CN115483710B - Distributed power grid-connected substation protection method and system for preventing unplanned island operation - Google Patents

Distributed power grid-connected substation protection method and system for preventing unplanned island operation Download PDF

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CN115483710B
CN115483710B CN202211271081.XA CN202211271081A CN115483710B CN 115483710 B CN115483710 B CN 115483710B CN 202211271081 A CN202211271081 A CN 202211271081A CN 115483710 B CN115483710 B CN 115483710B
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protection
line
incoming line
wire
jump
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CN115483710A (en
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付鹏武
唐琼锋
刘维
王萍
陈明飞
王登梅
刘艳华
黎泉
贺智
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State Grid Loudi Power Supply Co
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Loudi Power Supply Co
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/068—Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply, e.g. to avoid parallel connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/10—Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-unplanned island operation protection method for a distributed power grid-connected transformer substation, which comprises the steps of obtaining operation parameter data information of a target transformer substation; performing analysis of a combined switching loop of anti-islanding operation; performing analysis of the application range of the combined switching loop of the anti-islanding operation; performing corresponding anti-islanding operation combined switching loop design; and adopting a designed combined switching loop for preventing island operation to protect the actual distributed power grid-connected transformer substation from unintended island operation. The invention also discloses a system for realizing the method for protecting the distributed power grid-connected transformer substation from the unplanned island operation. The invention can effectively promote the safe and reliable operation of the power grid, realize the prevention of the unplanned island operation of the transformer substation, ensure the quick input of reclosing of the grid-connected transformer substation with the distributed power supply and the automatic switching device of the standby power supply, promote the correct action rate of the safe automatic device and effectively promote the power supply reliability; the invention has high reliability and good practicability.

Description

分布式电源并网变电站防非计划孤岛运行保护方法及系统Distributed power grid-connected substation protection method and system for preventing unplanned island operation

技术领域Technical Field

本发明属于电气自动化领域，具体涉及一种分布式电源并网变电站防非计划孤岛运行保护方法及系统。The present invention belongs to the field of electrical automation, and in particular relates to a distributed power grid-connected substation protection method and system for preventing unplanned island operation.

背景技术Background technique

目前，越来越多的新能源发电系统接入电网系统，改变了配网单纯从主网接收和消耗电能的方式，必将对电网的继电保护及控制带来极大的挑战。目前，分布式电源一般选择在110千伏及以下的线路并网，而这些线路的保护及控制方式在设计时都只考虑了本段线路的运行需要，并没有考虑分布式电源接入形成多端电源供电的特殊性。特别是受分布式电源控制技术水平的限制，现有的中小型分布式电源并网运行规范要求，在任何情况下绝不允许分布式电源带负荷孤岛运行情况的发生。At present, more and more new energy power generation systems are connected to the power grid system, which has changed the way the distribution network simply receives and consumes electricity from the main grid, and will inevitably bring great challenges to the relay protection and control of the power grid. At present, distributed power sources generally choose to connect to the grid on lines of 110 kV and below, and the protection and control methods of these lines are designed to only consider the operation needs of this section of the line, and do not consider the particularity of distributed power access to form multi-terminal power supply. In particular, due to the limitations of the level of distributed power control technology, the existing grid-connected operation specifications for small and medium-sized distributed power sources do not allow the occurrence of distributed power supply load island operation under any circumstances.

但是，目前电网系统并没有针对该类情况发生时完整的应对措施，而是只能采用现有保护和控制方式进行电网控制。如果不对现有电网保护和控制方式进行适当调整，将很容易在线路发生故障时，造成分布式电源带并网变电站负荷的非计划性孤岛运行，极大威胁人身、电网及设备的安全。However, the current power grid system does not have a complete response measure for such situations, and can only use the existing protection and control methods to control the grid. If the existing power grid protection and control methods are not properly adjusted, it will be easy to cause unplanned island operation of distributed power sources with grid-connected substation loads when a line fails, which will greatly threaten the safety of people, power grids and equipment.

发明内容Summary of the invention

本发明的目的之一在于提供一种可靠性高且实用性好的分布式电源并网变电站防非计划孤岛运行保护方法。One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a distributed power grid-connected substation protection method for preventing unplanned islanding operation with high reliability and good practicality.

本发明的目的之二在于提供一种实现所述分布式电源并网变电站防非计划孤岛运行保护方法的系统。A second object of the present invention is to provide a system for implementing the distributed power grid-connected substation protection method for preventing unplanned islanding operation.

本发明提供的这种分布式电源并网变电站防非计划孤岛运行保护方法，包括如下步骤：The distributed power grid-connected substation protection method provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

S1.获取目标变电站的运行参数数据信息；S1. Obtain the operating parameter data information of the target substation;

S2.根据步骤S1得到的目标变电站的运行参数数据信息，进行防孤岛运行的联切回路分析；S2. According to the operating parameter data information of the target substation obtained in step S1, the joint cutting circuit analysis of anti-islanding operation is performed;

S3.根据步骤S2得到的分析结果，进行防孤岛运行的联切回路应用范围分析；S3. According to the analysis results obtained in step S2, the application scope of the anti-islanding operation joint cutting circuit is analyzed;

S4.根据步骤S3得到的分析结果，进行对应的防孤岛运行的联切回路设计；S4. According to the analysis results obtained in step S3, the corresponding anti-islanding operation joint cutting circuit design;

S5.采用步骤S4得到的防孤岛运行的联切回路设计，进行实际的分布式电源并网变电站的防非计划孤岛运行的保护。S5. Using the anti-islanding operation joint cutting circuit design obtained in step S4, the actual distributed power grid-connected substation is protected against unplanned islanding operation.

