CN115584941A - Digital well site drilling fluid management system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a digital well site drilling fluid management system which comprises a real-time data acquisition unit, a digital shaft simulation unit and a parameter optimization unit. The real-time data acquisition unit is used for acquiring drilling basic data in a drilling process; the digital shaft simulation unit comprises an ECD analysis module, a well cleaning simulation module and a friction torque analysis module and is used for generating three corresponding analysis results and sending the analysis results to the parameter optimization unit to determine the optimized value of drilling basic data so as to optimize the drilling fluid. The system also includes functions of production operation, job management, material management, early warning disposal, remote support, and the like. The invention can monitor, analyze and optimize the performance of the drilling fluid in real time, ensure the underground safety, effectively optimize the working mode, standardize the business process, improve the working efficiency, realize the basic level relief and promote the digital construction of drilling wells.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of petroleum and natural gas drilling, in particular to a digital well site drilling fluid management system.
Background
Oil drilling is from an empirical drilling stage to a drilling development stage and finally enters a scientific drilling stage, and the drilling technology is preliminarily automated and matures day by day. The drilling engineering software is one of important means for realizing automatic and intelligent drilling, the drilling fluid is used as 'blood' of the drilling engineering, the drilling fluid is closely related to the drilling engineering, and the drilling fluid is mostly used as a professional module for development, realization of related simulation and calculation when the drilling engineering software is developed. Drilling fluid technology related software has also made great progress in the last 30 years, and the initial calculation program is developed into systematic professional software.
At present, the drilling fluid engineering software development at home and abroad is researched on the aspect of drilling fluid hydraulics calculation. The drilling fluid engineering software has been developed for over 30 years abroad, and most of the commercial engineering software is developed by large technical service companies such as Halliburton (Harliberton) and Schlumberger (Schlumberger) and small and medium service companies such as Paradigm and SPTGroup (China oil energy group). Landmark drilling engineering software developed by Halliburton corporation can perform drilling fluid hydraulics calculation, excitation and swabbing pressure calculation and well control calculation; the DrillingOffice drilling engineering design software developed by Schlumberger company can also realize hydraulic calculation such as ECD (Equivalent Circulating Density) calculation and borehole cleaning analysis; the drilling engineering design software Sysdrill developed by Paradigm corporation contains a hydraulics module and a temperature module, and can simulate drilling fluid rheological property and underground ECD under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. The development of the drilling fluid engineering software in China is started later and only has more than 10 years of development experience. The drilling engineering design system DPS2.0 developed under the guidance of drilling of China Petroleum exploration and development institute, the drilling hydraulic parameter design and analysis software system developed by Petroleum university, the drilling fluid calculation software V2.0 developed by Beijing Petroleum university, the drilling fluid rheological parameter optimization application software developed by China Petroleum and gas general company and the like are widely applied. For example, the invention patent application published as 2021, 3 and 5 and published as CN112446560A discloses a shale gas horizontal well borehole cleaning comprehensive monitoring and evaluation system, which can comprise: the information collection module outside the body comprises information such as friction resistance, torque, hook load, ECD (electronic dispersion recording), underground debris residual amount and the like; and a software analysis module in the body collects and processes the information to realize well cleaning monitoring and evaluation. The system can process the information through the established evaluation system according to the data such as the monitored friction torque, ECD, underground debris residual quantity and the like, so that the monitoring and evaluation of the well cleaning are realized, and guidance is provided for field construction. Although the research of the software in the aspect of drilling fluid hydraulics calculation software development is worthy of achievement, the software can not meet the requirement of specialized drilling fluid development.
At present, the development of the oil field industry in China is rapid, and together with the intense competition environment of the oil field industry, the requirements of oil field companies on management systems are higher and higher. A simple and single-function system cannot meet the requirement of specialized development of the drilling fluid, and comprehensive drilling fluid application software which integrates hydraulic analysis, risk prediction, production and management and data reduction is absent in the market at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to address at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art. For example, one of the purposes of the invention is to develop and form a drilling fluid digital working platform, establish an intelligent field working mode driven by 'data information' to work, promote the standardization and normalization of a working field, improve the production operation and technical management level of a drilling fluid team, reduce the drilling risk and improve the benefit, and realize the digital transformation of the drilling fluid operation.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides, in one aspect, a digital wellsite drilling fluid management system comprising: the system comprises a real-time data acquisition unit, a digital shaft simulation unit and a parameter optimization unit.
The real-time data acquisition unit is used for acquiring drilling basic data in a drilling process, wherein the drilling basic data can comprise drilling fluid density, drilling fluid discharge capacity, drilling fluid fluidity index and consistency coefficient, drilling tool combination, well bore structure and engineering parameters.
The digital shaft simulation unit can comprise an ECD analysis module, a well cleaning simulation module and a friction torque analysis module, wherein the ECD analysis module is connected with the real-time data acquisition module and is used for determining a first analysis result according to an ECD algorithm model, and the first analysis result can comprise the equivalent circulating density of drilling fluid and the annular space pressure consumption.
The well cleaning simulation module is connected with the real-time data acquisition module and used for determining a second analysis result according to the well cleaning calculation model, and the second analysis result can comprise critical discharge capacity, critical annular return velocity, transmission ratio and relative thickness of a rock debris bed.
More preferably, the wellbore cleaning simulation module further comprises a first wash zone module and a second wash zone module.
Wherein the first purge zone module is connected with the borehole cleaning calculation modelWhen the rock debris transmission ratio R calculated by the borehole cleaning calculation model t And when the analysis result is less than 0.5, sending the second analysis result to the parameter optimization unit.
And the second cleaning area module is connected with the borehole cleaning calculation model, and when the relative thickness H of the detritus bed calculated by the borehole cleaning calculation model is greater than 10%, the second analysis result is sent to the parameter optimization unit.
The friction torque analysis module is connected with the real-time data acquisition module and used for determining a third analysis result according to the friction torque analysis model, and the third analysis result can comprise friction force and torque.
