CN115488181A - Uniform extrusion forming die for magnesium-aluminum alloy section - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a mold for uniform extrusion of magnesium-aluminum alloy profiles, which comprises a punch assembly installed below the upper template of the press, and a die assembly installed above the lower template of the press; the punch assembly is formed with a downward convex The main body of the punch is raised; the die assembly forms a material-holding cavity with a top opening directly below the main body of the punch. Pressing surface, the extrusion surface is connected downwards to form a main cavity and multiple fin cavities connected around the main cavity. The main cavity and multiple fin cavities together form a contour corresponding to the workpiece. The extrusion surface A flow-limiting groove is recessed between every two adjacent fin cavities, and each flow-limiting groove forms a first groove surface on the side close to the main cavity to limit the flow of the blank to the main cavity, and on the side close to the main cavity. The side of the airfoil cavity forms a second groove surface that restricts the flow of the blank to the airfoil cavity. The invention enables the blank to flow uniformly to the main die cavity and the airfoil die cavity during the extrusion forming process.

Description

A uniform extrusion die for magnesium-aluminum alloy profile

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of extrusion molding dies, in particular to a uniform extrusion molding die for magnesium-aluminum alloy profiles.

Background technique

Forward extrusion forming technology is a commonly used plastic forming technology for magnesium alloys. Magnesium alloy products obtained through extrusion deformation have a series of advantages such as high material utilization rate, high forming precision, and high production efficiency.

However, there are usually the following problems in forward extrusion molding: when the billet is filled into the mold cavity, due to the uneven flow restrictions on the billet in the cavity, the metal flow line after the billet is filled with the cavity is uneven, resulting in the final production. The residual stress of the obtained workpiece is relatively large, and the anisotropy of the microstructure and mechanical properties is relatively large, and it is easy to fail along the parts with poor mechanical properties during the use of the workpiece, which reduces the service life of the workpiece;

Especially for workpieces with complex shapes, such as workpieces with thin fins on the outer periphery of the workpiece body, the cavity is small in volume and narrow in width at the fins, and large in volume and wide in the body of the workpiece, resulting in The billet is not easy to flow to the fins of the cavity, and the mechanical properties of the final workpiece will be greatly affected.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a magnesium-aluminum alloy profile uniform extrusion molding die, which overcomes the above-mentioned defects, so that the billet can evenly flow to the fins of the cavity and the main body of the workpiece during the extrusion molding process.

In order to achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention is: a magnesium-aluminum alloy profile uniform extrusion forming die, including a punch assembly installed below the upper template of the press, and a die assembly installed above the lower template of the press;

The punch assembly is formed with a downwardly protruding punch body;

The die assembly is formed directly below the main body of the male mold with a top-opened material chamber for the blank to be placed and for the male mold body to be inserted downwards. The bottom of the cavity forms an extrusion surface, and the extrusion surface leads downward to form a main cavity and a plurality of fin cavities connected around the main cavity. The main cavity and a plurality of fins The cavities together form a contour corresponding to the workpiece, and the extrusion surface is recessed between every two adjacent fin cavities to form a flow-limiting groove, and each of the flow-limiting grooves is close to the main A first groove surface is formed on the side of the cavity to limit the flow of the blank to the main cavity, and a second groove surface is formed on the side close to the cavity of the fin to limit the flow of the blank to the cavity of the fin.

Further, the main cavity is a longitudinally extending cylindrical cavity, the fin cavity is a longitudinally extending cuboid cavity, the cross section of the flow limiting groove is fan-shaped, and the two flow limiting grooves The included angle in the horizontal direction between the two second groove surfaces is larger or smaller than the included angle in the horizontal direction between the two fin cavities adjacent to the flow limiting groove.

Further, the top of the first groove surface is inclined toward the main cavity, the top of the second groove surface is inclined toward the fin cavity adjacent thereto, and the inclination angle of the first groove surface is larger or smaller than that of the second groove surface. The inclination angle of the second groove surface.

