CN115467293A - Interlocking precast concrete block canal construction method - Google Patents
Interlocking precast concrete block canal construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115467293A CN115467293A CN202211305260.0A CN202211305260A CN115467293A CN 115467293 A CN115467293 A CN 115467293A CN 202211305260 A CN202211305260 A CN 202211305260A CN 115467293 A CN115467293 A CN 115467293A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004826 seaming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N spiromesifen Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(C(O1)=O)=C(OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C)C11CCCC1 GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B5/00—Artificial water canals, e.g. irrigation canals
- E02B5/02—Making or lining canals
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an interlocking type precast concrete block water channel construction method, which comprises the following steps: measuring and setting the elevation and plane construction control network on the basis of the elevation and plane control network, and performing field lofting; removing and replacing unqualified soil on the surface layer, and thoroughly removing impurities; excavating and repairing a foundation trench; constructing along the length of the water channel in sections, uniformly paving and tamping gravel cushion layers on the tamped soil foundations of the channel bottom and the slope protections at the two sides, and making a leveling layer and a reverse filtering layer; geotextile is laid at the bottom and the two side revetments of the channel; paving interlocking precast concrete blocks, completing, pouring and capping; pouring concrete to protect the bottom; cleaning the field and checking and accepting completion. Each building block is mutually occluded with six adjacent building blocks, the interlocking type of irregular shapes is realized, the adjacent building blocks jointly resist the action of soil and water flow, the area of each building block is small, the deformation is facilitated, the local replacement is also facilitated in maintenance, the construction speed is high, the construction period is short, the construction cost is low, and the quality is stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction method of an interlocking precast concrete block ditch, belonging to the technical field of water and soil environment treatment.
Background
In the projects of irrigation and water conservancy, landscaping and beautiful countryside in China, the water channel revetment generally adopts the modes of mortar grouting after stone building, cement mortar plastering after brick building, cast-in-place concrete and the like. The masonry brick has the advantage of low cost, and has the defects of difficult control of masonry quality such as grout consumption, mortar joint fullness and the like, poor integrity, poor durability, easy damage and frequent renovation. The cast-in-place concrete has good integrity, seepage prevention and soil retaining are not enough to adapt to uneven deformation of a base layer, cracking can be caused by local sinking or non-integral sinking, the repairing is difficult, a plurality of links such as formwork erection, pouring, vibrating compaction, maintenance, formwork removal and the like are required for construction, and the construction process is complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an interlocking type precast concrete block canal construction method, each block is mutually occluded with six adjacent blocks, the interlocking type of irregular shapes is realized, the adjacent blocks jointly resist the action of soil and water flow, the area of each block is small, the deformation is facilitated, the local replacement is convenient to maintain, the construction speed is high, the construction period is short, the construction cost is low, and the quality is stable.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an interlocking type precast concrete block ditch construction method, which comprises the following steps:
measuring and setting the elevation and plane construction control network on the basis of the elevation and plane control network, and performing field lofting;
removing and replacing unqualified soil on the surface layer, and thoroughly removing impurities;
excavating and repairing a foundation trench;
constructing along the length of the water channel in sections, uniformly paving and tamping broken stone cushion layers on the tamped soil foundations at the bottom of the water channel and the slope protection at two sides, and making a leveling layer and a reverse filtering layer;
geotextile is laid at the bottom and the two side revetments of the channel;
paving an interlocking precast concrete block: each building block is mutually occluded with six adjacent building blocks to form interlocking precast concrete building blocks, the laying is sequentially carried out from the bottom of the revetment to the top of the revetment along a longitudinal positioning stay wire, and a rubber hammer is adopted to knock the building blocks tightly;
completing, pouring and capping: if the part close to the top of the slope is not enough for paving a whole precast concrete block, C25 fine stone concrete is poured and filled, the slope surface is kept flat, cast-in-place concrete at the joint of the slope surface of the top of the slope and the horizontal plane is pressed to anchor the end part of geotextile, the head of the slope surface of the slope protection is folded at the same time, and cast-in-place C25 transverse grid ridges are arranged on the slope surfaces at two sides at intervals of 30 m;
pouring concrete to protect the bottom: after the interlocking precast concrete building blocks on the slope surfaces on the two sides of the anti-seepage channel are laid, laying geotextile on the tamped channel bottom graded gravel layer, pouring C25 concrete with the thickness of 80mm on the geotextile, vibrating and compacting a flat plate, and leveling by a scraper until slurry is discharged and then covering a plastic film for curing;
cleaning the field and checking and accepting completion.