Optionally, the friction and torque analysis module includes a calculation module, a drawing module, a friction coefficient module and an optimization judgment module.
The calculation module is connected with the friction coefficient module and is configured to calculate friction torque and/or hook load according to parameters such as well track, drilling tool assembly and drilling fluid density and friction coefficient.
The drawing module is connected with the calculating module and is configured to acquire the friction torque and/or the hook load to carry out projection superposition to form a friction torque graph.
The friction coefficient module is connected with the drawing module and is configured to obtain a friction coefficient and evaluate the condition of the friction coefficient according to the friction torque diagram.
And the optimization judgment module is connected with the friction coefficient module and is configured to confirm the third analysis result according to the friction coefficient.
And the parameter optimization unit is connected with the digital wellbore simulation unit and used for determining an optimized value of the drilling basic data according to the first analysis result, the second analysis result and/or the third analysis result.
In an exemplary embodiment of a digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of the present invention, the drilling fluid management system may further comprise an online monitoring unit comprising a drilling fluid performance analysis module, an adjacent well fault curve plotting module, and a drilling fluid performance design module.
The drilling fluid performance analysis module is connected with the real-time data acquisition unit and used for analyzing the drilling fluid real-time performance data and drawing a drilling fluid performance change trend graph. And the adjacent well fault curve drawing module is used for drawing an adjacent well leakage density curve and an adjacent well overflow density curve according to the adjacent well fault data. And the drilling fluid performance design module is used for drawing a main performance design interval diagram according to the well control safety design drilling fluid performance data and the adjacent well fault data curve.
In an exemplary embodiment of a digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of the present invention, the drilling fluid management system may further comprise an early warning disposal unit for generating early warning information and a disposal plan based on the drilling fluid flow real-time data confirmation.
Optionally, the early warning handling unit comprises an early warning module, a lost circulation handling module and an overflow handling module.
The early warning module is used for analyzing real-time drilling fluid flow data and generating early warning information, wherein the early warning information comprises well leakage abnormity and overflow abnormity.
The lost circulation treatment module is connected with the early warning module and used for receiving early warning information of abnormal lost circulation and automatically generating a lost circulation measure scheme and a lost circulation slurry formula by combining lost circulation data in a lost circulation database.
The overflow handling module is connected with the early warning module and used for receiving early warning information of overflow abnormity, completing simulation of overflow well killing operation and outputting well killing liquid density reference data.
Optionally, the early warning processing unit further includes an early warning rechecking module, where the early warning rechecking module is configured to recheck the early warning information, and when the rechecking determines that the real-time drilling fluid flow data is normal, the early warning is released.
In an exemplary embodiment of a digital well site drilling fluid management system, the drilling fluid management system further comprises a process management unit, wherein the process management unit is used for managing the production operation process of a drilling fluid on site and comprises a drilling fluid transferring module, a waste disposal module and a drilling fluid vehicle dispatching module.
Wherein, drilling fluid transportation module is used for the application of flow process management drilling fluid demand, the discarded object is dealt with the module and is used for flow process management discarded object processing request, drilling fluid is used the car dispatch module of drilling fluid to be used for the application of flow process management special type vehicle demand.
In an exemplary embodiment of a digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of the present invention, the drilling fluid management system may further comprise an operations management unit for managing the routine work of a drilling fluid engineer, including a drilling fluid operations module, a QHSE management module, a personnel management module, and a technical data management module.
In an exemplary embodiment of a digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of the present invention, the drilling fluid management system further comprises a material management module for managing a full life cycle process of drilling fluid materials, comprising a construction plan module, a monthly plan module, a materials application module, a materials consumption module, a clinical data module, a materials transfer module, and a materials mover module.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention comprise at least one of the following:
(1) The invention provides a digital well site drilling fluid management system which can effectively optimize a working mode, standardize a service flow, improve the working efficiency, realize basic level relief and promote the digital construction of drilling.
(2) The invention provides a digital well site drilling fluid management system, which can perform ECD analysis in real time so as to optimize the performance of drilling fluid, adjust the discharge capacity of the drilling fluid, prevent underground leakage and ensure underground safety; the drilling fluid performance index and the drilling parameters can be optimized, the well cleaning is ensured, and the complex underground faults caused by poor well cleaning are prevented and reduced; the friction torque can be calculated and analyzed, and the friction torque is controlled to be in an ideal interval by optimizing a drilling tool assembly and adjusting the performance of drilling fluid, so that the safety of an underground tool is ensured, and underground faults are prevented.
(3) The invention provides a digital well site drilling fluid management system which can reduce drilling risks, timely discover the invasion of a well bottom fluid into a drilling fluid, prevent underground safety accidents caused by the invasion of a large amount of fluid, realize an early warning function on key indexes such as density and filtration loss and prevent the influence on well control safety because key drilling fluid parameters do not accord with design requirements.
Drawings
The above and other objects and/or features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates a flow diagram of a digital wellbore of an exemplary embodiment of a digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic flow diagram of a wellbore cleanliness calculation analysis program of an exemplary embodiment of the digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of the present invention.
FIG. 3 illustrates a flow diagram of an online monitoring module of an exemplary embodiment of a digitized wellsite drilling fluid management system of the present disclosure.
FIG. 4 illustrates a flow diagram of the early warning module of an exemplary embodiment of the digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of the present invention.
FIG. 5 illustrates a flow diagram of a production run module of an exemplary embodiment of a digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of the present invention.
FIG. 6 illustrates a flow diagram of an operations management module of an exemplary embodiment of a digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of the present invention.
FIG. 7 illustrates a flow diagram of a material management module of an exemplary embodiment of a digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of the present invention.
FIG. 8 illustrates a flow diagram of a remote command module of an exemplary embodiment of a digitized wellsite drilling fluid management system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments.
