CN115450717A - Efficient energy utilization system and operation method of coal-fired unit coupled with solar energy - Google Patents

Efficient energy utilization system and operation method of coal-fired unit coupled with solar energy Download PDF

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CN115450717A
CN115450717A CN202211203330.1A CN202211203330A CN115450717A CN 115450717 A CN115450717 A CN 115450717A CN 202211203330 A CN202211203330 A CN 202211203330A CN 115450717 A CN115450717 A CN 115450717A
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heat
water
solar
coal
heater
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刘宏卫
李丰泉
王研凯
于英利
赵智勇
王俊生
杨光
孙兴业
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Inner Mongolia Electric Power Research Institute of Inner Mongolia Power Group Co Ltd
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Inner Mongolia Electric Power Research Institute of Inner Mongolia Power Group Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
    • F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
    • F01K17/025—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic in combination with at least one gas turbine, e.g. a combustion gas turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/04—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for specific purposes other than heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F03G6/068—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having other power cycles, e.g. Stirling or transcritical, supercritical cycles; combined with other power sources, e.g. wind, gas or nuclear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/071—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with energy storage devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/098—Components, parts or details
    • F03G6/108—Components, parts or details of the heat transfer system
    • F03G6/111—Heat transfer fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for efficiently utilizing energy of a coal-fired unit coupled with solar energy and an operation method thereof, wherein the system comprises a boiler, a steam turbine unit, a condenser, a heater unit, a boiler and a water supply pipeline, wherein the outlet of the boiler is connected with the inlet of the steam turbine unit; the heat-conducting oil-water heat exchanger is connected with the heater unit, the outlet of the solar heat collector is connected with the hot-side inlet of the heat-conducting oil-water heat exchanger, the hot-side outlet of the heat-conducting oil-water heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the heat storage tank, the water-side outlet of the heat storage tank is sequentially provided with the heat exchanger and the heater, and the solar heat energy is used for replacing part of backheating steam extraction of the steam turbine to heat the boiler water supply, so that the generated energy is increased, the coal consumption is reduced, and the economy of the unit is greatly improved; the solar waste heat is recycled through the condensed water bypass, the boiler efficiency is improved, the heat consumption of the steam turbine is reduced, the solar waste heat can be used as an important means of peak shaving of the unit, the energy cascade utilization principle is met, and the energy-saving efficiency is high.

Description

一种耦合太阳能的燃煤机组能量高效利用系统及运行方法Coal-fired unit energy efficient utilization system and operation method coupled with solar energy

技术领域technical field

本发明属于能源综合利用技术领域，具体涉及一种耦合太阳能的燃煤机组能量高效利用系统及运行方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of energy, and in particular relates to an energy-efficient utilization system and operation method of a coal-fired unit coupled with solar energy.

背景技术Background technique

世界能源结构向着清洁、低碳、高效、多元的方向发展转型。大多地区的电力结构长期以燃煤发电为主，导致环境污染和资源短缺问题日益严重，传统的燃煤发电面临严峻考验。The world's energy structure is developing and transforming towards a clean, low-carbon, high-efficiency, and diversified direction. The power structure in most regions has been dominated by coal-fired power generation for a long time, leading to increasingly serious problems of environmental pollution and resource shortages. Traditional coal-fired power generation is facing severe challenges.

将间歇性可再生能源太阳能与常规化石能源在热力系统中互补，一方面利用燃煤电站调整范围大、透平系统效率高的优点对时变特性强烈的太阳能进行调峰，另一方面由于太阳能的引入降低了燃煤电站的煤耗，光煤互补发电是应对能源结构多元化转型、节能减排的有效方案。因此，现有技术中光煤互补发电的效应在实际应用过程中，还无法保证发电量在稳定增加的同时，降低煤的损耗量，且对太阳能余热的回收利用较少，造成资源的浪费。Intermittent renewable energy solar energy and conventional fossil energy complement each other in the thermal system. On the one hand, the advantages of large adjustment range of coal-fired power plants and high efficiency of the turbine system are used to adjust the peak of solar energy with strong time-varying characteristics. On the other hand, due to the advantages of solar energy The introduction of coal-fired power plants has reduced the coal consumption of coal-fired power plants, and solar-coal complementary power generation is an effective solution to the diversified transformation of energy structure, energy conservation and emission reduction. Therefore, in the actual application process of the solar-coal complementary power generation effect in the prior art, it is still impossible to ensure the steady increase of power generation while reducing the loss of coal, and the recycling of solar waste heat is less, resulting in waste of resources.

