CN115472708A - Photovoltaic module manufacturing process - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a photovoltaic module manufacturing process, which relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module manufacturing, the photovoltaic module manufacturing process, the photovoltaic module manufacturing process, the manufacturing process includes the following steps: S10: detecting and classifying the cells; S11: Qualified battery sheets are welded, and the positive and negative electrodes of multiple battery sheets are connected in series to form a component string; S12: laying and laminating the backplane, glass fiber, EVA board, battery sheet and tempered glass; S13: Laminating the The laminated photovoltaic modules are trimmed, and a frame is installed for protection; S14: Weld a junction box on the back of the photovoltaic module; S15: Perform high-voltage testing and component testing on the assembled photovoltaic modules.

Description

A photovoltaic module manufacturing process

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module manufacturing, in particular to a photovoltaic module manufacturing process.

Background technique

A single solar cell cannot be directly used as a power source. As a power supply, a number of single cells must be connected in series or in parallel and tightly packed into modules. Photovoltaic modules are the core part of solar power generation systems and the most important part of solar power generation systems. When manufacturing photovoltaic modules, the batteries that have been welded in series The pieces are positioned, spliced together, then subjected to infrared testing and visual inspection, followed by layup and component lamination, trimming, and finally framing and soldering of junction boxes on the back.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module manufacturing process, aiming at solving the problem of low yield rate in the prior art when manufacturing photovoltaic modules.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the photovoltaic module manufacturing process, the manufacturing process includes the following steps:

S10: Detecting and classifying the cells;

S11: Weld the battery sheets that pass the test, and connect the positive and negative electrodes of multiple battery sheets in series to form a component string;

S12: laying and laminating the backplane, glass fiber, EVA board, battery sheet and tempered glass;

S13: Trimming the laminated photovoltaic modules, and installing a frame for protection;

S14: Solder a junction box on the back of the photovoltaic module;

S15: Perform high voltage test and component test on the assembled photovoltaic modules.

A further technical solution of the present invention is that, in the step S10 , classify the batteries by testing their output parameters, and classify battery slices with identical or similar output parameters into one category.

A further technical solution of the present invention is that the welding in the step S11 is divided into front welding and back welding, and the front welding is to weld the confluence strip to the front of the battery sheet, the confluence strip is a conductive metal strip, and its length is twice as much.

A further technical solution of the present invention is that the backside welding is to weld the part of the busbar beyond the battery piece to the backside electrode of another battery piece, so that the positive and negative electrodes of multiple battery pieces are connected in series and connected in series. The positive and negative poles of the connected battery assembly are welded to lead wires.

A further technical solution of the present invention is that the step S12 includes two steps of laying and lamination, the battery pack in the step S11 is detected before laying, the tempered glass is cleaned, and the EVA board is cut, wherein the EVA board has two Then lay the backplane, glass fiber, EVA board, battery sheet and tempered glass. The laying sequence from bottom to top is backplane, glass fiber, EVA board, battery sheet, EVA board and tempered glass.

A further technical solution of the present invention is to put the installed photovoltaic modules into the laminator, and take out the air in the machine to make it vacuum, and then heat the EVA through the heating plate to melt the battery, glass and back The boards are glued together and finally cooled to remove the assembly.

A further technical solution of the present invention is that the trimming in the step S13 is to remove the burrs after the EVA is melted and solidified outward due to the pressure during the lamination in the step S12, so as to ensure the flatness of the side of the photovoltaic module, and then remove the burrs on the photovoltaic module Frames are installed on the four sides.

A further technical solution of the present invention is that when the frame is installed, the four frames are respectively aligned with the four sides of the photovoltaic module, and then the ends of the four frames are connected sequentially through corner keys, and the gap between the frame and the photovoltaic module is fixed. Filled with resin.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention improves the utilization rate of the battery by inspecting and screening the battery sheet. When welding, the welding ribbon is welded in the form of multi-point spot welding, which reduces excessive welding, slivers and welding tension, and controls the lamination cycle time and curing through vacuum lamination. Temperature improves the quality of lamination, avoids bubbles, scratches, bulges and slivers in photovoltaic modules, and improves the yield rate of photovoltaic modules during manufacturing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a process flow block diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the photovoltaic module of the present invention.

In the figure: 10, back plate; 11, glass fiber; 12, EVA; 13, battery sheet; 14, tempered glass; 20, frame; 21, corner key.

detailed description

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

A photovoltaic module manufacturing process, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the photovoltaic module manufacturing process, the manufacturing process includes the following steps:

S10: Detect and classify the battery sheet 13;

S11: Weld the battery sheets that pass the test, and connect the positive and negative electrodes of the battery sheets 13 in series to form a component string;

S12: laying and laminating the backplane 10, glass fiber 11, EVA12, battery sheet 13 and tempered glass 14;

S13: Trimming the laminated photovoltaic modules and installing a frame for protection;

S14: Solder a junction box on the back of the photovoltaic module;

S15: Perform high voltage test and component test on the assembled photovoltaic modules.

