CN115573710A - An evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of a drill bit by a torsion punching tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of a drill bit by a twisting tool. Based on the measured wellbore trajectory parameters, drill string structure parameters and characteristic parameters of the twisting tool, different installation positions of the twisting tool are considered, and the power of the drill string is used. The tangential vibration velocity of the drill string is obtained by the scientific analysis method, and the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit is calculated, which is used as the evaluation basis for the improvement degree of the drill bit kinetic energy, and based on this, the reasonable installation position and working frequency of the torsion punching tool are determined.

Description

An evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of a drill bit by a torsion punching tool

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil field drilling, in particular to an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of a drill bit by a torsion impact tool or a torsion impactor.

Background technique

In order to reduce the stick-slip vibration of the drill string and increase the drilling speed, more and more attention has been paid to the development and application of drilling torsional thrust tools.

The working principle of the torsion punching tool is to use part of the energy of the drilling fluid to drive the internal hammer of the torsion punching tool to hit the anvil, and generate a certain frequency of periodic impact torque to be applied to the drill string. The torsion punching tool changes the action mode of the drill bit on the formation into impact shearing, which greatly enhances the drill bit's ability to resist strong abrasiveness, high compressive strength, tight rock and poor drillability (the drillability grade is between 8 and 10). The cutting ability of the formation. The use of torsion punching tools with PDC drill bits can prolong the service life of the drill bit, eliminate the stick-slip effect, improve the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit, and achieve the goal of increasing speed and efficiency.

The mechanism by which the torsion impact tool affects the dynamics of the drill string has not yet been identified. In actual engineering, due to the unreasonable selection of installation position and working parameters, the speed-up effect of torsion punching tools is not obvious. In engineering, there is an urgent need for a quantitative evaluation method for the improvement effect of torsion punching tools on the rock breaking efficiency of drill bits.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem of drilling tool assemblies with twisting tools in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of drill bits by twisting tools, which is conducive to improving the performance of drill bits. rock breaking efficiency.

To achieve the above object, design of the present invention is:

Based on the measured wellbore trajectory parameters, drill string structure parameters and torsional impact tool characteristic parameters, considering different installation positions of torsional impact tools, the tangential vibration velocity of the drill string is obtained by using the drill string dynamics analysis method, and the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit is calculated. As the basis for evaluating the degree of kinetic energy improvement of the drill bit, and based on this, the reasonable installation position and working frequency of the torsion punching tool are determined.

According to above-mentioned inventive concept, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

An evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of a drill bit by a torsion punching tool, the steps are as follows:

(1) Measure the structural parameters of the drill string with laser measuring instruments and special gauges;

(2) Measure borehole trajectory parameters by using triaxial accelerometer, fluxgate sensor or MWD, multi-point inclinometer;

(3) Determine the performance parameters of the torsion punching tool;

(4) Establish a drill string dynamics analysis model;

(5) Calculate and obtain the torsional kinetic energy of the drill bit and the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit;

(6) Determine the installation location and operating frequency of the torsion punching tool.

Preferably, the step (1): using a measuring tool to measure the outer diameter, inner diameter, length and density of the drill string.

Preferably, the step (2): using a measurement tool to measure borehole trajectory parameters such as borehole diameter, borehole inclination, and azimuth.

Preferably, the step (3): determine the working frequency and working torque of the torsion punching tool by using a measuring tool or according to the performance parameters of the torsion punching tool provided by the manufacturer.

Preferably, the step (4): establishing a drill string dynamics analysis model, providing the drill string with an impact torque in the form of a pulse determined by the performance of the torsion punching tool at the installation position:

Where M ₀ is the impact torque of the hammer on the anvil, kN m; Δt is the contact time, s; T is the period, s; t is the time, s; n is a positive integer 1, 2, 3.... Transform it into the superimposed excitation of the Fourier series form of the corresponding node, and obtain the frequencies w _n , Hz and amplitudes A _n , kN·m of each order, and take the synthesis result of the first n order components:

M(t)＝∑A _n sinw _n t (2)

Substituting the excitation in the form of the Fourier series above into the following finite element model to calculate and determine the torsional vibration velocity of the drill string produced by the torsional impact tool:

U分别为广义加速度、广义速度、广义位移。Among them, M is the mass matrix, M _Add is the additional mass matrix, C is the damping matrix, K _L is the linear stiffness matrix, K _NL is the nonlinear stiffness matrix, F is the external force matrix,

U are generalized acceleration, generalized velocity and generalized displacement respectively.

