewater treatment device of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1. For the copper ore smelting wastewater with a Cu concentration of ¹⁰⁴ mg/L, after the wastewater enters from the first output pipeline 2, the wastewater is treated through the filter box 3 Carry out preliminary treatment, wherein, the two layers of grids in the frame 37 of the filter box 3 firstly intercept the slag in the waste water, and then the waste water flows into the quartz sand layer, because the mining waste water contains more organic and oily pollutants, so The quartz sand layer should be double-layered. According to the commonly used double-layer particle size requirements of quartz sand, the particle size of quartz sand should be 0.5~1.2mm, and the density should not be less than 2.55g/cm ³ . Subsequently, the wastewater flows into the semi-permeable membrane, the particle size of which is between 0.23 and 0.45 μm. After removing the particulate matter and other impurities in the water, it enters the detection box 10 from the second output pipe 8, and the pH online detector 12 detects the box. For waste water, the stirring motor 27 drives the fan blade 19 to rotate, and the motor speed is set to 380 r/min, so that the solution is fully mixed. When the waste water reaches the preset pH of 4~5, the third control valve 17 is opened, and the waste water is fed by the third The output pipe 18 flows into the nano adsorption box 21. In order to prevent the solution in the detection box 10 from flowing back into the filter box 3, when the water level reaches the liquid level line, the signal is transmitted to the first control valve 1 by the liquid level sensor I9, and the first control valve 1 is closed. an output pipe 2;

The waste water flowing into the adsorption box 21 is fully contacted with the nano-adsorbent in the rotating nano-adsorbent storage disk 24 under the action of the stirring motor 27 to drive the stirring shaft 22 to rotate, so that the metal ions in the waste water are adsorbed, and the nano-adsorbent Nano-zinc oxide particles are stored in the storage disk to adsorb copper ions. The nano-zinc oxide particles are commercially produced particles with a particle size of ≤100nm, and the amount of adsorbent is 6g/L. GB25467-2010), the online metal monitor 28 sets the detected Cu ²⁺ concentration to 1.0 mg/L, and detects the concentration of heavy metals in the wastewater in real time. When the online metal monitor 28 detects that the wastewater reaches the standard, the fourth control valve 29 is opened, and the waste The liquid is discharged from the fourth output pipe 30.

Example 3

The modularized nano-adsorption type heavy metal wastewater treatment device of this embodiment is the same as that of Example 1. For the electroplating chromium-containing wastewater with a concentration of 86mg/L, since the main components of the electroplating wastewater are metal salts and complexing agents, they contain metal ions and organic matter. More, so the filter module adjusts accordingly. Compared with Example 2, the quartz sand layer is adjusted to 3 layers, the filter diameter is adjusted to 0.5~0.8mm, the adsorbent is adjusted to magnetic nano-Fe ₃ O ₄ particles, the dosage is 2g/L, and the motor speed is adjusted to 180 r/min , the pH range is adjusted to 5~6. According to the "Electroplating Pollutant Discharge Standard (GB 21900-2008)", the online metal monitor 28 is set to a total chromium concentration of 1.5 mg/L.

The working principle and working process of the present invention: first, the heavy metal wastewater to be treated enters the filter box 3 from the first output pipeline 1 to be filtered, and the first control valve 1 and the second control valve 7 are used to control the opening and closing of the pipeline; the filtered wastewater Enter the detection box 10 through the second output pipe 8, the liquid level sensor I9 is used to detect the liquid level of the wastewater, the pH online monitor 12 detects the pH of the wastewater through the pH electrode 11, and when the pH is too low or too high, the acid-base reagent component 13 Add acid or alkali to adjust the pH of the waste water. During the adjustment process, the stirring motor 27 drives the stirring shaft 22 and the fan blade 19 to rotate, so that the waste water in the detection box 10 is mixed; the waste water is discharged into the nano adsorption box through the third output pipe 18 In 21, during the continuous rotation of the nano-adsorbent storage disc 24, the waste water is stirred evenly on the one hand, and on the other hand, the waste water enters the nano-adsorbent storage disc 24 to contact with the nano-adsorbent; the treated waste water passes through the fourth output pipe 30 is discharged, and the online metal monitor 28 is used to monitor whether the waste water reaches the discharge standard.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a modularization nanometer adsorption type heavy metal effluent treatment plant, includes filtration module, pH adjusting module, adsorption module, rotation module, monitoring module, its characterized in that:

