CN115505839A - High-nitrogen high-strength high-toughness H13 die steel and short-process continuous casting and rolling production process thereof - Google Patents
High-nitrogen high-strength high-toughness H13 die steel and short-process continuous casting and rolling production process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000519995 Stachys sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr]#N CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
- B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/1206—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for plastic shaping of strands
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/32—Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses high-nitrogen high-strength and high-toughness H13 die steel and a short-process continuous casting and rolling production process thereof, and belongs to the field of die steel. The chemical components of the material are as follows by weight percent: 0.36 to 0.40%, si:1.00 to 1.20%, mn:0.40 to 0.50%, cr:5.10 to 5.50%, mo:1.40 to 1.50%, V:0.80 to 1.00%, al:0.015 to 0.040%, P: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, T.O: less than or equal to 10ppm, [ H ]: less than or equal to 1.0ppm, [ N ]: 400-500 ppm, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements. The production process comprises electric arc furnace/converter smelting, LF refining, RH vacuum treatment, continuous casting, rolling and heat treatment, and the final mechanical property of the obtained steel meets the following requirements: the hardness is more than or equal to 46HRC, the transverse impact energy KV2 (normal temperature) is more than or equal to 14J, and the longitudinal impact energy KV2 (normal temperature) is more than or equal to 19J.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of die steel, and particularly relates to high-nitrogen high-strength and high-toughness H13 die steel and a short-process continuous casting and rolling production process thereof, which are suitable for manufacturing hot-rolled tube-penetrating core rods, shield cutters and the like.
Background
The equipment manufacturing industry in China, particularly the development of high-end manufacturing, puts high requirements on die-casting die steel, and the large-scale, precise and long-service life of the die-casting die steel are important characteristics of high quality of the die-casting die steel. Thermal fatigue resistance and the like are direct factors determining the service life of die casting, and can be indirectly reflected by tensile strength, hardness, fracture toughness and impact performance. Among them, the impact property is considered as a key index for determining the quality of H13 steel and is also used as a key index for judging grade in the NADCA207-2016 standard. The H13 steel has higher impact toughness on the premise of ensuring certain use hardness (more than or equal to 45 HRC), and the method is an important guarantee for achieving the expected use effect and the service life.
After many years of research, scientists have developed effective ways to improve the toughness of H13 die steel materials, but it is often the case that the toughness of the steel is improved while the hardness is reduced, and vice versa. For example, the high temperature quenching plus low temperature tempering method can improve the strength and hardness of the steel, but reduce the toughness; conversely, low temperature quenching plus high temperature tempering can increase the toughness of the steel while reducing its strength and hardness. The impact toughness of high-quality H13 steel used in the market at present is usually within 10J under the condition of obtaining normal use hardness, and the short service life and the high production cost of the die are caused by the insufficient toughness. How to reasonably design the components and the structure of the steel and optimize the production process of the steel so as to improve the overall service performance and the service life of the H13 steel is a target always pursued in the industry.
Through retrieval, the application number 2020108964829 discloses a high-toughness high-hardness die steel and a preparation method thereof, wherein the die steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c:0.70 to 0.85%, si:0.10 to 0.40%, mn: 0.30-0.70%, cr: 4.85-5.30%, mo: 2.25-2.55%, V: 0.40-0.70%, P <0.02%, S <0.003% and the balance Fe. The application sets the content of C between the components of hot-work die steel and cold-work die steel, can improve the hardenability and hardenability of materials, and can form alloy carbide at the same time, thereby improving the wear resistance; the Si content is reduced to improve the toughness of the material; the Cr content is kept the same as that in the hot-work die steel H13, the V content is reduced, the Mo content is increased, the generation of V-containing eutectic carbide can be reduced, the influence on the toughness is reduced, and the material is ensured to have better tempering softening resistance. Also, as disclosed in application No. 2009102375241, a method for improving the performance of H13 die steel by adding nitrogen is disclosed, which improves the chemical composition of conventional H13 steel, improves the strength, hardness and wear resistance of steel by adding solid solution nitrogen element without reducing toughness, wherein the nitrogen element is added by adding chromium nitride intermediate alloy, and the melting temperature is controlled to be within 50 ℃ above the melting point, and the alloy is rapidly cast after being completely melted. However, the application has strict conditions, can not be applied to large-scale production operation at all, and has no guiding significance for practical production.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the current situation that the comprehensive performance of the obdurability of the H13 steel still has a larger space for improvement at present, the invention provides the high-nitrogen high-obdurability H13 die steel and the short-flow continuous casting and rolling production process thereof, and the final heat treatment state mechanical property of the H13 die steel provided by the invention meets the following requirements: the hardness is more than or equal to 46HRC, the transverse impact energy KV2 (normal temperature) is more than or equal to 14J, and the longitudinal impact energy KV2 (normal temperature) is more than or equal to 19J.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
The invention relates to high-nitrogen high-strength high-toughness H13 die steel which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.36 to 0.40%, si:1.00 to 1.20%, mn:0.40 to 0.50%, cr:5.10 to 5.50%, mo:1.40 to 1.50%, V:0.80 to 1.00%, al:0.015 to 0.040%, P: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, T.O: less than or equal to 10ppm, [ H ]: less than or equal to 1.0ppm, [ N ]: 400-500 ppm, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
The principle of component design is as follows:
c: the carbon content affects the hardness, hardenability, toughness, heat resistance, etc. of the hot work die steel. The solid dissolution of carbon in hot work die steel into the matrix can produce a solid solution strengthening effect, and in the case of tool steel, a part of carbon in steel enters the matrix of steel to cause solid solution strengthening. Another portion of the carbon will combine with the carbide-forming elements of the alloying elements into alloyed carbides. For hot-work die steel, the alloy carbide is required to be dispersed and precipitated on a quenched martensite matrix during tempering to generate a secondary hardening phenomenon, so that the hardness of the steel is improved, and the performance of the hot-work die steel is determined by the uniformly distributed residual alloy carbide and the structure of the tempered martensite. The carbon content should be maintained at a level that will form a small amount of alloy carbides. The content of C is controlled between 0.36 and 0.40 percent.
