CN115584925A - A drilling top drive system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling, in particular to a drilling top drive system. The utility model provides a top drive system includes balancing unit, the gear box is driven on the top, the rotating head is driven on the top, preventer, back-up tong device and rings, because the gear box is driven on the top includes lower seal assembly, lower seal assembly locates epaxial last oil blanket and lower oil cup including the cover, when the main shaft is rotatory, it rotates to go up the relative oil cup that descends of oil blanket, because be equipped with the clearance on the horizontal direction between the outer wall of lower oil cup and the inner wall of last oil blanket, adopt non-contact sealed production lower part of having avoided the main shaft promptly and irreversibly worn and torn, simultaneously because the upper portion of lower oil cup resets on vertical direction upper portion with the lower part of last oil blanket, the structure of having avoided lubricating oil to flow into the top between main shaft and the lower oil cup and driven the gear box has improved sealed effect. Because the first sealing ring is arranged between the lower oil cup and the bottom end of the accommodating cavity, the sealing effect between the lower oil cup and the gear box is improved, and lubricating oil is prevented from entering the bottom of the lower oil cup and the bottom of the gear box.

Description

A drilling top drive system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling, in particular to a drilling top drive system.

Background technique

The top drive system has a strong technical advantage in the field of oil drilling, especially in deep hole, directional hole and other construction operations. The top drive system directly drives the drill string on the top of the drill string for rotary drilling, and at the same time realizes the circulation of the mud in the hole and the lifting and lowering of the drill string. The top drive system includes a balance device, a top drive gearbox, a top drive swivel head, a blowout preventer, a back-up vise device and lifting rings. The balance device is used to balance the weight of the top drive system and is installed above the top drive gearbox. , the top drive rotary head includes a fixed shaft and a rotary shell, the fixed shaft of the top drive rotary head is installed at the bottom of the box of the top drive gearbox, the rotary shell is rotatably sleeved on the fixed shaft, and the main shaft of the top drive gearbox Extending out the top drive rotary head is used to connect with the drill pipe clamped in the back-up vise device, and the back-up vise device is fixedly connected with the rotary shell in the top drive rotary head. There is a blowout preventer between the main shaft and the drill pipe. There is a through hole inside the main shaft, and the mud is passed into the through hole. The blowout preventer is used to open or close the mud in the through hole to pass into the drill pipe. The blowout preventer is It is one of the effective equipment to prevent blowout and well kick. The lifting ring is installed on the rotating shell of the top drive rotary head. After the rotation, it drives the setting and the lifting ring on the rotating shell to realize a 360° rotation, so that the lifting ring can catch and release the pre-installed drill pipe in the mouse hole, and move to the top drive on the top drive. When operating on the second floor, the drill pipe can be grasped and released by aligning with the drill pipe discharge rack. In the drilling top drive system, the top drive gearbox is responsible for the output of the top drive speed and torque and the connection of the mud circulation channel.

The gears and bearings in the top drive gearbox need to be lubricated and cooled during operation. When the top drive gearbox seals the lubricating oil, it is limited by the linear speed of the seal. Only relying on the skeleton oil seal for sealing is not effective. Good, and some structures will cause irreversible wear to the top drive spindle due to design reasons. At the same time, the existing top drive system usually adopts the form of skeleton oil seal to prevent the leakage of the top mud and prevent the mud from entering the gearbox, but the replacement and sealing effect is not good.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a drilling top drive system, which uses a non-contact seal to avoid irreversible wear on the main shaft, and avoids high machining accuracy requirements and cost increases due to complex mechanical labyrinth seals .

(2) Technical solution

In order to achieve the above object, the main technical solutions adopted in the present invention include:

The invention provides a top drive system for drilling, which includes a balance device, a top drive gearbox, a top drive rotary head, a blowout preventer, a back-up vise device and a lifting ring. The top drive gearbox includes a main shaft and a gear box, and is characterized in that: The top drive gearbox also includes a lower sealing assembly, which is arranged in the housing chamber of the gear case and communicates with the lower opening of the housing chamber to seal the lower opening; the lower sealing assembly includes an upper oil seal and a lower oil seal sleeved on the main shaft. Cup, the upper oil seal is fixedly connected to the main shaft, the bottom of the lower oil cup is detachably connected to the housing cavity, the upper part of the lower oil cup and the lower part of the upper oil seal overlap in the vertical direction and the outer wall of the lower oil cup and the inner wall of the upper oil seal There is a gap in the horizontal direction between them; the lower sealing assembly also includes a first sealing ring, and the first sealing ring is arranged between the lower oil cup and the bottom end of the accommodating chamber.