发明内容Contents of the invention

针对现有技术中存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种耦合太阳能的燃煤机组能量高效利用系统，所述系统利用太阳热能来替代部分汽轮机的回热抽汽对锅炉给水进行加热，从而增加发电量，降低煤耗；并将太阳能余热通过凝结水旁路进行回收利用，提高锅炉效率同时降低汽轮机热耗，并可作为机组调峰的重要手段，所述系统符合能量梯级利用原则，有较大节能效益。Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency energy utilization system for coal-fired units coupled with solar energy. The system uses solar thermal energy to replace part of the steam turbine’s regenerative steam extraction to heat the boiler feed water, thereby Increase power generation, reduce coal consumption; and recycle solar waste heat through condensate bypass, improve boiler efficiency and reduce steam turbine heat consumption, and can be used as an important means of unit peak regulation. The system conforms to the principle of energy cascade utilization and has a relatively Great energy saving benefits.

本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现：The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

一种耦合太阳能的燃煤机组能量高效利用系统，包括，锅炉、汽轮机组、冷凝器、加热机组、导热油-水换热器、加热机组、太阳能集热器和储热罐；A coal-fired unit energy efficient utilization system coupled with solar energy, including a boiler, a steam turbine unit, a condenser, a heating unit, a heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger, a heating unit, a solar collector and a heat storage tank;

所述锅炉的出口与汽轮机组的入口相连，所述汽轮机组的排汽侧与冷凝器的相连，所述冷凝器的出口给水管路依次与加热器机组和锅炉相连；所述导热油-水换热器与加热器机组连接，所述太阳能集热器的出口与导热油-水换热器的热侧入口相连，所述导热油-水换热器的热侧出口与储热罐入口相连，所述储热罐的出口与太阳能集热器的入口相连，所述冷凝器的凝结水侧出口与储热罐的水侧进口连接，所述储热罐的水侧出口依次设置有换热器和暖风器，所述暖风器的出口与冷凝器相连。The outlet of the boiler is connected to the inlet of the steam turbine unit, the exhaust side of the steam turbine unit is connected to the condenser, and the outlet water supply pipeline of the condenser is connected to the heater unit and the boiler in turn; the heat transfer oil-water The heat exchanger is connected to the heater unit, the outlet of the solar collector is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger, and the hot side outlet of the heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger is connected to the heat storage tank inlet , the outlet of the heat storage tank is connected to the inlet of the solar collector, the condensed water side outlet of the condenser is connected to the water side inlet of the heat storage tank, and the water side outlet of the heat storage tank is sequentially provided with heat exchange Air heater and air heater, the outlet of the air heater is connected with the condenser.

优选的，所述加热器机组包括低压加热器和高压加热器；所述冷凝器的出口给水管路依次与低压加热器和高压加热器的进口连接，所述高压加热器的出口与锅炉的进口连通。Preferably, the heater unit includes a low-pressure heater and a high-pressure heater; the outlet feedwater pipeline of the condenser is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure heater and the high-pressure heater in turn, and the outlet of the high-pressure heater is connected to the inlet of the boiler connected.

优选的，所述低压加热器与高压加热器之间设置有除氧器。Preferably, a deaerator is arranged between the low pressure heater and the high pressure heater.

优选的，所述汽轮机组的抽汽侧通过抽汽管路分别与低压加热器、除氧器和高压加热器连接。Preferably, the steam extraction side of the steam turbine unit is respectively connected to the low-pressure heater, the deaerator and the high-pressure heater through the steam extraction pipeline.

优选的，所述导热油-水换热器的冷侧与高压加热器之间并联连接。Preferably, the cold side of the heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger is connected in parallel with the high pressure heater.