Further, the extrusion surface is a tapered surface with a low middle and high surroundings or a high middle and low surroundings, and the top of the main cavity is connected to the center of the extrusion surface.

Further, a third groove surface is formed on the side of the flow limiting groove facing away from the main cavity, and the height of the third groove surface is greater than or smaller than that of the first groove surface.

Further, the flow limiting groove forms a third groove surface away from the side of the main cavity, the top of the first groove surface is inclined toward the side of the main cavity, and the top of the third groove surface is inclined toward the side away from the main cavity, The inclination angle of the first groove surface is larger or smaller than the inclination angle of the third groove surface.

Further, the length of the first groove surface is greater than or smaller than the length of the second groove surface.

Further, the transition between the first groove surface, the second groove surface, the third groove surface and the extrusion surface is smooth.

Further, the bottom of the main body of the punch is convexly formed with a core rod, the core rod is used to insert downward into the main cavity, and there is a gap between the main cavity side wall and the main cavity for the blank to flow in. gap.

Further, a ejector pin is longitudinally slidably installed on the lower mold plate of the press, and the ejector pin is located at the bottom of the main cavity, so as to push out the workpiece when it is inserted upward into the main cavity.

After adopting the above scheme, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the die assembly forms a material-holding chamber with a top opening directly below the main body of the punch. The bottom of the cavity forms an extrusion surface, and the extrusion surface is connected downward to form a main cavity and multiple fin cavities connected around the main cavity. The main cavity and multiple fin cavities jointly form a When the main body of the punch is inserted into the material cavity, the billet in the material cavity is deformed and flows into the main cavity and each fin cavity, and the extrusion surface is separated between each adjacent two fin cavities. A flow-limiting groove is formed in the depression, and each flow-limiting groove forms a first groove surface that restricts the flow of the blank to the main cavity on the side close to the main cavity, and a flow-limiting groove that restricts the flow of the blank to the main cavity on the side close to the fin cavity. The second groove surface, by configuring the first groove surface and the second groove surface to have different inclination angles, heights, lengths, etc., the blank flow has different degrees of flow restriction when it flows to the main cavity and each fin cavity, Then the flow velocity of the billet flowing to the main cavity and each wing cavity is balanced to realize uniform extrusion.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the top view structure schematic diagram after workpiece forming among the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view structural representation of die core in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the top view sectional structure schematic diagram of die core in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the flow-limiting groove along the radial direction of the die core when h3 of the present invention is greater than h1;

Fig. 5 is the mold structure schematic diagram before charging of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the mold structure schematic diagram after charging of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mold after perforation according to the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the mold structure after forming of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the mold structure in which the ejector rod ejects the workpiece and the die core after omitting the upper template and punch assembly of the press in the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of the die core of the present invention being loaded into the die sleeve.

Explanation of symbols: 1-upper die plate of press machine, 2-punch die assembly, 3-lower die plate of press machine, 4-die die assembly, 5-punch die main body, 6-material chamber, 7-billet, 8-extrusion Surface, 9-main cavity, 10-wing cavity, 11-workpiece, 12-limiting groove, 13-first groove surface, 14-second groove surface, 15-third groove surface, 16-type Core rod, 17-ejector pin, 18-axis hole, 19-die mold core, 20-die sleeve.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The present invention provides a magnesium-aluminum alloy profile uniform extrusion molding die, as shown in Fig. Die assembly 4, the press drives the upper platen 1 of the press and the lower platen 3 of the press to open and close, and then drives the punch assembly 2 and the die assembly 4 to open and close;