It should be noted that "first," "second," "third," and the like are merely for convenience of description and for ease of distinction, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The drilling fluid engineering software is an important component of the modern drilling fluid technology and is the centralized embodiment of the engineering, informatization and intellectualization of the drilling fluid technology. The drilling fluid engineering software development is a system engineering, how to make a structural design and integrate different functional modules into a unified platform has important significance for realizing the advancement of the whole engineering software system. And with the expansion of drilling engineering construction to complex areas and the development of new drilling processes and new technologies, drilling engineering increasingly depends on the support of software systems, such as drilling fluid equivalent circulating density analysis, well bore cleaning condition analysis, friction torque analysis and the like. Aiming at the problems, the inventor provides a digital well site drilling fluid management system which can integrate the hydraulic analysis, risk prediction, production and management and data reduction into a whole, so that the drilling fluid can be effectively unified and managed.
In order to achieve the above objects, one aspect of the present invention provides a digital wellsite drilling fluid management system.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present digital wellsite drilling fluid management system, the digital wellsite drilling fluid management system comprises the following elements: the system comprises a real-time data acquisition unit, a digital shaft simulation unit and a parameter optimization unit.
The real-time data acquisition unit is used for acquiring drilling basic data in the drilling process, wherein the drilling basic data can comprise drilling fluid density, drilling fluid discharge capacity, drilling fluid fluidity index and consistency coefficient, drilling tool combination, well bore structure and engineering parameters.
The digital shaft simulation unit can comprise an ECD analysis module, a well cleaning simulation module and a friction torque analysis module, wherein the ECD analysis module is connected with the real-time data acquisition module and is used for determining a first analysis result according to the ECD algorithm model, and the first analysis result can comprise drilling fluid equivalent circulating density and annular pressure loss.
The well cleaning simulation module is connected with the real-time data acquisition module and used for determining a second analysis result according to the well cleaning calculation model, and the second analysis result can comprise critical discharge capacity, critical annular return velocity, transmission ratio and relative thickness of a rock debris bed.
More preferably, the wellbore cleaning simulation module further comprises a first wash zone module and a second wash zone module.
Wherein the first cleaning area module is connected with the borehole cleaning calculation model, and when the rock debris transmission ratio R calculated by the borehole cleaning calculation model is reached t And when the analysis result is less than 0.5, sending the second analysis result to the parameter optimization unit.
And the second cleaning area module is connected with the borehole cleaning calculation model, and when the relative thickness H of the detritus bed calculated by the borehole cleaning calculation model is larger than 10%, a second analysis result is sent to the parameter optimization unit.
The friction and torque analysis module is connected with the real-time data acquisition module and used for determining a third analysis result according to the friction and torque analysis model, and the third analysis result can comprise friction and torque.
More preferably, the friction and torque analysis module comprises a calculation module, a drawing module, a friction coefficient module and an optimization judgment module. The calculation module is connected with the friction coefficient module and is configured to calculate friction torque and/or hook load according to parameters such as well track, drilling tool assembly and drilling fluid density and the friction coefficient. The drawing module is connected with the calculating module and is configured to acquire the friction torque and/or the hook load to be projected and superposed into a friction torque graph. The friction coefficient module is connected with the drawing module and is configured to obtain the friction coefficient and evaluate the condition of the friction coefficient according to the friction torque chart. The optimization judgment module is connected with the friction coefficient module and configured to confirm a third analysis result according to the friction coefficient.
And the parameter optimization unit is connected with the digital shaft simulation unit and used for determining an optimized value of the drilling basic data according to the first analysis result, the second analysis result and/or the third analysis result.
In an exemplary embodiment of a digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of the present invention, the drilling fluid management system may further comprise an online monitoring unit comprising a drilling fluid performance analysis module, an adjacent well fault curve drawing module, and a drilling fluid performance design module.
And the drilling fluid performance analysis module is connected with the real-time data acquisition unit and is used for analyzing the real-time performance data of the drilling fluid and drawing a drilling fluid performance change trend graph. And the adjacent well fault curve drawing module is used for drawing an adjacent well leakage density curve and an adjacent well overflow density curve according to the adjacent well fault data. And the drilling fluid performance design module is used for drawing a main performance design interval diagram according to the well control safety design drilling fluid performance data and the adjacent well fault data curve.
In an exemplary embodiment of a digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of the present invention, the drilling fluid management system may further comprise an early warning disposal unit for generating early warning information and a disposal plan based on the drilling fluid flow real-time data confirmation.
More specifically, the early warning processing unit comprises an early warning module, a lost circulation processing module and an overflow processing module.
The early warning module is used for analyzing the real-time drilling fluid flow data and generating early warning information, and the early warning information comprises leakage abnormity and overflow abnormity.
And the lost circulation disposal module is connected with the early warning module and is used for receiving the early warning information of abnormal lost circulation and automatically generating a lost circulation measure scheme and a lost circulation slurry formula by combining the lost circulation data in the lost circulation database.
And the overflow handling module is connected with the early warning module and used for receiving early warning information of overflow abnormity, completing simulation of overflow well killing operation and outputting well killing fluid density reference data.
Furthermore, the early warning processing unit can further comprise an early warning rechecking module, the early warning rechecking module is used for rechecking the early warning information, and when the rechecking judgment shows that the real-time drilling fluid flow data is normal, the early warning is released.
In an exemplary embodiment of a digital well site drilling fluid management system according to the present invention, the drilling fluid management system may further include a process management unit, wherein the process management unit is configured to manage a drilling fluid on-site production operation process, and includes a drilling fluid transportation module, a waste disposal module, and a drilling fluid vehicle dispatching module.
The drilling fluid transferring module is used for flow management drilling fluid requirement application, the waste disposal module is used for flow management waste disposal request, and the vehicle scheduling module for drilling fluid is used for flow management special vehicle requirement application.
In an exemplary embodiment of a digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of the present invention, the drilling fluid management system may further comprise an operations management unit for managing routine work of a drilling fluid engineer, including a drilling fluid operations module, a QHSE management module, a personnel management module, and a technical data management module. QHSE management refers to a management hierarchy that governs and controls an organization in terms of Quality (Quality), health (Health), security (Safety), and environment (Environmental).
