CN115452130A - Method for realizing hearing of ultrasonic waves by human ears - Google Patents
Method for realizing hearing of ultrasonic waves by human ears Download PDFInfo
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- CN115452130A CN115452130A CN202210945573.6A CN202210945573A CN115452130A CN 115452130 A CN115452130 A CN 115452130A CN 202210945573 A CN202210945573 A CN 202210945573A CN 115452130 A CN115452130 A CN 115452130A
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- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H11/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
- G01H11/06—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means
- G01H11/08—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means using piezoelectric devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for realizing that human ears hear ultrasonic waves, and relates to the technical field of acousto-optic sensing. The core of the method is based on frequency modulation, ultrasonic signals are collected, sound waves are converted into electric signals to be processed, the electric signals are converted into the sound waves to be transmitted to ears of people, and the ultrasonic signals are collected initially and directly collected through a high-frequency oscillation circuit composed of piezoelectric materials, a power supply, resistors, inductors and the like, and then transmitted into an operational amplifier; obtaining sound wave frequency through a frequency analyzer or a magnetic tape recorder, performing Fourier expansion, calculating modulation frequency through a sum-difference product formula according to the first harmonic frequency, and outputting a modulation signal to a circuit through a signal generator; two paths of signals firstly enter an active nonlinear multiplier, mutually irrelevant signals are modulated and mixed through shifting and adding, the mixed signal passes through a low-pass filter with the cut-off frequency of 20kHz, the filtered signal is amplified by a power amplifier, and an earphone can be directly driven to sound, so that a person can hear ultrasonic waves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of acousto-optic sensing, in particular to a method for realizing that human ears hear ultrasonic waves.
Background
The human auditory range is 20 Hz-20 kHz, the sound wave with the frequency higher than the upper limit frequency (20 kHz) of human auditory is defined as 'ultrasonic wave', the propagation of the ultrasonic wave in a medium can also generate refraction, reflection, scattering and diffraction, and the propagation rule of the ultrasonic wave is essentially not different from the propagation rule of the human auditory sound wave, compared with the common sound wave, the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave is shorter, the directivity is better, and opaque substances can also be penetrated, so that the characteristic can be widely applied to the technologies of ultrasonic ranging, thickness measurement, flaw detection, remote control, ultrasonic imaging and the like.
With the development of scientific technology, the related technical fields are mutually crossed and permeated, so that the ultrasonic technology is widely applied to various fields such as medicine, biology, industry, chemical industry, petrochemical industry and the like, and the ultrasonic has wider prospect in the aspect of nondestructive detection due to the advantages of easy excitation, simple detection process, convenient operation, low price and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to solve the problem of how to convert the ultrasonic waves into sound which can be heard by human ears by frequency modulation and acquire the relevant information which is wanted by people according to the change of the sound, a method for realizing that the human ears hear the ultrasonic waves is provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for realizing human ears to hear ultrasonic waves is characterized in that the core of the method is based on frequency modulation, and mainly used components comprise: signal generator, multiplier, low pass filter, operational amplifier, power amplifier, earphone and high frequency oscillation circuit.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the specific implementation ideas and methods are as follows:
A. firstly, collecting ultrasonic signals, converting sound waves into electric signals for processing, and finally converting the electric signals into the sound waves to be transmitted to ears of people;
B. the ultrasonic signal is collected firstly, and the sound wave signal is directly collected and transmitted into an operational amplifier to amplify the collected signal through a high-frequency oscillation circuit consisting of a piezoelectric material, a power supply, a resistor, an inductor and the like;
C. then obtaining the sound wave frequency through a frequency analyzer or a magnetic tape recorder, carrying out Fourier expansion, calculating the modulation frequency through a sum-difference product formula according to the first harmonic frequency, and outputting a modulation signal to a circuit through a signal generator; two paths of signals firstly enter an active nonlinear multiplier, and mutually irrelevant signals are modulated and mixed through shifting and adding to obtain a high-frequency signal and a low-frequency signal, the mixed signal passes through a low-pass filter with the cut-off frequency of 20kHz, at the moment, the low-frequency component with the frequency within the hearing range of human ears is reserved, but the energy is too small, the filtered signal is amplified by a power amplifier, and finally, an earphone or a loudspeaker is connected to directly drive the earphone to produce sound, so that a human can hear ultrasonic waves;
as a still further scheme of the invention: the concrete implementation steps are as follows:
first, selection of components
The components comprise a multiplier, an operational amplifier, a power amplifier, a capacitor, an inductor, a triode, a piezoelectric material, a power supply, a resistor, an earphone, a signal generator and an instrument capable of generating ultrasonic waves;
second, build up each sub-circuit
The parts to be built comprise a high-frequency oscillation circuit, an operational amplifier circuit, a multiplier circuit, a low-pass filter circuit and a power amplifier circuit;
third, testing the sub-circuits
Firstly, testing the connectivity of each branch circuit by using a universal meter, and then testing whether the branch circuit realizes due functions by using a signal source and an oscilloscope;