The punch assembly 2 is formed with a downwardly protruding punch body 5, and the punch body 5 is a cylinder; the die assembly 4 is formed with a top opening directly below the punch body 5 The material-holding cavity 6 is a cylindrical cavity with a diameter slightly larger than that of the punch body 5, and the material-holding cavity 6 is used for inserting the blank 7 and for the punch body 5 to be inserted downward, The cavity bottom of the material containing chamber 6 forms an extrusion surface 8, and the extrusion surface 8 leads downward to form a main cavity 9 and a plurality of fin cavities 10 connected around the main cavity 9, The main cavity 9 is a longitudinally extending cylindrical cavity, and each of the fin cavities 10 is a longitudinally extending cuboid cavity, and then the main cavity 9 and a plurality of the fin cavities 10 Together form a contour corresponding to the workpiece 11. In this embodiment, the center of the top of the workpiece 11 is also connected downward to form a shaft hole 18. In order to form the shaft hole 18 at one time, the bottom of the punch main body 5 A core rod 16 is formed downwardly, and the core rod 16 goes down with the main body 5 of the punch, punches out the shaft hole 18 on the blank 7 located in the material chamber 6, and then continues to go down on the main body 5 of the punch , the core rod 16 is used to insert downward into the main cavity 9, and there is a gap between the side wall of the main cavity 9 for the blank 7 to flow in. In a more specific embodiment, for the convenience of The manufacture of the die assembly 4, the die assembly 4 comprises a die core 19 and a die sleeve 20, the die sleeve 20 is cylindrical, and the top surface of the die core 19 forms the extrusion surface 8, the main cavity 9 and the fin cavity 10 are set on the die core 19, and the die core 19 is coaxially and circumferentially fixed in the die sleeve 20, As shown in Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 10, the extrusion surface 8 can be flat. In a preferred embodiment, in order to make the blank 7 flow into the main cavity 9 and the fin cavity 10 more easily, as shown in Figures 5-9 As shown, the edge of the pressing surface 8 can also be set as an inwardly inclined slope, which is not specifically limited;

Restricted by the shape and position of the main cavity 9 and the airfoil cavity 10, after the blank 7 is squeezed, the resistance to flowing into the main cavity 9 and the airfoil cavity 10 is different, causing the blank 7 to flow to the main cavity 9 Different from the speed of the airfoil cavity 10, in order to balance the velocity of the blank 7 flowing to the main cavity 9 and the airfoil cavity 10, the extrusion surface 8 is respectively lowered between every two adjacent airfoil cavities 10. Concave is formed with a flow limiting groove 12, in order to match the profile formed on the extrusion surface 8 of the main cavity 9 and the fin cavity 10, the cross section of the flow limiting groove 12 is fan-shaped, and each The flow-limiting groove 12 is formed on the side close to the main cavity 9 to restrict the flow of the blank 7 to the first groove surface 13 of the main cavity 9, and on the side close to the fin cavity 10 to restrict the flow of the blank 7 to the fin cavity. The second groove surface 14 of 10 forms the third groove surface 15 that restricts the flow of the blank 7 to the direction away from the main cavity 9 on the side away from the main cavity 9. The first groove surface 13 and the second groove surface 14 , the third groove surface 15, and the smooth transition between the extrusion surface 8, by adjusting the positions and shapes of the first groove surface 13, the second groove surface 14 and the third groove surface 15, and then adjusting the billet 7 when it flows in various directions resistance, so that the blank flows into the main cavity 9 and the fin cavity 10 evenly, and the metal flow line of the formed workpiece 11 will be more uniform, which improves the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the workpiece 11, and realizes the improvement of the comprehensive mechanical properties of the material .

Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in Figures 2-4, the height of the first groove surface 13 is h1 and the length L1, and the top of the first groove surface 13 is inclined at an angle of θ1 toward the main cavity 9, And distance d1 from the main cavity 9; the length of each second groove surface 14 is L2, and the top is inclined towards the fin cavity 10 adjacent to it at an angle of θ2 (theta 2 is not given in the accompanying drawings Out), and with the distance d2 between the adjacent fin cavity 10, and the angle between the two second groove surfaces 14 on the same flow limiting groove 12 in the horizontal direction is w; the third groove The height of the surface 15 is h3, and the third groove surface 15 is inclined at an angle of θ3 toward the side away from the main cavity 9 .