In an exemplary embodiment of a digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of the present invention, the drilling fluid management system may further comprise a material management module for managing a full life cycle process of drilling fluid materials, comprising a construction plan module, a monthly plan module, a materials application module, a materials consumption module, a clinical data module, a materials transfer module, and a materials mover module.
For a better understanding of the above-described exemplary embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The digital wellsite drilling fluid management system illustrated in this example has completed the deployment of 21 drilling fluid crew, completing 3 wells, drilling 21 wells.
The digital well site drilling fluid management system comprises the following units: the working process of the real-time data acquisition unit, the digital wellbore simulation unit and the parameter optimization unit is shown in figure 1.
The real-time data acquisition unit is used for acquiring drilling basic data in a drilling process, wherein the drilling basic data comprise drilling fluid density, drilling fluid discharge capacity, drilling fluid fluidity index and consistency coefficient, drilling tool assembly, well structure and engineering parameters.
More specifically, the basic data can be captured by EISS (engineering work intelligence support system).
The digital shaft simulation unit comprises an ECD analysis module, a well cleaning simulation module and a friction torque analysis module, wherein the ECD analysis module is connected with the real-time data acquisition module and is used for determining a first analysis result according to the ECD algorithm model, the first analysis result comprises drilling fluid equivalent circulating density and annular pressure loss, and the first analysis result can be updated and displayed in a digital well site drilling fluid management system in real time.
The ECD algorithm model may also include the following expressions:
ECD＝ρ m (1-C a )+ρ s C a +10∑0.1P/H。
wherein ECD is circulating equivalent density, g/cm 3 ；C a The concentration of the rock debris in the annulus is dimensionless; rho m Is the density of the drilling fluid in g/cm 3 (ii) a P is the annular space pressure loss, mpa; h is vertical well depth m; rho s Is the density of drill cuttings particles, g/cm 3 。
ECD can also be calculated by: confirming the annular return velocity, the fluidity index and the consistency coefficient of the drilling fluid, and further confirming the effective viscosity of the drilling fluid; determining the Reynolds number according to the effective viscosity of the drilling fluid, judging and determining the flow state of the drilling fluid in the annulus, and further determining the friction coefficient of the annulus drilling fluid; and (4) confirming the circulating pressure loss of the annular well section, the influence factor of the rock debris on the ECD and the well depth, and further confirming the ECD value.
And the well cleaning simulation module is connected with the real-time data acquisition module and is used for determining a second analysis result according to the well cleaning calculation model, and the second analysis result comprises critical discharge capacity, critical annular return speed, transmission ratio and relative thickness of a rock debris bed.
More specifically, the wellbore cleaning simulation module further includes a first wash zone module and a second wash zone module.
Wherein the first cleaning area module is connected with the borehole cleaning calculation model, and when the borehole cleaning calculation model is calculatedRock debris transport ratio R t And when the analysis result is less than 0.5, sending the second analysis result to the parameter optimization unit.
And the second cleaning area module is connected with the borehole cleaning calculation model, and when the relative thickness H of the detritus bed calculated by the borehole cleaning calculation model is larger than 10%, a second analysis result is sent to the parameter optimization unit.
The flow of calculation and analysis of the borehole cleaning calculation model of the borehole cleaning simulation module is shown in fig. 2, and the process of calculation and analysis of the borehole cleaning calculation model is extracted from the real-time data acquisition unit to obtain parameter annulus parameters (borehole diameter, well deviation, inner and outer diameters of a drill string), drilling parameters (discharge capacity, drilling speed, mechanical drilling speed), drilling fluid properties (density and viscosity), and rock debris parameters (density and particle diameter) are manually input, the critical return speed, the critical discharge capacity, the rock debris transmission ratio and the relative thickness of a rock debris bed are obtained through the borehole cleaning calculation model, a second analysis result is generated according to the values of the rock debris transmission ratio and the relative thickness of the rock debris bed, the second analysis result is sent to the parameter optimization unit, the drilling parameters (discharge capacity, drilling speed, mechanical drilling speed) and the drilling fluid properties (density and viscosity) are adjusted, so that the finally calculated rock debris transmission ratio R is obtained t May be greater than or equal to 0.5 and the relative thickness of the cutting bed may be less than or equal to 10%.
The wellbore cleaning simulation module divides the cuttings migration into three clean-up zones according to the well deviation: the well cleaning method comprises the following steps of an easy-to-clean area (a well inclination angle of a small-inclination well section is 0-30 degrees), an unstable debris bed area (a well inclination angle of a middle-inclination well section is 30-65 degrees) and a stable debris bed area (a well inclination angle of a large-inclination well section is 65-90 degrees), wherein well cleaning calculation models are different due to different drilling cuttings transportation mechanisms of different cleaning areas. The borehole cleaning simulation module can be combined with a real-time data acquisition unit to acquire real-time dynamic data, and is used for calculating through a borehole cleaning calculation model and obtaining an analysis result by combining with a prejudgment standard.
More specifically, in the small-inclination well section, because the inclination angle is small and the well section is an easy-to-clean area, a detritus bed is not formed generally, so that the transmission ratio of drill cutting particles is used as a pre-judgment standard for well cleaning, and when the transmission ratio Rt of the drill cutting particles is more than or equal to 0.5, the construction parameters for determining the cleanliness of the well are excellent; when the drilling cutting particle transmission ratio Rt is less than 0.5, the construction parameters for determining the cleanliness of the well bore are poor, and the performance of the drilling fluid and/or the drilling parameters need to be adjusted.