所述高压加热器的进口与导热油-水换热器的冷侧进口的连接管路之间设置有第一控制阀。A first control valve is arranged between the inlet of the high pressure heater and the connecting pipeline of the cold side inlet of the heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger.

优选的，所述冷凝器的凝结水出口支路与储热罐的水侧进口之间设置有第二控制阀。Preferably, a second control valve is provided between the condensed water outlet branch of the condenser and the water-side inlet of the heat storage tank.

优选的，所述暖风器的冷风侧进口连接冷风源，所述暖风器的热风侧出口连接至空预器。Preferably, the cold air side inlet of the air heater is connected to a cold air source, and the hot air side outlet of the air heater is connected to an air preheater.

优选的，所述换热器连接至用于冬季对外供热的热用户或夏季驱动吸收式制冷的热源。Preferably, the heat exchanger is connected to a heat user for external heat supply in winter or a heat source for driving absorption refrigeration in summer.

一种耦合太阳能的燃煤机组能量高效利用系统的运行方法，包括，An operation method of a coal-fired unit energy efficient utilization system coupled with solar energy, comprising:

凝结水依次通过加热机组被抽汽加热后进入锅炉吸热，然后在汽轮机组中膨胀做功后在冷凝器中被凝结完成循环；此外，太阳能集热器利用太阳加热导热油，一部分给水通过并联支路在导热油-水换热器中吸热，放热后的导热油储存在储热罐中，凝结水支路通过在储热罐吸热后在换热器加热热媒水，热水余热通过暖风器进行回收利用。The condensed water is sequentially heated by the heating unit and then enters the boiler to absorb heat, and then expands in the steam turbine unit and is condensed in the condenser to complete the cycle; in addition, the solar collector uses the sun to heat the heat transfer oil, and part of the feed water passes through the parallel branch The road absorbs heat in the heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger, and the heat transfer oil after heat release is stored in the heat storage tank. The condensate branch heats the heat medium water in the heat exchanger after the heat storage tank absorbs heat, and the waste heat Recycling through heaters.

与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益的技术效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

本发明的目的在于提供一种耦合太阳能的燃煤机组能量高效利用系统，所述系统利用太阳热能来替代部分汽轮机的回热抽汽对锅炉给水进行加热，从而增加发电量，降低煤耗，从而大大提高机组的经济性；并将太阳能余热通过凝结水旁路进行回收利用，提高锅炉效率同时降低汽轮机热耗，并可作为机组调峰的重要手段，所述系统符合能量梯级利用原则，有较大节能效益。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency energy utilization system for coal-fired units coupled with solar energy. The system uses solar thermal energy to replace part of the steam recovery and steam extraction of steam turbines to heat boiler feed water, thereby increasing power generation and reducing coal consumption. Improve the economy of the unit; and recycle the solar waste heat through the condensate bypass, improve the efficiency of the boiler and reduce the heat consumption of the steam turbine, and can be used as an important means of peak regulation of the unit. The system conforms to the principle of energy cascade utilization and has a large Energy saving benefits.

进一步，本发明的系统采用太阳能余热加热凝结水通过设置换热器用于对外供热或制冷，并且热水余热也被暖风器回收利用，符合能量梯级利用原则，具有较大节能效果；Further, the system of the present invention uses solar waste heat to heat condensed water and sets up a heat exchanger for external heating or cooling, and the waste heat of hot water is also recycled by the heater, which conforms to the principle of energy cascade utilization and has a relatively large energy-saving effect;

进一步，本发明的系统采用暖风器回收热水余热，其和低温省煤器配合使用，一方面能提高空预器的入口温度，有效避免空预器的腐蚀堵塞；另一方面能改善锅炉燃烧条件，提高锅炉效率同时降低汽轮机热耗；Further, the system of the present invention adopts the heater to recover the waste heat of hot water, which is used in conjunction with the low-temperature economizer. On the one hand, it can increase the inlet temperature of the air preheater, effectively avoiding the corrosion and blockage of the air preheater; on the other hand, it can improve the boiler Combustion conditions, improve boiler efficiency and reduce steam turbine heat consumption;

