CN115585220A - A tuned mass damper with omnidirectional control for wind turbines - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an omnidirectional control tuning mass damper for wind turbines, which includes a mass block, at least two elastic parts, an eddy current damping device, and a ball device. One end surface of the mass block is provided with a draw bar, and each One end of one elastic member is connected to the draw bar, the other end of each elastic member is connected to the upper platform of the wind tower, the elastic members are evenly arranged along the circumference of the draw bar, and the mass The ball device and the eddy current damping device are provided on the end surface of the block opposite to the draw bar, and the ball device and the eddy current damping device are configured to dissipate the vibration energy of the mass block. The invention can realize the omnidirectional control of the excitation incident on the tower tube from any direction, improve the vibration control ability of the damper under random wind and sea wave loads, and ensure the structural stability and reliability.

Description

A tuned mass damper with omnidirectional control for wind turbines

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power, in particular to an omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines.

Background technique

A tuned mass damper (TMD) is a device built into a structure to reduce the structural vibration of the structure under external excitation. Its working principle is similar to that of a dynamic vibration absorber. A tuned mass damper is composed of mass blocks, springs and dampers. Combined with the modal characteristics of the structure to be damped, through the design of the damper configuration and various characteristic parameters, a better vibration damping effect can be achieved, and it has been widely used in high-rise buildings, bridges and other building structures.

As one of the important structural components of wind turbines, the wind turbine tower has a towering and slender structure that makes the effect of environmental loads on the tower more significant. By installing a tuned mass damper on the wind turbine tower, the tower structure can be effectively controlled. vibration level. However, the internal space of the wind turbine is very limited, and the first-order natural frequency of the tower is usually relatively low. If the first-order vibration shape needs to be controlled, the total weight and swing of the mass block will be highly required. Therefore, the traditional The pendulum tuned mass damper is no longer suitable for the vibration control of the wind turbine tower due to the influence of volume and layout space. It is necessary to provide a damping device that is more suitable for the narrow space of the wind turbine tower. In addition, most of the existing wind turbine tuned mass dampers set guide rails to decompose the force on the vibrator to the orthogonal track to realize the movement on the track. Usually, the excitation load on the wind turbine tower is arbitrary. This design This will reduce the damper's control of the fan under excitation loads in non-orthogonal directions. Therefore, it is of great significance to provide a tuned mass damper with high damping efficiency suitable for wind turbines according to the structural characteristics of the wind turbine tower.

In the prior art, the Chinese invention patent with the publication number CN113802712A discloses a single-degree-of-freedom eddy current tuning mass damper and damping system for wind power. The damper includes a mass block, an eddy current conductor plate, and a linear guide rail. The linear guide rails of the two dampers are arranged orthogonally, which can damp the vibration in both directions of the horizontal plane of the wind power generation tower, and by arranging the two dampers vertically at intervals, the installation space can be saved. However, the mass block of the above-mentioned damper can only move on the specified orthogonal slide rail. When the tower is subjected to the excitation load in the orthogonal direction, the load on the mass block needs to be decomposed into two directions of the guide rail, thus reducing the The vibration reduction efficiency of the damper is reduced, and omnidirectional control cannot be realized, and the installation of two sets of damping systems also increases the manufacturing cost of the damper.

Therefore, those skilled in the art are committed to providing an omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines, which is suitable for the narrow space inside the wind turbine tower, has omnidirectional control capability, and improves the stability of the wind turbine tower.

Contents of the invention

In view of the defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to provide an omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for improving the stability of the wind turbine tower.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines, including a mass block, at least 2 elastic members, an eddy current damping device, and a ball device, and one end surface of the mass block is set There is a draw bar, one end of each elastic member is connected to the draw bar, the other end of each elastic member is connected to the upper platform of the wind tower, and the elastic members are uniform along the circumference of the draw bar It is set that the ball device and the eddy current damping device are provided on the end surface of the mass block opposite to the draw bar, and the ball device and the eddy current damping device are configured to vibrate the mass block energy dissipation.

Preferably, the mass block includes several steel mass sheets, the steel mass sheets are stacked, and the steel mass sheets are fastened by screws.

Further, the eddy current device includes a magnetic steel and a damping plate, the magnetic steel is fixed on the end face of the mass block relative to the drawbar through a magnetic isolation steel plate, and the damping plate is relatively opposite to the magnetic steel A gap is maintained with the magnetic steel along a direction away from the mass block.