Wherein, the calculation model of the cleaning condition of the small-inclination well section is as follows:
drill cuttings particle transport ratio R t Calculating formula: r is t ＝(V a -V sx )/V a 。
Drilling fluid annular space velocity return V a Calculating formula: v a ＝1273.2Q a /(D h 2 -D p 2 )。
Settling velocity V of drill cutting particles in small-inclination well section sx Calculating formula:
if Re is less than or equal to 10 sx ＝0.32681d s 2 (ρ s -ρ m )/AV。
If Re is more than 10 and less than 100 sx ＝0.07068d s (ρ s -ρ m ) 0.6667 /(ρ m AV) 0.3333 。
If Re is more than or equal to 100 sx ＝0.0813[d s (ρ s -ρ m )/ρ m ] 0.5 。
Drilling cutting particle Reynolds number Re calculation formula: re =1000.52 ρ m V sx d s /AV。
In the above formula, V a The drilling fluid is the annular return speed of the drilling fluid in m/s; v sx The settling velocity of drill cutting particles at a small-inclination well section is m/s; q a Is the drilling fluid flow rate, L/s; d h The diameter of the borehole (the casing section can be the inner diameter of the casing, the open hole section can be obtained according to the borehole diameter logging, and the section which is not subjected to the borehole diameter logging can be obtained according to the same formation borehole diameter of the adjacent well), and is mm; d p The diameter is the outer diameter of the drill rod; d is a radical of s Is the equivalent diameter of drill cutting particles, mm; rho s 、ρ m Is the density of drill cutting particles and drilling fluid in g/cm 3 (ii) a AV is the apparent viscosity of the drilling fluid, mPas.
The well cleaning calculation model and the prejudgment standard of the well sections with medium inclination and large inclination are as follows: the well section is an unstable cuttings bed area, the highly-deviated well section is a stable cuttings bed area, cuttings are difficult to carry, and the diameter ratio of the cuttings bed thickness to the well bore diameter, namely the relative cuttings bed thickness H, is used as a pre-judgment standard for well bore cleaning. When H is less than or equal to 10%, determining that the construction parameters of the well cleanliness are excellent; when H is more than 10%, the construction parameters for determining the cleanliness of the well hole are poor, and the performance of the drilling fluid or (and) drilling parameters need to be adjusted.
A debris bed thickness calculation model: h =0.015D h (μ e +6.15μ e 0.5 )(1+0.587E)(V Lzd -V a )。
Model for the relative thickness of the cuttings bed (percentage of the diameter of the borehole occupied by the cuttings bed):
H＝(h/D h )×100％。
effective viscosity calculation model: mu.s e ＝K((D h -D p )/12V a ) 1-n ((2n+1)/3n) n 。
A critical annular return velocity calculation model: v Lzd ＝V szd +V t 。
The model for calculating the rock debris settling velocity of the well sections with medium inclination and large inclination comprises the following steps:
V szd ＝0.4((600-N)/600)(d s (ρ s -ρ m )/ρ m ) 0.667 ((1-0.71*3.14θ/180+0.55sin2θ)/(μ e ρ m ) 0.333 )。
a critical rock debris transmission speed calculation model: v t ＝0.0056V jx D h 2 /(D h 2 -D p 2 )。
In the above formula, h is the thickness of the detritus bed, mm; h, relative thickness of the detritus bed, and dimensionless; mu.s e mPa · s, effective viscosity; n and K are respectively a drilling fluid fluidity index and a consistency coefficient, and are dimensionless; e is the eccentricity of the drill column and is dimensionless; v Lzd Critical annular return velocity is m/s; v a The annular return speed of the drilling fluid is m/s; v szd The settlement speed of rock debris in well sections with medium inclination and large inclination is m/s; n is the rotating speed of the drill stem, r/min; theta is the well inclination angle; v t Critical rock debris transmission speed, m/s; v jx Is the mechanical drilling speed, m/s.
The friction torque analysis module is connected with the real-time data acquisition module and used for determining a third analysis result according to the friction torque analysis model, and the third analysis result comprises friction force and torque.
Optionally, the friction torque analysis module may further form a friction torque map of tripping non-rotation, bottoming idle, sliding drilling, rotary drilling and tripping rotation based on the real-time operating conditions and the drill string operating conditions.
The friction and torque analysis module can specifically calculate friction and torque data according to different friction and resistance coefficients according to parameters such as well track, drilling tool assembly and drilling fluid density.
Furthermore, the friction and torque analysis module can further comprise a calculation module, a drawing module, a friction coefficient module and an optimization judgment module.
The calculation module is connected with the friction coefficient module and is configured to calculate friction torque and/or hook load according to parameters such as well track, drilling tool assembly and drilling fluid density and the friction coefficient.
The drawing module is connected with the calculating module and is configured to acquire the friction torque and/or the hook load to be projected and superposed into a friction torque graph.
The friction coefficient module is connected with the drawing module and is configured to obtain the friction coefficient and evaluate the condition of the friction coefficient in the well according to the friction torque chart.
The optimization judgment module is connected with the friction coefficient module and configured to confirm a third analysis result according to the friction coefficient. When the friction coefficient is smaller than or equal to the first coefficient value, further optimization is not needed, and a third analysis result containing an optimization-not-needed instruction is sent to the parameter optimization unit; when the friction coefficient is larger than the first coefficient value, further optimization is needed, and a third analysis result containing an optimization instruction is sent to the parameter optimization unit.
Optionally, the determining process of the optimization determining module may further include determining an optimization condition of the drilling tool assembly, generating a first optimization instruction including the optimization determining result of the drilling tool assembly when the optimization determining result of the drilling tool assembly is that the drilling tool assembly can be continuously optimized, and sending a third analysis result including the first optimization instruction to the parameter optimization unit. And when the optimization judgment result of the drilling tool assembly is that the drilling tool assembly cannot be continuously optimized, generating a second optimization instruction containing drilling fluid performance optimization, and sending a third analysis result containing the second optimization instruction to the parameter optimization unit.