Preferably, the method for excavating and repairing the foundation trench comprises the following steps: determining an excavation sequence and a gradient according to a construction scheme, arranging an excavator to excavate soil to be more than the designed elevation by 200mm to 300mm, and replacing manual excavation to the designed elevation; if the soil needs to be changed, tamping the soil layer by layer, paving 150mm to 250mm on each layer, operating a vibrating plate electric tamping machine to tamp the soil, wherein the compaction coefficient is more than or equal to 91 percent; the slope is repaired and leveled, and the slope is cut and filled with pits and tamped.
Preferably, the particle size of the stone is 10mm to 20mm, and the total thickness of the cushion layer is 50mm.
Preferably, the adjacent geotextiles are spliced by lapping and sewing, the lapping is more than or equal to 200mm, the lapping direction is along the water flow, and the water removal direction is covered in the water incoming direction; and the top of the shore is provided with cast-in-place concrete of 200mm multiplied by 150mm to realize anchoring of the geotextile.
Preferably, the width of the gap of the paving interlocking precast concrete block is less than or equal to 6mm.
Preferably, the joint of the slope surface of the slope top and the horizontal plane is cast with concrete of 200mm multiplied by 150mm to press the top so as to anchor the end part of the geotextile; two 200mm multiplied by 300mm cast-in-place C25 transverse grid banks are respectively arranged on the slope surfaces at intervals of 30 m.
The process principle is as follows: according to the invention, the geotextile is used as the cushion layer and the reverse filter layer, so that the concentrated stress is eliminated, the non-uniform settlement is avoided, and the water and soil loss is avoided. The interlocking precast concrete blocks are directly paved on the geotextile, the anti-freezing grade F50 and the anti-permeability grade W4 are achieved during production of the blocks, the fine seam splicing is achieved through interlocking application, the slope protection structure has the advantages of rigid and flexible slope protection, the interlocking blocks are good in up-and-down meshing integrity, and the anti-freezing expansion performance and the applicable deformation performance are enhanced. The interlocking precast concrete blocks are anti-cracking and anti-seepage, and simultaneously protect the geotextile. No need of slurry, direct paving, fast construction speed and low cost. The bottom of the canal is made of impermeable concrete, the wall of the canal is an extremely low-permeability slope protection which is very close to a soil canal of low-permeability clay or silt and the like, so that the material and energy exchange between the water body and the soil is kept, and the ecological environment is protected.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects:
1. the precast block is processed and the quality is guaranteed: the modular interlocking type precast concrete building blocks are manufactured in a mold in a processing plant, are not influenced by weather, can be efficiently produced in batches, can be customized and produced according to the requirements on the block type and the geometric dimension of the building blocks, can be adjusted in indexes such as strength, density and permeability to meet the actual requirements of different project conditions, and ensure the quality.
2. Economical and practical, the installation is very convenient: generally about 5kg building blocks, two people can pave fast, and the building block that is heavier can adopt simple and easy anchor clamps to assist the construction, and construction speed is fast, efficient, and is little to the material yard area demand of job site, economical and practical. The method has more outstanding advantages on the water channel slope protection project with large protection and building amount and short construction period.
3. The overhaul is convenient: the building block has small area, adapts to the uneven deformation of the base layer and cannot crack in a large range. The bottom geotextile reversed filter layer guides the stress to be uniformly distributed, and double control of eliminating uneven deformation is realized. Even if the building block cracks, the local part of the building block can be conveniently removed and replaced, and the maintenance in the later period of use is very facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of an interlocking precast concrete segment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The invention provides an interlocking type precast concrete block water channel construction method, which comprises the following steps:
1. preparation for construction
(1) Personnel, machinery and materials are prepared in advance on site.
(2) And drawing an interlocking type precast concrete block typesetting template drawing according to the construction drawing.
(3) And determining a construction scheme, and performing technical background joint on construction related personnel, wherein the material preparation, the personnel preparation and the mechanical preparation all meet the requirements of a construction site.
2. Survey lofting
And measuring and setting the elevation and plane construction control network on the basis of the elevation and plane control network, and performing field lofting. And in the construction process, checking whether the excavation size is consistent with the design or not in time according to the progress condition so as to accurately control the excavation size.
3. Watch clearing
Unqualified soil such as silt, humus soil, peat and the like on the surface layer is removed and replaced, and sundries such as weeds, turf, tree roots, garbage and the like are thoroughly removed.
4. Digging and slope repairing of foundation trench
Determining the excavation sequence and the gradient according to the construction scheme, arranging the excavator to excavate soil to be 200mm to 300mm above the design elevation, and changing manual excavation to the design elevation to forbid disturbance of the original soil layer with stress bearing capacity. And if the soil needs to be changed, tamping in layers, paving each layer of soil at 150mm to 250mm, and tamping by operating a vibrating flat plate electric tamping machine, wherein the compaction coefficient is more than or equal to 91 percent. The slope is repaired to be flat, the concave-convex phenomenon is avoided by cutting and filling the concave, sundries are not required to be arranged on the surface, and the ramming is carried out.
