CN115606440A - Citrus insect ecological control method based on predatory mites - Google Patents
Citrus insect ecological control method based on predatory mites Download PDFInfo
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- CN115606440A CN115606440A CN202211253935.1A CN202211253935A CN115606440A CN 115606440 A CN115606440 A CN 115606440A CN 202211253935 A CN202211253935 A CN 202211253935A CN 115606440 A CN115606440 A CN 115606440A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an orange pest ecological control method based on predatory mites, and relates to the technical field of agricultural pest control. The insect prevention method mainly comprises predatory mites which are one of phytoseiid persiiid mites, amblyseius delekii dersonii and blind western migratory mites, and pesticide resistance experiments are carried out on the predatory mites. The insect prevention method takes predatory mites as a main part and pesticide spraying and grass growing as auxiliary parts, avoids the pollution to the ecological environment caused by spraying pesticide aiming at the red spiders, simultaneously sprays pesticide aiming at other pests to oranges, has small influence on the predatory mites because the predatory mites pass through the pesticide resistance experiment of the pesticide, can still play a role in preventing and controlling the red spiders after the pesticide is sprayed, simultaneously provides a breeding area for the predatory mites by growing grass growing, and ensures the reliability of the method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural pest control, in particular to an ecological citrus pest control method based on predatory mites.
Background
Predatory mite is a parasitic beneficial mite with spider mite, tick and other plant spider mite as main food, and Mandarin orange is Rutaceae, citrus.
The red spiders mainly damage citrus leaves, branches and tips and fruits, the damaged leaves and fruits become grey white when serious, the red spiders lose luster and fall off until withered and yellow, the peak periods of 4-6 months and 9-11 months occur, the red spiders in partial areas are removed by pesticides, a large amount of chemical pesticides are repeatedly used for a long time, ecological environment pollution is caused, pesticide residues on citrus directly or indirectly damage human health, meanwhile, the drug resistance of the red spiders is more and more prominent, meanwhile, citrus pests are not only red spiders, and other species of pests also use pesticides, so that the ecological control method for the citrus pests based on predatory mites is invented.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ecological citrus pest control method based on predatory mites, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the orange pest ecological control method based on predatory mites mainly comprises the steps of spraying pesticides and cultivating grassiness as auxiliary pest control methods, wherein the predatory mites are one of small phytoseiid Chile mites, amblyseius dezekii and Western blind mites, the predatory mites are subjected to a drug resistance experiment, the predatory mites subjected to the drug resistance experiment are cultivated in an artificial greenhouse, the pesticides comprise pyriproxyfen and a compound solution, the raw grass cultivation and planting plants comprise one or more of white clover, mouse cogongrass and ryegrass, the predatory mites are cultivated in the artificial greenhouse, the compound solution is a mixed solution of imidacloprid and deltamethrin, and the pesticides can control pests which the predatory mites cannot control.
Further, the drug resistance test procedure is as follows: the experiments are divided into two groups, the pesticides used in the two groups of experiments are different,
the first step is as follows: taking 300-500 predatory mites;
the second step is that: taking pyriproxyfen and the compound solution from the pesticide respectively, and carrying out a drug resistance experiment on predatory mites;
the third step: breeding predatory mites surviving the drug resistance experiment in an artificial greenhouse, so that the number of the predatory mites is increased;
the fourth step: carrying out the processes from the first step to the third step again after the drug resistance experiment;
the fifth step: mixing the predatory mites two by two after the fourth step in the two groups of experiments, carrying out mixed propagation, and propagating for 3-5 generations;
and a sixth step: respectively using two groups of pesticides used in the experiment to sequentially perform a drug resistance experiment on the predatory mites in the fifth step;
the seventh step: and (5) cultivating the predatory mites surviving the resistance test in the sixth step in the artificial greenhouse, so that the number of the predatory mites is increased.
Further, the fourth step may be repeated according to actual conditions, and the sixth step may be repeated according to actual conditions.
Furthermore, the drug resistance experiments can be divided into a plurality of groups according to actual requirements, each group uses different pesticides respectively, and the grouping number of the drug resistance experiments is positively correlated with the propagation generation number in the fifth step.
Further, the beginning of late 2 months predatory mites were placed on the ground around the citrus fruit.
Furthermore, after the citrus is sprayed with one of the pyriproxyfen and the compound solution, the predatory mites subjected to the drug resistance test of the pyriproxyfen or the compound solution can be released, and after the pesticides of the pyriproxyfen and the compound solution are sprayed successively, the predatory mites subjected to the drug resistance test of the two pesticides can be released.