Si: silicon is a very effective element for replacing solid solution strengthening, but when strengthening, the toughness and plasticity of steel are reduced, and the content of silicon is generally controlled within the range required by steel deoxidation. Silicon also improves the temper and thermal stability of H13 steel. From the energetic perspective, as the silicon content in the steel increases, the tempering transformation activation energy increases, thereby improving the tempering stability; from the viewpoint of retained austenite, silicon can increase the amount of retained austenite and the carbon content therein, and during the heat preservation, part of carbon atoms are distributed to undecomposed austenite when the retained austenite is decomposed, thereby improving the thermal stability of austenite. Therefore, the Si content is controlled to 1.00 to 1.20%.
Mn: the steel contains a certain amount of manganese, has strong affinity with sulfur, can form sulfide MnS with certain plasticity, and can avoid forming low-melting-point sulfide FeS on a crystal boundary, so that the harmful effect of sulfur is reduced or eliminated, and the performance of the steel is improved. Manganese also has a solid-solution strengthening effect on the steel matrix, and can increase the hardness and strength of ferrite and austenite, and although it is a weak strengthening element, it is a beneficial element because it hardly impairs the ductility of steel. Manganese is used as a weak carbide forming element and can replace iron in cementite Fe3C to form alloy cementite (Fe, mn) 3C, and the formation of the alloy cementite (Fe, mn) can reduce the free energy of the system and enable the system to be in a more stable state. In addition, the manganese dissolved into the austenite can strongly increase the hardenability of the steel and also strongly reduce the Ms point of the steel; manganese can cause a reduction in the critical temperature of the die steel. Therefore, the Mn content is controlled to be 0.40-0.50%.
Cr: chromium has a favorable effect on the wear resistance, high temperature strength, hot hardness, toughness and hardenability of the steel. In addition, the corrosion resistance of the steel is obviously improved by dissolving the chromium into the matrix, and the oxidation resistance of the steel is improved by enabling an oxidation film to become compact by matching a certain amount of chromium and silicon. Part of chromium in the alloy tool steel is dissolved into the steel to play a solid solution strengthening role, and the other part of chromium is combined with carbon, exists in the forms of (FeCr) 3C, (FeCr) 7C3 and M23C6 according to the chromium content, and influences the performance of the steel in the forms of different precipitated phases during tempering. The Cr content is controlled to be 5.10-5.50%.
Mo: molybdenum is melted in an iron matrix and has a solid-solution strengthening effect, and dissolution in austenite improves the hardenability of steel. Molybdenum may also act as a secondary hardening alloying element due to precipitation of martensite during tempering. In order to generate the secondary hardening effect, the addition amount of the molybdenum is required to be not less than 1.0 percent, and the effect close to the extreme value can be obtained when the molybdenum is added to 3.0 percent; when the amount is 2.0 to 2.5%, the most economical and effective effect can be obtained.
V: the main functions of vanadium in the alloy tool and die steel are grain refinement, overheating sensitivity reduction, tempering stability and wear resistance increase, and therefore the service life of the tool and die is prolonged. Vanadium is the primary secondary hardening element in conventional hot and cold work die steels. The vanadium content in the tool and die steel generally fluctuates in the range of 0.1 to 5%. For structural steel, vanadium has a strong affinity with nitrogen, so that vanadium can fix nitrogen in steel to form VN, so that the aging tendency of steel can be reduced or eliminated, and the existence of nitrogen in steel is not only harmless but also beneficial. The content of V is controlled to be 0.80-1.00%.
