CN115553346A - A new tea drying device and drying method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of tea processing, and in particular relates to a novel tea drying device and drying method. The novel tea drying method provided by the present invention utilizes the gradient difference of temperature in hair-fire drying, foot-fire drying and Titian drying, and simultaneously utilizes that the humidity in Titian drying is lower than that in Foot-fire drying, and the humidity in Foot-fire drying is lower than that in Foot-fire drying. Humidity is lower than that of rough fire drying, and make full use of the waste heat in Titian drying and foot fire drying, so as to rapidly increase the temperature in foot fire drying and hair fire drying and reduce the temperature in foot fire drying and hair fire drying respectively. humidity. In addition, the present invention also provides a novel tea drying device using the novel tea drying method. Experimental results show that, with the method and device, the spatial distribution of the temperature field in the dryer is uniform, which significantly improves the aroma, appearance quality and uniformity of the tea.

Description

A new tea drying device and drying method

This application is a divisional application of a multi-stage thermal cycle drying method and device for Gongfu black tea, and the application date of the original application document is 20160603, the application number is CN201610389049.X, and the invention name is a multi-stage thermal cycle drying method for Gongfu black tea and devices.

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of tea processing, in particular to a novel tea drying device and drying method.

Background technique

Confucian black tea is a unique tea in my country, showing a long strip shape. Its drying process is divided into three stages: rough fire, foot fire and Titian. The water removal amount and drying temperature of each stage decrease in turn. At present, in the drying of black tea, the three stages work independently, and the hot air carries the evaporated water vapor directly out of the fermentation box, resulting in waste of heat energy.

At present, the existing tea aroma enhancing machines in China are mainly composed of a box with a door with an air inlet and a moisture outlet, a fan, a rotating tea tray bracket installed in the cavity of the box, heating elements, temperature sensors and a control panel. cabinet etc. The new patent with publication number CN201207892Y discloses a tea aroma enhancing machine used in tea processing, which can effectively guarantee the quality of tea processing. The tea aroma extractor includes a box body with a door, a fan, a heating element, a temperature sensor and a controller. The temperature sensor is electrically connected, and a hot air circulation system communicating with the inner cavity is arranged on the box body. Secondly, the air duct is composed of interlayers arranged on the inner wall of the box, and the inlet and outlet of the air duct communicate with the inner cavity of the box respectively. The external cold air of this model can be preheated by the temperature of the box body to increase the heating speed and stability of the hot air, but it still cannot guarantee the temperature difference between the layers of the space, and the waste heat still needs to be discharged outside the box body, resulting in energy waste; The patent with the publication number of CN112450287A discloses a multi-stage circulation drying device for black tea processing, which includes a hair fire box, and foot fire boxes are welded on both sides of the hair fire box, between the foot fire box and the hair fire box. The room is connected by a ventilation pipe, a drying assembly is placed inside the fire box, a blower box is welded on the top of the fire box, and a blower fan is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the blower box. The side wall of the blower box is provided with an air intake mechanism, and evenly distributed electric heating pipes are arranged under the fan, and a ventilation pipe two is connected between the blower box and the hair fire box, and the surface of the two ventilation pipes is provided with electromagnetic Valve 1: Through the cooperation between the ventilation pipes, not only can the air circulation from the first fire box to the full fire box and then back to the main fire box be realized, but also the air flow from the full fire box to the first fire box and then back to the full fire box can be realized. Circulation, can switch the direction of air circulation according to the difference between the drying time of the hair fire and the drying time of the foot fire, satisfy the operation of alternating cycles, and reduce the discharge of hot air to the outside. The drying device does not involve the aroma enhancing mechanism and process, although To a certain extent, the problem of heat is improved, but the aroma of tea leaves cannot be guaranteed.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a novel tea drying device and drying method for the above problems.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical proposals: a novel tea drying device, the novel tea drying device includes a rough fire dryer, a foot fire dryer and a fragrant drying machine; the hair fire dryer, foot fire dryer The dryer and the Titian dryer are connected in turn through the connecting air duct; the hot air discharged from the exhaust port of the Titian dryer is transported to the Zuhuo dryer through the connecting duct through the fan, and the exhaust port of the Zuhuo dryer The exhausted hot air is sent to the hair dryer through the fan through the connecting air pipe;

The fan is followed by a dehumidifier and a heater, and the hot air is heated by the heater after the dehumidifier removes part of the humidity. The dehumidifier removes part of the humidity in the hot air flow, and the heater increases the heat of the hot air flow, so as to make full use of the waste heat generated in the Titian dryer and Zuhuo dryer.