步骤S2所述的进行防孤岛运行的联切回路分析，具体包括如下步骤：The interlocking circuit analysis for anti-islanding operation described in step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

针对110kV及35kV变电站的110kV并网电源及35kV等并网电源，不考虑低压侧并网小电源防孤岛运行；For the 110kV grid-connected power supply and 35kV grid-connected power supply of 110kV and 35kV substations, the anti-islanding operation of the small grid-connected power supply on the low-voltage side is not considered;

为防止孤岛运行条件的形成，防非计划孤岛运行的联跳回路分为3类，动作时实现5种联跳情况；To prevent the formation of islanding conditions, the interlocking circuits to prevent unplanned islanding are divided into three categories, and five interlocking conditions are realized when they are actuated;

第一类：分布式电源并网变电站系统联络线纵联保护联跳电源进线Category 1: Distributed power grid-connected substation system tie line longitudinal protection and joint jump power supply line

正常运行时进线1和进线2互为备用，进线1和进线2的线路保护动作联跳高压侧分布式电源并网进线3及中压侧分布式电源进线4；In normal operation, incoming line 1 and incoming line 2 serve as backup for each other. The line protection of incoming line 1 and incoming line 2 will trip the distributed power grid-connected incoming line 3 on the high-voltage side and the distributed power incoming line 4 on the medium-voltage side.

进线故障时设计以下两种进线纵联差动保护联跳并网线：When an incoming line fails, the following two types of incoming line longitudinal differential protection are designed to jump and connect to the grid:

联跳情况1：进线1保护投入，进线1联切进线3及进线4出口压板投入，进线1、进线3及进线4在合位，当进线1线路发生故障时，进线1保护动作跳进线1的同时联切进线3及进线4；Joint tripping situation 1: Incoming line 1 protection is activated, incoming line 1 is connected to incoming line 3 and incoming line 4 outlet pressure plate is activated, incoming line 1, incoming line 3 and incoming line 4 are in the closed position, when incoming line 1 line fails, incoming line 1 protection is activated to trip incoming line 1 and simultaneously connect incoming line 3 and incoming line 4;

联跳情况2：进线2保护投入，进线2联切进线3出口压板投入，进线2、进线3及进线4在合位，当进线2线路发生故障时，进线2保护动作跳进线2的同时联切进线3及进线4；Joint tripping situation 2: Incoming line 2 protection is activated, incoming line 2 is connected to incoming line 3 outlet pressure plate, incoming line 2, incoming line 3 and incoming line 4 are in the closed position. When incoming line 2 fails, incoming line 2 protection is activated to trip incoming line 2 and simultaneously disconnect incoming line 3 and incoming line 4.

第二类：备自投保护联切：Category 2: Backup automatic protection joint cut-off:

正常运行时进线1和进线2互为备用，进线备自投保护动作联切进线3及进线4，确保备自投合闸时不发生非同期合闸；In normal operation, incoming line 1 and incoming line 2 serve as backup for each other. The incoming line backup automatic protection action will cut off incoming line 3 and incoming line 4 to ensure that asynchronous closing does not occur when the backup automatic closing is performed.

联跳情况3：备自投保护投入，备自投联切进线3及进线4的出口压板投入，当母线电压低于设定压定值，主供进线无流，备供进线有压，经电源跳闸时间后，跳主供进线断路器及进线3及进线4断路器，确认主供进线断路器及进线3及进线4断路器跳开后，经合备用电源延时后，合备供进线断路器；Joint tripping situation 3: The standby automatic protection is activated, and the outlet pressure plates of the standby automatic joint cut-off incoming line 3 and incoming line 4 are activated. When the bus voltage is lower than the set voltage, the main incoming line has no current, and the standby incoming line has pressure. After the power tripping time, the main incoming line circuit breaker and the incoming line 3 and 4 circuit breakers are tripped. After confirming that the main incoming line circuit breaker and the incoming line 3 and 4 circuit breakers have tripped, after the standby power delay, the standby incoming line circuit breaker is closed;

第三类：主变保护联跳：Category III: Main transformer protection tripping:

联跳条件4：#1主变保护投入，#1主变联切进线6的出口压板投入，进线6在合位，420在分位或400在分位时，当#1主变保护动作跳410时，同时经420或400断路器分位辅助接点常闭联跳进线6；Joint trip condition 4: #1 main transformer protection is activated, the outlet pressure plate of #1 main transformer joint cut-off incoming line 6 is activated, incoming line 6 is in the closed position, 420 is in the open position or 400 is in the open position, when #1 main transformer protection is actuated to trip 410, at the same time, the normally closed auxiliary contact of the 420 or 400 circuit breaker is tripped to incoming line 6;

联跳条件5：#2主变保护投入，#2主变联切进线6的出口压板投入，进线6在合位，410在分位或400在分位时，当#2主变保护动作跳420时，同时经410或400断路器分位辅助接点常闭联跳进线6。Joint tripping condition 5: #2 main transformer protection is put into operation, the outlet pressure plate of #2 main transformer joint-cutting incoming line 6 is put into operation, incoming line 6 is in the closed position, 410 is in the open position or 400 is in the open position, when the #2 main transformer protection is actuated and trips 420, the incoming line 6 is tripped at the same time through the normally closed auxiliary contact of the open position of 410 or 400 circuit breaker.

