CN115529949A - Agricultural machine straw reducing mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of straw crushing, in particular to a straw crushing device for agricultural machinery, comprising a crushing box, the left side of the crushing box is connected with a feeding bin, and the outer wall of the rotating ring is evenly provided with a plurality of cutting blades, and the rotating The ring is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft, and a plurality of cutting blades are rotatably arranged at the connection between the feeding bin and the crushing box. The right side wall of the crushing box is connected with the output shaft of the motor fixed on the crushing box. The symmetrical crushing rollers are installed inside the crushing box through the rotating shaft. Elastic guide plates are arranged above the crushing rollers. elastic screen, and the two ends of the elastic screen are respectively connected to the left and right side walls of the crushing box; the present invention can not only prevent the clogging of long-length green storage straws when they are directly crushed, but also improve the The crushing quality and crushing efficiency of stored straw.

Description

An agricultural machinery straw crushing device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of straw crushing, in particular to an agricultural machinery straw crushing device.

Background technique

Straw is the main by-product of crops and an important biological resource in industry and agriculture. Crop straw is rich in nutrients and can be used as fertilizer, feed, living fuel and raw materials for industrial production, etc., referred to as "four materials".

When it is necessary to crush the harvested silage straw, especially for the silage straw with a relatively long length and a certain humidity, such as corn silage straw or sorghum silage straw, because the length of this silage straw is relatively long It is long and has a certain humidity. Therefore, if the existing crushing device is used for direct crushing instead of cutting first and then crushing, it will easily lead to uneven crushing and blockage of the green storage straw when crushing in the crushing box 1. The phenomenon, and then the crushing efficiency and crushing quality of the silage straw by the existing agricultural machinery straw crushing device.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural machine straw crushing device to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an agricultural machinery straw crushing device, including a crushing box, the left side of the crushing box is connected with a feed bin, and a discharge bin is provided under the right side of the crushing box. There is a cutting and crushing mechanism inside the crushing box. The cutting and crushing mechanism is used to cut the silage straw fed into the crushing box into segments first, and then crush it. The crushed silage straw It is discharged out of the crushing box through the discharge port.

Further, the cutting and crushing mechanism includes a rotating ring, a cutting blade, a rotating shaft, a support rod, a crushing roller, a rotating shaft, an elastic guide plate and an elastic screen, and a plurality of cutting blades are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating ring, and The rotating ring is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft, and a plurality of the cutting blades are rotatably arranged at the junction of the feeding bin and the crushing box, and the rotating shaft is rotatably supported on the top wall of the crushing box by a plurality of support rods, and the rotating shaft The other end passes through the right side wall of the crushing box and is connected to the output shaft of the motor fixed on the crushing box. The symmetrical crushing roller is arranged inside the crushing box through the rotation shaft, and it is located below the cutting piece. The above-mentioned rotating shaft carries out opposite meshing transmission through the meshing gear arranged on the rear side of the crushing box, and an elastic guide plate is arranged above the symmetrical crushing rollers, and one end surface of the elastic guide plate is fixed on the side wall of the crushing box, and the other side of the elastic guide plate The end face is suspended above the crushing roller, and an elastic screen is arranged below the symmetrical crushing roller, and the two ends of the elastic screen are respectively connected to the left and right side walls of the crushing box, and the front side wall of the crushing box A transparent window is provided, and the transparent window is aligned with the elastic screen.

Further, the lower end surface of the crushing box is fixed to the moving plate, and the discharge port is provided with a conveyor belt. The support frame is rotatably supported on the upper surface of the moving plate, and the conveyor belt is driven and rotated by being connected with the rotating shaft through the motor output shaft fixedly installed on the side of the crushing box.

Further, multiple groups of rapping and shaking mechanisms are arranged inside the crushing box, and the rapping and shaking mechanisms include rapping rods, support blocks, limit blocks, rapping blocks and extrusion bumps, and the symmetrical rapping The rod slides vertically through the elastic guide plate and the elastic screen, and the bottom end surface of the rapping rod is suspended from the upper surface of the conveyor belt. The outer wall of the symmetrical rapping rod is slidingly sleeved with a support block, and the support block is fixed on the crushing On the inner wall of the box, a limit block is fixed on the outer wall of the rapping rod, and the limit block is located above the support block. The limit block and the support block are directly connected by a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the rapping rod. Above, the rapping rod is fixed with a plurality of rapping blocks, and the plurality of rapping blocks are respectively slid and attached to the outer walls on both sides of the elastic guide plate and the elastic screen, and the outer surface of the conveyor belt is uniformly arranged There are a plurality of extrusion protrusions, and the plurality of extrusion protrusions are in rotational extrusion contact with the bottom end surface of the rapping rod.