Preferably, the lower seal assembly also includes at least one first skeleton oil seal disposed on the inner wall of the lower oil cup and an anti-wear sleeve sleeved on the outer wall of the main shaft; the first skeleton oil seal abuts against the anti-wear sleeve after being filled with oil .

Preferably, the lower oil cup includes a connected oil cup barrel and an oil cup seat; the oil cup barrel and the oil cup seat are integrally formed, the bottom end of the oil cup seat is detachably connected to the bottom end of the accommodating cavity, and the upper part of the lower oil cup is connected to the The lower part of the upper oil seal partially overlaps in the vertical direction; the first skeleton oil seal is arranged on the inner wall of the oil cup.

Preferably, the top drive gearbox also includes an upper seal assembly, which is located at the upper opening of the accommodating cavity to seal the upper opening; the upper seal assembly includes a seal cup and a shielding umbrella sleeved on the main shaft; A shaft sleeve is provided, and the outer wall of the sealing cup is provided with a spigot, and the sealing cup is set on the upper opening of the gear box through the spigot; the bottom end of the shielding umbrella is against the top of the shaft sleeve, and the outer edge of the shielding umbrella extends outward to cover the top of the sealed cup.

Preferably, the upper sealing assembly also includes at least two second skeleton oil seals arranged on the inner wall of the sealing cup; the second skeleton oil seal abuts against the shaft sleeve after being filled with oil; an oil injection hole is opened on the circumference of the sealing cup, and through the oil injection Fill the hole with oil into the second skeleton oil seal.

Preferably, the top drive rotary head includes a fixed shaft whose top end is fixedly connected with the case body of the top drive gearbox, a rotating shell rotatably sleeved on the fixed shaft, and a driven shaft coaxially fixed on the top end of the rotating shell. Gears, driving mechanism for driving the driven gear to rotate, anti-torsion plate and locking mechanism; the anti-torsion plate includes a fixed part and a connecting part connected to each other, the fixed part can be detachably connected with the box body of the top drive gearbox, and the fixed part is The ring structure is arranged coaxially with the driven gear up and down. The driving mechanism and the locking mechanism are both arranged on the connecting part; the locking mechanism includes a locking cylinder and a locking pin, and the connecting end of the cylinder rod of the locking cylinder is a spherical structure. The locking pin is provided with a ball socket matching with the spherical structure; the vertical end surface of the driven gear is provided with a positioning hole matching the locking pin, and the oil cylinder rod drives the locking pin to move up and down to insert or pull out the positioning hole.

Preferably, a first installation hole is opened on the connecting part, and the distance from the center of the first installation hole to the center of rotation of the driven gear is the same as the distance from the positioning hole to the center of rotation of the driven gear; the locking mechanism passes through the locking support Installed in the first installation hole; the center of the lock support is provided with a guide through hole, the lock pin is located in the guide through hole, and the oil cylinder rod drives the lock pin to move up and down along the guide through hole to extend or retract the guide through hole.

Preferably, the driven gear includes a plurality of positioning holes; the plurality of positioning holes are circumferentially arranged around the center of rotation of the driven gear.

Preferably, the positioning hole is a slot-shaped through hole.

Preferably, the balancing device includes a triangular lifting ring, two lifting ring connecting rods and two balance cylinders; the two lifting ring connecting rods are respectively arranged on both sides of the triangular lifting ring, and the upper end of the lifting ring connecting rod is connected One side is connected, the lower end of the lifting ring connecting rod is connected with the top drive gearbox; two balance oil cylinders are respectively arranged on both sides of the triangular lifting ring, the top of the balancing device is hinged with the triangular lifting ring, and the bottom end of the balancing device is connected with the lifting ring. The side walls of the rod are hinged; the triangular lifting ring includes a lifting ring body and a lifting ring beam of an inverted V-shaped structure, and the lifting ring beam is detachably connected to the two side walls of the lifting ring body.

