Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a linear motion shaft transmission system and a double-swinging-head structure.
The linear motion shaft transmission system comprises a W shaft box body, a torque motor, a ball screw, a motion shaft assembly and a linear grating, wherein the torque motor, the ball screw and the motion shaft assembly are all arranged in the W shaft box body, the torque motor is fixedly arranged at one end of the W shaft box body, one end of the ball screw coaxially penetrates through an output port of the torque motor and is in threaded fit with the output port of the torque motor, the other end of the ball screw is connected with the motion shaft assembly, the motion direction of the ball screw is the same as the motion direction of the motion shaft assembly, the linear grating is arranged outside the motion shaft assembly, the linear grating detects the displacement of the motion shaft assembly in real time, and the linear grating is in signal connection with a numerical control system.
Preferably, the motor cabinet is fixedly connected with the W axle box body, the torque motor is fixedly arranged on the motor cabinet, and the structure of the motor cabinet is symmetrically distributed with the central axis of the torque motor.
Preferably, the motor cabinet is cylindric motor installation department and linking bridge, and the central axis of motor installation department is collinearly with the central axis of electric main shaft, the linking bridge is fastened respectively in the opposite both sides of motor installation department and is connected with a set of.
Preferably, a liquid cooling cavity is integrated in the motor base, and the liquid cooling cavity is communicated with an external pipeline.
Preferably, the rotor of the torque motor is fixedly connected with a motor connecting shaft, one end of the motor connecting shaft, which is far away from the main shaft box body, is fixedly connected with a screw nut, one end of the ball screw coaxially penetrates through the motor connecting shaft and axially moves along the motor connecting shaft, and one end of the ball screw, which penetrates out of the motor connecting shaft, is in threaded connection with the screw nut.
The motor connecting shaft is characterized in that a cross roller shaft collar and a shaft collar seat are arranged on one side, close to the spindle box, of the motor connecting shaft, the central axes of the shaft collar seat, the cross roller shaft collar and the motor connecting shaft are collinear, the shaft collar seat is fixedly connected with the W shaft box, an outer ring of the cross roller shaft collar is fixedly connected with the shaft collar seat, and an inner ring of the cross roller shaft collar is connected with the motor connecting shaft.
Preferably, one end of the ball screw, which is far away from the screw nut, is fixedly connected with a screw connecting seat, the screw connecting seat is positioned on one side, which is far away from the torque motor, of the shaft collar seat, and the screw connecting seat is coaxially and fixedly connected with the main shaft box body.
Preferably, the screw connecting seat is gradually extended and enlarged from the joint of the screw connecting seat and the ball screw in a direction away from the ball screw.
The movable sealing assembly is arranged at the joint of the moving shaft assembly and the W shaft box body, and comprises a sealing gasket, a waterproof plate and a special Kang Juan, wherein the sealing gasket is arranged between the waterproof plate and the W shaft box body, the special Kang Juan is embedded on the waterproof plate, and the special Kang Juan is in line contact with the main shaft box body.
According to the double-swinging-head structure, the linear motion shaft transmission system disclosed by any one of claims 1-9 is adopted, the double-swinging-head structure further comprises an A shaft component and a B shaft component, the A shaft component is connected with the B shaft component and drives the B shaft component to rotate, and the B shaft component is connected with the W shaft box body and drives the W shaft box body to swing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. According to the invention, the ball screw is directly driven to reciprocate through the torque motor, the ball screw pushes the motion shaft assembly to realize feeding motion, the transmission route is simple, the torque motor and the ball screw are adopted to convert large torque into large thrust, the reciprocating linear feeding motion under the requirement of the large thrust can be met, and the linear grating performs position feedback and error compensation in real time, so that the effect of compensating the motion error of a cutter is achieved, and the feeding precision of the electric spindle is ensured.
2. According to the invention, through a driving mode of direct driving of the torque motor, the load is directly connected with the motor rotor, compared with a traditional servo motor matched with a speed reducer transmission mechanism, the mechanical transmission and mechanical friction are reduced, and the high-precision high-dynamic-performance servo motor has the advantages of high precision and high dynamic performance.