Further, a counterweight is provided on the rapping block above the elastic guide plate and the elastic screen, and the counterweight is in sliding contact with the upper surfaces of the elastic guide plate and the elastic screen.

Further, the lower surface of the rapping block located on the upper surface of the elastic guide plate and the elastic screen is provided with a cavity ring surrounded by an elastic film, and the cavity ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the rapping rod, and the lower surface of the cavity ring is Connected with the elastic guide plate and the elastic screen, a side wall of the cavity ring is provided with a plurality of downward-sloping air injection holes.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1. In the present invention, by setting a cutting piece with a certain rotation speed at the connection between the feed bin and the crushing box, the longer length of silage straw can be cut into sections first, and then introduced to the counter-rotating crushing roller through the elastic guide plate. Between them, the counter-rotating crushing rollers can crush the segmented silage straw, and the crushed silage straw will be screened through the elastic screen to collect and store the qualified silage straw, so as not to The crushing rollers are required to directly crush the silage straw with a small length, which can not only prevent the clogging and jamming of the long silage straw between the crushing rollers, but also improve the impact of the crushing roller on the long-length silage straw. The crushing quality and crushing efficiency of silage straw.

2. The present invention slides and inserts the rapping rod and the rapping block in the vertical direction between the elastic guide plate and the elastic screen to cooperate with each other. , will make the elastic guide plate and the elastic screen continuously swing and shake up and down, and then can vibrate and clean the silage straw powder adhered to the surface of the elastic guide plate and the elastic screen, so that the elastic guide plate can segregate the cut section The silage straw is quickly and smoothly exported downwards, and at the same time, the qualified silage straw and powder silage straw remaining on the surface of the elastic screen can be quickly discharged to prevent the elastic screen from being blocked.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of crushing box of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of A in Fig. 2 of the present invention.

In the figure: 1, crushing box; 11, discharge port; 2, feeding bin; 3, cutting and crushing mechanism; 31, rotating ring; 32, cutting piece; 33, rotating shaft; 34, support rod; 35, crushing roller; 36. Rotating shaft; 37. Elastic guide plate; 38. Elastic screen; 4. Moving plate; 5. Conveyor belt; 6. Support frame; , limit block; 74, rapping block; 75, extrusion bump; 76, counterweight block; 8, cavity ring; 81, jet hole.