The angle w in the horizontal direction between the two second groove surfaces 14 of a flow limiting groove 12 is greater than or smaller than the angle w in the horizontal direction between the two fin cavities 10 adjacent to the flow limiting groove 12, and the emphasis is on As shown in FIG. 3 , specifically, when the angle w in the horizontal direction between the two second groove surfaces 14 of a flow limiting groove 12 is greater than the level between two fin cavities 10 adjacent to the flow limiting groove 12 When the angle between the two directions is included, the end of the second groove surface 14 away from the main cavity 9 is closer to the vane cavity 10 than the end close to the main cavity 9, so that when the blank 7 continues to be squeezed, it is in a flow-limiting concave After the part in the groove 12 climbs out of the flow-limiting groove 12 along the second groove surface 14, when it continues to flow laterally to the adjacent fin cavity 10, it flows into the end of the fin cavity 10 away from the main cavity 9 faster. ; Conversely, when the angle w in the horizontal direction between the two second groove surfaces 14 of a flow limiting groove 12 is smaller than the angle w in the horizontal direction between the two fin cavities 10 adjacent to the flow limiting groove 12 , then it flows into the fin cavity 10 closer to the end of the main cavity 9 faster, and the actual angle of the included angle w is specifically adjusted according to the actual forming effect.

The inclination angle θ1 of the first groove surface 13 is greater than or smaller than the inclination angle θ2 of the second groove surface 14, specifically, because the inclination angle of the first groove surface 13 and the second groove surface 14 is smaller, the blank 7 The greater the resistance generated by the lateral flow along the corresponding direction, when θ1 is greater than θ2, the blank 7 will flow toward the direction of the first groove surface 13 more easily, and then flow to the main cavity 9 next to the first groove surface 13; on the contrary, When θ1 is smaller than θ2, it is easier for the blank 7 to flow toward the direction of the second groove surface 14, and then flow to the airfoil cavity 10 beside the second groove surface 14 faster, and the specific values of θ1 and θ2 have more practical forming effects. set up.

As shown in Fig. 4, the height h3 of the third groove surface 15 is greater than or smaller than the height h1 of the first groove surface 13, specifically, because the height of the third groove surface 15 and the first groove surface 13 are larger , the greater the resistance to the lateral flow of the billet 7 along the corresponding direction, when h3 is greater than h1, the billet 7 is easier to flow toward the main cavity 9; on the contrary, when h3 is smaller than h1, the billet 7 is easier to flow away from the main cavity 9 Direction flow, and then more likely to flow to the airfoil cavity 10 around the main cavity 9, the specific values of h3 and h1 are more specifically set for the actual forming effect.

4, the inclination angle θ1 of the first groove surface 13 is greater than or smaller than the inclination angle θ3 of the third groove surface 15, specifically, due to the inclination of the third groove surface 15 and the first groove surface 13 The larger the angle, the smaller the resistance to the lateral flow of the blank 7 in the corresponding direction. When θ1 is greater than θ3, it is easier for the blank 7 to flow toward the main cavity 9; on the contrary, when θ1 is smaller than θ3, it is easier for the blank 7 to flow away from the main cavity Flow in the direction of the cavity 9, and then more easily flow to the airfoil cavity 10 around the main cavity 9, and the specific values of θ1 and θ3 are specifically set according to the actual forming effect.

The length L1 of the first groove surface 13 is greater than or less than the length L2 of the second groove surface 14, specifically, since the length of the first groove surface 13 and the second groove surface 14 is greater, the blank 7 along the corresponding direction The greater the resistance generated by the lateral flow, when L1 is greater than L2, it is easier for the blank 7 to flow to the direction of the first groove surface 13, and then flow to the main cavity 9 beside the first groove surface 13 faster; on the contrary, when L1 is less than When L2 is used, it is easier for the blank 7 to flow toward the direction of the second groove surface 14, and then flow faster to the fin cavity 10 beside the second groove surface 14. The specific values of L1 and L2 are more specifically set for the actual forming effect.