3. The invention has good interchangeability, uniform stress and compact structure of the whole structure through the integrally symmetrical design. High assembly efficiency and low maintenance requirement of parts. Small volume, small deformation, large rigidity, high reliability and long service life, and can be suitable for working conditions with larger load.
4. The invention reduces the overturning moment caused by radial load through the motor connecting shaft supported by the crossed roller shaft collar and the shaft collar seat, namely reduces the deformation of the structure, obtains stable rotary motion and improves the rigidity and the rotary precision of the structure.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the linear motion shaft transmission system provided by the invention comprises a W-shaft box 1, a motion shaft assembly, a linear driving assembly, a linear guide rail 13 and a sliding block 17.
The motion shaft assembly comprises a main shaft box 16 and an electric main shaft 15, wherein the electric main shaft 15 is coaxially arranged in the main shaft box 16. The motion shaft assembly and the linear driving assembly are arranged in the W shaft box body 1 in a linear mode, in particular, the main shaft box body 16 and the linear driving assembly are arranged in a linear mode, the structure of the linear driving assembly is symmetrically arranged by taking the central axis of the main shaft box body 16 as a symmetrical axis, the action point of the linear driving assembly and the main shaft box body 16 is located at the central axis of the main shaft box body 16, the linear driving assembly drives the main shaft box body 16 to reciprocate along the axis of the main shaft box body 16, and therefore the force applied to the main shaft box body 16 by the linear driving assembly can be ensured to be stable and reliable.
The linear drive assembly comprises a torque motor 7, a screw nut 4, a ball screw 5 and a motor connecting shaft 8.
Specifically, the ball screw 5, the torque motor 7, the electric spindle 15 and the spindle box 16 are all arranged in the W axle box 1, the torque motor 7, the ball screw 5 and the spindle box 16 are arranged in a linear shape in the W axle box 1, and central axes of the torque motor 7, the ball screw 5, the electric spindle 15 and the spindle box 16 are collinear. The main shaft box body and the 16 shafts are arranged in the W shaft box body 1, the main shaft box body 16 is symmetrically arranged by taking the central axis of the main shaft box body as the symmetrical axis, and the electric main shaft 15 is symmetrically arranged by taking the central axis of the main shaft box body as the symmetrical axis. By the symmetrically arranged main spindle box 16 and electric main spindle 15, the compactness of installation in the W axle box 1 during movement can be further improved.
More specifically, a torque motor 7 is fixedly arranged in the middle of one end of the W axle box body 1, a screw nut 4 is arranged at an output port of the torque motor 7, the torque motor 7 drives the screw nut 4 to rotate, one end thread of a ball screw 5 coaxially penetrates through the screw nut 4, and one end of the ball screw 5 coaxially penetrates through the output port of the torque motor 7. The other end of the ball screw 5 is fixedly connected with a main shaft box 16, one end of the main shaft box 16 far away from the ball screw 5 extends out of the W axle box 1, and an electric main shaft 15 is coaxially arranged in the main shaft box 16.
The torque motor 7 drives the screw nut 4 to rotate, so that the ball screw 5 is driven to reciprocate along the axial direction of the electric spindle 15, the spindle box 16 is driven to reciprocate along the axial direction of the electric spindle 15, and the electric spindle 15 is driven to reciprocate along the axial direction. Through the driving mode of the torque motor 7 direct drive, the load is directly connected with the motor rotor, compared with the traditional servo motor matched with a speed reducer transmission mechanism, the mechanical transmission and mechanical friction are reduced, and the high-precision and high-dynamic performance advantages are achieved. By adopting the torque motor 7 and the ball screw 5, the high torque is converted into high thrust, and the reciprocating linear feed motion under the requirement of high thrust can be satisfied.