detailed description

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the present invention provides a technical solution for an agricultural machinery straw crushing device: it includes a crushing box 1, the left side of the crushing box 1 is connected with a feed bin 2, and the right side of the crushing box 1 There is a discharge port 11 below the surface, and a cutting and crushing mechanism 3 is arranged inside the crushing box 1, and the cutting and crushing mechanism 3 is used to first cut the silage straw fed into the crushing box 1 into segments, and then Carry out crushing treatment, and the crushed green storage straw is discharged out of the crushing box 1 through the discharge port 11; during work, when it is necessary to crush the harvested green storage straw, especially for those that are relatively long in length and have a certain Humid silage stalks, such as corn silage stalks or sorghum silage stalks, because such silage straws are long in length and have a certain degree of humidity, if the existing crushing device is used for direct crushing instead of first The way of crushing after cutting will easily lead to uneven crushing and blockage of the green storage straw when crushing in the crushing box 1, and then the crushing efficiency and quality of the crushing of the green storage straw by the existing agricultural machinery straw crushing device; , when the corn silage stalks need to be crushed, the operator first puts the corn silage stalks into the opening of the feed bin 2, and then slowly pushes the corn silage stalks so that the corn silage straws pass through the feed bin 2. The cutting piece 32 set at the connection with the crushing box 1 first cuts the corn silage stalks into equal length segments, and then falls down in the crushing box 1 between the symmetrical crushing rollers 35 to carry out the crushing operation. The crushed corn The silage straw is discharged and collected through the discharge port 11, and the present invention arranges a cutting and crushing mechanism 3 in the crushing box 1, so that the cutting and crushing mechanism 3 can first cut the relatively long silage straw into equal-length segments. Green storage straw, and then crushing the section-shaped green storage straw, not only can prevent the clogging of the longer length of the green storage straw when it is directly crushed, but also can improve the crushing quality and crushing quality of the longer length of the green storage straw. s efficiency.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the cutting and crushing mechanism 3 includes a rotating ring 31, a cutting blade 32, a rotating shaft 33, a support rod 34, a crushing roller 35, a rotating shaft 36, an elastic guide plate 37 and an elastic screen cloth 38. The outer ring wall of the rotating ring 31 is evenly provided with a plurality of cutting pieces 32, and the rotating ring 31 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft 33, and the plurality of cutting pieces 32 are rotatably arranged at the connection between the feeding bin 2 and the crushing box 1 , the rotating shaft 33 is rotatably supported on the top wall of the crushing box 1 by a plurality of support rods 34, and the other end of the rotating shaft 33 passes through the right side wall of the crushing box 1 and is connected with the output shaft of the motor fixed on the crushing box 1 The symmetrical crushing roller 35 is rotated inside the crushing box 1 through the rotating shaft 36, and it is located below the cutting piece 32, and the symmetrical rotating shaft 36 is oppositely engaged by the meshing gear arranged on the rear side of the crushing box 1 transmission, above the symmetrical crushing rollers 35 are provided with an elastic guide plate 37, and one end face of the elastic guide plate 37 is fixed on the side wall of the crushing box 1, and the other end face is suspended above the crushing rollers 35, symmetrical The bottom of the crushing roller 35 is provided with an elastic screen 38, and the two ends of the elastic screen 38 are respectively connected to the left and right side walls of the crushing box 1, and a transparent window is provided on the front side wall of the crushing box 1, and The transparent window is aligned with the elastic screen 38; during work, when the crushing device is required to crush the silage straw, the operator first moves the crushing device to a suitable position, and then connects the power to the crushing device, through the control on the crushing device The box starts the work of multiple motors installed on the crushing box 1, and then the silage straw is sent into the feed bin 2, and the motor on the right side of the crushing box 1 drives the rotating shaft 33 to rotate, so that multiple cutting blades 32 can be rotated. The inner opening of the feed bin 2 rotates, and when the silage straw moves to the position of the rotating cutting piece 32, the rotating cutting piece 32 will cut the silage straw into segments, and the rotation of the cutting piece 32 can Part of the adsorption force is generated to absorb and cut the silage straw in the feed bin 2, and after cutting, the section-shaped silage straw will fall along the elastic guide plate 37 and fall between the crushing rollers 35 driven by two gears meshing with each other. , the counter-rotating crushing roller 35 will crush the section-shaped silage straw, and the crushed silage straw will fall onto the elastic screen 38 for screening. After crushing, a large amount of qualified silage straw will pass through the elastic screen 38 fall into the bottom of the crushing box 1, and then discharged through the discharge port 11, and a small part of unqualified green storage straw will remain on the elastic screen 38, and the operator can observe the residual green straw on the elastic screen 38 through the transparent window. At the same time, when the crushing box 1 is not working, the transparent window of the head is opened regularly, and the unqualified silage straw remaining on the elastic screen 38 is taken out to prevent the unqualified silage straw from piling up on the elastic screen 38 after crushing. The phenomenon that the elastic screen 38 is blocked; therefore, the present invention can first cut the longer length of silage straw by setting the cutting piece 32 with a certain rotation speed at the junction of the feed bin 2 and the crushing box 1 , and then pass the elastic The guide plate 37 is introduced between the counter-rotating crushing rollers 35, and the counter-rotating crushing rollers 35 can crush the section-shaped silage straw after being crushed, and the crushed silage straw will be screened through the elastic screen 38 Qualified silage straws are collected and stored, and there is no need for the crushing roller 35 to directly crush the smaller silage straws, which can not only prevent the longer length silage straws from being blocked and stuck between the crushing rollers 35 The dead phenomenon can also be improved simultaneously by the pulverizing roller 35 to the pulverizing quality and pulverizing efficiency of the long silage straw.