Preferably, the dehumidifier includes a dehumidifier housing, a slot and a drying box, the drying box is detachably arranged in the slot, the drying box is used to hold desiccant, and the surface of the drying box is provided with a screen hole;

There are multiple slots on the dehumidifier, the slot ports are square, the slot ports are set on the upper surface of the shell, one end of the drying box is arc-shaped, and the screen hole can be round or square, which increases the contact of the desiccant area, further improving the dehumidification performance.

Preferably, a rotary frame is arranged in the hair dryer, foot fire dryer and Titian dryer, and the rotary frame is driven by a motor arranged on the top of the dryer;

There are multiple layers of rings on the rotating frame, and a connecting rod is arranged in the middle of the ring for stabilizing the rotating frame.

Preferably, an air duct is arranged in the hair dryer, the foot fire dryer and the Titian dryer, and the air duct divides the hot air flow into two streams and sprays from both sides of the dryer to the middle, and the air duct The jet cover is provided at the tail end of the umbrella, and the jet cover includes an umbrella surface and a pole. The angle between the umbrella surface and the hot air flow sprayed onto the umbrella surface is 75° to 90°. The present invention divides the hot air flow into Two streams, and spray from both sides of the dryer to the middle, and set a jet cover at the end of the air duct, so as to improve the degree of back-mixing of the hot air in the dryer and improve the uniformity of the spatial distribution of the temperature field in the dryer.

Preferably, arc diversion surfaces are provided at the joints between the four surfaces of the rough fire dryer, foot fire dryer and Titian dryer along the hot air flow direction, and the diameter of the diversion arc surfaces is 10- 20cm. The present invention sets guide arc surfaces at the joints between the four surfaces along the direction of the hot air flow in the dryer, so as to prevent the hot air from circulating unsmoothly in the dryer, resulting in uneven spatial distribution of the temperature field, such as excessive local temperature. The condition is generated, and two upper and lower circulating eddies are formed in the dryer to ensure that the heat energy and temperature in the box are evenly distributed.

The shell walls of the hair fire dryer, foot fire dryer and Titian dryer are all cavity structures, and the cavity is filled with heat storage balls, and at least two layers of heat storage balls can be placed in the cavity. The present invention By filling the cavity of the dryer with heat storage balls, the heat storage and heat release performance of the heat storage balls can effectively stabilize the uniformity of the temperature field in the vertical and horizontal spaces in the drying box.

The bottoms of the rough fire dryer, foot fire dryer and Titian dryer are respectively provided with 4 universal wheels.

Preferably, the novel tea drying device further includes a control system for controlling the heater and the motor.

A kind of novel tea drying method, described novel tea drying method comprises the following steps:

(1) Add the fermented Gongfu black tea raw material into the rough fire dryer and carry out rough fire treatment;

(2) adding the raw material of Kungfu black tea after the rough fire treatment of the rough fire dryer into the full fire dryer and carrying out the full fire treatment;

(3) adding the Kungfu black tea raw material after the foot-fire treatment of the foot-fire dryer into the fragrance-timing dryer and carrying out the fragrance-lifting process;

At the same time as steps (1), (2) and (3) occur, the hot air flow discharged from the exhaust port of the Titian dryer flows into the foot fire dryer to recover its energy, and the exhaust air of the foot fire dryer The hot air discharged from the air port flows into the hair dryer to recover its energy.

Preferably, the temperature inside the hair dryer is set at 120-130°C, the temperature inside the foot-fire dryer is set at 95-105°C, and the temperature inside the Titian dryer is set at 85-95°C.