fourth, the test of the entire circuit connection
Connecting each branch, testing the connectivity of the whole circuit by using a universal meter, and testing the functions of the whole circuit by using a signal source and an oscilloscope;
fifth, device testing
Adding an ultrasonic source and an earphone, and testing whether the function of the device is realized;
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the ultrasonic signal is firstly collected, then the sound wave is converted into an electric signal for processing, and finally the electric signal is converted into the sound wave to be transmitted to the ears of people. The ultrasonic signal is collected firstly, and the sound wave signal is directly collected and transmitted into an operational amplifier through a high-frequency oscillation circuit consisting of a piezoelectric material, a power supply, a resistor, an inductor and the like; then obtaining the sound wave frequency through a frequency analyzer or a magnetic tape recorder, carrying out Fourier expansion, calculating the modulation frequency through a sum-difference product formula according to the first harmonic frequency, and outputting a modulation signal to a circuit through a signal generator; two paths of signals firstly enter an active nonlinear multiplier to modulate and mix mutually irrelevant signals through shifting and adding, the mixed signal passes through a low-pass filter with the cut-off frequency of 20kHz, at the moment, low-frequency components with the frequency within the hearing range of human ears are reserved, but the energy is too small, the filtered signal is amplified by a power amplifier, and finally, an earphone is connected to directly drive the earphone to sound, so that a human can hear ultrasonic waves.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multiplier and an operational amplifier circuit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a low pass filter circuit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power amplifier circuit;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a high frequency oscillation circuit;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of an apparatus implementation concept.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "disposed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. The following describes an embodiment of the present invention based on its overall structure.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for hearing ultrasonic waves by human ears includes a first step of selecting a type of a component
S1, in two trains of waves finally obtained by an ultrasonic wave and a modulation wave through a multiplier, the frequency of one train of waves is within the audible range of human ears (20-20000 Hz), the frequency difference of the two trains of waves is large, the two trains of waves are easy to separate, and the working current and the working voltage are within the rated current and the rated voltage given by a circuit; selecting a bandwidth by referring to the frequency of the ultrasonic waves and the frequency of the modulation waves, not consuming too much energy through a multiplier, considering the threshold voltage of each stage of circuit, selecting an MC1495 type multiplier based on the consideration, and working based on a variable transconductance principle;
s2, in a multiplier circuit of a first step, an ultrasonic input signal passes through a multiplier circuit, a new output signal is obtained again after the sum-difference product operation, the signal is obtained by superposing two different frequencies, one of the two signals is a signal which can be heard by human ears and is obtained by subtracting the frequencies of the two signals, the other signal is an ultrasonic signal obtained by adding the two frequencies, the aim is to hear a low-frequency signal, the obtained signal is composed of high-frequency and low-frequency components, a low-pass filter is designed, the high-frequency signal is filtered, the low-frequency signal is reserved, and a second-order active low-pass filter is selected.
Transfer function:
through simplification, the method can obtain:
order to
Get it solved
This is the resonance frequency ω 0 (ii) a Substituting into formula (1) to obtain
Cutoff frequency f of RC low-pass filter c The calculation is as follows:
the cut-off frequency of the circuit is designed to be 20KHz and can be obtained by calculation
Y 1 ＝1uF,Y 2 ＝1.5KΩ,Y 3 ＝5.2KΩ,Y 4 ＝1nF (6)。
And S3, multiplying the reference signal and the sound source signal by a multiplier, filtering by a filter, and then connecting to a loudspeaker, wherein the converted weak ultrasonic signal can be basically heard, but the power of a front-stage circuit is not large enough, so that the signal is distorted or even disappears and is not easy to be received by a listener, introducing a power amplifying circuit for power amplifying the obtained low-frequency signal, and selecting LM386 as a low-voltage audio power amplifier.
S4, converting the received piezoelectric vibration into an electric signal by utilizing the positive piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material, wherein the electric signal can be used as an ultrasonic receiving and collecting probe, and the natural frequency of the piezoelectric material is as follows:
when the frequency of the applied voltage is equal to the natural frequency, resonance occurs, the sound wave collecting element selects piezoelectric monocrystalline silicon dioxide, and the calculation of parameters such as other resistors, inductors, capacitors, currents, power supplies and the like is performed according to an electromagnetic formula, which is not listed one by one;
second, build up each part of the circuit
Please refer to fig. 1-4, before the components are mounted, a multimeter is used to detect whether the components are damaged, and then the bread board and the wires are used to connect the sub-circuits according to the circuit diagram.
Third, testing the sub-circuits
And (3) connecting a power supply, a signal generator and an oscilloscope, firstly testing the connectivity of each branch circuit by using a universal meter, and then testing whether the branch circuits realize due functions by using a signal source and the oscilloscope, wherein if the waveform amplitude of the signal passes through the power amplifier, the waveform amplitude is increased. And after the distribution of the circuits and the function test are finished, all the pins are welded by using an electric iron.