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the lower end surface of the crushing box 1 is fixed on the moving plate 4, the discharge port 11 is provided with a conveyor belt 5, and the rotating shaft 33 at one end of the conveyor belt 5 is rotatably mounted on the crushing plate 4. The side wall of the box 1, and the rotating shaft 33 at the other end of the conveyor belt 5 is rotatably supported on the upper surface of the moving plate 4 through the support frame 6, and the conveyor belt 5 is connected to the rotating shaft 33 through the motor output shaft fixedly installed on the side of the crushing box 1 to drive When working, when the crushed silage stalks falling through the elastic screen 38 fall onto the conveyor belt 5, the motor on the side of the crushing box 1 will drive the conveyor belt 5 through the rotating shaft 33 inside the crushing box 1 and move the plate 4 rotates above, therefore, the rotation of the conveyor belt 5 will transport the silage straw falling on the surface to the outside of the crushing box 1, at this time, the operator can place a collection box or other collection items on the upper surface of the moving plate 4, therefore, the conveyor belt 5 The qualified silage straw crushed in the crushing box 1 can be transported to the collection frame for collection and storage, thereby improving the crushing efficiency of the straw crushing device.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, multiple groups of rapping and shaking mechanisms 7 are arranged inside the crushing box 1, and the rapping and shaking mechanisms 7 include a rapping rod 71, a support block 72, a limit block 73, and a rapping block. 74 and extruding lug 75, the rapping rod 71 of symmetry vertically slides through the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic screen 38, and the bottom end surface of the rapping rod 71 is suspended from the upper surface of the conveyor belt 5, and the symmetrical The outer wall of the rapping rod 71 is slidingly sleeved with a support block 72, and the support block 72 is fixed on the inner wall surface of the crushing box 1, and the outer wall of the rapping rod 71 is fixed with a limit block 73, and the limit block 73 is located at Above the supporting block 72, the limiting block 73 and the supporting block 72 are directly connected by a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the rapping rod 71, and a plurality of rapping blocks 74 are fixedly arranged on the rapping rod 71, and A plurality of rapping blocks 74 are slidably attached to the outer wall surfaces on both sides of the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic screen 38, and the outer surface of the conveyor belt 5 is evenly provided with a plurality of extruded bumps 75, and a plurality of extruded The bump 75 rotates and squeezes into contact with the bottom end surface of the rapping rod 71; during work, because the silage straw has a certain amount of moisture, the silage straw is introduced into the crushing roller 35 through the elastic guide plate 37 in the section shape of the cutting piece 32 When crushing and falling on the elastic screen 38 by the crushing roller 35, the silage stalks will adhere or accumulate on the elastic guide plate 37 or the elastic screen 38, which will cause blockage on the surface of the elastic guide plate 37 or the elastic screen 38 phenomenon; when the conveyor belt 5 continuously transports the crushed silage straw, the extrusion bump 75 on the upper surface of the conveyor belt 5 will squeeze the bottom end of the vibrating rod, so that the vibrating rod 71 is pushed upwards, And when the rapping bar 71 slides upwards inside the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic screen cloth 38, the stop block 73 can slide upwards synchronously now, and the spring on the lower surface of the stop block 73 is in a stretched state, and the rapping bar 71 goes up simultaneously. When sliding, the rapping block 74 positioned at the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic screen cloth 38 below can bump into the lower surface of the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic screen cloth 38, and the rapping block 74 positioned at the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic screen cloth 38 upper surface Disengagement with it will cause the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic screen cloth 38 to swing upwards, and when the conveyor belt 5 continues to rotate so that the extrusion projection 75 breaks away from the upward extrusion of the rapping rod 71, at this time, the rapping rod 71 is in the The restorative force of the spring on the lower surface of the stop block 73 can slide downwards, so that the rapping block 74 positioned above the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic screen cloth 38 can hit its upper surface downwards. Therefore, when a plurality of extrusion protrusions 75 When the rapping rod 71 is pushed up and out of contact with the continuous gap, the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic screen 38 will continuously swing and shake up and down, so that the silage straw adhered to the surface of the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic screen 38 can be removed. The crushed powder is vibrated and cleaned, so that the elastic guide plate 37 can quickly and smoothly export the cut section-shaped silage straw downwards, and at the same time, it can simultaneously remove the qualified silage straw and powder silage straw remaining on the surface of the elastic screen 38 Rapid discharge to prevent clogging of the elastic screen 38 The phenomenon.