Preferably, the step (5): calculate the rotational energy obtained by the drill bit under torsional impulse excitation with the moment of inertia and rotational speed of the drill bit:

Among them, J is the moment of inertia of the drill bit, kg·m ² , w is the torsional motion speed of the drill bit, rad/s;

Use the formula (5) to determine the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit induced by the twisting tool:

Where (t ₁ t ₂ ) is any time period, s.

Preferably, the step (6): determine the rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit under different frequencies and different installation positions of the torsion punching tool, and by comparison, determine the corresponding torque at a given frequency of the torsion punching tool on the basis of the maximum high frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit. Torque tool installation position, or determine the torque tool frequency for a given torque tool position.

Preferably, the working frequency of the torsion punching tool is between 5 and 200 Hz.

Preferably, the wellbore is a vertical well, a directional well, a horizontal well or an extended-reach well.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following obvious outstanding substantive features and significant advantages:

1. The evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of the drill bit by the twisting tool of the present invention, by decomposing the pulse excitation of the twisting tool into a multi-order sine function form, determining the torsional vibration velocity of each node of the drill string based on the drill string dynamics model, and utilizing the drill bit kinetic energy The index formula evaluates the additional energy obtained by the drill bit;

2. The present invention adjusts the installation position and operating frequency of the twisting punch tool, obtains the change situation of the drill bit kinetic energy index, and takes the maximum drill bit kinetic energy index as the judgment basis to determine the reasonable installation position and working frequency;

3. The present invention is applicable to common drill bits, drill collar size ranges and various types of torsion punching tools, as well as various types of wellbore trajectories, including vertical wells, directional wells, horizontal wells, extended reach wells, etc. The frequency of torsion punching tools is generally between 5-200Hz, the high frequency relative to the ground speed frequency is generally less than 2Hz;

4. The method of the present invention is simple and easy to implement, low in cost, and suitable for popularization and use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the operation procedure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the time-course curve of torsional shock excitation action of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the synthetic pulse excitation in the form of trigonometric function of the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows the maximum tangential velocity distribution of the drill string at different installation positions of the torsion punching tool (25 Hz) of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a variation curve of the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill corresponding to different installation positions and working frequency torsion punching tools of the present invention.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with specific implementation example, above-mentioned scheme is described further, and preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail as follows:

Embodiment one:

In this embodiment, referring to Fig. 1, a method for evaluating the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of a drill bit by a torsion punching tool, the steps are as follows:

(1) Measure the structural parameters of the drill string with laser measuring instruments and special gauges;

(2) Measure borehole trajectory parameters by using triaxial accelerometer, fluxgate sensor or MWD, multi-point inclinometer;

(3) Determine the performance parameters of the torsion punching tool;

(4) Establish a drill string dynamics analysis model;

(5) Calculate and obtain the torsional kinetic energy of the drill bit and the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit;

(6) Determine the installation location and operating frequency of the torsion punching tool.

The method in this embodiment is used as the evaluation basis for the degree of kinetic energy improvement of the drill bit, and based on this, the reasonable installation position and working frequency of the torsion punching tool are determined.

Embodiment two:

This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, especially in that:

In this embodiment, an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of a drill bit by a torsion punching tool, the steps are as follows:

1) Measure the structural parameters of the drill string: use measuring tools to measure the outer diameter, inner diameter, and length of each part of the drill string.

2) Measuring borehole trajectory parameters: use measurement tools to measure borehole trajectory parameters such as borehole diameter, inclination angle, and azimuth angle.

3) Determine the performance parameters of the torsion punching tool: use the measuring tool or according to the torsion punching performance parameters provided by the manufacturer to determine the working frequency and impact force of the torsion punching tool.

4) Establish a drill string dynamics analysis model: a pulse torque determined by the performance of the torsion punching tool is provided to the drill string at the installation position:

Where M ₀ is the impact torque of the hammer on the anvil, kN m; Δt is the contact time, s; T is the period, s; t is the time, s; n is a positive integer 1, 2, 3.... The impact time history curve of torsional impulse can be expressed in the form of Figure 1.

In order to facilitate dynamic calculation, Fourier transform is used to transform (1) into trigonometric function form:

M(t)＝∑A _n sinw _n t (2)

Pulse-form excitation M(t) is Fourier transformed to obtain frequencies w _n , Hz and amplitudes A _n , kN·m of each order, and take the synthesis result of the first n order components, as shown in Figure 2. The excitation in the form of Fourier series is substituted into the following finite element model:

U分别为广义加速度、广义速度、广义位移。计算钻柱动力学特性，获得全井钻柱在此激励下的动力学特征。取稳定波动的钻柱各节点振动参数，整理出各节点扭转振动速度，得到扭转切向速度的分布。Among them, M is the mass matrix, M _Add is the additional mass matrix, C is the damping matrix, K _L is the linear stiffness matrix, K _NL is the nonlinear stiffness matrix, F is the external force matrix,

U are generalized acceleration, generalized velocity and generalized displacement respectively. Calculate the dynamic characteristics of the drill string to obtain the dynamic characteristics of the drill string in the whole well under this excitation. The vibration parameters of each node of the drill string with stable fluctuations are taken, and the torsional vibration velocity of each node is sorted out to obtain the distribution of torsional tangential velocity.