Furthermore, the concentration of the pyriproxyfen solution is 5-10mg/ml, and the concentration of the compound solution is 1.0-2.5mg/ml of imidacloprid and 0.5-1.0mg/ml of deltamethrin.
It is characterized in that; the release time of the predatory mites; beginning to release predatory mites in late 2 months, releasing a large amount of predatory mites in 3-5 months, releasing a large amount of predatory mites in 6-11 months, releasing the predatory mites in each month, and releasing a small amount of predatory mites in 12-2 months.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the orange pest ecological control method based on predatory mites is an insect prevention method which takes predatory mites as a main part and takes pesticide spraying and raw grass cultivation as auxiliary parts, ecological environment pollution caused by spraying of pesticides for red spiders is avoided, meanwhile, pesticides for other pests are sprayed on oranges, as the predatory mites pass through a pesticide resistance experiment of the pesticides, the pesticides have small influence on the predatory mites, after the pesticides are sprayed, the predatory mites still can play a role in preventing and controlling the red spiders, meanwhile, the raw grass cultivation provides a breeding area for the predatory mites, and the reliability of the method is ensured.
This orange pest ecological control method based on predatory mite, the experiment is carried out through grouping to the drug resistance experiment, mix the setting of breeding at last, make predatory mite obtain a certain drug resistance through grouping, through mixing the reproduction, make predatory mite can obtain the drug resistance of pyriproxyfen and compound solution, through the experiment of drug resistance once more at last, select the predatory mite that can have the drug resistance to pyriproxyfen and compound solution, make and spray pyriproxyfen or compound solution to the oranges and tangerines again, this kind of predatory mite is less to red spider's prevention and cure influence, the practicality of this method has been improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the drug resistance test of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Further, it will be appreciated that the dimensions of the various elements shown in the figures are not drawn to scale, for ease of description, e.g., the thickness or width of some layers may be exaggerated relative to other layers.
It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined or illustrated in one figure, it will not need to be further discussed or illustrated in detail in the description of the following figure.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: an ecological control method for citrus pests based on predatory mites comprises the steps of taking predatory mites as a main part, and taking pesticide spraying and raw grass cultivation as auxiliary pest control methods, wherein the predatory mites are one of small phytoseiid Chilean mites, amblyseius delemar de and Western blind acarus, the predatory mites are subjected to a drug resistance experiment, the predatory mites subjected to the drug resistance experiment are cultivated in an artificial greenhouse, the pesticides comprise pyriproxyfen and a compound solution, the raw grass cultivation and planting plants comprise one or more of white clover, mouse cogongrass and ryegrass, the predatory mites are cultivated in an artificial greenhouse, the compound solution is a mixed solution of imidacloprid and deltamethrin, and the pesticides can control pests which the predatory mites cannot control.
The drug resistance test procedure is as follows: the experiments are divided into two groups, the pesticides used in the two groups of experiments are different,
the first step is as follows: taking 300-500 predacious mites;
the second step: respectively taking pyriproxyfen and the compound solution from the pesticide, and carrying out a drug resistance experiment on predatory mites;
the third step: breeding predatory mites surviving from a drug resistance experiment in an artificial greenhouse, so that the number of the predatory mites is increased;
the fourth step: carrying out the first step to the third step again after the drug resistance experiment;
the fifth step: mixing the predatory mites two by two after the fourth step in the two groups of experiments, and performing mixed propagation for 3-5 generations;
and a sixth step: respectively using two groups of pesticides used in the experiment to sequentially perform a drug resistance experiment on the predatory mites in the fifth step;
the seventh step: and (5) breeding the predatory mites surviving the resistance experiment in the sixth step in the artificial greenhouse, so that the number of the predatory mites is increased.
The fourth step can be repeatedly carried out according to the actual condition, and the sixth step can be repeatedly carried out according to the actual condition.
The drug resistance experiments can be divided into a plurality of groups according to actual requirements, each group uses different pesticides respectively, and the grouping number of the drug resistance experiments is positively correlated with the propagation algebra in the fifth step.
Predatory mites began to be placed in late 2 months, and were placed on the ground around the citrus fruits.
After the citrus is sprayed with one of the pyriproxyfen and the compound solution, predatory mites subjected to a drug resistance test of the pyriproxyfen or the compound solution can be released, and after the pesticides of the pyriproxyfen and the compound solution are sprayed in sequence, the predatory mites subjected to the drug resistance test of the two pesticides can be released.
The concentration of the pyriproxyfen solution is 5-10mg/ml, the concentration of the compound solution is 1.0-2.5mg/ml of imidacloprid and 0.5-1.0mg/ml of deltamethrin.