步骤S3所述的进行防孤岛运行的联切回路应用范围分析，具体包括如下步骤：The application scope analysis of the interlocking circuit for anti-islanding operation described in step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

第一类：分布式电源并网变电站系统联络线纵联保护联跳电源进线：Category 1: Distributed power grid-connected substation system tie line longitudinal protection and inter-jump power supply line:

防止系统故障进线保护动作时，因分布式电源并网的存在，导致分布式电源接入站与系统隔离形成孤岛，从而实现加速小电源线路解列的目的，阻止非计划孤岛运行情况的出现，实现电网正常的重合闸、备自投动作及遥控合闸操作，避免出现变电站全停的情况；Prevent the distributed power access station from being isolated from the system and forming an island due to the existence of distributed power grid connection when the system fault incoming line protection is activated, thereby achieving the purpose of accelerating the decoupling of small power lines, preventing the occurrence of unplanned island operation, and realizing normal grid reclosing, standby automatic operation and remote control closing operation, avoiding the situation of complete shutdown of substations;

第二类：备自投保护联切：Category 2: Backup automatic protection joint cut-off:

防止系统故障进线保护未动作时，因分布式电源的存在，并网站与系统隔离形成孤岛；作为系统故障时进线保护联切的补充，在母线电压降到设定值的情况下，达到加速小电源线路解列的目的；同时，确保备自投合闸时不发生非同期合闸的有效手段；It prevents the existence of distributed power sources from isolating the site from the system and forming an island when the incoming line protection fails to work due to system faults; as a supplement to the incoming line protection joint switching during system faults, it can accelerate the disconnection of small power lines when the bus voltage drops to the set value; at the same time, it is an effective means to ensure that asynchronous closing does not occur when the standby automatic closing is closed;

第三类：主变保护联跳：Category III: Main transformer protection tripping:

防止系统故障主变保护跳闸，因分布式电源并网线路的存在，并网线路带中压侧母线及出现相关变电站与系统隔离形成孤岛运行的情况，从而达到加速分布式电源线路解列的目的，阻止非计划孤岛运行情况的出现。Prevent the main transformer protection from tripping due to system failure. Due to the existence of distributed power grid-connected lines, the grid-connected lines with medium-voltage busbars and related substations are isolated from the system to form islanded operation, thereby achieving the purpose of accelerating the decoupling of distributed power lines and preventing the occurrence of unplanned islanded operation.

步骤S4所述的进行对应的防孤岛运行的联切回路设计，具体包括如下步骤：The design of the corresponding interlocking circuit for anti-islanding operation described in step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

第一类：分布式电源并网变电站系统联络线纵联保护联跳电源进线：Category 1: Distributed power grid-connected substation system tie line longitudinal protection and inter-jump power supply line:

分别敷设进线1保护屏、进线2保护屏至进线3及进线4保护屏控制电缆各1根，分别用于进线1保护、进线2保护出口联跳进线3断路器及进线4；Lay one control cable each from the incoming line 1 protection screen, the incoming line 2 protection screen to the incoming line 3 and the incoming line 4 protection screen, which are used for the incoming line 1 protection and the incoming line 2 protection outlet to connect the incoming line 3 circuit breaker and the incoming line 4;

将进线1保护备用保护出口配线到端子排，增加联跳进线3及进线4出口压板及配线，采用永跳或手跳开入；Connect the standby protection outlet of incoming line 1 to the terminal block, add joint jumper outlet pressure plates and wiring for incoming line 3 and incoming line 4, and use permanent jumper or manual jumper to open;

将进线2保护备用保护出口配线到端子排，增加联跳进线3及进线4出口压板及配线，采用永跳或手跳开入；Connect the standby protection outlet of incoming line 2 to the terminal block, add joint jumper for incoming line 3 and incoming line 4 outlet pressure plates and wiring, and use permanent jumper or manual jumper to open;

第二类：备自投保护联切：Category 2: Backup automatic protection joint cut-off:

敷设备自投保护屏至进线3保护屏控制电缆1根，用于备自投保护出口联跳进线3断路器；Lay a control cable from the equipment automatic protection screen to the incoming line 3 protection screen, which is used to prepare the automatic protection outlet to jump the incoming line 3 circuit breaker;

投入备自投联切的控制字及出口矩阵，用于联跳进线3；The control word and export matrix of automatic switching of standby input are used for the joint jump incoming line 3;

第三类：主变保护联跳：Category III: Main transformer protection tripping:

通过选择主变保护跳中压侧断路器的出口继电器矩阵投入，开放相关备用跳闸出口，从而实现主变保护跳中压侧断路器时，经过相关的位置接点判断是否有孤岛，出口联跳相关并网线路；By selecting the output relay matrix of the main transformer protection tripping medium voltage side circuit breaker, the related standby tripping output is opened, so that when the main transformer protection trips the medium voltage side circuit breaker, it is determined through the related position contacts whether there is an island, and the output is linked to the related grid-connected line;

分别敷设410断路器机构箱、420断路器机构箱、400断路器机构箱、进线6断路器机构箱至进线6保护屏控制电缆各1根用于主变中压侧进线开关分闸联跳进线6断路器。One control cable each is laid from 410 circuit breaker mechanism box, 420 circuit breaker mechanism box, 400 circuit breaker mechanism box, and incoming line 6 circuit breaker mechanism box to the incoming line 6 protection panel for opening and tripping of the incoming line switch on the medium voltage side of the main transformer and the incoming line 6 circuit breaker.