Fourth, the test of the connection of the whole circuit
The method comprises the steps of connecting all the parts by using a wire, wherein the wire comprises a power supply, a signal generator, an earphone and the like, connecting the power supply, the signal generator and an oscilloscope, testing the connectivity of a complete circuit by using a universal meter, and then testing whether the whole circuit realizes due functions by using a signal source and the oscilloscope.
Fifth, device testing
The ultrasonic cleaning instrument is used as a sound source to emit ultrasonic waves, the whole device is arranged in one meter near the sound source, the tape recorder is used for synchronously recording the frequency of signals, fourier analysis is carried out, when any periodic function with two periods meets the Dirichlet sufficient condition, the periodic function can be expanded into a Fourier series, and the expansion formula is as follows:
wherein
Thus, for an arbitrarily selected period, is
The single frequency sound wave can be a series of sine functions with the period of
The number of levels of composition:
wherein
Are all constants. The above formula is referred to as harmonic analysis in electrical engineering, in which
Constant term A 0 A direct current component referred to as f (t),
called the first harmonic (also called the fundamental wave), and
in turn referred to as second harmonic, third harmonic, etc. For convenience of explanation, the first harmonic is taken as an example, i.e. the selected band is idealized as a sine wave to represent:
here, independent of its propagation, so there is no need to consider spatial positions:
setting a proper fundamental wave:
from the sum and difference equations:
then, the frequencies f are obtained by the product and difference operations 1 ,f 2 A mixture of two sine waves of (a):
as long as a suitable modulation frequency is selected according to the fundamental wave so that f 2 E (20,20000) Hz, when the mixed sound wave phi passes through a low-pass filter with the cut-off frequency of 20kHz, the high-frequency component f in the mixed sound wave phi 1 Low frequency component f to be filtered out with frequency in the range of human ear hearing 2 Is retained. Frequency f 2 After the signal is amplified by the power amplifier, the earphone can be directly driven to sound, and the sound can be directly heard by human ears.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for realizing human ears to hear ultrasonic waves is characterized in that the core of the method is based on frequency modulation, and mainly used components comprise: signal generator, multiplier, low pass filter, operational amplifier, power amplifier, earphone and high frequency oscillation circuit.
2. The method for enabling the human ear to hear the ultrasonic waves according to claim 1, wherein the specific implementation ideas and methods are as follows:
A. firstly, collecting ultrasonic signals, converting sound waves into electric signals for processing, and finally converting the electric signals into the sound waves to be transmitted to ears of people;
B. the ultrasonic signal is collected firstly, and the sound wave signal is directly collected and transmitted into an operational amplifier to amplify the collected signal through a high-frequency oscillation circuit consisting of a piezoelectric material, a power supply, a resistor, an inductor and the like;
C. then obtaining the sound wave frequency through a frequency analyzer or a magnetic tape recorder, carrying out Fourier expansion, calculating the modulation frequency through a sum-difference product formula according to the first harmonic frequency, and outputting a modulation signal to a circuit through a signal generator; two paths of signals firstly enter an active nonlinear multiplier to modulate and mix mutually irrelevant signals through shifting and adding to obtain a high-frequency signal and a low-frequency signal, the mixed signal passes through a low-pass filter with the cut-off frequency of 20kHz, the low-frequency component with the frequency within the hearing range of human ears is reserved at the moment, but the energy is too small, the filtered signal is amplified by using a power amplifier, and finally, an earphone or a loudspeaker is connected to directly drive the earphone to produce sound, so that a human can hear ultrasonic waves.
3. The method for enabling the human ear to hear the ultrasonic waves according to claim 1, wherein the specific implementation steps are as follows:
first, selection of components
The components comprise a multiplier, an operational amplifier, a power amplifier, a capacitor, an inductor, a triode, a piezoelectric material, a power supply, a resistor, an earphone, a signal generator and an instrument capable of generating ultrasonic waves;
second, build up each sub-circuit
The parts to be built comprise a high-frequency oscillation circuit, an operational amplifier circuit, a multiplier circuit, a low-pass filter circuit and a power amplifier circuit;
third, testing the sub-circuits
Firstly, testing the connectivity of each branch circuit by using a universal meter, and then testing whether the branch circuit realizes due functions by using a signal source and an oscilloscope;
fourth, the test of the connection of the whole circuit
Connecting each branch, testing the connectivity of the whole circuit by using a universal meter, and testing the functions of the whole circuit by using a signal source and an oscilloscope;
fifth, device testing
And (4) adding an ultrasonic source and an earphone to test whether the function of the device is realized.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116612780A (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2023-08-18 | 百鸟数据科技(北京)有限责任公司 | Method and device for collecting outdoor sound, computer equipment and storage medium |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116612780A (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2023-08-18 | 百鸟数据科技(北京)有限责任公司 | Method and device for collecting outdoor sound, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN116612780B (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2023-10-27 | 百鸟数据科技(北京)有限责任公司 | Method and device for collecting outdoor sound, computer equipment and storage medium |
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