CN115475987A - A multi-functional fixture for micro-milling of micro-small parts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-functional tooling fixture for micro-milling micro-miniature parts. In order to solve the problems of high difficulty in workpiece clamping, low efficiency and difficult guarantee of clamping quality in the micro-milling process of micro-small parts. The technical scheme adopted by the present invention includes a fixed tong body and a movable tong body arranged on the base, the left and right tops are arranged on the fixed tong body, a V-shaped block is arranged on the left end of the fixed tong body, and a precision jaw plate is arranged on the left end of the movable tong body. A replaceable clamping module is set between the V-shaped block and the precision jaw plate. The right side of the movable clamp body is connected with a protruding screw rod. By turning the handle, the screw rod can be moved forward or backward, and the movable clamp body can be driven through the metal guide rail. It can move forward or backward along the fixed body of the clamp. Through this structure, the clamping of thin-plate and block-type micro-small parts is realized, and multiple sets of fixtures are not needed, which reduces the cost.

Description

A multi-functional fixture for micro-milling of micro-small parts

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of special fixtures for micro-machining, in particular to a multifunctional tooling fixture for micro-milling micro-miniature parts.

Background technique

With the development of mechanical products towards precision and miniaturization, the application of micro and small parts is becoming more and more extensive, and the demand is increasing day by day. Such parts have played an irreplaceable role in the fields of modern medicine, precision instruments and biotechnology.

Micro-milling technology is an effective means to realize the precision machining of micro-miniature parts, and plays a decisive role in the processing and manufacturing of micro-miniature parts. In the process of micro milling, the clamping quality of micro parts has an important influence on the machining accuracy. Due to the small structural features, micro-sized parts often have the problem of difficult clamping in the milling process, which makes the clamping process of such parts time-consuming and laborious. Sometimes the clamping time even reaches half or more of the entire processing time, which is greatly reduced. improved processing efficiency. In addition, for micro-sized parts with complex structures, it may be necessary to use multiple sets of fixtures for clamping during the machining process, thereby introducing clamping errors and further affecting the machining accuracy of the parts.

Therefore, in the process of micro-milling, it is particularly important to design special fixtures for micro-small parts, which has important practical significance.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problems that the workpiece clamping is difficult, the efficiency is low, and the clamping quality is difficult to guarantee in the micro-milling process of micro-miniature parts, the present invention provides a multifunctional tooling fixture for micro-milling micro-miniature parts, which can be applied to shafts Efficient clamping of small and small parts such as plates, blocks, and complex curved surfaces.

In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a multi-functional tooling fixture for micro-milling of micro-small parts, including a base, and the base is provided with a fixed tong body and a movable tong body, and the fixed tong body and the movable tong body There are metal guide rails between the clamp bodies to make the movable clamp body slide back and forth along the fixed clamp body. The right top of the clamping device on the fixed clamp body is welded on the top seat, and the top seat is connected to the fixed clamp body by hexagon socket head screws. It is characterized in that: the right side of the movable clamp body is connected with a protruding screw rod, the protruding end of the screw rod is covered with a coupling, and the end of the protruding end is provided with a driving nut; the bottom of the fixed clamp body A square nut is arranged in the groove, the outer surface of the screw is provided with trapezoidal threads, the screw is connected with the square nut through the trapezoidal threads, and the square nut is fixedly connected with the fixed clamp body; the driving nut is connected with a handle to realize the movement of the screw Advance or retreat of the clamp body;

The left end of the fixed clamp body is provided with a V-shaped block, the left end of the movable clamp body is provided with a precision jaw plate, and a replaceable clamping module is arranged between the V-shaped block and the precision jaw plate, and the clamping module It includes a module substrate, a cylindrical stepped pin, a cushion block and a rectangular pressing block; one side of the upper surface of the template substrate is provided with an array of threaded holes, and the other side is provided with a rotating pressure plate; the threaded holes are provided with double-ended studs, double-ended The other end of the stud is connected with the rotary pressure plate or the rectangular pressure block, and is tightened by the matching standard nut. The threaded hole of the module base plate is also provided with a pad with a hole, which is used to pad the workpiece or the rectangular pressure block. To the appropriate height, cylindrical stepped pins are used in conjunction with holes on the module base plate to position and limit the pads.