More specifically, the friction torque analysis module can analyze and evaluate the friction torque and/or hook load conditions of the pipe column in the well under different working conditions in combination with real-time logging data, and projects the acquired friction torque and/or hook load data to a friction torque diagram for evaluating the friction coefficient conditions in the well, so that the lower well section can be predicted and analyzed. And the parameter optimization unit optimizes the drilling tool assembly and adjusts the drilling fluid performance according to the third analysis result sent by the optimization judgment module, so that the friction resistance torque is at a lower value. When the friction coefficient is larger than a specific value, the friction torque is judged to be larger, so that the buckling phenomenon can be caused in the continuous drilling process, the continuous drilling can not be carried out, and further optimization is needed. If the optimization judgment result of the drilling tool assembly of the optimization judgment module is that the drilling tool assembly can be continuously optimized, a first optimization instruction is generated, a third analysis result containing the first optimization instruction is sent to the parameter optimization unit to optimize the drilling tool assembly, then whether the friction coefficient is larger than a specific value or not is continuously judged through the optimization judgment module, and if the friction coefficient is smaller than or equal to the specific coefficient value, the optimization is completed. And if the friction coefficient is larger than the specific coefficient value and the optimization judgment result of the drilling tool assembly of the optimization judgment module is that the drilling tool assembly cannot be continuously optimized, generating a second optimization instruction, and sending a third analysis result containing the second optimization instruction to the parameter optimization unit for optimizing the performance of the drilling fluid until the friction coefficient is smaller than or equal to the specific coefficient value, and completing optimization. The friction resistance torque analysis module is used for reducing the friction resistance coefficient, so that the friction resistance torque is reduced, the buckling phenomenon is eliminated, and continuous drilling is realized.
Optionally, the friction torque analysis module may further include a real-time evaluation module, connected to the friction coefficient module, and configured to evaluate friction torque and/or hook load of the pipe string in the wellbore under different conditions according to the real-time logging data.
And the parameter optimization unit is connected with the digital shaft simulation unit and used for determining an optimized value of the drilling basic data according to the first analysis result, the second analysis result and/or the third analysis result.
And the parameter optimization unit compares the equivalent circulating density of the drilling fluid in the first analysis result with the upper limit of the design density of the stratum and the leakage density, so that the performance of the drilling fluid is optimized in time, the underground leakage is prevented, and the underground safety is ensured. For example, when the equivalent circulation density of the drilling fluid in the first analysis result is greater than the designed upper density limit and the leakage density of the stratum, the well leakage risk exists, and the circulation displacement or the drilling fluid performance is adjusted according to the generated optimized value, such as the reduction of the drilling fluid displacement or the reduction of the drilling fluid viscous shear. And the well cleaning can be ensured by optimizing the performance index and drilling parameters of the drilling fluid, and the occurrence of complex underground faults caused by poor well cleaning can be prevented and reduced. And the friction torque can be controlled to be in an ideal interval by optimizing the drilling tool assembly and adjusting the performance of the drilling fluid, so that the safety of the underground tool is ensured, and the underground fault is prevented.
The drilling fluid management system further comprises an online monitoring unit, and the online monitoring unit comprises a drilling fluid performance analysis module, an adjacent well fault curve drawing module and a drilling fluid performance design module.
The drilling fluid performance analysis module is connected with the real-time data acquisition unit and used for analyzing the real-time performance data of the drilling fluid and drawing a drilling fluid performance change trend graph. And the adjacent well fault curve drawing module is used for drawing an adjacent well leakage density curve and an adjacent well overflow density curve according to the adjacent well fault data. And the drilling fluid performance design module is used for drawing a main performance design interval diagram according to the well control safety design drilling fluid performance data and the adjacent well fault data curve.
The working process of the online monitoring unit can be as shown in fig. 3, automatic sampling detection is carried out through the drilling fluid online detection module according to preset working condition information, frequency and detection items, time, well depth and horizon data are captured simultaneously, and the captured data and detection result data are sent to an EISS digital well site system through a well site data collector. The online monitoring unit of the management system captures data of a drilling fluid online detection module, drilling design data of an ORACLE database and fault data of a local well and adjacent wells of an EISS adjacent well fault database from an EISS digital well site system, and generates a well fluid performance curve graph, a drilling fluid main performance design interval graph, a lost circulation density curve and an overflow density curve.
The drilling fluid management system further comprises an early warning disposal unit, wherein the early warning disposal unit comprises an early warning module, a lost circulation disposal module and an overflow disposal module and is used for confirming and generating early warning information and a disposal scheme according to the real-time drilling fluid flow data.
The early warning module is used for analyzing the real-time drilling fluid flow data and generating early warning information, and the early warning information comprises leakage abnormity and overflow abnormity.
The lost circulation processing module is connected with the early warning module and used for receiving the early warning information of abnormal lost circulation, and intelligently selecting a leaking stoppage measure scheme and a leaking stoppage slurry formula in a lost circulation data template with the highest similarity by comparing the received lost circulation data with data in a lost circulation database.
And the overflow handling module is connected with the early warning module and used for receiving early warning information of overflow abnormity, capturing well closing vertical pressure, vertical depth and drilling fluid density during overflow, calculating the required density of the well killing fluid and completing the simulation of overflow well killing operation.
Optionally, the early warning processing unit further includes an early warning rechecking module, and the early warning rechecking module is configured to recheck the early warning information, and when the rechecking judges that the real-time drilling fluid flow data is normal, the early warning is released.
More specifically, the workflow of the early warning disposal unit can be as shown in fig. 4, and the early warning module can acquire real-time drilling fluid flow data through the liquid level scale sensor and the non-full outlet pipe flowmeter and generate early warning information. The early warning rechecking module rechecks the early warning information, and when the rechecking judgment shows that the early warning information is normal, the early warning is removed; and when the early warning information is abnormal, the early warning information is distributed to the lost circulation processing module and the overflow processing module to be processed respectively. And the lost circulation disposal module receives early warning information comprising lost circulation information data and geological data, and confirms the plugging measure scheme and the plugging slurry formula by comparing the lost circulation information data with the data in the lost circulation database. And the overflow handling module simulates and provides well killing fluid density reference data by means of an overflow well killing operation program by receiving the early warning information.
The drilling fluid management system further comprises a process management unit, wherein the process management unit is used for managing the production and operation processes of the drilling fluid on site and comprises a drilling fluid transferring module, a waste disposal module and a drilling fluid vehicle scheduling module, the drilling fluid transferring module is used for managing drilling fluid requirement application in a flow mode, the waste disposal module is used for managing waste treatment requests in a flow mode, and the drilling fluid vehicle scheduling module is used for managing special vehicle requirement application in a flow mode.