5. Paving broken stone cushion layer
The graded crushed stones meeting the design are transported to a construction site by a dump truck, then a manual auxiliary loader is transported to a construction operation surface, manual leveling is carried out, and a vibrating flat plate electric ramming machine is operated to tamp. And constructing along the length of the water channel in sections, and uniformly paving and tamping broken stone cushion layers on the tamped soil foundations at the bottom of the water channel and the slope protection at the two sides. The broken stone cushion layer can realize uniform stress distribution, is favorable for leveling the geotextile laid on the broken stone cushion layer, and simultaneously prevents clay from flowing into the canal, thereby avoiding clogging of superfine gaps of the geotextile. The gravel cushion layer is used as a leveling layer and a reverse filtering layer. The particle size of the pebbles should not be too large, and is generally 10mm to 20mm. The total thickness of the cushion layer is controlled to be about 50mm.
6. Laying geotextile
The geotextile is subjected to quality inspection before use, and the phenomena of tearing and aging are avoided during construction. The adjacent geotextiles can be spliced by lapping and sewing, the lapping is more than or equal to 200mm, the lapping direction is along with the water flow, and the water removal direction is covered by the water incoming direction. The geotextile should be laid smoothly, the tightness is proper, deformation allowance is left, and the geotextile should not be tensioned, folded, crumpled and the like. The building blocks are paved along with paving for protection and avoiding sunshine. And the top of the shore is provided with cast-in-place concrete of 200mm multiplied by 150mm to realize anchoring of the geotextile.
7. Paving interlocking precast concrete building block
As shown in fig. 1, each block intermeshes with six adjacent blocks to form interlocking precast concrete blocks. The specification, the size, the physical property and the mechanical property of the building block are checked before the building block is laid, and the design requirement is met. When the anti-seepage ditch is laid, the stay wires are sequentially positioned from the bottom of the revetment to the top of the revetment along the longitudinal direction, the surface is ensured to be flat and stable, the splicing rule is ensured, a larger gap (the width of the gap is less than or equal to 6 mm) is avoided, and the anti-seepage ditch is ensured to reach the designed anti-seepage grade. Can establish the inserted sheet that the 5mm of thickness were put at regular interval of special person during the paving, guarantee the not collision between the building blocks when guaranteeing the seam width unanimity, avoided the rigid contact between adjacent building blocks to reduce the breakage rate, cut off after the acceptance check is qualified and expose the inserted sheet. When the precast concrete blocks are laid, the precast concrete blocks are required to be struck by a rubber hammer to be dense, and the precast concrete blocks are not required to be directly struck by an iron hammer. When the slope is large, the bottom building blocks can be conveyed to a designated place by using a slide rod, and the prefabricated building blocks are strictly forbidden to be pushed down from the shore or pushed away from a long distance without any measures.
8. Top-pressing for filling and pouring
And if the part close to the top of the slope is less than a whole precast concrete block for paving, C25 fine stone concrete is poured and filled, and the slope surface is kept flat. The slope top slope surface and the horizontal plane joint position are cast with concrete of 200mm x 150mm in situ and are pressed against the top to anchor the end part of the geotextile, and meanwhile, the slope protection slope surface is subjected to head collection. Two 200mm multiplied by 300mm cast-in-place C25 transverse grid banks are respectively arranged on the slope surfaces at intervals of 30 m.
9. Pouring concrete protects end
After the interlocking precast concrete building blocks on the slope surfaces on the two sides of the anti-seepage channel are paved, geotextile is paved on the tamped channel bottom graded gravel layer, C25 concrete with the thickness of 80mm is poured on the geotextile to protect the bottom, the flat plate vibrates compactly, the scraper blade is strickled off until slurry is discharged and then is covered with a plastic film for maintenance, and people are forbidden in the maintenance period. The post-cast concrete protects end and bears down on one with slope top surface concrete and the on-site concrete bank protection of completing plays the cramping effect to the building block bank protection face jointly, has stopped domatic sliding downwards, has strengthened the wholeness of bank protection, even if take place to subside also to be close to the bulk sedimentation.