Further, the left end of the fixed clamp body is provided with a dovetail structure, and the V-shaped block is provided with a dovetail structure, and the V-shaped block is connected with the fixed clamp body through the cooperation of the dovetail and the dovetail groove.

Further, a positioning block is arranged on the side of the V-shaped block on the fixed clamp body, and the positioning block is fixed on the fixed clamp body by slotted cylindrical head screws.

Further, a backing plate is arranged between the base and the fixed tong body, and the backing plate is connected to the fixed tong body by four slotted cylindrical head screws, and connected to the base by double-headed studs and four slotted countersunk screws.

Further, the square nut is connected with the movable clamp body by tightening the handle.

Further, the clamping module is connected with the fixed clamp body through 4 conical pins.

Further, a long slot is opened on the positioning block.

Further, the screw rod is provided with a screw rod cover which plays a dust-proof role, and the screw rod cover is fixed on the fixed pliers body by slotted cylindrical head screws.

Further, a spring and a locking nut are arranged on the top left side of the clamping device on the fixed clamp body to prevent loosening during the tightening process of the parts.

Further, the upper opening of the dovetail groove is large, and the lower opening is small with a taper.

The beneficial effect that the present invention can reach:

1) The present invention is simple in structure and easy to install, and is suitable for mass micro-milling processing of various types of micro-small parts. It adopts replaceable clamping modules, and does not need to use multiple sets of fixtures during the processing process, which reduces costs and realizes thin plates and blocks. Clamping of such micro-small parts, specifically, rectangular pressing blocks, double-ended studs and corresponding nuts are used together to compress relatively thick block workpieces; rotating pressure plates, double-ended studs and corresponding standard Nuts are used together to compress thinner plate workpieces. There is no need to separately design plate and block fixtures.

2) The present invention is aimed at the same type of miniature parts. When the processing requirements or dimensional characteristics are different, the fixture designed by the present invention can provide various clamping schemes. Take the shaft parts as an example, when the small shaft parts are suitable for vertical processing, place the parts in the notch of the V-shaped block, and rotate the handle to form a clamping force between the movable clamp body and the V-shaped block. In order to achieve clamping; when the small shaft parts are suitable for processing in the horizontal direction, when the center hole is reserved on the part, place the part between the top and the top seat, and adjust the position of the lock nut and the top seat Clamp the miniature shaft parts to realize clamping. Taking block parts as an example again, for larger block parts, the movable clamp body can be reciprocated, and the block parts can be clamped between the V-shaped block and the precision jaw plate; for relatively small block parts Such parts can be clamped by using rectangular pressing blocks, double-ended studs and corresponding nuts.

3) The multifunctional fixture suitable for miniature parts designed by the present invention has good clamping reliability and good self-locking property. For example, the top of the clamping device of the present invention is provided with a spring and a lock nut to prevent loosening during the clamping process of the parts; as another example, a spring is also arranged on the replaceable clamping module to prevent the rotation of the clamping plate or the rectangular pressing block. Loose, also has a self-locking function.

4) The structure of the present invention can use the positioning block to align the workpiece when clamping the miniature parts, which can reduce the auxiliary clamping time (such as alignment and tool setting time), and improve the production efficiency of the parts.

5) The present invention has multi-functionality, and can be used for efficient clamping of parts such as miniature shafts, plates, blocks, and complex curved surfaces, and the corresponding main functional modules can be adjusted and replaced, and can ensure that the functional modules Easy to assemble and disassemble.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a top view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the A-A view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the C-C sectional view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a front view of the fixed clamp body;

Fig. 6 is a front view of the movable clamp body.