Preferably, the damping plate is an alloy plate with electrical conductivity.

Further, the ball device includes an upper channel, a ball, and a lower channel, the upper channel is fixed on the end surface of the mass block relative to the draw bar, and the lower channel is fixed on the On the damping plate, the center of the upper channel is aligned with the center of the lower channel, the ball is placed in the lower channel, and the ball is also in sliding contact with the upper channel.

Further, the inner side of the lower channel has a slope inclined toward the center of the lower channel.

Preferably, an annular stopper is provided on the upper surface of the lower channel, and the material of the stopper is rubber.

Preferably, the magnetic steel is located at the center of the end face of the mass block, and the upper channel is uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the end face of the mass block.

Preferably, a mounting bracket is also included, the mounting bracket includes several supporting columns and ring ribs, the supporting columns are set in one-to-one correspondence with the elastic member, the supporting columns are connected by ring ribs, and the supporting columns configured to change the direction of the elastic member.

Further, the elastic member includes a first steel wire rope, a spring, and a second steel wire rope, and a pulley is provided on the support column, and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the first steel wire rope and the second steel wire rope, and the first steel wire rope is connected to the second steel wire rope. A wire rope is connected to the upper platform of the fan tower, the second wire rope is connected to the drawbar, and the first wire rope or the second wire rope passes around the pulley.

The present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

1. The omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines provided by the present invention can realize the omnidirectional control of the tower tube being excited and incident in any direction, thereby improving the vibration control of the damper under random wind and sea wave loads ability to ensure structural stability and reliability.

2. The omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines provided by the present invention, by setting the ball device, when the tower undergoes a dynamic response, the mass block can slide in all directions, which improves the vibration reduction efficiency of the damper .

3. In the omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines provided by the present invention, the springs can be arranged horizontally or vertically, fully adapting to the narrow space inside the wind turbine; the brackets are all detachable structures, which facilitate the installation and replacement of the damper.

The idea, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a top view of the omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the mass structure of the omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines according to the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an eddy current damping device for an omnidirectional control tuned mass damper of a wind turbine according to the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a mounting bracket for an omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for a wind turbine according to the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a support column of an omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for a wind turbine according to the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the equivalent stiffness of the elastic member of the omnidirectional control tuned mass damper used in the wind turbine according to the present invention.

In the figure, 1-tower upper platform, 2-tower wall, 3-tower damper installation platform, 4-first steel wire rope, 5-spring, 6-second steel wire rope, 7-fixed pulley, 8-mass block, 9-ball device, 10-eddy current damping device, 11-installation bracket, 12-drawing rod, 13-eye screw, 14-mass piece, 15-fastening screw, 16-upper channel, 17-lower channel, 18-ball, 19-magnetic isolation steel plate, 20-magnetic steel, 21-damping plate, 22-circular rib, 23-support column, 24-rib plate, 25-first screw, 26-second screw.

detailed description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are introduced below to make the technical contents clearer and easier to understand. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms of embodiments, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned herein.

In the drawings, components with the same structure are denoted by the same numerals, and components with similar structures or functions are denoted by similar numerals. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are shown arbitrarily, and the present invention does not limit the size and thickness of each component. In order to make the illustration clearer, the thickness of parts is appropriately exaggerated in some places in the drawings.