It is characterized in that; the release time of predatory mites; beginning to release predatory mites in late 2 months, releasing a large amount of predatory mites in 3-5 months, releasing the predatory mites in 6-10 months, releasing the predatory mites in each month, and releasing a small amount of the predatory mites in 11-2 months.
The red spiders lay eggs about 100 times every year, hatch after one month, overwinter with the eggs, the overwinter eggs generally hatch at the beginning of 3 months, the mites such as the red spiders are controlled by predatory mites, the predatory mites can eat not only adults but also worm eggs, so the predatory mites begin to be released in the late ten days of 2 months, the red spiders all hatch at the beginning of 4 months, the 1-3 generations after overwinter breed as pests on the ground weeds, and the predatory mites begin to be released to the ground and the ground around the oranges at the beginning of 3 months.
In the early 10 th month of the red spider, the red spider begins to enter the wintering period, the red spider mainly overwinter in cracks of plant branches and stems, fallen leaves, soil gaps of shallow soil layers around roots and the like by eggs or fertilized female adult mites, and a small amount of predatory mites are released in the early 10 th month and in the early 2 th month.
Most of red spiders belong to high-temperature active types, the development period, the propagation speed and the yield of each insect state of the red spiders are determined by the temperature, and the red spiders are usually caused by drought and hot weather conditions, so that the red spiders are timely prevented and treated before the high-temperature drought season comes, and more predatory mites are required to be released before the red spiders enter summer.
Predatory mite foods mainly comprise harmful mites such as spider mites.
When a crop is intensively planted in a large area, an adequate food source is provided for pest mites, and natural enemies of the pest mites lack supplementary food and live through winter and summer, so that biodiversity is simplified, and the pest mites lose control of the natural enemies and erupt.
The planting distance of the oranges is generally 2 meters, the row distance is generally 3 meters, the distance between the oranges can realize grass-growing cultivation, the grass-growing cultivation refers to sowing leguminous or gramineous plants among rows in an orchard, regularly cutting the leguminous or gramineous plants, covering tree trays with cut stems, and naturally rotting and decomposing the trees, so that the soil structure is improved, the soil fertility is improved, and the cultivation mode of the microclimate in the orchard is improved, the grass-growing cultivation provides green manure for fruit trees, the soil fertility is improved, the soil structure (granule structure) is improved, the microclimate in the orchard is adjusted, the soil microenvironment is improved, the fruit development is promoted, the yield is improved, the quality is improved, the labor is saved, the production cost is reduced, the temperature and the humidity can be reduced, the temperature can be reduced by 3-5 ℃, the humidity is increased by 5-1O, the method has the advantages that the method has an inhibiting effect on red spiders and tick mites which are fond of high temperature and drought, and the grass cultivation provides supplementary food and a transitional host for predatory mites, so that the predatory mites and natural enemies of other red spiders can live in the grass mite, and the comprehensive control effect on plant diseases and insect pests is achieved.
The grass can be planted with white clover, common fescue and ryegrass, which can provide abundant pollen as food and good habitat for predatory mites, increase the number of beneficial mites in the garden, and reduce the harm of red spiders to a certain extent. The white clover is a perennial bean plant, has strong nitrogen fixation capacity, shallow root system, trampling resistance, shading resistance and high fertilizer efficiency, and does not compete with fruit trees for fertilizer; the strong adaptability of the common fescue and moderate yield can inhibit the growth of weeds, natural germination and growth, natural withering,
the predatory mites can only control harmful mites such as red spiders and ticks and have no effect on other pests such as aphids and scale insects, so that pesticide resistant experiments are carried out on the predatory mites by using pesticides which can effectively control the other pests such as the aphids and the scale insects, the surviving predatory mites are bred, the predatory mites with the pesticide resistance are increased, and the pesticide resistant experiments at least use two different pesticides for experiments.
The method comprises the steps of spraying a compound solution on the citrus, wherein after the pesticide-resistant mites are sprayed, the number of the predatory mites is reduced but not too much, so that the control capability of the predatory mites on red spiders, rust lice and other harmful mites is not lost too much, and at the moment, the predatory mites subjected to the pesticide resistance test of the compound solution can be released to the citrus to supplement the lost number of the predatory mites.
The predatory mites are used, have no pesticide residue, do not pollute the environment and are safe to people and livestock; and the use is convenient and labor-saving.