In the figure: 1-base, 2-backing plate, 3-slotted countersunk head screw, 4-screw cover, 5-slotted cylindrical head screw, 6-lock nut, 7-spring, 8-top, 9- Hexagon socket head screw, 10-point seat, 11-fixed clamp body, 12-V-shaped block, 13-taper pin, 14-stud stud, 15-nut, 16-spring, 17-module base plate, 18- Precision jaw plate, 19-slotted countersunk head screw, 20-movable clamp body, 21-stud stud, 22-spring washer, 23-nut, 24-square nut, 25-tightening handle, 26-screw , 27-flat key, 28-coupling, 29-handle, 30-drive nut, 31-slotted cylinder head screw, 32-locating block, 33-cylindrical step pin, 34-rotary pressure plate, 35-pad, 36 - Rectangular compact.

detailed description

In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

This embodiment provides a multifunctional tooling fixture for micro-milling of micro-small parts, as shown in Figures 1-6, including a base 1, a backing plate 2, a slotted countersunk screw 3, a screw cover 4, and a slotted Cylindrical head screw 5, lock nut 6, spring 7, center point 8, hexagon socket head cap screw 9, center seat 10, fixed clamp body 11, V-shaped block 12, conical pin 13, double-ended stud 14, nut 15, Spring 16, module base plate 17, precision jaw plate 18, slotted countersunk head screw 19, movable clamp body 20, stud stud 21, spring washer 22, nut 23, square nut 24, tightening handle 25, screw rod 26 , Flat key 27, coupling 28, handle 29, drive nut 30, slotted cylinder head screw 31, positioning block 32, cylindrical stepped pin 33, rotating platen 34, pad 35, rectangular pressing block 36.

The above-mentioned fixed clamp body 11 is arranged on the base 1, and a positioning slot is opened at both ends of the base for fixing the base 1 to a corresponding milling machine. In order to facilitate the connection between the base 1 and the fixed clamp body 11 and reduce the Friction and wear between the two, the upper surface of the base 1 is provided with a backing plate 2, the backing plate 2 is connected with the fixed clamp body 11 through 4 slotted cylindrical head screws, and the backing plate 2 passes through the double-ended stud 21 and the spring at the same time. The washer 22, the nut 23 and four slotted countersunk screws 3 are connected to the base 1, and the relative movement and rotation between the base 1 and the clamp body can be realized by adopting this connection method, so as to facilitate flexible clamping.

The right side of the above-mentioned movable clamp body 20 is provided with a screw rod 26, the extended end of the screw rod 26 is provided with a coupling 28, and the end of the extended end is provided with a drive nut 30; the drive nut 30 is provided with a threaded hole , the handle 29 is connected together with the driving nut 30 through threaded connection, by turning the handle 29, the screw rod 26 can be advanced or retreated, and the movable clamp body 20 can be moved forward or backward along the fixed clamp body 11 through the metal guide rail, and the metal guide rail can be positioned horizontally And produce the effect of relative movement, thus realize the precise positioning and clamping of parts; the bottom groove of fixed clamp body 11 is provided with square nut 24, and the outer surface of screw rod 26 has trapezoidal thread, and screw rod 26 is connected with square nut by trapezoidal thread 24 cooperate to play the role of power transmission, in order to facilitate fastening and dismounting, the square nut 24 is connected with the fixed clamp body 11 by tightening the turning handle 25, and the screw rod 26 is provided with a screw rod cover 4 that plays a dustproof role, The screw blocking cover 4 is fixed on the fixed clamp body 11 by the slotted cylindrical head screw 5 .

There is a clamping device on the above-mentioned fixed clamp body 11, and the clamping device includes a top seat 10. Two tops on the left and right are arranged on the top seat 10, and a spring 7 and a lock nut 6 are provided on the left top 8 to prevent parts from being clamped during the clamping process. Looseness occurs, so that it can better tighten the parts that need to be clamped, and the other top is welded into one with the top seat 10, and the top seat 10 is connected to the fixed clamp body 11 of the clamp body through the hexagon socket head cap screw 9 Easy to install, disassemble and adjust. The lock nut 6, the spring 7, the tip 8, the hexagon socket head screw 9, and the tip seat 10 constitute a module for clamping a miniature shaft part with a central hole, and the clamping length can be adjusted according to the actual working condition , so that the designed fixture is fully functional. In addition, the apex seat 10 welded with the apex can also be replaced by a three-jaw chuck.