本发明还公开了一种实现所述分布式电源并网变电站防非计划孤岛运行保护方法的系统，包括孤岛信息获取、联切回路分析、联切回路设计模块和保护动作回路模块；数据获取模块用于获取目标变电站的运行参数数据信息，并将数据信息通过硬件电路形成孤岛分析；联切回路分析模块用于根据接收到的数据，进行防孤岛运行的联切回路应用范围分析，并将数据信息上传联切回路设计模块；联切回路设计模块用于根据接收到的信息，进行对应的防孤岛运行的联切回路动作出口，进行实际的分布式电源并网变电站防非计划孤岛运行保护及控制。The present invention also discloses a system for implementing the distributed power grid-connected substation protection method for preventing unplanned islanding operation, including islanding information acquisition, interlocking circuit analysis, interlocking circuit design module and protection action circuit module; the data acquisition module is used to acquire the operating parameter data information of the target substation, and form an islanding analysis of the data information through a hardware circuit; the interlocking circuit analysis module is used to analyze the application scope of the interlocking circuit for preventing islanding operation according to the received data, and upload the data information to the interlocking circuit design module; the interlocking circuit design module is used to perform the corresponding interlocking circuit action export for preventing islanding operation according to the received information, and perform actual distributed power grid-connected substation protection and control for preventing unplanned islanding operation.

本发明提供的这种分布式电源并网变电站防非计划孤岛运行保护方法及系统，能够有效提升电网安全可靠运行，实现防止变电站非计划孤岛运行，并确保含分布式电源并网变电站重合闸及备用电源自投装置快速投入，提升安全自动装置的正确动作率，有效提升供电可靠性；而且本发明的可靠性高，实用性好。The distributed power grid-connected substation protection method and system provided by the present invention can effectively improve the safe and reliable operation of the power grid, prevent the unplanned island operation of the substation, and ensure the rapid commissioning of the reclosing device and the backup power supply automatic transfer device of the distributed power grid-connected substation, improve the correct operation rate of the safety automatic device, and effectively improve the power supply reliability; the present invention has high reliability and good practicality.

附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

图1为本发明方法的方法流程示意图。FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a method flow chart of the method of the present invention.

图2为本发明方法的进线联跳一次主接线示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the primary main wiring of the incoming line jumper of the method of the present invention.

图3为本发明方法的主变联跳一次主接线示意图。FIG3 is a schematic diagram of primary main wiring of the main transformer joint tripping method of the present invention.

图4为本发明方法的电网进线保护联跳二次回路示意图。FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a secondary circuit of a power grid incoming line protection tripping method of the present invention.

图5为本发明方法的备自投联跳二次回路示意图。FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a secondary circuit for automatic jump-off of the method of the present invention.

图6为本发明方法的主变保护跳中压侧断路器联跳并网线路二次回路示意图。6 is a schematic diagram of the secondary circuit of the grid-connected line in which the main transformer protection trips the medium-voltage side circuit breaker in the method of the present invention.

图7为本发明系统的功能模块示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of the system of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

如图1所示为本发明方法的方法流程示意图：本发明提供的这种分布式电源并网变电站防非计划孤岛运行保护方法，包括如下步骤：FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the method of the present invention: the distributed power grid-connected substation protection method for preventing unplanned islanding operation provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

S1.获取目标变电站的运行参数数据信息；S1. Obtain operating parameter data information of the target substation;

S2.根据步骤S1得到的目标变电站的运行参数数据信息，进行防孤岛运行的联切回路分析；具体包括如下步骤：S2. According to the operating parameter data information of the target substation obtained in step S1, the inter-cutting circuit analysis of anti-islanding operation is performed; specifically comprising the following steps:

110kV及35kV变电站的110kV并网电源及35kV并网电源的容量较大，发电功率可能大于本站负荷，存在非正常电压及频率的非计划孤岛运行的可能，非计划孤岛将电力系统供电状态带入未知状态，将造成严重不利影响，可能危及电网及线路维护人员及用户生命安全，干扰电网正常的重合闸、备自投动作及遥控合闸操作，不可控的频率及电压容易损坏电网及用户设备；低压侧小电源并网容量一般容量较小(2000kW以下)，难以较长时间孤岛运行，故障时小电源一般在2～10秒以内脱网，时间较短，不会影响重合闸及备自投的可靠动作，因此针对110kV及35kV变电站的110kV并网电源及35kV并网电源，不考虑低压侧并网小电源防孤岛运行；The capacity of the 110kV grid-connected power supply and 35kV grid-connected power supply of 110kV and 35kV substations is large, and the generated power may be greater than the load of this station. There is a possibility of unplanned island operation with abnormal voltage and frequency. Unplanned islanding will bring the power supply state of the power system into an unknown state, which will cause serious adverse effects and may endanger the lives of grid and line maintenance personnel and users, interfere with the normal reclosing, standby automatic transfer and remote control closing operations of the grid, and uncontrollable frequency and voltage are easy to damage the grid and user equipment; the grid-connected capacity of small power supplies on the low-voltage side is generally small (below 2000kW), and it is difficult to operate in an island for a long time. In case of a fault, the small power supply is generally disconnected from the grid within 2 to 10 seconds, which is a short time and will not affect the reliable operation of the reclosing and standby automatic transfer. Therefore, for the 110kV grid-connected power supply and 35kV grid-connected power supply of 110kV and 35kV substations, the anti-islanding operation of the small power supply on the low-voltage side is not considered;