(3) Beneficial effects

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

In the top drive system provided by the present invention, since the top drive gearbox includes a lower seal assembly, and the lower seal assembly includes an upper oil seal and a lower oil cup sleeved on the main shaft, when the main shaft rotates, the upper oil seal rotates relative to the lower oil cup, Since there is a gap in the horizontal direction between the outer wall of the lower oil cup and the inner wall of the upper oil seal, the non-contact seal avoids irreversible wear on the main shaft. The vertical part is reset, and the lubricating oil drips into the oil pool of the gear box along the side wall of the upper oil seal, which prevents the lubricating oil from entering the lower structure of the top drive gearbox between the main shaft and the lower oil cup and improves the sealing effect. Since the first sealing ring is provided between the lower oil cup and the bottom of the housing cavity, the sealing effect between the lower oil cup and the gear box is improved, and the lubricating oil is prevented from entering between the lower oil cup and the bottom of the gear box .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a drilling top drive system;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of balancing device;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the balancing device and the top drive gearbox;

Fig. 4 is the enlarged schematic diagram of part A in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the lower oil cup in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the upper oil seal in Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of part B in Fig. 3;

Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the installation of the top drive rotary head;

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the driving mechanism, the locking mechanism and the anti-twisting disc;

Fig. 10 is the structural representation of anti-twisting disk;

The structural representation of the driven gear of Fig. 11;

Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first state of the locking mechanism;

Fig. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second state of the locking mechanism;

Fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the locking pin.

[Description of Reference Signs]

1: Balance device; 11: Triangular lifting ring; 111: Lifting ring body; 112: Lifting ring beam; 12: Lifting ring connecting rod; 13: Balance oil cylinder; 14: Upper mounting seat; 15: Lower mounting seat;

2: top drive gearbox; 21: main shaft; 22: gear box body; 221: upper opening; 222: lower opening; 23: motor; 24: upper sealing assembly; 241: sealing cup; 2411: stop; 2412: oiling Hole; 242: umbrella; 243: second skeleton oil seal; 244: third sealing ring; 245: second oil seal spacer ring; 246: third screw; 25: lower sealing assembly; 251: upper oil seal; 252: lower oil Cup; 2521: oil cup tube; 2522: oil cup seat; 253: first frame oil seal; 254: anti-wear sleeve; 255: first oil seal spacer ring; 256: first sealing ring; 257: first screw; 258: The second sealing ring; 259: the second screw; 26: the shaft sleeve;

3: top drive rotating head; 31: fixed shaft; 32: rotating shell; 33: driven gear; 331: positioning hole; 34: driving mechanism; 341: driving support; 342: driving gear; 351: fixed part; 3511: protrusion; 352: connecting part; 3521: first mounting hole; 3522: second mounting hole; 36: locking mechanism; 361: locking cylinder; 3611: cylinder rod; 36111: spherical structure ;3612: Oil cylinder body; 36121: Buffer chamber; 362: Lock pin; 3621: Ball socket; 36211: Hemispherical groove; 36212: Guide groove; Retaining ring; 364: sensor; 365: lock support; 3651: guide through hole;

4: BOP;

5: back clamp device;

6: Hanging ring.

detailed description

In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the following will describe exemplary embodiments of the present invention in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be more clearly and thoroughly understood, and the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention provides a top drive system for drilling, which includes a balance device 1 , a top drive gearbox 2 , a top drive rotary head 3 , a blowout preventer 4 , a back clamp device 5 and a lifting ring 6 .

The balance device 1 is used to balance the weight of the drilling top drive system, and is installed above the top drive gearbox 2, wherein the top drive rotary head 3 includes a fixed shaft 31 and a rotary shell 32, and the fixed shaft 31 of the top drive rotary head 3 Installed on the bottom end of the gear box body 22 of the top drive gearbox 2, the rotating shell 32 is rotatably sleeved on the fixed shaft 31, and the main shaft 21 of the top drive gearbox 2 protrudes from the top drive rotary head 3 for use with the back tong Drill pipe connection clamped in device 5. In this embodiment, due to the limitation of the height of the derrick, the back-up vise device 5 is fixedly connected with the rotary shell 32 in the top drive rotary head 3. When the main shaft 21 needs to unscrew and unload the drill pipe, the top drive gearbox 2 drives the main shaft 21 to rotate, and the back The tong device 5 needs to drive the drill pipe to stop rotating, that is, the rotating shell 32 of the top drive rotary head 3 that is fixedly connected to the back tong device 5 needs to stop rotating.

A blowout preventer 4 is provided between the main shaft 21 and the drill pipe. A through hole is provided inside the main shaft 21, and mud is passed into the through hole. The blowout preventer 4 is used to open or close the mud in the through hole to pass into the drill pipe. , BOP 4 is one of the effective devices to prevent blowout and kick.

The lifting ring 6 is installed on the rotating shell 32 of the top drive rotary head 3, and after the rotating shell 32 rotates relative to the fixed shaft 31, it drives the lifting ring 6 arranged on the rotating shell 32 to realize a 360° rotation, so that the lifting ring 6 can catch and release the mouse hole The pre-installed drill pipes can be aligned with the drill pipe discharge rack when the top drive is moved to the second-floor operation platform.