The invention provides an omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines, which is installed inside the wind turbine tower and used to control but not limited to the first-order structural vibration of the tower. When the wind turbine tower is subjected to actual wind load or sea wave load When functioning, the fan tower undergoes a dynamic response, and then shifts to the equilibrium position to vibrate. At this time, the mass block in the damper of the present invention will move with the tower, and will move relative to the tower in the channel through the ball device. , during the movement of the mass block, the mass block deviates from the equilibrium position, and each elastic member will deform, and provide the elastic force for the mass block together. Movement, eddy currents can be generated in the damping plate and provide damping force for the mass block. When the weight of the mass block, the elastic force and the damping force reach the optimal control parameters, and the natural frequency of the damper is consistent with the first-order vibration frequency of the tower, it can be Realize the first-order vibration control of the fan tower structure.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines in this embodiment includes a mass block 8 , an elastic member, an eddy current damping device 10 , and a ball device 9 . One end of the elastic member is connected to the upper end surface of the mass block 8, and the other end of the elastic member is connected to the upper platform 1 of the tower tube. The eddy current damping device 10 and the ball device 9 are arranged at the bottom of the mass block 8. The mass block 8 provides damping force, the elastic member provides elastic force for the mass block 8 and the fan tower, and the mass block 8 is supported by the ball device 9 to realize the relative movement of the mass block 8 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the mass block 8 is composed of a plurality of mass sheets 14 superimposed on each other, and is in the shape of a cylinder as a whole, and its cross-section is consistent with that of the fan tower to improve space utilization. The mass sheet 14 is made of high-carbon steel plate or other high-density alloys, so as to ensure that the mass block 8 has a large mass while having a small volume, saving the arrangement space of the damper. There is no relative movement between the mass sheets 14, and the mass sheets 14 are fastened and connected by fastening screws 15. The quantity of the mass sheets 14 can be adjusted according to actual needs to adjust the quality of the mass block 8. The upper surface of the mass block 8 is provided with a drawbar 12, and the circumferential direction of the drawbar 12 is provided with eyebolts 13, through which the link between the mass block 8 and the elastic member is realized.

As shown in Figure 1, the elastic member includes a first steel rope 4, a spring 5, and a second steel rope 6, and the two ends of the spring 5 are respectively connected with the first steel rope 4 and the second steel rope 6, and the other end of the second steel rope 6 is connected to the traction The eyebolt 13 on the rod 12, the other end of the first wire rope 4 is connected to the upper platform 1 of the tower tube.

The number of elastic parts is multiple, and the number of eyebolts 13 on the draw bar 12 is the same as the number of elastic parts, so that each elastic part is connected with the draw bar 12, and the elastic parts are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the draw bar 12 . As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, the number of elastic members is 6, and in the circumferential direction of the draw bar 12, the interval between two adjacent elastic members is 60°, and the parameters of the 6 elastic members are equal to same.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the eddy current damping device 10 includes a magnetic steel 20 and a damping plate 21, the bottom layer of the mass block 8 is a magnetic isolation steel plate 19, and the magnetic steel 20 is fixed on the lower surface of the magnetic isolation steel plate 19, and the damping plate 21 is located below the magnetic steel 20, and maintains a certain gap with the magnetic steel 20, and the damping plate 21 is fixed on the tower damper installation platform 3 by screws. By adjusting the gap between the magnetic steel 20 and the damping plate 21 , the damping force on the mass block 8 can be adjusted. The damping plate 21 is an alloy plate with electrical conductivity. When the magnet steel 20 moves relative to the mass block 8 and the damping plate 21, an induced eddy current will be generated in the damping plate 21, and the eddy current will interact with the original magnetic field to produce an obstacle to the magnetic steel. 20 and the damping force of the relative motion of the damping plate 21. At the same time, the electric energy generated by the damping plate 21 due to electromagnetic induction is converted into heat energy through the resistance of the damping plate 21 for dissipation, thereby effectively reducing the vibration speed and vibration displacement of the power generation tower.

The ball device 9 includes an upper channel 16, a lower channel 17, and a ball 18. The upper channel 16 is arranged on the lower surface of the mass block 8, and the lower channel 17 is arranged on the damping plate 21. The upper channel 16 and the lower channel 17 The center is aligned, and the ball 18 is placed in the lower channel 17 and can slide relative to the upper channel 16 , thereby realizing the omnidirectional movement of the mass block 8 in the upper channel 16 and the lower channel 17 under the action of the ball 18 . When the tower tube is excited in any direction, the omnidirectional movement of the mass block 8 under the action of the ball 18 controls the vibration omnidirectionally. The lower channel 17 is provided with a concave radian toward the center, so that the mass block 8 has a restoring force to move toward the center of the channel, ensuring that the mass block 8 returns to the equilibrium position after being excited; the radian of the lower channel 17 can be adjusted according to the Vibration control needs to be adjusted.