Preferably, when the moisture content of the fermented Gongfu black tea raw material is dried to 15-20%, the raw fire drying is completed, the raw material of the Gongfu black tea is taken out and cooled to room temperature, and then added to the sufficient fire dryer for sufficient fire drying; When the moisture content of the black tea raw material is dried to 5-8%, the full fire drying is completed, take it out and cool it to room temperature, and then add it to the aroma-eliminating dryer for aroma-increasing treatment; The fragrance is finished, and the cycle drying is completed.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

The novel tea drying device and the novel tea drying method provided by the present invention utilize the gradient difference in temperature in rough fire drying, foot fire drying and Titian drying, and utilize the humidity in Titian drying to be lower than the humidity in Foot fire drying, The humidity in foot fire drying is lower than that in rough fire drying, and the residual heat in Titian drying and foot fire drying is fully utilized to rapidly increase the temperature in foot fire drying and hair fire drying and reduce foot fire drying And the humidity in hair drying. Experimental results show that, with the method and device, the spatial distribution of the temperature field in the dryer is uniform, which significantly improves the aroma, appearance quality and uniformity of the tea.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of novel tea drying device provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of a kind of novel tea drying device provided by the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the perspective view of the drying machine of a kind of novel tea drying device provided by the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the front sectional view of a kind of novel tea drying device provided by the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a jet cover of a novel tea drying device provided by the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the dehumidifier of a kind of novel tea drying device provided by the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a front view of a drying box of a novel tea drying device provided by the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a drying box of a novel tea drying device provided by the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a simulation diagram of the temperature field inside the dryer of a novel tea drying device provided by the present invention;

In the figure: 1-Maohuo dryer; 2-Zuhuo dryer; 3-Titian dryer; 41-connection; 42-fan; 43-dehumidifier; 431-dehumidifier shell; 432-slot; 433 -drying box; 434-screen; 44-heater; 45-air duct; 46-jet cover; 461-umbrella; Body; 7- heat storage ball; 8- universal wheel; 9- sliding door; 10- rotating frame; 11- motor; 12- control system.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1-9, the embodiment of the present invention provides a new type of tea drying device, including rough fire dryer 1, foot fire dryer 2 and Titian dryer 3, hair fire dryer 1, foot fire dryer 2 It is connected with the Titian dryer 3 in turn through the connecting air duct 41; the hot air flow discharged from the exhaust port 47 of the Titian dryer 3 is transported to the Zuhuo dryer 2 through the connecting duct 41 through the fan 42, and the Zuhuo dryer The hot air flow discharged from the exhaust port of 2 is sent to the hair dryer 1 through the fan 42 through the connecting air pipe 41.

After the fan 42, a dehumidifier 43 and a heater 44 are arranged in sequence. The hot air flow passes through the dehumidifier 43 to remove part of the humidity and then is heated by the heater 44. Machine 1, the present invention removes part of the humidity in the hot air flow through the dehumidifier 43, and increases the heat of the hot air flow through the heater 44, thereby making full use of the waste heat generated in the Titian dryer 3 and the foot fire dryer 2. .

The dehumidifier 43 includes a dehumidifier housing 431 , a slot 432 and a drying box 433 . The drying box 433 is detachably arranged in the slot 432 . The drying box 433 is used to contain desiccant. The surface of the drying box 433 is provided with a mesh 434 .

The dehumidifier is provided with a plurality of slots 432, the ports of the slots 432 are square, the slot ports 432 are arranged on the upper surface of the housing 431, one end of the drying box 433 is arc-shaped, and the mesh 434 can be round or square. The contact area of the desiccant is increased to further improve the dehumidification performance.

A rotary frame 10 is arranged in the hair dryer 1, foot fire dryer 2 and Titian dryer 3, and the rotary frame 10 is driven by a motor 11 arranged on the top of the dryer;

The swivel frame 10 is provided with multi-layer rings, and the middle part of the ring is provided with a connecting rod for stabilizing the swivel frame.

Air duct 45 is arranged in Maohuo dryer 1, Zuhuo dryer 2 and Titian dryer 3. Air duct 45 divides the hot air flow into two streams and sprays from both sides of the dryer to the middle. The tail end of air duct 45 The jet cover 46 is set, the jet cover 46 comprises an umbrella surface 461 and a pole 462, the angle between the umbrella surface 461 and the hot air flow sprayed onto the umbrella surface is 75°～90°, the present invention divides the hot air flow into two parts by setting the air duct 45 and spray from both sides of the dryer to the middle, and at the same time set a jet cover 46 at the end of the air duct 45, thereby improving the degree of back-mixing of the hot air in the dryer and improving the uniformity of the spatial distribution of the temperature field in the dryer .