10. Cleaning up scene and acceptance inspection
In the construction process, the size, dry density, water absorption, compressive strength, flexural strength, frost resistance and the like of the precast concrete block are checked with witnesses; witnessing and testing the unit area mass, the breaking strength, the breaking elongation, the vertical permeability coefficient, the tearing strength, the CBR bursting strength and the like of the geotextile; and (4) carrying out construction quality acceptance by taking the slope protection project as a unit project according to construction sections of 60 to 100m. And cleaning the site after construction, entrusting a constructor to have a corresponding qualification detection unit to perform sampling detection on the slope protection engineering quality, and finally performing completion acceptance.
According to the invention, the geotextile is used as the cushion layer and the reverse filter layer, so that the concentrated stress is eliminated, the non-uniform settlement is avoided, and the water and soil loss is avoided. The interlocking precast concrete blocks are directly paved on the geotextile, the anti-freezing grade F50 and the anti-permeability grade W4 are achieved during production of the blocks, the fine seam splicing is achieved through interlocking application, the slope protection structure has the advantages of rigid and flexible slope protection, the interlocking blocks are good in up-and-down meshing integrity, and the anti-freezing expansion performance and the applicable deformation performance are enhanced. The interlocking precast concrete blocks are anti-cracking and anti-seepage, and simultaneously protect the geotextile. No need of slurry, direct paving, fast construction speed and low cost. The bottom of the canal is made of impermeable concrete, the wall of the canal is an extremely low-permeability slope protection which is very close to a soil canal of low-permeability clay or silt and the like, so that the material and energy exchange between the water body and the soil is kept, and the ecological environment is protected.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An interlocking precast concrete block canal construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
measuring and setting the elevation and plane construction control network on the basis of the elevation and plane control network, and performing field lofting;
removing and replacing unqualified soil on the surface layer, and thoroughly removing impurities;
excavating and repairing a slope of a foundation trench;
constructing along the length of the water channel in sections, uniformly paving and tamping gravel cushion layers on the tamped soil foundations of the channel bottom and the slope protections at the two sides, and making a leveling layer and a reverse filtering layer;
laying geotextiles at the bottom and two side revetments of the channel;
paving interlocking precast concrete blocks: each building block is mutually occluded with six adjacent building blocks to form an interlocking precast concrete building block, and the laying is sequentially carried out from the bottom of the revetment to the top of the revetment along a longitudinal positioning stay wire, and is compacted by knocking with a rubber hammer;
completing and pouring and capping: if the part close to the top of the slope is not enough for paving a whole precast concrete block, C25 fine stone concrete is poured and filled, the slope surface is kept flat, cast-in-place concrete at the joint of the slope surface of the top of the slope and the horizontal plane is pressed to anchor the end part of geotextile, the head of the slope surface of the slope protection is folded at the same time, and cast-in-place C25 transverse grid ridges are arranged on the slope surfaces at two sides at intervals of 30 m;
pouring concrete to protect the bottom: after the interlocking precast concrete building blocks on the slope surfaces on the two sides of the anti-seepage channel are laid, laying geotextile on the tamped channel bottom graded gravel layer, pouring C25 concrete with the thickness of 80mm on the geotextile, vibrating and compacting a flat plate, and leveling by a scraper until slurry is discharged and then covering a plastic film for curing;
cleaning the field and checking and accepting completion.
2. The interlocking precast concrete block canal construction method of claim 1, wherein the method for excavating and repairing the foundation trench comprises: determining an excavation sequence and a gradient according to a construction scheme, arranging an excavator to mechanically excavate soil to be 200mm to 300mm above a design elevation, and manually excavating to the design elevation; if the soil needs to be changed, tamping the soil layer by layer, paving 150mm to 250mm on each layer, operating a vibrating plate electric tamping machine to tamp the soil, wherein the compaction coefficient is more than or equal to 91 percent; the slope is repaired and leveled, and the slope is cut and filled with pits and tamped.
3. The interlocking precast concrete block canal construction method according to claim 1, wherein the stone particle size is 10mm to 20mm, and the total thickness of the cushion layer is 50mm.
4. The interlocking precast concrete block ditch construction method according to claim 1, wherein adjacent geotextiles are spliced by overlapping and seaming, the overlapping is more than or equal to 200mm, the overlapping direction follows the water flow, and the water incoming direction covers the water removal direction; and the top of the shore is provided with cast-in-place concrete with the thickness of 200mm multiplied by 150mm to realize anchoring of the geotextile.
5. The interlocking precast concrete block canal construction method of claim 1, wherein a seam width of the paved interlocking precast concrete block is less than or equal to 6mm.
6. The interlocking precast concrete block canal construction method of claim 1, wherein 200mm x 150mm concrete is cast in place at the junction of the slope roof and the horizontal plane to press the roof to anchor the geotextile ends; two 200mm multiplied by 300mm cast-in-place C25 transverse grid banks are respectively arranged on the slope surfaces at intervals of 30 m.
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