为防止孤岛运行条件的形成，防非计划孤岛运行的联跳回路分为3类，动作时实现5种联跳情况；To prevent the formation of islanding conditions, the interlocking circuits to prevent unplanned islanding are divided into three categories, and five interlocking conditions are realized when they are actuated;

第一类：分布式电源并网变电站系统联络线纵联保护联跳电源进线Category 1: Distributed power grid-connected substation system tie line longitudinal protection and joint jump power supply line

以图2的一次接线图的结构为例；正常运行时进线1和进线2互为备用，进线1和进线2的线路保护动作联跳高压侧分布式电源并网进线3及中压侧分布式电源进线4；Take the structure of the primary wiring diagram of Figure 2 as an example; during normal operation, incoming line 1 and incoming line 2 are backup for each other, and the line protection action of incoming line 1 and incoming line 2 jointly trips the high-voltage side distributed power grid-connected incoming line 3 and the medium-voltage side distributed power incoming line 4;

进线故障时设计以下两种进线纵联差动保护联跳并网线：When an incoming line fails, the following two types of incoming line longitudinal differential protection are designed to jump and connect to the grid:

联跳情况1：进线1保护投入，进线1联切进线3及进线4出口压板投入，进线1、进线3及进线4在合位，当进线1线路发生故障时，进线1保护动作跳进线1的同时联切进线3及进线4；Joint tripping situation 1: Incoming line 1 protection is activated, incoming line 1 is connected to incoming line 3 and incoming line 4 outlet pressure plate is activated, incoming line 1, incoming line 3 and incoming line 4 are in the closed position, when incoming line 1 line fails, incoming line 1 protection is activated to trip incoming line 1 and simultaneously connect incoming line 3 and incoming line 4;

联跳情况2：进线2保护投入，进线2联切进线3出口压板投入，进线2、进线3及进线4在合位，当进线2线路发生故障时，进线2保护动作跳进线2的同时联切进线3及进线4；Joint tripping situation 2: Incoming line 2 protection is activated, incoming line 2 is connected to incoming line 3 outlet pressure plate, incoming line 2, incoming line 3 and incoming line 4 are in the closed position. When incoming line 2 fails, incoming line 2 protection is activated to trip incoming line 2 and simultaneously disconnect incoming line 3 and incoming line 4.

第二类：备自投保护联切：Category 2: Backup automatic protection joint cut-off:

以图2的一次接线图的结构为例；正常运行时进线1和进线2互为备用，进线备自投保护动作联切进线3及进线4，确保备自投合闸时不发生非同期合闸；Take the structure of the primary wiring diagram of Figure 2 as an example; during normal operation, incoming line 1 and incoming line 2 are backup for each other, and the incoming line backup automatic protection action is connected to cut off incoming line 3 and incoming line 4 to ensure that asynchronous closing does not occur when the backup automatic closing is closed;

联跳情况3：备自投保护投入，备自投联切进线3及进线4的出口压板投入，当母线电压低于设定压定值，主供进线无流，备供进线有压，经电源跳闸时间后，跳主供进线断路器及进线3及进线4断路器，确认主供进线断路器及进线3及进线4断路器跳开后，经合备用电源延时后，合备供进线断路器；Joint tripping situation 3: The standby automatic protection is activated, and the outlet pressure plates of the standby automatic joint cut-off incoming line 3 and incoming line 4 are activated. When the bus voltage is lower than the set voltage, the main incoming line has no current, and the standby incoming line has pressure. After the power tripping time, the main incoming line circuit breaker and the incoming line 3 and 4 circuit breakers are tripped. After confirming that the main incoming line circuit breaker and the incoming line 3 and 4 circuit breakers have tripped, after the standby power delay, the standby incoming line circuit breaker is closed;

第三类：主变保护联跳：Category III: Main transformer protection tripping:

主变联跳主要是针对中压的分布式电源进线并网情况，以单母线双分段为例，主接线以图3为例，说明主变保护动作联跳中压侧分布式电源进线6的原理；The main transformer joint tripping is mainly aimed at the medium voltage distributed power supply incoming line grid connection situation. Taking the single busbar double segment as an example, the main connection is taken as an example in Figure 3 to explain the principle of the main transformer protection action joint tripping the medium voltage side distributed power supply incoming line 6;

联跳条件4：#1主变保护投入，#1主变联切进线6的出口压板投入，进线6在合位，420在分位或400在分位时，当#1主变保护动作跳410时，同时经420或400断路器分位辅助接点常闭联跳进线6；Joint trip condition 4: #1 main transformer protection is activated, the outlet pressure plate of #1 main transformer joint cut-off incoming line 6 is activated, incoming line 6 is in the closed position, 420 is in the open position or 400 is in the open position, when #1 main transformer protection is actuated to trip 410, at the same time, the normally closed auxiliary contact of the 420 or 400 circuit breaker is tripped to incoming line 6;

联跳条件5：#2主变保护投入，#2主变联切进线6的出口压板投入，进线6在合位，410在分位或400在分位时，当#2主变保护动作跳420时，同时经410或400断路器分位辅助接点常闭联跳进线6。Joint tripping condition 5: #2 main transformer protection is put into operation, the outlet pressure plate of #2 main transformer joint-cutting incoming line 6 is put into operation, incoming line 6 is in the closed position, 410 is in the open position or 400 is in the open position, when the #2 main transformer protection is actuated and trips 420, the incoming line 6 is tripped at the same time through the normally closed auxiliary contact of the open position of 410 or 400 circuit breaker.