5) Calculate and obtain the torsional kinetic energy of the drill bit and the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit: Calculate the rotational energy obtained by the drill bit under torsional impulse excitation based on the moment of inertia and rotational speed of the drill bit:

Among them, J is the moment of inertia of the drill bit, kg·m ² , w is the torsional motion speed of the drill bit, rad/s;

Use the formula (5) to determine the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit induced by the twisting tool:

Where (t ₁ t ₂ ) is any time period, s.

6) Determine the installation position and working frequency of the torsion punching tool: Determine the rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit under different frequencies and different torsion punching installation positions. Corresponds to the torque tool installation position or determines the torque tool frequency for a given torque tool position.

In this embodiment, the working frequency of the torsion punching tool is between 5 and 200 Hz. The wellbore is a vertical well, a directional well, a horizontal well or an extended-reach well.

The method of this embodiment is an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of the drill bit by the twisting tool. By decomposing the pulse excitation of the twisting tool into a multi-order sine function form, the torsional vibration velocity of each node of the drill string is determined based on the drill string dynamics model, and the kinetic energy of the drill bit is used. The index formula evaluates the additional energy obtained by the drill bit; the method of this embodiment adjusts the installation position and operating frequency of the twisting punch tool to obtain the variation of the drill bit kinetic energy index. Based on the maximum drill bit kinetic energy index, it is determined that the twist punch tool is most conducive to improving The reasonable installation position and working frequency of the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit.

Embodiment three:

This embodiment is basically the same as the above-mentioned embodiment, and the special features are:

In this example, a 3000m vertical well was drilled using a drill tool assembly with dual stabilizers and Power-V tools. The method of this patent application is used to evaluate the reasonable installation position and reasonable working frequency of the torsion punching tool.

Implementation process:

1) By measuring parameters such as inner diameter, outer diameter, and length, the drill tool structure is obtained as follows:

Φ333.4mm drill bit*0.4m+Φ228.6mm drill collar*18m+Φ331mm stabilizer*1.95m+Φ228.6mm drill collar*9m+Φ331mm stabilizer*1.95m+Φ228.6mm drill collar*45m+Φ203.2mm drill Collar*135m+Φ139.7mm drill pipe.

The inner diameter of the drill collar is 76mm, and the inner diameter of the drill pipe is 108mm.

2) Consult the drilling design to obtain the wellbore structure:

Φ365.1mm surface casing*500m+Φ333.4mm naked eye.

3) The measured torsional impact torque of the torsion punching tool is 1500N·m, and the working frequency is between 4 and 25Hz.

4) The measured density of the drill string material is 7.9×10 ³ kg/m ³ , and the elastic modulus is 201GPa.

5) Place the torsion punching tool at a distance of 3m, 9m, 13.5m, 24.45m and 28.3m from the drill bit, and use different frequencies of 4Hz, 5Hz, 10Hz, 20Hz, and 25Hz for the calculation of the torsion punching tool, and multiple frequencies are given here , for comparison, to determine the vibration characteristics of the drill bit and the kinetic energy index of the drill bit under different parameter combinations.

6) The high-frequency vibration of the torsion punching tool will cause high-frequency torsional motion of the nearby drill string. As shown in Figure 4, the torsional tangential velocity reaches the maximum at the node where the torsion punching tool is installed, and gradually weakens to both sides; Under the action of frequency and excitation force, when the torsional impact tool is installed in different positions, the extreme value and distribution range of the torsional velocity are significantly different, taking 25Hz torsion impact as an example.

7) The torsional kinetic energy index of the drill bit can be calculated from the extreme value of the torsional velocity and the parameters of the drill bit. As shown in Figure 5, it can be seen that the high-frequency torsional excitation can make the drill bit obtain greater torsional kinetic energy, and the farther the distance between the torsional punch installation position and the drill bit is Recently, the higher the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy obtained by the drill bit is. For this embodiment, the working frequency is 25 Hz, and the installation location, that is, the distance from the drill bit is less than 10 m is the best.