As shown in Figure 3, a counterweight 76 is arranged on the rapping block 74 above the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic screen cloth 38, and the counterweight 76 is in sliding contact with the upper surface of the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic screen cloth 38 During work, when the rapping rod 71 continuously slides up and down in the vertical direction of the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic mesh plate, when the rapping block 74 above slides downward, the counterweight 76 provided inside it will increase the rapping Block 74 will be the rapping force on the surface of elastic guide plate 37 and elastic screen cloth 38, and then increase the shaking effect of elastic guide plate 37 and elastic screen cloth 38, so that elastic guide plate 37 can carry out stable diversion to segmental silage straw, while elastic The sieve 38 can quickly screen the pulverized silage straw; and the counterweight 76 arranged inside the rapping block 74 above will accelerate the downward sliding of the rapping rod 71 to prevent the rapping rod 71 from sliding on the elastic guide plate 37. The friction with the elastic screen 38 is too large, causing the rapping rod 71 to not be able to move downward stably and rapidly, thereby affecting the stable rapping effect of the rapping rod 71 driven by the rapping block 74 on the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic screen 38 .

As shown in Figure 3, the lower surface of the rapping block 74 located on the upper surface of the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic screen 38 is provided with a cavity ring 8 surrounded by an elastic film, and the cavity ring 8 is sleeved on the rapping rod 71 The outer wall, the lower surface of the cavity ring 8 is connected with the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic screen 38, and the side wall surface of the cavity ring 8 is provided with a plurality of gas injection holes 81 inclined downward; When the rapping block 74 is driven by the upward sliding of the rapping rod 71 from the surface of the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic screen 38, the rapping block 74 will drive the cavity ring 8 to pull upwards, so that the inside of the cavity ring 8 The volume of the ring increases, so that the cavity ring 8 will suck the surrounding gas into the interior through the gas injection hole 81, and when the rapping rod 71 slides down, the rapping block 74 above slides down and hits the elastic guide plate 37 and When the surface of the elastic screen 38 is on the surface, the rapping block 74 and the internal counterweight 76 will slide down synchronously to squeeze the cavity ring 8, so that the cavity ring 8 is compressed, and the cavity ring 82 will not rise. To play the role of cushioning, and make the gas inside it spray out through the air injection holes 81, so that the silage straw fragments with excessive adhesion on the surface of the elastic guide plate 37 and the elastic screen 38 can be shaken and blown together. The fast detachment and discharge can further reduce the clogging phenomenon of the elastic guide plate 37 or the elastic screen 38 .