As shown in Figure 2, the balance device 1 includes a triangular lifting ring 11, two lifting ring connecting rods 12 and two balance oil cylinders 13; the two lifting ring connecting rods 12 are respectively arranged on both sides of the triangular lifting ring 11, and the lifting rings The upper end of the connecting rod 12 is connected to one side of the triangular lifting ring 11, and the lower end of the connecting rod 12 of the lifting ring is connected to the top drive gearbox 2. Two balance oil cylinders 13 are respectively arranged on both sides of the triangular lifting ring 11. The top end is hinged with the triangular lifting ring 11 through the upper mounting base 14, and the bottom end of the balance device 1 is hinged with the side wall of the lifting ring connecting rod 12 through the lower mounting base 15. The triangular lifting ring 11 includes a lifting ring body 111 of an inverted V-shaped structure and The lifting ring beam 112 is detachably connected to the two side walls of the lifting ring body 111 respectively. Due to the detachable connection between the lifting ring beam 112 and the lifting ring body 111 , the manufacture and installation of the triangular lifting ring 11 is facilitated, and the production cost of the triangular lifting ring 11 is reduced.

As shown in Figure 3, the present embodiment provides a top drive gearbox 2, including a main shaft 21, a gear case 22, a motor 23 and a gear assembly (not shown), the inside of the gear case 22 is provided with an accommodation cavity, and the gear The upper and lower openings 221 and 222 are respectively provided on the top and the bottom of the box body 22 in the vertical direction. The upper opening 221 and the lower opening 222 communicate with the receiving chamber respectively, and the main shaft 21 passes through the upper opening 221 of the gear box body 22 in turn. , the accommodation chamber and the lower opening 222, the gear assembly is arranged in the gear box 22, and the motor 23 drives the main shaft 21 to rotate through the gear assembly.

As shown in Figures 3-4 and Figure 7, in this embodiment, the top drive gearbox 2 further includes an upper seal assembly 24 and a lower seal assembly 25, and the upper seal assembly 24 and the lower seal assembly 25 are sleeved on the main shaft 21 respectively The upper sealing assembly 24 is located at the upper opening 221 of the gear case 22 to seal the upper opening 221 , and the lower sealing assembly 25 is disposed in the accommodating cavity and located at the lower opening 222 to seal the lower opening 222 . It should be noted that an oil injection mechanism is provided inside the gear case 22 to spray lubricating oil for lubricating and cooling the gear assembly, and the sprayed lubricating oil is sealed by setting the lower sealing assembly 25 .

As shown in Figures 4-6, the lower seal assembly 25 includes an upper oil seal 251 and a lower oil cup 252 sleeved on the main shaft 21, the upper oil seal 251 is fixedly connected with the main shaft 21 through a first screw 257, and the bottom end of the lower oil cup 252 The upper part of the lower oil cup 252 overlaps with the lower part of the upper oil seal 251 in the vertical direction and a gap is provided between the outer wall of the lower oil cup 252 and the inner wall of the upper oil seal 251 in the horizontal direction. In order to improve the tightness between the oil cup seat 2522 and the inner cavity of the gear case 22, the lower sealing assembly 25 further includes a first sealing ring 256, and the first sealing ring 256 is arranged between the oil cup seat 2522 and the bottom end of the accommodation cavity To prevent the oil in the oil pool from flowing into the lower oil cup 252 from the bottom end of the oil cup seat 2522 and entering the side wall of the main shaft 21.

Since the lower sealing assembly 25 includes an upper oil seal 251 and a lower oil cup 252 sleeved on the main shaft 21, when the main shaft 21 rotates, the upper oil seal 251 rotates relative to the lower oil cup 252, and because the outer wall of the lower oil cup 252 and the upper oil seal 251 There is a gap between the inner walls in the horizontal direction, that is, non-contact seals are used to avoid irreversible wear on the main shaft 21. At the same time, because the upper part of the lower oil cup 252 and the lower part of the upper oil seal 251 are partially reset in the vertical direction, The lubricating oil drips into the oil pool of the gear case 22 along the side wall of the upper oil seal 251, which prevents the lubricating oil from entering between the main shaft 21 and the lower oil cup 252 and flows into the lower structure of the top drive gearbox 2 and improves the sealing effect. Since the first sealing ring 256 is also arranged between the lower oil cup 252 and the bottom of the housing cavity, the sealing effect between the lower oil cup 252 and the gear box is improved, and the lubricating oil is prevented from flowing from the lower oil cup 252 and the gear box. enter between the bottom.