S3.根据步骤S2得到的分析结果，进行防孤岛运行的联切回路应用范围分析；具体包括如下步骤：S3. According to the analysis results obtained in step S2, the application scope of the interlocking circuit for anti-islanding operation is analyzed; specifically comprising the following steps:

第一类：分布式电源并网变电站系统联络线纵联保护联跳电源进线：Category 1: Distributed power grid-connected substation system tie line longitudinal protection and inter-jump power supply line:

防止系统故障进线保护动作时，因分布式电源并网的存在，导致分布式电源接入站与系统隔离形成孤岛，从而实现加速小电源线路解列的目的，阻止非计划孤岛运行情况的出现，实现电网正常的重合闸、备自投动作及遥控合闸操作，避免出现变电站全停的情况；Prevent the distributed power access station from being isolated from the system and forming an island due to the existence of distributed power grid connection when the system fault incoming line protection is activated, thereby achieving the purpose of accelerating the decoupling of small power lines, preventing the occurrence of unplanned island operation, and realizing normal grid reclosing, standby automatic operation and remote control closing operation, avoiding the situation of complete shutdown of substations;

第二类：备自投保护联切：Category 2: Backup automatic protection joint cut-off:

防止系统故障进线保护未动作时，因分布式电源的存在，并网站与系统隔离形成孤岛；作为系统故障时进线保护联切的补充，在母线电压降到设定值的情况下，达到加速小电源线路解列的目的；同时，确保备自投合闸时不发生非同期合闸的有效手段；It prevents the existence of distributed power sources from isolating the site from the system and forming an island when the incoming line protection fails to work due to system faults; as a supplement to the incoming line protection joint switching during system faults, it can accelerate the disconnection of small power lines when the bus voltage drops to the set value; at the same time, it is an effective means to ensure that asynchronous closing does not occur when the standby automatic closing is closed;

第三类：主变保护联跳：Category III: Main transformer protection tripping:

防止系统故障主变保护跳闸，因分布式电源并网线路的存在，并网线路带中压侧母线及出现相关变电站与系统隔离形成孤岛运行的情况，从而达到加速分布式电源线路解列的目的，阻止非计划孤岛运行情况的出现；Prevent the main transformer protection from tripping due to system failure. Due to the existence of distributed power grid-connected lines, the grid-connected lines carry medium-voltage busbars and the related substations are isolated from the system to form an island operation, thereby accelerating the decoupling of distributed power lines and preventing the occurrence of unplanned island operation.

S4.根据步骤S3得到的分析结果，进行对应的防孤岛运行的联切回路设计；具体包括如下步骤：S4. According to the analysis results obtained in step S3, the corresponding anti-islanding operation joint cutting circuit design is performed; specifically comprising the following steps:

第一类：分布式电源并网变电站系统联络线纵联保护联跳电源进线：Category 1: Distributed power grid-connected substation system tie line longitudinal protection and inter-jump power supply line:

分别敷设进线1保护屏、进线2保护屏至进线3及进线4保护屏控制电缆各1根，分别用于进线1保护、进线2保护出口联跳进线3断路器及进线4；如图4所示；Lay one control cable each from the incoming line 1 protection screen, the incoming line 2 protection screen to the incoming line 3 and the incoming line 4 protection screen, and use them for the incoming line 1 protection and the incoming line 2 protection outlet to connect the incoming line 3 circuit breaker and the incoming line 4, as shown in Figure 4;

将进线1保护备用保护出口配线到端子排，增加联跳进线3及进线4出口压板及配线，采用永跳或手跳开入；Connect the standby protection outlet of incoming line 1 to the terminal block, add joint jumper outlet pressure plates and wiring for incoming line 3 and incoming line 4, and use permanent jumper or manual jumper to open;

将进线2保护备用保护出口配线到端子排，增加联跳进线3及进线4出口压板及配线，采用永跳或手跳开入；Connect the standby protection outlet of incoming line 2 to the terminal block, add joint jumper for incoming line 3 and incoming line 4 outlet pressure plates and wiring, and use permanent jumper or manual jumper to open;

第二类：备自投保护联切：Category 2: Backup automatic protection joint cut-off:

敷设备自投保护屏至进线3保护屏控制电缆1根，用于备自投保护出口联跳进线3断路器；如图5所示；Lay a control cable from the equipment automatic protection screen to the incoming line 3 protection screen, which is used to prepare the automatic protection outlet to jump the incoming line 3 circuit breaker; as shown in Figure 5;

投入备自投联切的控制字及出口矩阵，用于联跳进线3；The control word and export matrix of automatic switching of standby input are used for the joint jump incoming line 3;

第三类：主变保护联跳：Category III: Main transformer protection tripping:

通过选择主变保护跳中压侧断路器的出口继电器矩阵投入，开放相关备用跳闸出口，从而实现主变保护跳中压侧断路器时，经过相关的位置接点判断是否有孤岛，出口联跳相关并网线路；By selecting the output relay matrix of the main transformer protection tripping medium voltage side circuit breaker, the related standby tripping output is opened, so that when the main transformer protection trips the medium voltage side circuit breaker, it is determined through the related position contacts whether there is an island, and the output is linked to the related grid-connected line;

其二次回路原理如图3所示，分别敷设410断路器机构箱、420断路器机构箱、400断路器机构箱、进线6断路器机构箱至进线6保护屏控制电缆各1根用于主变中压侧进线开关分闸联跳进线6断路器。The principle of its secondary circuit is shown in Figure 3. One control cable each is laid from the 410 circuit breaker mechanism box, 420 circuit breaker mechanism box, 400 circuit breaker mechanism box, and incoming line 6 circuit breaker mechanism box to the incoming line 6 protection screen for opening and tripping of the incoming line switch on the medium voltage side of the main transformer and the incoming line 6 circuit breaker.