In step S10, the battery slices 13 are classified by testing the output parameters of the battery slices 13, and the battery slices 13 with the same or similar output parameters are classified into one category, wherein the output parameters refer to the output current and output voltage of the battery slices, and the performance is consistent or similar. The combination of similar batteries can improve the utilization rate of the battery.

The welding in step S11 is divided into front side welding and back side welding. The front side welding is to weld the busbar to the front side of the battery sheet 13. The busbar is a conductive metal strip, and the tinned copper strip is selected here, and its length is 13mm. The back welding is to weld the part of the bus strip beyond the battery sheet 13 to the back electrode of another battery sheet 13, so that the positive and negative electrodes of multiple battery sheets 13 are connected in series, and the battery after series connection The positive and negative poles of the components are welded to lead wires. When welding, the welding strips are spot-welded on the main grid line of the battery front (negative pole) in the form of multiple points. When the battery is welded, the membrane plate is used for positioning. The membrane plate is provided with a battery The groove of the sheet, the size of the groove corresponds to the size of the battery.

Step S12 includes two steps of laying and lamination. Before laying, the battery pack in step S11 is tested, the tempered glass 14 is cleaned, and the EVA12 board is cut. There are two EVA12 boards. , EVA12, battery sheet 13 and tempered glass 14 for laying, the laying sequence from bottom to top is back plate 10, glass fiber 11, EVA12, battery sheet 13, EVA13 and tempered glass 14, when laying, ensure that the battery string and glass etc. The relative position of the materials, adjust the distance between the cells, put the laid photovoltaic modules into the laminator, and pump out the air in the machine to make it vacuum, and then heat the EVA12 through the heating plate to melt the cells, The glass and the backplane are bonded together, and finally cooled to take out the assembly. The lamination cycle time is about 25 minutes during lamination, and the curing temperature is 150°C. The tempered glass 14 is made of coated tempered glass, which ensures light transmittance while Improved its UV resistance.

Trimming in step S13 is to remove the burr after the EVA12 is melted and solidified outward due to pressure during lamination in step S12, so as to ensure the flatness of the sides of the photovoltaic module, and then install the frame 20 on the four sides of the photovoltaic module. Align the four frames 20 with the four sides of the photovoltaic module respectively, and then connect the ends of the four frames sequentially through corner keys 21, and fill the gap between the frame 20 and the photovoltaic module with resin.

In this specific example,

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated Connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Accordingly, the embodiments should be regarded in all points of view as exemplary and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes within the meaning and range of equivalents of the elements are embraced in the present invention. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not each implementation mode only includes an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be properly combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (8)

1. A photovoltaic module manufacturing process, characterized in that the manufacturing process comprises the steps of:

s10: detecting and classifying the battery pieces;

s11: welding qualified battery pieces, and connecting the welded positive and negative sides of the plurality of battery pieces in series to form an assembly string;

s12: laying and laminating the back plate, the glass fiber, the EVA plate, the battery piece and the toughened glass;

s13: trimming the laminated photovoltaic module, and installing a frame for protection;

s14: welding a junction box on the back of the photovoltaic module;

s15: and carrying out high-voltage test and assembly test on the assembled photovoltaic assembly.

2. The process for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the cells are classified in step S10 by testing their output parameters, and the cells having the same or similar output parameters are classified into one group.

3. The process for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the welding in step S11 is divided into front welding and back welding, the front welding is performed by welding a bus bar to the front surface of the cell piece, and the bus bar is a conductive metal strip twice as long as the cell piece.

4. The process for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 3, wherein the back welding is to weld the part of the bus bar beyond the cell to the back electrode of another cell, so that the positive and negative electrodes of the plurality of cells are connected in series on one side, and lead wires are welded to the positive and negative electrodes of the connected cell module.

5. The manufacturing process of the photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the step S12 includes two steps of laying and laminating, the battery pack in the step S11 is inspected before laying, tempered glass is cleaned, and EVA plates are cut, wherein there are two EVA plates, and then the back plate, the glass fiber, the EVA plate, the battery piece and the tempered glass are laid in the order of the back plate, the glass fiber, the EVA plate, the battery piece, the EVA plate and the tempered glass from bottom to top.

6. A process according to claim 5, wherein the photovoltaic module is prepared by placing the photovoltaic module in a laminator, evacuating the air from the laminator, heating the EVA with a hot plate to melt it and bond the cell, glass and backsheet together, cooling and removing the module, wherein the lamination cycle time is about 25 minutes and the curing temperature is 150 ℃.

7. The manufacturing process of the photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the trimming in step S13 is to remove burrs formed by the EVA which is melted and then extended and cured outwards due to pressure during the lamination in step S12, so as to ensure the flatness of the sides of the photovoltaic module, and then to mount the frames on the four sides of the photovoltaic module.

8. The process for manufacturing the photovoltaic module as claimed in claim 7, wherein the frame is installed by aligning four frames with four sides of the photovoltaic module, connecting the four frames end to end in sequence through corner keys, and filling resin in gaps between the frames and the photovoltaic module.

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