The connection between the four surfaces along the hot air flow direction in the Maohuo dryer 1, Zuhuo dryer 2 and Titian dryer 3 is provided with a diversion arc surface 5, the diameter of the diversion arc surface 5 is 10-20cm, The present invention sets guide arc surface 5 at the connection between the four surfaces along the hot air flow direction in the dryer, so as to prevent the hot air flow from circulating in the dryer smoothly and cause the local temperature to be too high and the spatial distribution of the temperature field to be uneven. A uniform state is produced, and two upper and lower circulating eddies are formed in the dryer to further ensure that the heat energy and temperature in the box are evenly distributed.

The shell walls of Maohuo Dryer 1, Zuhuo Dryer 2 and Titian Dryer 3 are cavity structures, and the cavity 6 is filled with heat storage balls 7, and at least two layers of heat storage balls 7 can be placed in the cavity , the present invention can effectively stabilize the uniformity of the temperature field in the vertical and horizontal spaces in the drying box by filling the cavity of the dryer with heat storage balls 7, and the heat storage and heat release performance of the heat storage balls 7.

Four universal wheels 8 are respectively arranged at the bottom of the hair dryer 1, the foot dryer 2 and the Titian dryer 3, and sliding doors 9 are respectively arranged on the sides.

A rotary frame 10 is arranged in the hair fire dryer 1, the foot fire dryer 2 and the Titian dryer 3, and the rotary frame is driven by a motor 11 arranged on the top of the dryer.

The novel tea drying device also includes a control system 12 for controlling the heater 44 and the motor 11 .

A novel method for drying tea leaves, comprising the steps of:

(1) Add the fermented Gongfu black tea raw material into the rough fire dryer and carry out rough fire treatment;

(2) adding the raw material of Kungfu black tea after the rough fire treatment of the rough fire dryer into the full fire dryer and carrying out the full fire treatment;

(3) adding the Kungfu black tea raw material after the foot-fire treatment of the foot-fire dryer into the fragrance-timing dryer and carrying out the fragrance-lifting process;

At the same time as steps (1), (2), and (3) occur, the hot air flow from the exhaust port of the Titian dryer flows into the foot fire dryer, and the hot air flow from the exhaust port of the foot fire dryer is discharged The hot air flows into the rough fire dryer, and the hot air discharged from the exhaust port of the rough fire dryer is directly discharged to the external environment.

The temperature in the hair dryer is set to 120°C, the temperature in the foot fire dryer is set to 105°C, and the temperature in the Titian dryer is set to 90°C.

When the moisture of the fermented Gongfu black tea raw materials is dried to 20%, the raw fire drying is completed. Take out the raw materials of Gongfu black tea and cool them to room temperature, then add them to the foot fire dryer for foot fire drying; When it reaches 8%, the sufficient fire drying is completed, take it out and cool it to room temperature, and then add it to the Titian dryer for aromatherapy treatment; after the Kung Fu black tea raw material is fragrant in the Titian dryer for 60 minutes, the aromatherapy is completed, and the cycle drying is completed.

According to the process parameters of the traditional split box dryer (120°C for raw fire, 105°C for full heat, 1 hour for 90°C to enhance aroma), the finished Gongfu black tea is made. At the same time, compared with the new tea drying machine and process of the present invention, and using the black tea national standard sensory evaluation method for review, the finished product of Gongfu black tea obtained by the new tea drying method provided by the present invention: the appearance is more uniform than the traditional drying, indicating that the temperature is even It ensures the degree and consistency of tea shrinkage and shaping during drying; the aroma comment is relatively pure, indicating that the flow of hot air promptly removes the waste gas generated in the formation of heat-sensitive volatile aroma, and the uniform temperature field ensures the uniform and mellow aroma of tea. At the same time, the numerical simulation analysis of computer heat-fluid-solid coupling shows that the temperature field and flow field distribution in the drying box are uniform, as shown in Figure 9.

