CN115464152A - Method for manufacturing low-defect metal ceramic parts based on composite material additive - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing low-defect metal ceramic parts based on composite material additive Download PDFInfo
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- CN115464152A CN115464152A CN202210973532.8A CN202210973532A CN115464152A CN 115464152 A CN115464152 A CN 115464152A CN 202210973532 A CN202210973532 A CN 202210973532A CN 115464152 A CN115464152 A CN 115464152A
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010288 cold spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/14—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on borides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Composite Materials (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a low-defect metal ceramic part based on a composite material additive. The method comprises the following steps: the ceramic powder is made of TiC and TiB 2 Adding the two kinds of powder into a ball mill respectively according to different proportions, mixing for 2 hours, and then putting into a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for drying for 2 hours; compacting the dried mixed ceramic powder by using a tablet machine, then placing the compacted mixed ceramic powder into two metal foils, and compacting the powder and the metal foils by using the pressure of 1-5Mpa to obtain the composite material for additive manufacturing; placing the composite material on the surface of the substrate, controlling the laser source to selectively melt and pre-layAnd continuously laying the composite material, continuously melting the composite material, repeating 30-50 layers, and obtaining the part with internal defects reduced by 90% -95% after printing is finished. According to the invention, after the ceramic powder is compacted, the ceramic powder is coated by two metal foils and compressed, so that the pores among the ceramic particles are effectively reduced, the ceramic powder is prevented from splashing in the laser additive manufacturing process, and the forming quality of parts is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a 3D printing technology in the field of manufacturing, and particularly relates to a method for manufacturing a low-defect metal ceramic part based on a composite material additive.
Background
Good wetting between the coating material and the substrate facilitates bonding between the two, and low melting point metals and some reactive metals and related compounds are commonly used as materials for additive manufacturing applications. In recent years, ceramic particles have received increasing attention for their excellent properties. TiC and TiB 2 The ceramic phase reinforced metal matrix composite coating has good thermal stability, high hardness, high strength, wear resistance and other properties, thereby being widely applied.
The wear, corrosion and fracture are three major failure modes of metal materials and are also important reasons for the failure and the rejection of metal mechanical parts. In order to repair a corroded or worn out mechanical part to restore the original performance of the mechanical part or avoid the metal part from being worn out or scrapped due to early failure caused by corrosion, the surface of the mechanical part is treated by the technologies of thermal spraying, cold spraying, electroplating, PVD, CVD, surface overlaying and the like, so that the failed mechanical part is expected to be reused and the abrasion or corrosion of the metal surface is reduced or delayed. With the continuous development and improvement of the laser additive manufacturing technology, the laser additive manufacturing technology is gradually applied to the surface treatment of metal mechanical parts, and the service life of the mechanical parts is prolonged.
The laser additive manufacturing technology is a process for cladding a material to be clad on the surface of a metal by adopting a prefabricated coating or a synchronous feeding method under the action of a laser beam. The printing layer formed by the technology is metallurgically bonded with the substrate, and the surface performance of the material can be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In the laser additive manufacturing process, as a plurality of gaps exist among the powder, the powder is easy to splash, cracks or peeling phenomena are easy to generate, and the surface forming quality is greatly reduced. In addition, the quality of the joint of the printing layers is reduced due to the reduction of the forming quality of the two adjacent printing layers, and the performances such as the wear resistance, the impact resistance and the like of parts are greatly influenced. The invention provides a method for manufacturing a low-defect metal ceramic part based on a composite material additive, which is a part with internal defects reduced by 90-95%.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for manufacturing a low-defect metal ceramic part based on composite material additive manufacturing comprises the following steps:
s1, ceramic powder treatment
The ceramic powder is made of TiC and TiB 2 Adding the two powders into a ball mill respectively according to different proportions, mixing for 2h, and then putting into a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for drying for 2h, wherein TiC and TiB 2 The sum of the mass fractions of the two powders is 100%;
s2, preparation of composite material
Compacting the dried mixed ceramic powder by using a tablet machine, then placing the compacted mixed ceramic powder into two metal foils, and compacting the powder and the metal foils by using the pressure of 1-5Mpa to obtain the composite material for additive manufacturing;
s3, laser additive manufacturing
And (3) placing the composite material on the surface of a substrate, controlling a laser source to selectively melt the pre-laid composite material by using a Raycus REL-A2000D fiber laser, continuously laying the composite material for continuous melting, repeating 30-50 layers, and obtaining the part with internal defects reduced by 90% -95% after printing is finished.
Further, in the step S1, the purity of the TiC powder is 99.99%, the average grain diameter is 40-80nm, and the TiB 2 The purity of the powder was 99.9% and the average particle size was 1-4 μm.