In this embodiment, the magnetic steel 20 is located at the center of the lower surface of the mass block 8 , and the upper channel 16 and the lower channel 17 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower surface of the mass block 8 . The upper surface of the lower channel 17 is provided with an annular limiting device, and the material of the annular limiting device is rubber. Magnetic steel 20 selects NdFeB permanent magnet material, and ball 18 selects high-strength alloy material, and the side that upper channel 16, lower channel 17 contacts with ball 18 keeps smooth, reduces the frictional force when ball 18 slides.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5 , this embodiment also includes a mounting bracket 11 , which is formed by connecting a plurality of support columns 23 and ring ribs 22 , and the mounting bracket 11 is located inside the tower wall 2 . The number of support columns 23 is the same as the number of elastic members, and the support columns 23 are fixed on the installation platform 3 of the tower damper through the second screws 26 . As shown in Figure 6, the upper end of the support column 23 is connected with the fixed pulley 7 through the first screw 25, and the first steel wire rope 4 or the second steel wire rope 6 of the elastic member walks around the fixed pulley 7, so that the elastic member presents two horizontal and vertical positions. section, and can make the spring 5 be horizontal or vertical.

In this embodiment, the ring rib 22 can be modified or added by the ring rib of the fan tower itself; the lower end of the support column 23 is provided with a rib 24 to improve the strength and structural stability of the support column 23 . Through screw connection, the mounting bracket 11 is a detachable structure, which facilitates the overall installation, disassembly and maintenance of the damper.

As shown in Figure 7, when 6 elastic parts are arranged on the mass block 8, the equivalent spring force on the damper is obtained. Uniform spring force, under the condition of no damping after calculation, after normalization of motion, within the range of 0.2 amplitude, the stiffness variation range does not exceed 10% of the design stiffness, the parameter variation is relatively stable, and the stiffness design in any direction can be realized.

The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes according to the concept of the present invention without creative efforts. Therefore, those skilled in the art can obtain the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art.

Claims (10)

1. An omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines, characterized in that it comprises a mass block, at least 2 elastic members, an eddy current damping device, and a ball device, and one end face of the mass block is provided with a drawbar , one end of each elastic member is connected to the drawbar, the other end of each elastic member is connected to the upper platform of the wind tower, and the elastic members are evenly arranged along the circumference of the drawbar, so The ball device and the eddy current damping device are provided on the end surface of the mass block opposite to the draw bar, and the ball device and the eddy current damping device are configured to dissipate the vibration energy of the mass block . 2. The omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines according to claim 1, wherein the mass block comprises several steel mass sheets, the steel mass sheets are stacked, and the steel mass The mass sheet is fastened by screws. 3. The omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines as claimed in claim 1, wherein the eddy current device comprises a magnetic steel and a damping plate, and the magnetic steel is fixed on the On the end face of the mass block relative to the traction rod, the damping plate maintains a gap with the magnet steel in a direction away from the mass block relative to the magnet steel. 4. The omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines according to claim 3, wherein the damping plate is an alloy plate with electrical conductivity. 5. The omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines according to claim 3, wherein the ball device includes an upper channel, a ball, and a lower channel, and the upper channel is fixed on the The mass block is opposite to the end face of the traction rod, the lower channel is fixed on the damping plate, the upper channel is aligned with the center of the lower channel, and the ball is placed in the lower channel In the track, the ball is also in sliding contact with the upper channel. 6 . The omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines according to claim 5 , wherein the inner side of the lower channel has a slope inclined toward the center of the lower channel. 7 . 7 . The omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines according to claim 5 , wherein the upper surface of the lower channel is provided with an annular limiting device, and the material of the limiting device is rubber. 8. The omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines according to claim 5, wherein the magnetic steel is located at the center of the end face of the mass block, and the upper channel is along the mass block The circumferential direction of the end face is uniformly set. 9. The omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a mounting bracket, the mounting bracket includes several supporting columns and ring ribs, the supporting columns and the The elastic members are provided in one-to-one correspondence, the support columns are connected by ring ribs, and the support columns are configured to change the direction of the elastic members. 10. The omnidirectional control tuned mass damper for wind turbines according to claim 9, wherein the elastic member comprises a first steel wire rope, a spring, and a second steel wire rope, and the support column is provided with a pulley, The two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the first steel wire rope and the second steel wire rope, the first steel wire rope is connected to the upper platform of the fan tower, the second steel wire rope is connected to the draw bar, and the second steel wire rope is connected to the upper platform of the fan tower. A wire rope or said second wire rope is passed around said pulley.

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