Further, the motor cabinet 6 is arranged in the W axle box body 1 and is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the W axle box body 1, and the torque motor 7 is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the motor cabinet 6. The motor base 6 includes a cylindrical motor mounting portion and a connecting bracket, and the central axis of the motor mounting portion is collinear with the central axis of the motorized spindle 15. The connecting bracket is fixedly connected with a group of connecting brackets at two opposite sides of the motor installation part respectively. During installation, two linking bridge all are connected with W axle box 1 through the bolt respectively, and the stator of torque motor 7 passes through the bolt-up and installs in motor installation department. The structure of motor cabinet 6 is the symmetric distribution with the central axis of torque motor 7, and is provided with the liquid cooling chamber in the motor cabinet 6, and the liquid cooling chamber intercommunication has the external pipeline.
By integrating the liquid cooling cavity in the motor base 6, no additional water cooling structure is needed, and the installation space and cost are reduced. Note that the motor mount 6 and the end of the W-shaft housing 1 are formed with a space enough for the ball screw 5 to reciprocate.
The rotor of the torque motor 7 is fixedly connected with a motor connecting shaft 8, the central axis of the motor connecting shaft 8 is collinear with the central axis of the torque motor 7, and the screw nut 4 is fixedly connected with one end of the motor connecting shaft 8 far away from the main shaft box 16. The ball screw 5 coaxially passes through and is in moving engagement with the motor connecting shaft 8, and the ball screw 5 can move in the axial direction of the motor connecting shaft 8. One end of the screw nut 4, which passes through the motor connecting shaft 8, is in threaded fit rotation with the ball screw 5, and the rotary motion of the screw nut 4 is converted into linear motion of the ball screw 5.
The motor connecting shaft 8 is provided with a cross roller collar 10 and a collar seat 11 on a side close to the main spindle box 16. The central axis of the collar seat 11 is collinear with the central axis of the motor connecting shaft 8, the collar seat 11 is fixedly connected with the W axle box body 1, the outer ring of the cross roller collar 10 is fixedly connected with the collar seat 11, and the inner ring of the cross roller collar 10 is connected with the motor connecting shaft 8.
One end of the ball screw 5, which is far away from the screw nut 4, is fixedly connected with a screw connecting seat 14 through a lock nut 9, the screw connecting seat 14 is positioned on one side of the shaft collar seat 11, which is far away from the torque motor 7, and the screw connecting seat 14 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the spindle box 16. The screw connecting seat 14 is gradually extended and enlarged from the connection part of the screw connecting seat and the ball screw 5 to the direction away from the ball screw 5. So that the force of the screw connection seat 14 acting on the spindle box 16 is more uniform.
The motor connecting shaft 8 and the screw nut 4 convert the rotation of the screw nut 4 into linear motion of the ball screw 5 along with the rotation of the torque motor 7, and the ball screw 5 pushes the spindle box 16 to reciprocate along the axis of the motorized spindle 15 through the screw connecting seat 14. The motor connecting shaft 8 is supported by the cross roller collar 10 and the collar seat 11, so that the overturning moment caused by radial load is reduced, namely, the deformation of the structure is reduced, stable rotation movement is obtained, and the rigidity and the rotation precision of the structure are improved.
Further, the flange on the electric spindle 15 is connected with the end face of the spindle box 16 through screws.
In one possible embodiment of the present application, the outer sidewall of the main spindle box 16 is provided with a linear guide rail 13, and the length direction of the linear guide rail 13 is in the same direction as the movement direction of the main spindle box 16. The inner wall of the W axle box body 1 is provided with a sliding block 17, and the sliding block 17 is corresponding to the linear guide rail 13 and is in sliding fit. Thereby improving the stability of the reciprocating motion of the main spindle box 16. Four groups of linear guide rails 13 are symmetrically arranged on the periphery of the outer wall of the main shaft box 16 at equal intervals. The whole structure is symmetrical in layout, uniform in stress, high in rigidity and small in deformation. The linear guide rail 13 has a plurality of sliders 17 corresponding to each other, and the sliders 17 are disposed at equal intervals along the movement direction of the spindle box 16.
Another possible embodiment is that the linear guide 13 is arranged on the inner wall of the W-axle housing 1 and the slide 17 is arranged on the outer side wall of the spindle housing 16. Other arrangements are the same as the above embodiments, but only the exchange of the positions of the linear guide 13 and the slider 17 is still within the scope of the present application.