Further, the rotation speed of the ball mill in step S1 is 700rpm.
Further, the thickness of the metal foil in step S2 is 0.03mm to 0.1mm.
Further, the pressure for compacting the mixed ceramic powder in the step S2 is 15 to 100MPa.
Has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the method for manufacturing the low-defect metal ceramic part based on the composite material additive is based on the laser additive manufacturing technology, and the ceramic powder is compacted and then coated by two metal foils and compressed, so that the pores among ceramic particles are effectively reduced, the ceramic powder is prevented from splashing in the laser additive manufacturing process, and the forming quality of the part is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic powder scale of example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the powder ratio of example 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic powder scale drawing of example 3.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is TiC and TiB 2 The powder is a main material, and the parts with better performance are prepared by means of a laser additive manufacturing technology.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a method for manufacturing a low-defect metal ceramic part based on composite material additive manufacturing comprises the following steps:
s1, ceramic powder treatment
The ceramic powder comprises TiC powder with purity of 99.99% and average particle diameter of 40nm, and TiB powder with purity of 99.9% and average particle diameter of 1 μm 2 The powder is put into a ball mill, ground for 2 hours under the working condition of 700rpm and then put into a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for drying for 2 hours.
As shown in fig. 2, a total of 6 sets of powders were prepared, wherein the first set was 100wt.% TiC powder; the second group was 80wt.% TiC powder and 20wt.% TiB 2 Mixing the powder; the third group was 60wt.% TiC powder and 40wt.% TiB 2 Mixing the powder; the fourth group was 40wt.% TiC powder and 60wt.% TiB 2 Mixing the powder; a fifth group of 20wt.% TiC powder and 80wt.% TiB 2 Mixing the powder; a sixth group of 100wt.% TiB 2 And (3) powder.
S2, preparation of composite material
Firstly, compacting the ceramic powder prepared in the step S1 by a tablet machine with the force of 15-100 Mpa; subsequently, the compacted ceramic powder mass was placed in two layers of 0.03mm metal foil, which was compacted with ceramic powder using a small bench-top electric continuous tabletting machine to prepare the desired composite material for additive manufacturing, with each layer of ceramic powder having a thickness of 0.1mm.
S3, laser additive manufacturing
And placing the prepared composite material on the surface of a substrate, controlling a Raycus REL-A2000D fiber laser to selectively melt the pre-laid composite material by using the laser source, and continuously placing the prepared composite material layer by layer until printing is finished, thereby printing the parts with better performance.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, a method for manufacturing a low-defect metal ceramic part based on composite material additive manufacturing comprises the following steps:
s1, ceramic powder treatment
The ceramic powder comprises TiC powder with purity of 99.99% and average particle size of 40nm and TiB powder with purity of 99.9% and average particle size of 1 μm 2 The powder is put into a ball mill, ground for 2 hours at 700rpm and then put into a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for drying for 2 hours.
As shown in fig. 3, a total of 5 sets of powders were prepared, wherein the first set was 100wt.% TiC powder; the second group was 25wt.% TiC powder with 75wt.% TiB 2 Mixing the powder; the third group was 50wt.% TiC powder and 50wt.% TiB 2 Mixing the powder; the fourth group was 75wt.% TiC powder with 25wt.% TiB 2 Mixing the powder; a fifth group of 100wt.% TiB 2 And (3) powder.
S2, preparation of composite material
Firstly, compacting the ceramic powder prepared in the step S1 by a tablet machine with the force of 15-100 Mpa; subsequently, the compacted ceramic powder mass was placed in two layers of 0.04mm metal foil, which was compacted with ceramic powder using a small bench top electric continuous tabletting machine to prepare the desired composite material for additive manufacturing. Wherein each layer of ceramic powder has a thickness of 0.12mm.
S3, laser additive manufacturing
And placing the prepared composite material on the surface of a substrate, controlling a laser source to selectively melt the pre-laid composite material by using a Raycus REL-A2000D fiber laser, and continuously placing the prepared composite material layer by layer until printing is finished, thereby printing the parts with good performance.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, a method for manufacturing a low-defect metal ceramic part based on composite material additive manufacturing comprises the following steps:
s1, ceramic powder treatment
The ceramic powder comprises TiC powder with purity of 99.99% and average particle size of 40nm and TiB powder with purity of 99.9% and average particle size of 1 μm 2 The powder is put into a ball mill, ground for 2 hours under the working condition of 700rpm and then put into a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for drying for 2 hours.
As shown in fig. 4, 4 sets of powders were prepared; wherein the first group is 100wt.% TiC powder; the second group was 33.33wt.% TiC powder with 66.67wt.% TiB 2 Mixing the powder; a third group was prepared by mixing 66.67wt.% TiC powder with 33.33wt.% TiB2 powder; the fourth group is 100wt.% TiB 2 And (3) powder.