This embodiment is an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of a drill bit by a torsion punching tool. The method is: based on the measured wellbore trajectory parameters, drill string structure parameters and torsional impact tool characteristic parameters, considering different installation positions of the torsional impact tool, using the drill string dynamics analysis method to obtain the tangential vibration velocity of the drill string, and calculating the high frequency of the drill bit The rotational kinetic energy index is used as the evaluation basis for the improvement of the kinetic energy of the drill bit, and based on this, the reasonable installation position and working frequency of the torsion punching tool are determined.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and various changes can also be made according to the purpose of the invention of the present invention. The changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations or simplifications should all be equivalent replacement methods, as long as they meet the purpose of the invention, as long as they do not deviate from the technical principle and inventive concept of the invention, they all belong to the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. An evaluation method for improving high-frequency rotation kinetic energy of a drill bit by a torsional impact tool is characterized by comprising the following operation steps:

(1) Measuring structural parameters of the drill column by using a laser measuring instrument, a special gauge and the like;

(2) Measuring borehole trajectory parameters by using a triaxial accelerometer, a fluxgate sensor or an MWD, single-point and multi-point inclinometer;

(3) Determining performance parameters of a torsional impact tool;

(4) Establishing a drill column dynamic analysis model;

(5) Calculating to obtain the torsional kinetic energy of the drill bit and the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit;

(6) And determining the installation position and the working frequency of the torsional impact tool.

2. The evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotation kinetic energy of the drill bit by the torsional impact tool according to claim 1, wherein the step (1): and measuring the outer diameter, the inner diameter, the length and the density of the drill string by using the measuring tool.

3. The evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotation kinetic energy of the drill bit by the torsional impact tool according to claim 1, wherein the step (2): and measuring borehole trajectory parameters such as the borehole diameter, the borehole inclination angle, the azimuth angle and the like by using the measuring tool.

4. The evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotation kinetic energy of the drill bit by the torsional impact tool according to claim 1, wherein the step (3): and determining the working frequency and the working torque of the twisting and punching tool by using a measuring tool or according to the performance parameters of the twisting and punching tool provided by a manufacturer.

5. The method for evaluating the torsional impact tool to improve the high-frequency rotation kinetic energy of the drill bit according to claim 1, wherein the step (4): the drill string is provided with a percussion torque in the form of pulses at the installation site, which is determined by the performance of the twist-and-impact tool:

wherein M is ₀ The impact torque of the impact hammer to the anvil block is kN.m; Δ t is the contact time, s; t is the period, s; t represents time, s; n is positive integer 1, 2, 3 \8230; \ 8230;. Converting the frequency into the Fourier series form superposition excitation of corresponding nodes to obtain the frequency w of each order _n Hz and amplitude A _n kN · m, the synthesis result of the first n-th order component is taken:

M(t)＝∑A _n sinw _n t (2)

and (3) substituting the excitation in the Fourier series form into the following finite element model to calculate and determine the torsional vibration speed of the drill string generated by the torsional impact tool:

where M is a mass matrix, M _Add As an additional mass matrix, C as a damping matrix, K _L Is a linear stiffness matrix, K _NL Is a nonlinear stiffness matrix, F is an external force matrix,

u is generalized acceleration, generalized velocity and generalized displacement respectively.

6. The evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotation kinetic energy of the drill bit by the torsional impact tool according to claim 1, wherein the step (5): and calculating the rotation energy of the drill bit under the torsional excitation according to the rotational inertia and the rotational speed of the drill bit:

wherein J is the moment of inertia of the drill bit, kg.m ² W is the torsional movement speed of the drill bit, rad/s;

determining the high-frequency rotation kinetic energy index of the drill bit induced by the torsional impact tool by using the formula (5):

wherein (t) ₁ t ₂ ) Is an arbitrary time period, s.

7. The method for evaluating the torsional impact tool to improve the high-frequency rotation kinetic energy of the drill bit according to claim 1, wherein the step (6): and determining the drill bit rotation kinetic energy indexes under different frequencies and different twisting and punching tool mounting positions, and determining the corresponding twisting and punching tool mounting position under the given twisting and punching tool frequency or the twisting and punching tool frequency under the given twisting and punching tool position by taking the maximum drill bit high-frequency rotation kinetic energy index as a basis through comparison.

8. The method for evaluating the torsional impact tool to improve the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of the drill bit according to claim 1, wherein the torsional impact tool has a working frequency of 5 to 200Hz.

9. The method for evaluating the torsional impact tool to improve the high-frequency rotation kinetic energy of the drill bit according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the well bore is a vertical well, a directional well, a horizontal well or an extended reach well.

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