The left end of the fixed clamp body 11 is provided with a dovetail groove structure, and the V-shaped block 12 is provided with a dovetail structure, and the V-shaped block 12 is connected with the fixed clamp body 11 through the cooperation of the dovetail and the dovetail groove. The precision jaw plate 18 is provided with a replaceable clamping module between the V-shaped block 12 and the precision jaw plate 18, and the module can be installed or disassembled at any time. The clamping module is composed of a module base plate 17, a cylindrical stepped pin 33, a rotating pressure plate 34, a cushion block 35, and a rectangular pressing block 36. Standard threaded holes are arranged in an array on one side of the upper surface of the template base plate 17, which is convenient for use with studs. 14 connection; the other side is provided with a rotary pressure plate 34; the threaded hole is provided with a double-ended stud 14, and the other end of the double-ended stud 14 is connected with the rotary pressure plate 34 or the rectangular briquetting block 36, and passed the matching standard The nut 15 is tightened, and the threaded hole of the module base plate 17 is also provided with a spacer 35 with a hole, which is used to pad the workpiece or the rectangular pressing block 36 to a suitable height, and the cylindrical stepped pin 33 and the module base plate 17 It is used in conjunction with the hole to position and limit the pad 35. The replaceable clamping module can be used for clamping the same type of micro-small parts, and can be customized according to the actual situation. To facilitate installation and disassembly, the replaceable clamping module is connected to the clamping body through four conical pins 13, and the conical pins 13 play a positioning role to prevent the replaceable clamping module from moving during use.

The upper opening of the dovetail groove is large and the lower opening is small (it has a certain taper, and the taper can be set according to the actual situation). The V-shaped block 12 is matched with the fixed clamp body 11 on the clamp body through the dovetail groove. Improve the clamping accuracy and stability, and avoid the additional use of threaded fasteners for connection. The V-shaped block 12 can not only be used for clamping square workpieces, but also can be used for clamping micro-cylindrical parts or parts with partial cylindrical structure features. The size of the V-shaped block 12 can be adjusted or replaced according to actual conditions.

The side fixed clamp body 11 of the above-mentioned V-shaped block 12 is provided with a positioning block 32, and the positioning block 32 is fixed on the fixed clamp body 11 of the clamp body through a slotted cylindrical head screw 31, in order to realize the rapid positioning and assembly of planar parts. clip; the positioning block 32 is provided with a long slot, which is convenient for installation and adjustment according to the actual situation.

Working process of the present invention is as follows:

Place the multifunctional fixture of the present invention on the workbench of the machine tool, and fix the multifunctional fixture to the corresponding machine tool through the bolts and the positioning slots on the base 1 .

The clamping process of block parts: when clamping block parts, if the clamping module is installed on the clamp body, the conical pin 13 needs to be pulled out first, and then clamping can be performed after the clamping module is disassembled. Turn the handle 29 on the right side of the multi-functional clamp, the power is transmitted to the screw 26 through the flat key 27 and the coupling 28, and the screw 26 realizes reciprocating motion, because the square nut 24 is connected with the movable clamp body 20 by tightening the handle 25 , through the cooperation of the external thread on the screw rod 26 and the internal thread on the square nut 24, the movable clamp body 20 is driven to reciprocate, and since there is a metal guide rail between the fixed clamp body and the movable clamp body, it is easy to realize the clamping of the clamp With the function of disassembly, finally, the block parts are clamped between the V-shaped block 12 and the precision jaw plate 18. After the parts are processed, the clamping device or the pressing device is released, and the processed workpiece can be taken out. .

The clamping process of shaft parts: when the tiny shaft parts are suitable for processing in the vertical direction, place the parts in the notch of the V-shaped block 12, and rotate the handle 29 to make the gap between the movable clamp body 20 and the V-shaped block 12 Clamping force is formed to realize clamping. When small shaft parts are suitable for processing in the horizontal direction, place the part between the center point 8 and the center seat 10 when the center hole is reserved on the part, and adjust the position of the lock nut 6 and the center seat 10 Tighten the miniature shaft parts to realize clamping.

Clamping process of plate parts or stepped parts: when clamping plate parts or stepped parts, first rotate the handle 29 to separate the movable clamp body 20 and the fixed clamp body 11 to a suitable position, and then place the replaceable clamping module On the clamp body, use the conical pin 13 to position the replaceable clamping module, loosen the nut 15, place the plate part or stepped surface part on the module base plate 17, and screw it into the standard threaded hole on the module base plate 17. Insert studs 14, place springs 16, utilize rotating press plate 34 to push down plate parts, tighten nuts 15, and the corresponding parts are clamped on the clamp body.