S5.采用步骤S4得到的防孤岛运行的联切回路设计，进行实际的分布式电源并网变电站的防非计划孤岛运行的保护。S5. Using the anti-islanding operation joint cutting circuit design obtained in step S4, the actual distributed power grid-connected substation is protected against unplanned islanding operation.

如图7所示为本发明系统的功能模块示意图：本发明公开的这种实现所述分布式电源并网变电站防非计划孤岛运行保护方法的系统，包括数据获取模块、联切回路分析模块、应用范围分析模块、联切回路设计模块和保护模块；数据获取模块、联切回路分析模块、应用范围分析模块、联切回路设计模块和保护模块依次串联；数据获取模块用于获取目标变电站的运行参数数据信息，并将数据信息上传联切回路分析模块；联切回路分析模块用于根据接收到的数据，进行防孤岛运行的联切回路分析，并将数据信息上传应用范围分析模块；应用范围分析模块用于根据接收到的数据，进行防孤岛运行的联切回路应用范围分析，并将数据信息上传联切回路设计模块；联切回路设计模块用于根据接收到的数据，进行对应的防孤岛运行的联切回路设计，并将数据信息上传保护模块；保护模块用于根据接收到的数据，采用防孤岛运行的联切回路设计结果，进行实际的分布式电源并网变电站的防非计划孤岛运行的保护。As shown in Figure 7, it is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of the system of the present invention: the system disclosed in the present invention for realizing the protection method for the distributed power grid-connected substation against unplanned islanding operation comprises a data acquisition module, a joint cutting circuit analysis module, an application range analysis module, a joint cutting circuit design module and a protection module; the data acquisition module, the joint cutting circuit analysis module, the application range analysis module, the joint cutting circuit design module and the protection module are connected in series in sequence; the data acquisition module is used to acquire the operating parameter data information of the target substation, and upload the data information to the joint cutting circuit analysis module; the joint cutting circuit analysis module is used to perform joint cutting circuit analysis for anti-islanding operation according to the received data, and upload the data information to the application range analysis module; the application range analysis module is used to perform application range analysis of the joint cutting circuit for anti-islanding operation according to the received data, and upload the data information to the joint cutting circuit design module; the joint cutting circuit design module is used to perform the corresponding joint cutting circuit design for anti-islanding operation according to the received data, and upload the data information to the protection module; the protection module is used to adopt the joint cutting circuit design result for anti-islanding operation according to the received data to perform the actual protection of the distributed power grid-connected substation against unplanned islanding operation.

Claims (2)