S2, preparation of composite material
Firstly, compacting the ceramic powder prepared in the step S1 by a tablet press with the force of 15-100 Mpa; subsequently, the compacted ceramic powder mass was placed in two layers of 0.05mm metal foil, which was compacted with ceramic powder using a small bench-top electric continuous tabletting machine to prepare the desired composite material for additive manufacturing, with each layer of ceramic powder having a thickness of 0.13mm.
S3, laser additive manufacturing
And placing the prepared composite material on the surface of a substrate, controlling a laser source to selectively melt the pre-laid composite material by using a Raycus REL-A2000D fiber laser, and continuously placing the prepared composite material layer by layer until printing is finished, thereby printing the parts with good performance.
In conclusion, according to the invention, based on the laser additive manufacturing technology, after the ceramic powder is compacted, the ceramic powder is coated by two metal foils and compressed, so that the pores among ceramic particles are effectively reduced, the ceramic powder is prevented from splashing in the laser additive manufacturing process, the internal defects of parts are reduced by 90-95%, and the forming quality of the parts is improved.
Claims (5)
1. A method for manufacturing a low-defect metal ceramic part based on composite material additive manufacturing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, ceramic powder treatment
The ceramic powder is made of TiC and TiB 2 Adding the two powders into a ball mill respectively according to different proportions, mixing for 2h, and then putting into a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for drying for 2h, wherein TiC and TiB 2 The sum of the mass fractions of the two powders is 100%;
s2, preparation of composite material
Compacting the dried mixed ceramic powder by using a tablet machine, then placing the compacted mixed ceramic powder into two metal foils, and compacting the powder and the metal foils by using the pressure of 1-5Mpa to obtain the composite material for additive manufacturing;
s3, laser additive manufacturing
And (3) placing the composite material on the surface of a substrate, controlling a laser source to selectively melt the pre-laid composite material by using a Raycus REL-A2000D fiber laser, continuously laying the composite material for continuous melting, repeating 30-50 layers, and obtaining the part with internal defects reduced by 90% -95% after printing is finished.
2. The method for manufacturing the low-defect metal ceramic part based on the composite material additive according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the purity of the TiC powder is 99.99%, the average grain diameter is 40-80nm, and the TiB powder 2 The purity of the powder was 99.9% and the average particle size was 1-4 μm.
3. The method for manufacturing the low-defect metal ceramic part based on the composite material additive according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the rotational speed of the ball mill in step S1 was 700rpm.
4. The method for manufacturing the low-defect metal ceramic part based on the composite material additive according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the thickness of the metal foil in the step S2 is 0.03mm-0.1mm.
5. The method for manufacturing the low-defect metal ceramic part based on the composite material additive according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pressure for compacting the mixed ceramic powder in the step S2 is 15-100Mpa.
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102352509A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2012-02-15 | 铜陵学院 | Method for preparing nano-thick ceramic coating by laser multilayer cladding |
| CN103043997A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2013-04-17 | 旭化成化学株式会社 | Powder, formed body, coated body and manufacturing method of powder |
| CN108393492A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-08-14 | 吉林大学 | A method of shaping complexity NiTi alloy components using increasing material manufacturing |
| CN109226965A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-18 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of lamination increasing material manufacturing device and method of metal foil plate composite material |
| CN110041088A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-07-23 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of stratiform ZrB2Composite ceramic material and preparation method |
| US20200120809A1 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2020-04-16 | National Institute For Materials Science | Method for manufacturing aluminum circuit board |
| CN113172228A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-07-27 | 中北大学 | TC (tungsten carbide)4-Al3Ti laminated composite board and preparation method thereof |
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- 2022-08-15 CN CN202210973532.8A patent/CN115464152B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103043997A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2013-04-17 | 旭化成化学株式会社 | Powder, formed body, coated body and manufacturing method of powder |
| CN102352509A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2012-02-15 | 铜陵学院 | Method for preparing nano-thick ceramic coating by laser multilayer cladding |
| US20200120809A1 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2020-04-16 | National Institute For Materials Science | Method for manufacturing aluminum circuit board |
| CN108393492A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-08-14 | 吉林大学 | A method of shaping complexity NiTi alloy components using increasing material manufacturing |
| CN109226965A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-18 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of lamination increasing material manufacturing device and method of metal foil plate composite material |
| CN110041088A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-07-23 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of stratiform ZrB2Composite ceramic material and preparation method |
| CN113172228A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-07-27 | 中北大学 | TC (tungsten carbide)4-Al3Ti laminated composite board and preparation method thereof |
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