Al: aluminum is an effective deoxidizer, alN refined grains can be formed, when the content of Al is lower than 0.010 percent, the effect is not obvious, and excessively high Al is easy to form coarse inclusions and simultaneously reduce the content of VN, thus deteriorating the performance of steel. Therefore, the Al content should be controlled to 0.015 to 0.040%.
[ N ]: nitrogen can form a compound with V, B, ti, al and the like to refine grains. Meanwhile, trace nitrogen can promote V (C, N) precipitation, increase the quantity and stability of H13 steel quenching undissolved carbides, reduce the size of eutectic carbides such as Cr23C6 and the like as nucleation cores, improve the comprehensive performance of the die steel by increasing the functions of fine grain strengthening and precipitation strengthening, and improve the hardness and toughness of the material. Meanwhile, the consumption of V can be reduced, and the cost is reduced. Controlling the [ N ] to be 400-450 ppm.
P and S: the sulfur is easy to form MnS inclusion with manganese in the steel, so that the steel generates hot brittleness; p is an element with strong segregation tendency, increases the cold brittleness of steel, reduces the plasticity and is harmful to the uniformity of the product structure and performance. P is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.010 percent, and S is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.005 percent.
T.O and [ H ]: forming oxide inclusions in the steel by the T.O, and controlling the T.O to be less than or equal to 10ppm; [H] white spots are formed in steel, the product performance is seriously influenced, and the [ H ] is controlled to be less than or equal to 1.0ppm.
The high-nitrogen high-strength high-toughness H13 die steel is produced by a short-flow continuous casting and rolling process, and specifically comprises the following steps of electric arc furnace/converter smelting, LF refining, RH vacuum treatment, continuous casting, rolling and heat treatment, wherein nitrogen is used as a carrier in the whole smelting process, and RH dynamic nitrogen adjustment is performed, so that the high-nitrogen high-strength high-toughness H13 die steel has the advantages of low-cost nitrogen increase and dynamic nitrogen content adjustment, a tail end electromagnetic stirring and light and heavy pressure reduction process is added in the continuous casting process to improve carbide segregation and refine the structure, a continuous casting billet is subjected to hot charging after being discharged, the charging temperature is more than or equal to 550 ℃, the heating and heat preservation are performed at the temperature of 1220-1260 ℃ of a heating furnace for high-temperature diffusion for more than or equal to 6 hours, then rolling is performed, the uniformity of carbide in the billet is improved through the hot charging and high-temperature diffusion processes, and the rolling start-rolling temperature is optimized: 1100-1150 ℃, the finishing temperature is 900-950 ℃, the rolled steel is quickly moved into a slow cooling pit through a cooling bed for slow cooling, the pit entry temperature is more than or equal to 650 ℃, the pit exit temperature is less than or equal to 100 ℃, annealing is completed within 24 hours, the uniformity of the structure is improved through deformation and temperature control in the rolling process, the structure stress is reduced, and the defect of the material is avoided. The heat treatment process is quenching and secondary tempering after spheroidizing annealing. Specifically, spheroidizing annealing: keeping the temperature at 860 +/-10 ℃ and then cooling along with the furnace; quenching temperature: oil cooling quenching at 1030 +/-10 ℃; tempering temperature: air cooling at 570 +/-10 deg.C.
The high-nitrogen high-toughness H13 die steel produced by the process has the final mechanical properties meeting the following requirements: the hardness is more than or equal to 46HRC, the transverse impact energy KV2 (normal temperature) is more than or equal to 14J, and the longitudinal impact energy KV2 (normal temperature) is more than or equal to 19J.
3. Advantageous effects
The H13 die steel produced by adopting the short-process continuous casting and rolling process has the following final heat treatment state mechanical properties: compared with the prior art, the hardness is more than or equal to 46HRC, the transverse impact energy KV2 (normal temperature) is more than or equal to 14J, and the longitudinal impact energy KV2 (normal temperature) is more than or equal to 19J, the invention realizes the high toughness of the traditional H13 product by introducing high-nitrogen component design and short-process smelting and continuous casting and rolling heat treatment process optimization, the final toughness of the product is more than or equal to 14J, and the final toughness is greatly higher than the level (more than or equal to 10J) of high-grade high-quality H13 in the NADCA207-2016 standard. Meanwhile, the production is carried out by low-cost nitrogen-increasing smelting and short-process continuous casting and rolling processes, the manufacturing cost of the product is low, and the process is far superior to the traditional die casting and electroslag remelting process in the aspect of economy. And the hot rolled product is applied to manufacturing of hot rolled tube-piercing mandrels, shield cutters and the like, the mandrel dropping block and cutter tipping are greatly improved compared with the previous product, and the service life is greatly prolonged.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
The following table 1 shows the composition design of steel grades of each example and comparative example of the present invention, table 2 shows the main processing technology of each example and comparative example, and table 3 shows the final properties of the steel grades obtained by each corresponding example and comparative example.