As shown in Figure 4, in order to prevent the lubricating oil in the gear box body 22 from entering the lower oil cup 252 at a height higher than that of the lower oil cup 252, and then entering between the main shaft 21 and the lower oil cup 252, it flows into the top drive gearbox 2. The lower structure improves the sealing effect. The lower sealing assembly 25 also includes two first skeleton oil seals 253 arranged on the inner wall of the lower oil cup 252 and an anti-wear sleeve 254 sleeved on the outer wall of the main shaft 21. When lubricating oil enters After the oil cup 252 is lowered, the lubricating oil enters the first skeleton oil seal 253. At this time, the gap in the horizontal direction between the outer wall of the lower oil cup 252 and the inner wall of the upper oil seal 251 forms an oil inlet passage for the lubricating oil to enter the lower oil cup 252 , the first skeleton oil seal 253 abuts against the anti-wear sleeve 254 after being filled with oil. Moreover, due to the existence of the anti-wear sleeve 254, the first skeleton oil seal 253 will not directly contact the main shaft 21 after being filled with oil, which improves the wear resistance of the main shaft 21.

As shown in Figure 4-5, the lower oil cup 252 includes a connected oil cup barrel 2521 and an oil cup seat 2522. It is detachably connected to the bottom of the housing chamber, the upper part of the lower oil cup 252 partially overlaps the lower part of the upper oil seal 251 in the vertical direction, and the first skeleton oil seal 253 is arranged on the inner wall of the oil cup barrel 2521 .

In order to facilitate the installation of the two first skeleton oil seals 253, the lower seal assembly 25 also includes a first oil seal spacer ring 255 sleeved on the main shaft 21, the first oil seal spacer ring 255 is arranged between the two first skeleton oil seals 253, There is a gap between the first oil seal spacer ring 255 and the main shaft 21 .

During practical application, a second sealing ring 258 is provided between the upper oil seal 251 and the main shaft 21 .

In the top drive gearbox 2 provided in this embodiment, since the upper seal assembly 24 is provided, by arranging the upper seal assembly 24 on the upper opening 221 of the gear case body 22, the leakage of top mud into the inside of the gear case body 22 is avoided. Damage to the gear assembly. As shown in Figure 7, the upper sealing assembly 24 includes a sealing cup 241 and a shielding umbrella 242 sleeved on the main shaft 21. A shaft sleeve 26 is arranged between the sealing cup 241 and the main shaft 21, and the shaft sleeve 26 is connected to the main shaft through a third screw 246. 21 is fixedly connected, and the outer wall of the sealing cup 241 is provided with a notch 2411, and the sealing cup 241 is set on the upper opening 221 of the gear case 22 through the notch 2411, and the bottom end of the shielding umbrella 242 is against the top of the shaft sleeve 26 to block The outer edge of the umbrella 242 extends outward to cover the top end of the sealing cup 241 . In this embodiment, the material of the umbrella 242 is rubber.

Specifically, the upper sealing assembly 24 also includes three second skeleton oil seals 243 arranged on the inner wall of the sealing cup 241, and a second oil seal spacer ring 245 is arranged between the second and third second skeleton oil seals 243, An oil injection hole 2412 is opened on the circumference of the sealing cup 241 , and oil is injected into the second framework oil seal 243 through the oil injection hole 2412 , and the second framework oil seal 243 abuts against the shaft sleeve 26 after being filled with oil.

In this embodiment, both the shaft sleeve 26 and the anti-wear sleeve 254 ensure that there is no direct contact between the seal and the main shaft 21, which reduces the wear of the main shaft 21 and increases the service life of the main shaft 21, and the shaft sleeve 26 and the main shaft 21 The anti-wear sleeve 254 is easy to replace and reduces costs.

To prevent mud from flowing in between the sealing cup 241 and the inner wall of the upper opening 221 of the gear case 22 , a third sealing ring 244 is provided between the sealing cup 241 and the inner wall of the upper opening 221 .

As shown in Figure 1 and Figures 8-9, the top drive rotary head 3 also includes a driven gear 33, a drive mechanism 34, an anti-twist plate 35 and a locking mechanism 36, and the driven gear 33 is coaxially fixed on the top of the rotating shell 32 , the driving mechanism 34 drives the driven gear 33 to rotate and then drives the rotating shell 32 to rotate.