More specifically, the drilling fluid demand application may include drilling fluid indicator, demand amount, and time to well, the waste treatment request may include waste category and amount, and the special vehicle demand application may include vehicle type, work project type, and time.
The production operation process of the process management unit can be as shown in fig. 5, in the process of drilling fluid transfer, the drilling fluid operation field manages the operation process through the process management unit, the drilling fluid transfer module, the waste disposal module and the vehicle scheduling module for drilling fluid respectively confirm and send drilling fluid demand applications, waste disposal requests and special vehicle demand applications to the scheduling and allocating department for auditing, and after the applications are initiated, the dynamic application can be tracked in real time in the corresponding drilling fluid transfer module, the waste disposal module and the vehicle scheduling module for drilling fluid, and the development progress can be mastered. The dispatching and allocating department receives and audits the drilling fluid requirement application, the waste treatment request and the special vehicle requirement application, forwards the waste treatment request to the branch management leader for auditing, sends the auditing results of the drilling fluid requirement application, the waste treatment module and the special vehicle requirement application and the transportation task to the dispatching and allocating department after receiving the feedback, generates the dispatching and allocating task by the dispatching and allocating department and sends the dispatching and allocating task to the transportation department, and the transportation department receives the dispatching and allocating task and executes the task, and completes and terminates the requirement task flow after the requirement initiating unit confirms the dispatching and allocating task. The flow management unit can improve the production coordination capacity of each department and improve the field production operation efficiency.
The drilling fluid management system also comprises an operation management unit which is used for managing the conventional work of drilling fluid engineers and comprises a drilling fluid operation module, a QHSE management module, a personnel management module and a technical data management module.
The work flow of the operation management unit can be as shown in fig. 6, most basic data of the operation management unit is captured through an EISS digital well site system, and engineers can also supplement and fill in all modules of the operation management unit, so that unified management on routine work of drilling fluid engineers is realized, and the drilling fluid engineers are assisted to complete routine work quickly and efficiently.
Wherein, the functional item content of the drilling fluid operation module can comprise: the method comprises the steps of engineering operation information extraction, logging information extraction, drilling fluid performance analysis, field experiments, drilling fluid maintenance processing schemes, sampling inspection materials and drilling fluid water analysis.
The functional item content of the QHSE management module can comprise: monthly checking, post checking, training and learning, accident event reporting, emergency exercise, hazardous chemical substance ledger and two books and one table.
The functional item content of the personnel management module can comprise: the detailed information of the personnel basic information, the personnel license information, the personnel dynamic state and the personnel attendance is used for managing the detailed information of the personnel.
The functional items of the technical material management module can comprise: daily report of drilling fluid, monthly report of drilling fluid, cost analysis of drilling fluid, complex report, and well history of drilling fluid.
The drilling fluid management system also comprises a material management unit which is used for carrying out flow management on the whole life cycle of the drilling fluid material and comprises a construction plan module, a monthly plan module, a material application module, a material consumption module, an imminent period data module, a material transfer module and a material moving module.
The construction plan module is used for managing construction plans, the monthly plan module is used for managing monthly plans, the material application module is used for managing material applications, the material consumption module is used for managing material consumption, the temporary data module is used for managing temporary data, the material transfer module is used for managing transfer applications, and the material moving module is used for managing material moving applications.
The whole life cycle process of the material management unit can be as shown in fig. 7, and drilling fluid operation teams can perform pre-planning filling through a construction pre-planning module and then send the pre-planning filling to a project department, a research and development center, a production development department, a technical expert and a leader of a supervisor for examination and verification. After the auditing is passed, the drilling fluid working team also carries out monthly plan report through the monthly plan module, and the monthly plan report is sent to a project department, a production development department and a leader to be audited. After the leader of the main pipe passes the audit, a drilling fluid working team carries out material application and report through a material application module, and then the drilling fluid working team sends the materials to a project department, a production development department, the leader of the main pipe and a dispatching and allocating department for material dispatching. And in the later period, the drilling fluid working team can record consumption data through the material consumption module, and can respectively record the temporary data and initiate a material transfer application through the temporary data module and the material transfer module, and the temporary data and the material transfer application are sent to a project department and a dispatching and dispatching department for auditing. The drilling fluid operation team can also send a material moving application to the project department for auditing through the material moving module.
The drilling fluid management system also comprises a remote command unit which is used for remotely transmitting emergency instructions, remotely allocating emergency materials, monitoring the field condition in real time and adjusting emergency measures in real time. The remote commander can receive the command and the emergency plan, and the flow chart is shown in fig. 8, and the remote commander unit sends the command and waits for the command to an upper unit.
In order to study whether the field work efficiency of drilling fluid operation can be obviously improved and data can be obviously reduced, 6 groups of drilling fluid operation teams are investigated for field work and are divided into 3 groups of conventional operation teams and 3 groups of digital operation teams using a digital drilling fluid management system for the drilling fluid operation, and the comparison and discovery are carried out during work: the working efficiency of a digital operation team using the drilling fluid engineer platform is obviously improved, and the work completion condition is more standard and uniform. Therefore, the effect of using the drilling fluid engineer platform on reducing the load of field operation can be obvious, the specific data are shown in the following table, the comprehensive efficiency can be improved by 96 percent, the operation capability of drilling fluid field operation personnel can be greatly improved by means of the system, and the operation control level can be effectively improved.
TABLE 1 drilling fluid working duration statistical table
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention provides a digital well site drilling fluid management system which can effectively optimize a working mode, standardize a service flow, improve the working efficiency, realize basic level relief and promote the digital construction of drilling.