Table 1 Comparison of expert sensory evaluation scores of processing methods

The specific implementation above is used to explain the present invention, and it is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, rather than restricting the present invention. Within the spirit of the present invention and the scope of protection of the claims, any modifications and equivalent replacements made to the present invention , improvements, etc., all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A novel tea drying device comprises a gross fire dryer, a full fire dryer and a fragrance-extracting dryer; the drying machine is characterized in that the gross fire drying machine, the full fire drying machine and the aroma-raising drying machine are sequentially connected through a connecting air pipe; hot airflow discharged from the exhaust port of the aroma raising dryer is conveyed into the full fire dryer through the connecting air pipe by the fan, and the hot airflow discharged from the exhaust port of the full fire dryer is conveyed into the gross fire dryer through the connecting air pipe by the fan;

the hot air flow heated by the heater is introduced into the foot fire dryer or the gross fire dryer.

2. The novel tea leaf drying device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dehumidifier comprises a dehumidifier casing, a slot and a drying box, the drying box is detachably arranged in the slot, the drying box is used for containing a drying agent, and the surface of the drying box is provided with sieve holes;

the dehumidifier is provided with a plurality of slots, slot ports are square, the slot ports are arranged on the upper surface of the shell, one end of the drying box is arc-shaped, and sieve pores can be round or square, so that the contact area of the drying agent is increased.

The inside of the gross fire dryer, the inside of the full fire dryer and the aroma-improving dryer are provided with rotating frames, and the rotating frames are driven by a motor arranged at the top of the dryers.

3. The novel tea drying device according to claims 1 and 2, wherein an air duct is arranged in the gross fire drying machine, the full fire drying machine and the aroma raising drying machine, the air duct divides hot air flow into two parts and sprays the hot air flow from two side surfaces of the drying machine to the middle part, a jet flow cover is arranged at the tail end of the air duct, the jet flow cover comprises an umbrella cover and a supporting rod, and an included angle between the umbrella cover and the hot air flow sprayed to the umbrella cover is 75-90 degrees.

4. The novel tea leaf drying device as claimed in claim 3, wherein a flow guiding arc surface is arranged at the connection between four surfaces along the direction of hot air flow in the gross fire drying machine, the full fire drying machine and the aroma improving drying machine;

the shell walls of the gross fire dryer, the full fire dryer and the aroma raising dryer are all of cavity structures, heat storage balls are filled in the cavities, and at least two layers of heat storage balls can be placed in the cavities;

the bottom of the gross fire dryer, the bottom of the full fire dryer and the bottom of the fragrance-extracting dryer are respectively provided with 4 universal wheels.

5. A drying method based on the novel tea drying device of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the novel tea drying method comprises the following steps:

(1) Adding the fermented congou black tea raw material into a gross fire dryer for gross fire treatment;

(2) Adding the congou black tea raw material subjected to the gross fire treatment by the gross fire dryer into a full fire dryer for full fire treatment;

(3) Adding the congou black tea raw material subjected to the full fire treatment of a full fire dryer into a fragrance-enhancing dryer for fragrance enhancement;

and (3) introducing the hot air flow discharged from the exhaust port of the aroma raising dryer into the full fire dryer to recover the energy of the hot air flow while the steps (1), (2) and (3) are carried out, and introducing the hot air flow discharged from the exhaust port of the full fire dryer into the gross fire dryer to recover the energy of the hot air flow.

6. A novel tea leaf drying method according to claim 5, wherein the temperature in the gross fire dryer is set to 120-130 ℃, the temperature in the full fire dryer is set to 95-105 ℃, and the temperature in the aroma improving dryer is set to 85-95 ℃.

7. A novel tea leaf drying method as claimed in claim 5, wherein when the moisture of the fermented congou black tea raw material is dried to 15-20%, the raw congou black tea raw material is dried by gross fire, and then the congou black tea raw material is taken out, cooled to room temperature, and then added into a full fire dryer to be dried by full fire; drying the congou black tea raw material in a sufficient fire dryer until the moisture content is 5-8%, taking out the congou black tea raw material after the sufficient fire drying is finished, cooling the congou black tea raw material to room temperature, and adding the congou black tea raw material into a fragrance extraction dryer for fragrance extraction treatment; and after the raw material of the congou black tea in the aroma-extracting dryer is subjected to aroma extraction for 30-120 min, finishing the aroma extraction and finishing the circulating drying.

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