As shown in Figure 10, the anti-twist plate 35 includes a fixed part 351 and a connecting part 352 connected to each other, the fixed part 351 can be detachably connected with the box body of the top drive gearbox 2, the fixed part 351 is an annular structure and is connected with the driven gear 33 upper and lower coaxial settings. As shown in Figure 9, the drive mechanism 34 and the locking mechanism 36 are all arranged on the connecting portion 352 of the anti-twist plate 35, and as shown in Figure 12, the locking mechanism 36 includes a locking cylinder 361 and a locking pin 362, and the locking mechanism 36 includes a locking cylinder 361 and a locking pin 362. The oil cylinder 361 includes a connected oil cylinder body 3612 and an oil cylinder rod 3611. The connecting end of the oil cylinder rod 3611 of the locking oil cylinder 361 is a spherical structure 36111, and the locking pin 362 is provided with a ball socket 3621 matched with the spherical structure 36111. The vertical end surface of the gear 33 is provided with a positioning hole 331 matching the locking pin 362, and the oil cylinder rod 3611 drives the locking pin 362 to move up and down to insert or pull out the positioning hole 331 of the driven gear 33 so that the rotating shell 32 stops rotating. or keep turning.

In order to facilitate the installation of the anti-torsion plate 35 and the top drive gearbox 2 , the fixing portion 351 of the anti-torsion plate 35 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 3511 matching the positioning grooves at the bottom of the top drive gearbox 2 .

In this embodiment, the top drive rotary head 3, when the locking mechanism 36 works, the oil cylinder rod 3611 drives the locking pin 362 to move up and down to insert into the positioning hole 331 of the driven gear 33 so that the driven gear 33 stops rotating. When in position, the driven gear 33 will push the locking pin 362, and the locking pin 362 will provide counter torque, and the locking pin 362 will be offset. Since the connecting end of the cylinder rod 3611 is a spherical structure 36111, the locking pin 362 is provided with The matching ball socket 3621, the spherical structure 36111 is rotationally connected with the ball socket 3621, so when the lock pin 362 deflects, the cylinder rod 3611 will not deflect, thereby avoiding the lateral bending moment generated by the deflected lock pin 362 on the cylinder rod 3611 , thereby avoiding the leakage caused by the sealing failure of the clamping oil cylinder, and improving the service life of the locking mechanism 36 .

As shown in FIG. 10 , a first installation hole 3521 and a second installation hole 3522 are provided on the connecting portion 352 of the anti-twist plate 35 , and the distance from the center of the first installation hole 3521 to the center of rotation of the driven gear 33 is the same as that of the positioning hole 331 . The distances to the center of rotation of the driven gear 33 are the same. The locking mechanism 36 is installed in the first installation hole 3521 through the locking support 365, and the center of the locking support 365 is provided with a guiding through hole 3651, and the locking pin 362 is located in the guiding through hole 3651, and the oil cylinder rod 3611 drives the locking pin 362 moves up and down along the guiding through hole 3651 to extend or retract the guiding through hole 3651 . The driving mechanism 34 is arranged on the second mounting hole 3522 through the driving support 341. The driving mechanism 34 includes a driving gear 342. The output end of the driving mechanism 34 passes through the second mounting hole 3522 and is connected with the driving gear 342. The driving gear 342 is connected to the driven gear 342. The gears 33 are meshed, and when the driving gear 342 rotates, the driven gear 33 is driven to rotate so as to make the rotating shell 32 of the top drive rotating head 3 rotate.

Since the distance from the center of the first installation hole 3521 to the center of revolution of the driven gear 33 is the same as the distance from the positioning hole 331 of the driven gear 33 to the center of revolution of the driven gear 33, the vertical movement center of the locking pin 362 is guaranteed. It can be accurately inserted into the positioning hole 331 of the driven gear 33 .

As shown in Figures 12-13, the locking mechanism 36 also includes a spliced blocking ring 363, which is sleeved on the cylinder rod 3611 and fixed to the end of the locking pin 362, so that the spherical structure of the connecting end of the cylinder rod 3611 36111 is connected with ball socket 3621. As shown in Figure 14, the ball socket 3621 of the locking pin 362 includes a connected hemispherical groove 36211 and a guide groove 36212, the guide groove 36212 is a through groove with the same diameter, and the transverse diameter of the guide groove 36212 is the same as the maximum diameter of the hemispherical groove 36211 . Thus, the spherical structure 36111 of the connecting end of the oil cylinder rod 3611 extends from the guide groove 36212 into the hemispherical groove 36211, and is connected to the locking pin 362 through the spliced blocking ring 363, thereby facilitating the connection between the connecting end of the oil cylinder rod 3611 and the locking pin 362. disassembly.