The top of the main cavity 9 is connected to the center of the extrusion surface 8, and the extrusion surface 8 can also be a tapered surface (not shown in the accompanying drawings) that is low in the middle and high in the surroundings or high in the middle and low in the surroundings; When the extrusion surface 8 is low in the middle and high around the periphery, the billet 7 is more likely to flow toward the center of the extrusion surface 8 and enter the main cavity 9 faster; The edge flow enters each airfoil cavity 10 faster.

In a preferred embodiment, in order to facilitate the demoulding of the blank 7 after the workpiece 11 is formed, a push rod 17 is longitudinally slidably installed on the lower mold plate 3 of the press, and the push rod 17 is located at the bottom of the main cavity 9, To eject the workpiece 11 when it is inserted into the main cavity 9 upwards.

A method for forward extrusion uniform forming of complex profiles, comprising the following steps:

S1, combined with the focus shown in Figure 5, erect the above-mentioned magnesium-aluminum alloy profile uniform extrusion molding die;

S2. Focusing on the combination shown in Figure 6, feeding: put the blank 7 into the material chamber 6;

S3. Focusing on Figure 7 and Figure 8, forming: make the punch main body 5 drive the core rod 16 to go down, so that the core rod 16 is punched out on the blank 7 located in the material chamber 6 The shaft hole 18, and then the main body of the punch 5 continues to press down into the material chamber 6, so that the blank 7 in the material chamber 6 flows into the main cavity 9 and the wing cavity 10, and finally fills the main cavity. The cavity 9 and the airfoil cavity 10 form the workpiece 11;

S4. Emphasis is combined with that shown in Figure 9, blanking: make the ejector pin 17 go up, push out the workpiece 11 upwards, and take out the workpiece 11. Preferably in this embodiment, in order to facilitate the demoulding of the workpiece 11, the Die core 19 can be set to be multi-lobe spliced together, and the spliced position and the specific number of petals are not specifically limited. It is conventionally set, and will not be described in detail in this implementation, so that when the workpiece 11 is ejected from the top, the die core 19 together with the workpiece 11 to eject the die sleeve 20, and then the die core 19 is opened along the joint, so that the workpiece 11 can be taken out more conveniently;

S5, flow rate adjustment: in the process of step S3, if the speed of blank 7 filling the main cavity 9 is greater than the speed of filling the airfoil cavity 10, then increase the ratio of L1/L2, and/or reduce the ratio of θ1/θ2 , and/or increase the ratio of d1/d2, and/or reduce the ratio of h3/h1, and/or reduce the ratio of θ1/θ3, and/or increase the value of w, thereby making the blank 7 more likely to flow to the fin Cavity 10; if the blank 7 fills the main cavity 9 at a lower speed than the airfoil cavity 10, then reduce the ratio of L1/L2, and/or increase the ratio of θ1/θ2, and/or decrease d1 /d2 ratio, and/or increase the ratio of h3/h1, and/or increase the ratio of θ1/θ3, and/or reduce the w value, so that the blank 7 can flow to the main cavity 9 more easily until the blank 7 is full The speeds of the main cavity 9 and the vane cavity 10 are equal, and the metal streamline of the formed workpiece 11 will be more uniform at this time, and have better isotropy and mechanical properties;

S6. Steps S2 to S4 are repeated until a predetermined number of workpieces 11 are formed.

In a preferred embodiment, the extrusion surface 8 is a conical surface with a high middle and low surroundings or a low middle and high surroundings; when the extrusion surface 8 is a conical surface with a high middle and low surroundings, if the blank 7 is filled with If the speed of the cavity 9 is greater than the speed of filling the airfoil cavity 10, the height of the protrusion in the middle of the extrusion surface 8 will be increased; The raised height of the middle part of the small extrusion surface 8; when the extrusion surface 8 is a conical surface with a low middle and a high surrounding area, if the blank 7 fills the main cavity 9 with a speed greater than the fin cavity 10, then Reduce the depth of the depression in the middle of the extrusion surface 8, if the speed of the blank 7 filling the main cavity 9 is less than the speed of filling the fin cavity 10, then increase the depth of the depression in the middle of the extrusion surface 8.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not limitations on the design of this case. All equivalent changes made according to the design key of this case all fall within the scope of protection of this case.