The insect prevention method mainly comprises predatory mites, pesticide spraying and raw grass cultivation are assisted, ecological environment pollution caused by spraying of pesticides for red spiders is avoided, pesticides for other pests are sprayed on oranges, the predatory mites have small influence on the predatory mites through pesticide resistance experiments of the pesticides, after the pesticides are sprayed, the predatory mites still can play a role in controlling the red spiders, meanwhile, the raw grass cultivation provides a breeding area for the predatory mites, the reliability of the method is guaranteed, the pesticide resistance experiments are carried out in groups, finally, mixed breeding is carried out, the predatory mites can obtain certain pesticide resistance through the groups, the predatory mites can obtain the pesticide resistance of the pyriproxyfen and the compound solution through mixed breeding, finally, the predatory mites which can have the pesticide resistance to the pyriproxyfen and the compound solution are screened out through the second pesticide resistance experiments, the pyriproxyfen or the orange solution is sprayed, the influence of the predatory mites on the red spiders is small, and the practicability of the method is improved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. An orange pest ecological control method based on predatory mites is characterized by comprising the following steps: the insect prevention method mainly comprises the steps of spraying pesticide and cultivating grasses to assist insect prevention, wherein the predatory mites are selected from small phytoseiid Chile mites, amblyseius delemar De's and Western blind mites, the predatory mites are subjected to a drug resistance experiment, the predatory mites subjected to the drug resistance experiment are cultivated in an artificial greenhouse, the pesticide comprises pyriproxyfen and a compound solution, the plants cultivated and planted in the grasses comprise one or more of white clover, cogongrass and ryegrass, the predatory mites are cultivated in the artificial greenhouse, the compound solution is a mixed solution of imidacloprid and deltamethrin, and the pesticide can prevent and control pests which cannot be controlled by the predatory mites.
2. The method of claim 1 for the ecological control of citrus pests based on predatory mites, characterized by: the drug resistance test steps are as follows: the experiments are divided into two groups, the pesticides used in the two groups of experiments are different,
the first step is as follows: taking 300-500 predacious mites;
the second step: respectively taking pyriproxyfen and the compound solution from the pesticide, and carrying out a drug resistance experiment on predatory mites;
the third step: breeding predatory mites surviving the drug resistance experiment in an artificial greenhouse, so that the number of the predatory mites is increased;
the fourth step: carrying out the first step to the third step again after the drug resistance experiment;
the fifth step: mixing the predatory mites two by two after the fourth step in the two groups of experiments, carrying out mixed propagation, and propagating for 3-5 generations;
and a sixth step: respectively using two groups of pesticides used in the experiment to sequentially perform a drug resistance experiment on the predatory mites in the fifth step;
the seventh step: and (5) cultivating the predatory mites surviving the resistance test in the sixth step in the artificial greenhouse, so that the number of the predatory mites is increased.
3. The method of claim 2 for the ecological control of citrus pests based on predatory mites, characterized by: the fourth step can be repeatedly performed according to the actual situation, and the sixth step can be repeatedly performed according to the actual situation.
4. The method of claim 1 for the ecological predatory mite-based control of citrus pests, wherein: the drug resistance experiments can be divided into a plurality of groups according to actual requirements, each group uses different pesticides respectively, and the grouping number of the drug resistance experiments is positively correlated with the propagation algebra in the fifth step.
5. The method of claim 1 for the ecological control of citrus pests based on predatory mites, characterized by: beginning in late 2 months, predatory mites are placed on the ground around the citrus fruits.
6. The method of claim 1 for the ecological control of citrus pests based on predatory mites, characterized by: after the citrus is sprayed with one of the pyriproxyfen and the compound solution, predatory mites subjected to a drug resistance experiment of the pyriproxyfen or the compound solution can be released, and after pesticides of the pyriproxyfen and the compound solution are sprayed successively, the predatory mites subjected to the drug resistance experiment of the two pesticides can be released.
7. The method of claim 1 for the ecological control of citrus pests based on predatory mites, characterized by: the concentration of the pyriproxyfen solution is 5-10mg/ml, the concentration of the compound solution is 1.0-2.5mg/ml imidacloprid and 0.5-1.0mg/ml deltamethrin.
8. The method of claim 1 for the ecological control of citrus pests based on predatory mites; the release time of the predatory mites; beginning to release predatory mites in late 2 months, releasing a large amount of predatory mites in 3-5 months, releasing a large amount of predatory mites in 6-10 months, releasing the predatory mites in each month, and releasing a small amount of predatory mites in 11-2 months.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102812874A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2012-12-12 | 曹诗红 | Green control method of citrus diseases and insects |
| CN104322328A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-02-04 | 广东省昆虫研究所 | Orange pest ecological control method using predatory mites as basis |
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- 2022-10-13 CN CN202211253935.1A patent/CN115606440A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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