As shown in FIGS. 12-13 , the locking mechanism 36 further includes a sensor 364 disposed on the locking support 365 to detect the horizontal distance between the side wall of the locking pin 362 and the sensor 364 . As shown in FIG. 14 , the locking pin 362 includes a first locking post 3622 and a second locking post 3623 connected coaxially. The diameter of the second locking post 3623 is smaller than that of the first locking post 3622 . The ball socket 3621 It is located in the first locking column 3622 . Since the diameter of the first locking post 3622 is smaller than the diameter of the second locking post 3623 and the first locking post 3622 is located above the second locking post 3623, when the locking pin 362 moves vertically to insert or pull out the driven gear 33 of the positioning hole 331, the sensor 364 detects that the distance between the side wall of the locking pin 362 is constantly changing, and the sensor 364 sends this information to the control device of the top drive system, thus, according to the sensor 364 and the locking pin 362 The distance between the side walls of the pins 362 determines whether the locking pin 362 is inserted into the positioning hole 331 of the driven gear 33 .

As shown in Figure 13, in order to provide the buffer for the cylinder rod 3611 when pulling out, avoid the top of the cylinder rod 3611 from directly contacting the top of the housing chamber of the cylinder body 3612 rigidly, and improve the service life of the locking cylinder 361. The top of the housing chamber is provided with a buffer chamber 36121, and the buffer chamber 36121 is filled with hydraulic oil, thus avoiding the rigid contact of the top of the cylinder rod 3611 with the top of the housing chamber of the cylinder body 3612 when the cylinder rod 3611 is pulled out .

As shown in FIG. 11 , the driven gear 33 includes a plurality of positioning holes 331 , and the plurality of positioning holes 331 are circumferentially arranged around the center of rotation of the driven gear 33 . In this embodiment, the positioning hole 331 is a long slot-shaped through hole, which increases the probability of the locking pin 362 being inserted into the positioning hole 331 of the driven gear 33 .

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper" and "lower" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "upper" or "lower" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, an upper feature is "on" or "under" a lower feature, and the upper and lower features may be in direct contact, or the upper and lower features may be in indirect contact through an intermediary. Moreover, the upper feature being "above", "above" and "above" the lower feature may mean that the upper feature is directly above or obliquely above the lower feature, or simply means that the upper feature is higher in level than the lower feature. The upper feature is "below", "under" and "under" the lower feature, which may mean that the upper feature is directly below or obliquely below the lower feature, or simply means that the upper feature is lower than the lower feature.

In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" refers to the A particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic is described as included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without conflicting with each other.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, those skilled in the art can make the above-mentioned The embodiments are subject to alterations, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims (10)