The outer side wall of the spindle box 16 is also provided with a pressing block 25, and the pressing block 25 limits the linear guide rail 13. The pressing block 25 is tightly pressed against the linear guide rail 13 and the linear guide rail 13 is close to the mountain surface, so that the influence on the precision caused by the deviation of the linear guide rail 13 from the original position due to the vibration and the impact of the W axis is avoided.
An anti-collision block 23 is arranged on the outer wall of the main shaft box body 16, hard limit 22 is arranged at two ends of the W axle box body 1 respectively, the anti-collision block 23 moves along with the main shaft box body 16, and the anti-collision block 23 and the hard limit 22 cooperate to limit the movement range of the main shaft box body 16. The mechanical limiting structure plays a role in protection.
The W-axle box is characterized by further comprising a guide rail lock 12, wherein an adapter plate 21 is connected between the guide rail lock 12 and the W-axle box body 1, the guide rail lock 12 acts on a guide rail, and the guide rail lock 12 is in signal connection with a normally closed electromagnetic valve. The normally closed electromagnetic valve can quickly respond to start the guide rail lock 12 when the power is off, so that the instant band-type brake function is realized.
The end of the W axle box body 1 extending out of the main axle box body 16 is provided with a movable sealing component. The movable sealing assembly comprises a sealing gasket 18, a waterproof plate 19 and a special sealing ring 20, wherein the sealing gasket 18 is arranged between the waterproof plate 19 and the W axle box body 1, the special sealing ring 20 is embedded on the waterproof plate 19, and the special sealing ring 20 is in line contact with the spindle box body 16. The waterproof board 19 forms a first protection in the working process, blocks a large amount of cutting fluid and cutting scraps, the tecan circle 20 forms a second protection, blocks a small amount of cutting fluid and cutting scraps, and the tecan circle 20 achieves moving sealing and simultaneously reduces friction with moving components.
The linear grating 24 is arranged in the middle of the linear guide rail 13 in the axial direction, and the linear grating 24 is fixedly arranged on the spindle box 16 to perform position feedback and error compensation in real time. Because of the modification of the electric debugging parameters and the increase of mechanical errors, the positions required by the command of the electric spindle 15 and the numerical control system are quite different, the linear grating 24 detects whether the actual displacement of the linear shaft of the electric spindle 15 is consistent with the command sent by the numerical control system, and the feeding errors are observed and tracked, if the linear shaft of the electric spindle 15 does not reach the accurate position due to the reasons of machinery and the like, the linear grating 24 is used as a position detection element to send the command to the numerical control system, so that the linear shaft of the electric spindle 15 can reach the relatively accurate position until the resolution of the linear grating 24 is not resolved, the function of compensating the movement errors of a cutter is achieved, and the feeding precision of the electric spindle 15 is ensured.
The W axle box body 1 is further provided with the box body cover plate 2 and the box body rear cover 3, so that convenience in installation and maintenance can be provided on one hand, and on the other hand, a protection effect can be achieved, and dust, iron shaving and the like are prevented from entering the W axle box body 1.
It should be noted that the application has good interchangeability, uniform stress and compact structure of the whole structure through the integrally symmetrical design. High assembly efficiency and low maintenance requirement of parts. Small volume, small deformation, large rigidity, high reliability and long service life, and can be suitable for working conditions with larger load.
According to the double-swinging-head structure, the compact layout structure of the linear motion shaft is adopted, and the double-swinging-head structure further comprises an A shaft component and a B shaft component, wherein the A shaft component is connected with the B shaft component and drives the B shaft component to rotate, and the B shaft component is connected with the W shaft box body 1 and drives the W shaft box body to swing.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention provides a system and its individual devices, modules, units, etc. that can be implemented entirely by logic programming of method steps, in addition to being implemented as pure computer readable program code, in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers, etc. Therefore, the system and the devices, modules and units thereof provided by the invention can be regarded as a hardware component, and the devices, modules and units for realizing various functions included in the system can be regarded as structures in the hardware component, and the devices, modules and units for realizing various functions can be regarded as structures in the hardware component as well as software modules for realizing the method.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without affecting the spirit of the application. The embodiments of the application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.