(2) The invention provides a digital well site drilling fluid management system, which can perform ECD analysis in real time so as to optimize the performance of drilling fluid, adjust the discharge capacity of the drilling fluid, prevent underground leakage and ensure underground safety; the drilling fluid performance index and the drilling parameters can be optimized, the well cleaning is ensured, and the complex underground faults caused by poor well cleaning are prevented and reduced; the friction torque can be calculated and analyzed, and the friction torque is controlled to be in an ideal interval by optimizing the drilling tool assembly and adjusting the performance of the drilling fluid, so that the safety of an underground tool is ensured, and underground faults are prevented.
(3) The invention provides a digital well site drilling fluid management system which can reduce drilling risks, timely discover the condition that a well bottom fluid invades into a drilling fluid, prevent underground safety accidents caused by the invasion of a large amount of fluid, realize an early warning function on key indexes such as density and filtration loss and prevent the influence on well control safety because key drilling fluid parameters do not accord with design requirements.
Although the present invention has been described above in connection with the exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A digital wellsite drilling fluid management system comprising a real-time data acquisition unit, a digital wellbore simulation unit, and a parameter optimization unit, wherein,
the real-time data acquisition unit is used for acquiring drilling basic data in a drilling process, wherein the drilling basic data comprise drilling fluid density, drilling fluid discharge capacity, drilling fluid fluidity index and consistency coefficient, drilling tool combination, well body structure and engineering parameters;
the digital shaft simulation unit comprises an ECD analysis module, a well cleaning simulation module and a friction torque analysis module, wherein the ECD analysis module is connected with the real-time data acquisition module and is used for determining a first analysis result according to an ECD algorithm model, and the first analysis result comprises drilling fluid equivalent circulating density and annular pressure loss;
the borehole cleaning simulation module is connected with the real-time data acquisition module and used for determining a second analysis result according to the borehole cleaning calculation model, wherein the second analysis result comprises critical discharge capacity, critical annular return velocity, transmission ratio and relative thickness of a rock debris bed;
the friction and torque analysis module is connected with the real-time data acquisition module and used for determining a third analysis result according to the friction and torque analysis model, and the third analysis result comprises friction and torque;
and the parameter optimization unit is connected with the digital wellbore simulation unit and used for determining an optimized value of the drilling basic data according to the first analysis result, the second analysis result and/or the third analysis result.
2. The digitized wellsite drilling fluid management system of claim 1 wherein the wellbore cleaning simulation module comprises a first clean zone module and a second clean zone module, wherein,
the first cleaning area module is connected with the borehole cleaning calculation model and is used for calculating the rock debris transmission ratio R when the borehole cleaning calculation model calculates t When the analysis result is less than 0.5, the second analysis result is sent to the parameter optimization unit;
and the second cleaning area module is connected with the borehole cleaning calculation model and used for sending the second analysis result to the parameter optimization unit when the relative thickness H of the detritus bed calculated by the borehole cleaning calculation model is greater than 10%.
3. The digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of claim 1, wherein the friction torque analysis module comprises a calculation module, a mapping module, a friction coefficient module, and an optimization determination module;
the calculation module is connected with the friction coefficient module and is configured to calculate friction torque and/or hook load according to parameters such as well track, drilling tool assembly and drilling fluid density and friction coefficient;
the drawing module is connected with the calculating module and is configured to acquire the friction torque and/or the hook load to perform projection superposition to form a friction torque graph;
the friction coefficient module is connected with the drawing module and is configured to acquire a friction coefficient and evaluate the condition of the friction coefficient according to the friction torque diagram;
the optimization judgment module is connected with the friction coefficient module and configured to confirm the third analysis result according to the friction coefficient.
4. The digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of claim 1, further comprising an online monitoring unit comprising a drilling fluid performance analysis module, an adjacent well fault curve plotting module, and a drilling fluid performance design module;
the drilling fluid performance analysis module is connected with the real-time data acquisition unit and used for analyzing the real-time performance data of the drilling fluid and drawing a drilling fluid performance change trend graph;
the adjacent well fault curve drawing module is used for drawing an adjacent well leakage density curve and an adjacent well overflow density curve according to the adjacent well fault data;
and the drilling fluid performance design module is used for drawing a main performance design interval diagram according to the well control safety design drilling fluid performance data and the adjacent well fault data curve.
5. The digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of claim 1, further comprising an early warning disposal unit configured to generate early warning information and a disposal plan based on drilling fluid flow real-time data validation.
6. The digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of claim 5, wherein the pre-warning handling unit comprises a pre-warning module, a lost circulation handling module, and an overflow handling module, wherein,
the early warning module is used for analyzing the real-time data of the drilling fluid flow and generating early warning information, wherein the early warning information comprises the well leakage abnormity and the overflow abnormity;
the lost circulation treatment module is connected with the early warning module and is used for receiving early warning information of abnormal lost circulation and automatically generating a lost circulation measure scheme and a lost circulation slurry formula by combining lost circulation data in a lost circulation database;
the overflow handling module is connected with the early warning module and used for receiving early warning information of overflow abnormity, completing simulation of overflow well killing operation and outputting well killing liquid density reference data.
7. The digital well site drilling fluid management system of claim 6, wherein the early warning processing unit further comprises an early warning rechecking module, the early warning rechecking module is configured to recheck the early warning information, and when the rechecking determines that the real-time drilling fluid flow data is normal, the early warning is released.
8. The digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of claim 1, further comprising a process management unit configured to manage a drilling fluid field production operation process, comprising a drilling fluid transfer module, a waste disposal module, and a drilling fluid vehicle dispatching module, wherein the drilling fluid transfer module is configured to manage a drilling fluid demand application, the waste disposal module is configured to manage a waste disposal request, and the drilling fluid vehicle dispatching module is configured to manage a special vehicle demand application.
9. The digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of claim 1, further comprising an operations management unit for managing routine work by a drilling fluid engineer, comprising a drilling fluid operations module, a QHSE management module, a personnel management module, and a technical data management module.
10. The digital wellsite drilling fluid management system of claim 1, further comprising a material management module configured to manage a flow of a full life cycle of drilling fluid material, comprising a construction plan module, a monthly plan module, a material application module, a material consumption module, a contingency data module, a material transfer module, and a material mover module.
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