Table 1: steel grade composition design of each example and comparative example
| C/％ | Si/％ | Mn/％ | Cr/％ | Mo/％ | V/％ | Al/％ | P/％ | S/％ | T.O/ppm | [H]/ppm | [N]/ppm | |
| Example 1 | 0.38 | 1.05 | 0.42 | 5.18 | 1.42 | 0.86 | 0.019 | 0.004 | 0.003 | 9 | 0.5 | 468 |
| Example 2 | 0.37 | 1.04 | 0.43 | 5.17 | 1.45 | 0.85 | 0.020 | 0.005 | 0.003 | 10 | 0.6 | 435 |
| Example 3 | 0.37 | 1.06 | 0.45 | 5.18 | 1.43 | 0.85 | 0.020 | 0.006 | 0.002 | 9 | 0.5 | 418 |
| Example 4 | 0.38 | 1.04 | 0.43 | 5.17 | 1.44 | 0.86 | 0.021 | 0.005 | 0.001 | 9 | 0.5 | 450 |
| Example 5 | 0.37 | 1.05 | 0.44 | 5.18 | 1.43 | 0.86 | 0.019 | 0.004 | 0.002 | 8 | 0.6 | 439 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.38 | 1.10 | 0.45 | 5.20 | 1.45 | 1.01 | 0.025 | 0.006 | 0.002 | 9 | 0.5 | 65 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.37 | 1.11 | 0.44 | 5.21 | 1.44 | 1.00 | 0.023 | 0.005 | 0.002 | 9 | 0.5 | 59 |
Table 2: main processing technology of each example and comparative example
Table 3: steel grade Properties of examples and comparative examples
The examples described herein are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the spirit and scope of the invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A high-nitrogen high-strength high-toughness H13 die steel is characterized in that: the chemical components of the material are as follows by weight percent: 0.36 to 0.40%, si:1.00 to 1.20%, mn:0.40 to 0.50%, cr:5.10 to 5.50%, mo:1.40 to 1.50%, V:0.80 to 1.00%, al:0.015 to 0.040%, P: less than or equal to 0.010%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, T.O: less than or equal to 10ppm, [ H ]: 1.0ppm or less, [ N ]: 400-500 ppm, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
2. The high-nitrogen high-toughness H13 die steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mechanical properties of the material meet the following requirements: the hardness is more than or equal to 46HRC, the transverse impact energy KV2 (normal temperature) is more than or equal to 14J, and the longitudinal impact energy KV2 (normal temperature) is more than or equal to 19J.
3. The short-process continuous casting and rolling production process of the high-nitrogen high-toughness H13 die steel as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of electric arc furnace/converter smelting, LF refining, RH vacuum treatment, continuous casting, rolling and heat treatment, wherein the continuous casting billet is subjected to hot charging after being discharged, is heated and insulated at the temperature of 1220-1260 ℃ of a heating furnace, is subjected to high-temperature diffusion for more than or equal to 6 hours and then is rolled, is quickly moved into a slow cooling pit through a cooling bed after being rolled for slow cooling, and is subjected to pit discharging temperature of less than or equal to 100 ℃ at the same time, and annealing is completed within 24 hours.
4. The short-process continuous casting and rolling production process of the high-nitrogen high-strength and high-toughness H13 die steel as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the charging temperature of hot charging is more than or equal to 550 ℃.
5. The short-process continuous casting and rolling production process of the high-nitrogen high-strength and high-toughness H13 die steel as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the initial rolling temperature of the rolling process is as follows: 1100-1150 deg.c and finishing temperature 900-950 deg.c.
6. The short-process continuous casting and rolling production process of the high-nitrogen high-strength and high-toughness H13 die steel as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the pit entering temperature of moving into the slow cooling pit for slow cooling is more than or equal to 650 ℃.
7. The short-process continuous casting and rolling production process of the high-nitrogen high-strength and high-toughness H13 die steel according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps of: the heat treatment process is quenching and secondary tempering after spheroidizing annealing.
8. The short-process continuous casting and rolling production process of the high-nitrogen high-strength and high-toughness H13 die steel as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: spheroidizing annealing: keeping the temperature at 860 +/-10 ℃ and then cooling along with the furnace; quenching temperature: oil cooling quenching at 1030 +/-10 ℃; tempering temperature: air cooling at 570 +/-10 deg.C.
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Application publication date: 20221223 |