The above-mentioned examples are used to further illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these specific implementation processes, but should include all implementations falling within the scope of the patent authorization requirements of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-functional tooling fixture for micro-milling micro-small parts, including a base (1), the base (1) is provided with a fixed clamp body (11) and a movable clamp body (20), the fixed clamp body A metal guide rail is set between (11) and the movable tong body (20) to make the movable tong body (20) slide back and forth along the fixed tong body (11), and the right top of the clamping device on the fixed tong body (11) is welded to the top On the seat (10), the top seat (10) is connected to the fixed clamp body (11) through the hexagon socket head cap screw (9), and it is characterized in that: the right side of the movable clamp body (20) is connected with a screw (26), the protruding end of the screw (26) is covered with a coupling (28), and the end of the protruding end is provided with a driving nut (30); the bottom of the fixed clamp body (11) is concave A square nut (24) is arranged in the groove, and the outer surface of the screw (26) is provided with a trapezoidal thread, the screw (26) is connected with the square nut (24) through the trapezoidal thread, and the square nut (24) is fixedly connected with the fixed clamp body; The drive nut (30) is connected with a handle (29), so that the screw rod (26) drives the movable clamp body (20) forward or backward; The left end of the fixed clamp body (11) is provided with a V-shaped block (12), the left end of the movable clamp body (20) is provided with a precision jaw plate (18), and the V-shaped block (12) and the precision jaw plate (18) ) is provided with a replaceable clamping module, the clamping module includes a module base plate (17), a cylindrical ladder pin (33), a spacer (35) and a rectangular pressing block (36); the template base plate (17) One side of the upper surface is provided with an array of threaded holes, and the other side is provided with a rotating pressure plate (34); the threaded hole is provided with a stud (14), and the other end of the stud (14) is connected to the rotating pressure plate (34) or rectangular pressure block (36), and tightened by matching standard nuts (15), the threaded hole of the module base plate (17) is also provided with a spacer (35) with holes for Pad the workpiece or the rectangular pressing block (36) to a suitable height, and use the cylindrical stepped pin (33) in cooperation with the hole on the module base plate (17) to position and limit the spacer (35). 2. A multi-functional tooling fixture for micro-milling micro-miniature parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: the left end of the fixed clamp body (11) is provided with a dovetail groove structure, and the V-shaped block ( 12) There is a dovetail structure on the top, and the V-shaped block (12) is connected with the fixed clamp body (11) through the cooperation of the dovetail and the dovetail groove. 3. A multi-functional tooling fixture for micro-milling micro-small parts according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the side fixed clamp body (11) of the V-shaped block (12) is provided with The positioning block (32), the positioning block (32) is fixed on the fixed clamp body (11) by the slotted cylindrical head screw (31). 4. A multi-functional tooling fixture for micro-milling micro-miniature parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: a backing plate (2) is provided between the base (1) and the fixed clamp body (11) ), the backing plate (2) is connected to the clamp body (11) through 4 slotted cylindrical head screws, and connected to the base (1) through studs (21) and 4 slotted countersunk screws (3). 5. A multi-functional tooling fixture for micro-milling micro-miniature parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: the square nut (24) is tightened by tightening the handle (25) and the movable clamp body ( 20) Connected. 6. A multi-functional fixture for micro-milling of micro-miniature parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: the clamping module is connected to the fixed clamp body (11) through 4 conical pins (13) . 7. A multi-functional tooling fixture for micro-milling micro-miniature parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: the positioning block (32) is provided with a long slot. 8. A multi-functional fixture for micro-milling of micro-small parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: the screw (26) is provided with a screw cover (4) which plays a dust-proof role , the screw cover (4) is fixed on the fixed clamp body (11) by slotted cylindrical head screws (5). 9. A multi-functional tooling fixture for micro-milling micro-small parts according to claim 8, characterized in that: the left top of the clamping device on the fixed clamp body (11) is provided with a spring (7) and lock nut (6) prevent loosening of parts during tightening. 10. A multi-functional fixture for micro-milling micro-miniature parts according to claim 9, characterized in that: the upper opening of the dovetail groove is large, and the lower opening is small, with a taper.

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