Claims (10)

1. A magnesium-aluminum alloy profile uniform extrusion forming die, is characterized in that: comprise the punch assembly (2) that is installed under the die plate (1) below of the press, the die that is installed on the die plate (3) top of the press die component(4); The punch assembly (2) is formed with a punch body (5) protruding downward; The die assembly (4) is formed directly below the punch main body (5) with a material holding cavity (6) with an open top, and the material holding cavity (6) is used for inserting the blank (7) and for The main body (5) of the punch is inserted downward, and the bottom of the cavity (6) forms an extrusion surface (8), and the extrusion surface (8) leads downward to form a main cavity (9 ) and a plurality of airfoil cavities (10) connected around the main cavity (9), the main cavity (9) and a plurality of airfoil cavities (10) form together with the workpiece (11 ) corresponding to the profile, the extrusion surface (8) is concavely formed with a flow-limiting groove (12) between every two adjacent fin cavities (10), each of the flow-limiting grooves (12) Form a first groove surface (13) on the side close to the main cavity (9) to restrict the flow of the blank (7) to the main cavity (9), and form a restriction on the side close to the fin cavity (10) The blank (7) flows to the second groove surface (14) of the airfoil cavity (10). 2. A magnesium-aluminum alloy profile uniform extrusion molding die as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the main cavity (9) is a longitudinally extending cylindrical cavity, and the fin cavity (10) It is a rectangular parallelepiped cavity extending longitudinally, the cross-section of the flow-limiting groove (12) is fan-shaped, and the angle between the two second groove surfaces (14) of a flow-limiting groove (12) in the horizontal direction is greater than or smaller than the angle in the horizontal direction between two fin cavities (10) adjacent to the flow-limiting groove (12). 3. A magnesium-aluminum alloy profile uniform extrusion molding die as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the first groove surface (13) is inclined toward the main cavity (9), and the second groove The top of the surface (14) is inclined towards the airfoil cavity (10) adjacent thereto, and the inclination angle of the first groove surface (13) is larger or smaller than the inclination angle of the second groove surface (14). 4. A magnesium-aluminum alloy profile uniform extrusion molding die as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the extrusion surface (8) is a tapered surface with a low middle and high surroundings or a high middle and low surroundings, and the main The top of the cavity (9) leads to the center of the extrusion surface (8). 5. A magnesium-aluminum alloy profile uniform extrusion molding die as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the side of the limiting groove (12) away from the main cavity (9) forms a third groove surface (15 ), the height of the third groove surface (15) is greater than or smaller than the height of the first groove surface (13). 6. A mold for uniform extrusion of magnesium-aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side of the limiting groove (12) away from the main cavity (9) forms a third groove surface (15 ), the top of the first groove surface (13) is inclined towards the side of the main cavity (9), the top of the third groove surface (15) is inclined towards the side away from the main cavity (9), and the first groove surface ( 13) The inclination angle is larger or smaller than the inclination angle of the third groove surface (15). 7. A mold for uniform extrusion of magnesium-aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the first groove surface (13) is greater than or shorter than the length of the second groove surface (14). 8. A magnesium-aluminum alloy profile uniform extrusion molding die as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the first groove surface (13), the second groove surface (14), the third groove surface (15), Smooth transition between extrusion surfaces (8). 9. A kind of magnesium-aluminum alloy profile uniform extrusion molding die as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the bottom of the punch main body (5) is convexly formed with a core rod (16), and the core rod (16) is used for inserting downward into the main cavity (9), and there is a gap between the side wall of the main cavity (9) for the blank (7) to flow in. 10. A uniform extrusion die for magnesium-aluminum alloy profiles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: a push rod (17) is longitudinally slidably installed on the lower template (3) of the press, and the push rod (17) ) is located at the bottom of the main cavity (9) to push out the workpiece (11) when it is inserted upward into the main cavity (9).

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