1. A drilling top drive system, comprising a balancing device (1), a top drive gearbox (2), a top drive swivel head (3), a blowout preventer (4), a back clamp device (5) and a lifting ring (6) , the top drive gearbox (2) includes a main shaft (21) and a gear box (22), characterized in that the top drive gearbox (2) also includes a lower seal assembly (25), the lower seal assembly (25) being arranged at the lower opening (222) in the accommodation cavity of the gear case (22) and communicating with the accommodation cavity to seal the lower opening (222); The lower sealing assembly (25) includes an upper oil seal (251) and a lower oil cup (252) sleeved on the main shaft (21), the upper oil seal (251) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (21), The bottom end of the lower oil cup (252) is detachably connected to the accommodating cavity, the upper part of the lower oil cup (252) partially overlaps with the lower part of the upper oil seal (251) in the vertical direction and the There is a gap in the horizontal direction between the outer wall of the lower oil cup (252) and the inner wall of the upper oil seal (251); The lower sealing assembly (25) further includes a first sealing ring (256), and the first sealing ring (256) is arranged between the lower oil cup (252) and the bottom end of the accommodating chamber. 2. The drilling top drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower sealing assembly (25) also includes at least one first skeleton oil seal (253) disposed on the inner wall of the lower oil cup (252) and an anti-wear sleeve sleeved on the outer wall of the main shaft (21) (254); The first skeleton oil seal (253) abuts against the anti-wear sleeve (254) after being filled with oil. 3. The drilling top drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower oil cup (252) includes a connected oil cup barrel (2521) and an oil cup seat (2522); The oil cup barrel (2521) is integrally formed with the oil cup seat (2522), the bottom end of the oil cup seat (2522) is detachably connected to the bottom end of the accommodating cavity, and the lower oil cup (252 ) partially overlaps with the lower part of the upper oil seal (251) in the vertical direction; The first skeleton oil seal (253) is arranged on the inner wall of the oil cup barrel (2521). 4. The drilling top drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top drive gearbox (2) further comprises the upper sealing assembly (24), and the upper sealing assembly (24) is located in the housing The upper opening (221) communicating with the cavity is placed to seal the upper opening (221); The upper sealing assembly (24) includes a sealing cup (241) and a shielding umbrella (242) sleeved on the main shaft (21); A shaft sleeve (26) is provided between the sealing cup (241) and the main shaft (21), the outer wall of the sealing cup (241) is provided with a notch (2411), and the sealing cup (241) passes through the The spigot (2411) is built on the upper opening (221) of the gear case (22); The bottom end of the shielding umbrella (242) abuts against the top end of the shaft sleeve (26), and the outer edge of the shielding umbrella (242) extends outwards to shield the top end of the sealing cup (241). 5. The drilling top drive system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The upper sealing assembly (24) also includes at least two second skeleton oil seals (243) arranged on the inner wall of the sealing cup (241); The second skeleton oil seal (243) abuts against the shaft sleeve (26) after being filled with oil; An oil injection hole (2412) is opened on the circumference of the sealing cup (241), and oil is injected into the second skeleton oil seal (243) through the oil injection hole (2412). 6. The drilling top drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top drive rotary head (3) includes a fixed shaft (31) at the top for fixed connection with the casing of the top drive gearbox (2) ), a rotating shell (32) rotatably sleeved on the fixed shaft (31), a driven gear (33) coaxially fixed on the top of the rotating shell (32), driving the driven gear (33) rotating driving mechanism (34), anti-twisting disc (35) and locking mechanism (36); The anti-twist plate (35) includes a fixed part (351) and a connecting part (352) connected, and the fixed part (351) can be detachably connected with the box body of the top drive gearbox (2), so The fixing part (351) has an annular structure and is coaxially arranged up and down with the driven gear (33), and the driving mechanism (34) and the locking mechanism (36) are both arranged on the connecting part (352) superior; The lock mechanism (36) includes a lock cylinder (361) and a lock pin (362), the connecting end of the cylinder rod (3611) of the lock cylinder (361) is a spherical structure (36111), and the lock A ball socket (3621) matching and connecting with the spherical structure (36111) is arranged in the positioning pin (362); The vertical end surface of the driven gear (33) is provided with a positioning hole (331) matching the locking pin (362), and the oil cylinder rod (3611) drives the locking pin (362) to move up and down. to insert or pull out the positioning hole (331). 7. The drilling top drive system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting part (352) is provided with a first installation hole (3521), and the distance from the center of the first installation hole (3521) to the rotation center of the driven gear (33) is the same as that of the positioning hole (331). ) to the same distance from the center of revolution of the driven gear (33); The locking mechanism (36) is installed in the first installation hole (3521) through the locking support (365); The center of the lock support (365) is provided with a guide through hole (3651), the lock pin (362) is located in the guide through hole (3651), and the oil cylinder rod (3611) drives the lock The pin (362) moves up and down along the guide through hole (3651) to extend or retract the guide through hole (3651). 8. The drilling top drive system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The driven gear (33) includes a plurality of positioning holes (331); A plurality of positioning holes (331) are arranged circumferentially around the center of rotation of the driven gear (33). 9. The drilling top drive system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The positioning hole (331) is a slot-shaped through hole. 10. The drilling top drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balancing device (1) comprises a triangular lifting ring (11), two lifting ring connecting rods (12) and two balancing oil cylinders (13); Two said lifting ring connecting rods (12) are arranged on the both sides of described triangular lifting ring (11) respectively, and the upper end of described lifting ring connecting rod (12) and one side of described triangular lifting ring (11) connected, the lower end of the lifting ring connecting rod (12) is connected with the top drive gearbox (2); The two balance oil cylinders (13) are respectively arranged on both sides of the triangular lifting ring (11), the top of the balancing device (1) is hinged with the triangular lifting ring (11), and the balancing device (1 ) is hinged with the side wall of the lifting ring connecting rod (12); The triangular bail (11) comprises a bail body (111) and a bail beam (112) of an inverted V-shaped structure, and the bail beam (112) is connected to the two side walls of the bail body (111) respectively. Detachable connection.

Images