the filtering module comprises a first control valve (1), a first output pipeline (2), a filtering box (3), a second control valve (7) and a second output pipeline (8), wherein the top of the filtering box (3) is connected with the first output pipeline (2), the bottom of the filtering box is connected with the second output pipeline (8), the first output pipeline (2) is provided with the first control valve (1), and the second output pipeline (8) is provided with the second control valve (7);

the pH adjusting module comprises a liquid level sensor I (9), a detection box (10), a pH electrode (11), a pH online monitor (12), an acid-base reagent component (13), a third control valve (17) and a third output pipeline (18), wherein the top of the detection box (10) is connected with the second output pipeline (8), the liquid level sensor I (9) is arranged in the detection box (10), the pH online monitor (12) and the acid-base reagent component (13) are positioned outside the detection box (10), the pH electrode (11) is arranged at the detection end of the pH online monitor (12), the pH electrode (11) is positioned in the detection box (10), the acid-base reagent component (13) is communicated with the detection box (10), the bottom of the detection box (10) is connected with the third output pipeline (18), and the third output pipeline (18) is provided with the third control valve (17);

the adsorption module comprises a liquid level sensor II (20), a nano adsorption tank (21), a nano adsorbent storage disc (24), a support frame (26), a fourth control valve (29) and a fourth output pipeline (30), wherein the liquid level sensor II (20) is arranged in the nano adsorption tank (21), the nano adsorbent storage disc (24) is sequentially provided with a plurality of layers from top to bottom in the nano adsorption tank (21), a through hole is formed in the center of the nano adsorbent storage disc (24), the support frame (26) is arranged at the bottom of the nano adsorption tank (21), the bottom of the nano adsorption tank (21) is connected with the fourth output pipeline (30), and the fourth output pipeline (30) is provided with the fourth control valve (29);

the rotary module comprises fan blades (19), a stirring shaft (22) and a stirring motor (27), the stirring motor (27) is arranged in the center of the bottom of the nano adsorption box (21), the stirring shaft (22) penetrates through a central through hole of the nano adsorbent storage disc (24), the stirring shaft (22) is fixedly connected with the through hole, the lower end of the stirring shaft (22) is connected with a power output end of the stirring motor (27), the upper end of the stirring shaft (22) extends into the detection box (10), and the fan blades (19) are arranged at the upper end of the stirring shaft;

the monitoring module is an online metal monitor (28), and the monitoring end of the online metal monitor (28) is positioned at the bottom in the nanometer adsorption box (21).

2. The modular nanometer adsorption type heavy metal wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the grating (4), the quartz sand layer (5) and the semi-permeable membrane (6) are all clamped in a plate frame (37), two sides of the plate frame (37) are connected with the inner wall of the filter box (3) through three sections of pull-out linear sliding rails (33), and a handle (38) is installed at the front end of the plate frame (37).

3. The modular nanometer adsorption type heavy metal wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the acid-base reagent assembly (13) comprises an acid solution storage tank (14), an alkali solution storage tank (15), a metering pump I (16), an alkali solution output pipeline (31), an acid solution output pipeline (32) and a metering pump II (34), the acid solution storage tank (14) is connected with an inlet of the metering pump I (16), an outlet of the metering pump I (16) is connected with the acid solution output pipeline (32), the acid solution output pipeline (32) is communicated with the detection tank (10), the alkali solution storage tank (15) is connected with an inlet of the metering pump II (34), an outlet of the metering pump II (34) is connected with the alkali solution output pipeline (31), the alkali solution output pipeline (31) is communicated with the detection tank (10), the second control valve (7), the metering pump I (16) and the metering pump II (34) are connected to the pH online monitoring meter (12), and observation windows (36) are respectively arranged on the front faces of the acid solution storage tank (14) and the alkali solution storage tank (15).

4. The modular nano adsorption type heavy metal wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid level sensor II (20) is connected with the first control valve (1), and the liquid level sensor I (9) is connected with the second control valve (7).

5. The modular nanometer adsorption type heavy metal wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the nanometer adsorbent storage tray (24) comprises a base tray (23) and a cover plate (25), the nanometer adsorbent is placed in the base tray (23), honeycomb-shaped holes are uniformly distributed on the cover plate (25), through holes through which the stirring shaft (22) can pass are formed in the centers of the base tray (23) and the cover plate (25), the cover plate (25) is covered on the base tray (23), and the base tray (23) and the cover plate (25) are provided with an observation window I (35).

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