1. A protection method for preventing an unintended island operation of a distributed power grid-connected transformer substation comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring operation parameter data information of a target transformer substation;
s2, performing combined switching loop analysis of anti-islanding operation according to the operation parameter data information of the target transformer substation obtained in the step S1; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
aiming at 110kV grid-connected power supplies of 110kV and 35kV substations, 35kV grid-connected power supplies and the like, island-prevention operation of low-voltage side grid-connected small power supplies is not considered;
In order to prevent the formation of island operation conditions, the jump loops for preventing the unintended island operation are divided into 3 types, and 5 jump conditions are realized during the action;
First category: interconnection line longitudinal protection jump power inlet wire of distributed power grid-connected substation system
The line protection actions of the line 1 and the line 2 are combined with the high-voltage side distributed power grid-connected line 3 and the medium-voltage side distributed power line 4;
When the incoming line fails, the following two incoming line longitudinal differential protection combined-jump networking lines are designed:
joint jump case 1: the protection input of the wire 1 is carried out, the wire 1 is connected with the cutting wire 3 and the wire 4 is carried out through the outlet pressing plates, the wire 1, the wire 3 and the wire 4 are combined, and when the wire 1 breaks down, the wire 1 is connected with the cutting wire 3 and the wire 4 while the protection action of the wire 1 jumps the wire 1;
joint jump case 2: the protection input of the incoming line 2 is carried out, the incoming line 2 is connected with the inlet line 3, the outlet pressing plate input of the incoming line 3 is carried out, and when the line of the incoming line 2 fails, the incoming line 2 is protected, and the incoming line 3 and the incoming line 4 are connected with each other while the line 2 is jumped through the protection action of the incoming line 2;
the second category: and (5) automatic switching protection and combined switching:
The incoming line 1 and the incoming line 2 are mutually standby in normal operation, and the incoming line 3 and the incoming line 4 are jointly cut through the standby automatic switching protection action of the incoming line, so that non-synchronous switching on is avoided in the standby automatic switching on process;
Joint jump case 3: the automatic switching protection input is carried out, the automatic switching line 3 and the outlet pressing plate input of the line 4 are carried out, when the busbar voltage is lower than a set voltage fixed value, the main supply line is free of current, the standby supply line is under voltage, after the tripping time of a power supply, the main supply line breaker, the line 3 and the line 4 breaker are jumped, after the main supply line breaker, the line 3 and the line 4 breaker are jumped, and after the line breaker is jumped, the standby supply line breaker is closed after the standby power supply is closed for time delay;
third category: main transformer protection joint jump:
joint jump condition 4: the main transformer protection input is carried out in #1, the outlet pressing plate of the main transformer cut-in line 6 is put in #1, the line 6 is in a combination position, when 420 is in a split position or 400 is in a split position, when the main transformer protection action of #1 jumps to 410, the line 6 is jumped by the normally closed connection of the auxiliary contact of 420 or 400 circuit breaker;
Joint jump condition 5: the main transformer protection input is #2, the outlet pressing plate of the main transformer combined cutting inlet wire 6 is input, the inlet wire 6 is at the combining position, 410 is at the dividing position or 400 is at the dividing position, and when the main transformer protection action of #2 jumps 420, the inlet wire 6 is normally closed and jumped through the dividing auxiliary contact of the 410 or 400 circuit breaker;
S3, analyzing the application range of the combined switching loop for anti-islanding operation according to the analysis result obtained in the step S2; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
first category: interconnection line longitudinal protection jump power inlet wire of distributed power grid-connected substation system:
When the system fault incoming line protection action is prevented, the distributed power supply access station is isolated from the system to form an island due to the existence of the distributed power supply grid connection, so that the purpose of accelerating the disconnection of a small power supply line is realized, the occurrence of an unplanned island operation condition is prevented, the normal reclosing, spare power automatic switching action and remote control switching operation of a power grid are realized, and the situation of complete stop of a transformer substation is avoided;
the second category: and (5) automatic switching protection and combined switching:
When the system fault incoming line protection is not operated, the grid-connected station is isolated from the system to form an island due to the existence of a distributed power supply; as the supplement of the line-in protection combined cutting during the system fault, the purpose of accelerating the disconnection of the small power supply line is achieved under the condition that the bus voltage is reduced to a set value; meanwhile, an effective means of ensuring that non-synchronous switching-on does not occur during automatic switching-on of the spare power is ensured;
third category: main transformer protection joint jump:
the system fault main transformer protection tripping is prevented, and due to the existence of a distributed power grid-connected line, a medium-voltage side bus in a grid-connected line belt and the situation that a related transformer substation is isolated from the system to form island operation are avoided, so that the purpose of accelerating the disconnection of the distributed power line is achieved, and the occurrence of an unplanned island operation situation is prevented;
s4, performing corresponding anti-islanding operation combined switching loop design according to the analysis result obtained in the step S3; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
first category: interconnection line longitudinal protection jump power inlet wire of distributed power grid-connected substation system:
Respectively laying 1 protection screen of the incoming line 1,2 protection screens of the incoming line to 1 control cable of the protection screen of the incoming line 3 and 4, and respectively using the protection screen of the incoming line 1, the protection outlet of the incoming line 2, the circuit breaker of the incoming line 3 and the incoming line 4;
The wire inlet 1 is protected to be protected, a standby protection outlet is distributed to a terminal block, a wire inlet 3 and a wire inlet 4 are additionally connected, a wire outlet pressing plate and a wire distribution are arranged, and permanent jump or hand jump is adopted for entering;
The wire inlet 2 is protected to be protected, a standby protection outlet is distributed to a terminal block, a wire inlet 3 and a wire inlet 4 outlet pressing plate and distribution are additionally arranged, and permanent jump or hand jump is adopted for entering;
the second category: and (5) automatic switching protection and combined switching:
the 1-wire laying device controls the 1-wire laying device from the automatic switching protection screen to the incoming line 3 protection screen and is used for the spare automatic switching protection outlet to jump into the line 3 breaker;
The control word and the exit matrix of the automatic switching are input and used for the jump line 3;
third category: main transformer protection joint jump:
The method comprises the steps that through selecting an outlet relay matrix input of a main transformer protection tripping medium-voltage side breaker, a related standby tripping outlet is opened, so that whether an island exists or not is judged through a related position contact when the main transformer protection tripping medium-voltage side breaker is realized, and the outlet is connected with a related parallel network line;
Respectively laying 410 breaker mechanism boxes, 420 breaker mechanism boxes, 400 breaker mechanism boxes and incoming 6 breaker mechanism boxes to 1 breaker for the main transformer medium voltage side incoming switch break-gate connection jump-in 6 of incoming 6 protection screen control cables;
s5, adopting the combined switching loop design for preventing the island operation, which is obtained in the step S4, to protect the actual distributed power grid-connected substation from the unintended island operation.
2. A system for realizing the protection method for preventing the unplanned island operation of the distributed power grid-connected transformer substation according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising island information acquisition, combined switching loop analysis, combined switching loop design module and protection action loop module; the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the operation parameter data information of the target transformer substation and forming island analysis of the data information through a hardware circuit; the combined switching loop analysis module is used for analyzing the application range of the combined switching loop of the anti-islanding operation according to the received data and uploading the data information to the combined switching loop design module; the combined switching loop design module is used for carrying out corresponding combined switching loop action outlet for preventing island operation according to the received information and carrying out the protection and control of the actual distributed power grid-connected transformer substation for preventing the unintended island operation.
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CN1812226A (en) * 2005-01-25 2006-08-02 辽宁省电力有限公司辽阳供电公司 Adaptive master variable, parent connection and connecting line stand-by dispensing device and realizing method
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CN1812226A (en) * 2005-01-25 2006-08-02 辽宁省电力有限公司辽阳供电公司 Adaptive master variable, parent connection and connecting line stand-by dispensing device and realizing method
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