Working principle: When the crushing device is required to crush the silage straw, the operator first moves the crushing device to a suitable position, then connects the power to the crushing device, and starts the multiple A motor works, and then after the silage straw is sent into the inside of the feeding bin 2, the motor on the right side of the crushing box 1 drives the rotating shaft 33 to rotate, so that a plurality of cutting pieces 32 can be placed at the inner opening of the feeding bin 2. Rotate, when the silage straw moves to the position of the rotating cutting piece 32, the rotating cutting piece 32 will cut the silage straw into a segmented silage straw, and the rotation of the cutting piece 32 can generate part of the adsorption force to feed the bin 2 The silage straw inside is adsorbed and cut, and after cutting, the section-shaped silage straw will fall along the elastic guide plate 37 and fall between the crushing rollers 35 that are driven by two gears meshing with each other. Therefore, the counter-rotating crushing rollers 35 will Segment-shaped silage straws are crushed, and the crushed silage straws will fall onto the elastic screen 38 for screening. After crushing, a large amount of qualified silage straws will fall through the elastic screen 38 to the bottom of the crushing box 1. When the crushed silage stalks falling through the elastic screen 38 fell onto the conveyor belt 5, the motor on the side of the crushing box 1 would drive the conveyor belt 5 to rotate inside the crushing box 1 and above the moving plate 4 through the rotating shaft 33. , the rotation of the conveyor belt 5 will transport the fallen silage straw to the outside of the crushing box 1. At this time, the operator can place a collection box or other collection items on the upper surface of the mobile plate 4, and a small part of the unqualified silage straw will be crushed. Residue on the elastic screen 38, the operator can observe the residual silage straw on the elastic screen 38 through the transparent window, and at the same time, when the crushing box 1 is not working, open the transparent window of the head regularly, and remove the residual stalks on the elastic screen 38. Qualified silage straws are taken out to prevent unqualified silage straws from accumulating on the elastic screen 38 after crushing, which will cause the elastic screen 38 to be blocked.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. An agricultural machine straw crushing device, comprising a crushing box (1), characterized in that, the left side of the crushing box (1) is connected with a feed bin (2), and the right side of the crushing box (1) There is a discharge port (11) below the surface, and a cutting and crushing mechanism (3) is arranged inside the crushing box (1), and the cutting and crushing mechanism (3) is used for crushing the blueberries sent into the crushing box (1). The stored straw is first cut into segments and then pulverized, and the pulverized green storage straw is discharged out of the crushing box (1) through the discharge port (11). 2. An agricultural machinery straw crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cutting and crushing mechanism (3) includes a rotating ring (31), a cutting piece (32), a rotating shaft (33), a support rod ( 34), crushing roller (35), rotating shaft (36), elastic guide plate (37) and elastic screen cloth (38), the outer ring wall surface of described rotating ring (31) is evenly provided with a plurality of cutting blades (32), And the rotating ring (31) is fixedly connected with the end of the rotating shaft (33), and a plurality of said cutting blades (32) are rotatably arranged at the junction of the feeding bin (2) and the crushing box (1), and the rotating shaft (33 ) is rotatably supported on the top wall of the crushing box (1) by a plurality of support rods (34), and the other end of the rotating shaft (33) passes through the right side wall of the crushing box (1) and is fixed on the crushing box (1) The output shaft of the upper motor is connected, and the symmetrical crushing roller (35) is rotated through the rotating shaft (36) and is installed inside the crushing box (1), and it is located below the cutting blade (32), and the symmetrical rotating shaft ( 36) Through the meshing gears provided on the rear side of the crushing box (1) for opposite meshing transmission, elastic guide plates (37) are arranged above the symmetrical crushing rollers (35), and one end surface of the elastic guide plates (37) is fixed On the side wall of the crushing box (1), and its other end surface is suspended above the crushing roller (35), an elastic screen (38) is arranged below the symmetrical crushing roller (35), and the elastic screen The two ends of (38) are respectively connected to the left and right side walls of the crushing box (1), and a transparent window is provided on the front side wall of the crushing box (1), and the transparent window is aligned with the elastic screen (38). 3. An agricultural machinery straw crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower end surface of the crushing box (1) is fixed on the moving plate (4), and the discharge port (11) is set Conveyor belt (5) is arranged, and the rotating shaft (33) of described conveyer belt (5) one end is rotatably installed on the crushing box (1) side wall, and the rotating shaft (33) of conveyer belt (5) other end passes support frame (6) Rotationally supported on the upper surface of the moving plate (4), the conveyor belt (5) is driven and rotated by being connected with a motor output shaft fixedly installed on the side of the crushing box (1) and a rotating shaft (33). 4. An agricultural machinery straw crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: multiple groups of rapping and shaking mechanisms (7) are arranged inside the crushing box (1), and the rapping and shaking mechanisms (7) It includes a rapping rod (71), a support block (72), a limit block (73), a rapping block (74) and an extruding protrusion (75), and the symmetrical rapping rod (71) slides vertically through Pass the elastic guide plate (37) and the elastic screen cloth (38), and the bottom end surface of the rapping bar (71) is suspended in the air with the upper surface of the conveyor belt (5), and the outer wall of the symmetrical rapping bar (71) is slidingly socketed There is a support block (72), and the support block (72) is fixed on the inner wall surface of the crushing box (1), and the limit block (73) is fixed on the outer wall of the rapping rod (71), and the limit block (73 ) above the support block (72), the limit block (73) is directly connected to the support block (72) by a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the rapping rod (71), and the rapping rod (71) A plurality of rapping blocks (74) are fixedly arranged on the top, and the plurality of rapping blocks (74) slide and fit respectively on the outer wall surfaces on both sides of the elastic guide plate (37) and the elastic screen (38), and the conveyor belt The outer surface of (5) is uniformly provided with a plurality of extruding protrusions (75), and the plurality of extruding protrusions (75) are in rotational extrusion contact with the bottom end surface of the rapping rod (71). 5. The straw crushing device for agricultural machinery according to claim 4, characterized in that: the rapping block (74) above the elastic guide plate (37) and the elastic screen (38) is provided with a counterweight (76), and the counterweight (76) is in sliding contact with the upper surface of the elastic guide plate (37) and the elastic screen cloth (38). 6. An agricultural machinery straw crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the lower surface of the rapping block (74) located on the upper surface of the elastic guide plate (37) and the elastic screen (38) is provided with an elastic The cavity ring (8) surrounded by the film, and the cavity ring (8) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rapping rod (71), the lower surface of the cavity ring (8) is connected with the elastic guide plate (37) and the elastic screen (38) is connected, and a side wall surface of the cavity ring (8) is provided with a plurality of gas injection holes (81) inclined downward.

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