进一步，本发明所述系统布置了凝结水旁路，可作为机组调峰的一个重要手段，当负荷变化时，通过改变凝结水旁路流量进而改变新蒸汽量从而满足负荷要求，当系统处于白天高负荷运行时，可调大第一控制阀，让更多给水吸收太阳热量，从而减少锅炉吸热量，降低煤耗，同时调小或关闭第二控制阀来增加新蒸汽流量以满足外界负荷需求，太阳能集热器多余热量储存于储热罐中；当系统处于晚上低负荷运行时，由储热罐储存的热量来加热凝结水支路以及加热器旁路给水，可调大第二控制阀来减少新蒸汽流量以满足外界负荷需求。Further, the system of the present invention is equipped with a condensate bypass, which can be used as an important means for unit peak regulation. When the load changes, the flow rate of the condensate bypass can be changed to change the new steam volume to meet the load requirements. When the system is in daytime During high-load operation, the first control valve can be adjusted larger to allow more feed water to absorb solar heat, thereby reducing heat absorption of the boiler and reducing coal consumption, while reducing or closing the second control valve to increase the fresh steam flow to meet the external load demand , the excess heat of the solar collector is stored in the heat storage tank; when the system is in low-load operation at night, the heat stored in the heat storage tank is used to heat the condensate branch and the bypass feed water of the heater, and the second control valve can be adjusted larger To reduce the new steam flow to meet the external load demand.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为一种耦合太阳能的燃煤机组能量高效利用系统结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal-fired unit coupled with solar energy for efficient energy utilization system.

图中：锅炉1、汽轮机组2、冷凝器3、低压加热器4、除氧器5、高压加热器6、导热油-水换热器7、太阳能集热器8、储热罐9、换热器10、暖风器11、第一控制阀101、第二控制阀102。In the figure: boiler 1, steam turbine unit 2, condenser 3, low pressure heater 4, deaerator 5, high pressure heater 6, heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger 7, solar collector 8, heat storage tank 9, exchange Heater 10 , air heater 11 , first control valve 101 , and second control valve 102 .

具体实施方式detailed description

下面结合具体的实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明，所述是对本发明的解释而不是限定。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, which are explanations of the present invention rather than limitations.

为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only It is an embodiment of a part of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

需要说明的是，本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本发明的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, but not necessarily used to describe a specific sequence or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having", as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a sequence of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to the expressly listed instead, may include other steps or elements not explicitly listed or inherent to the process, method, product or apparatus.

除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field of the invention. The terms used herein in the description of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

如图1所示为一种耦合太阳能的燃煤机组能量高效利用系统结构示意图，系统装置包括：锅炉1：用来将给水加热为高温蒸汽、汽轮机组2：用于膨胀做功，提供抽汽、冷凝器3：用于将汽轮机排气冷却为凝结水、低压加热器3：用于加热给水、除氧器5：用来给水除氧并作为一级加热器、高压加热器6：用于加热给水、导热油-水换热器7：用高温导热油来加热给水、太阳能集热器8：利用集热场吸收太阳热量加热导热油、储热罐9：用于储存导热油热量、换热器10：用于将热量传递给热用户或作为热源驱动吸收式制冷、暖风器11：用来加热进入空预器的冷空气。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-efficiency energy utilization system for coal-fired units coupled with solar energy. The system devices include: Boiler 1: used to heat feed water into high-temperature steam, steam turbine unit 2: used for expansion and work, providing steam extraction, Condenser 3: used to cool the exhaust gas of the steam turbine into condensed water, low-pressure heater 3: used to heat the feed water, deaerator 5: used to deaerate the feed water and act as a primary heater, high-pressure heater 6: used for heating Water supply, heat conduction oil-water heat exchanger 7: use high temperature heat conduction oil to heat feed water, solar heat collector 8: use heat collecting field to absorb solar heat to heat heat conduction oil, heat storage tank 9: use to store the heat of heat conduction oil and exchange heat Device 10: used to transfer heat to heat users or as a heat source to drive absorption refrigeration, air heater 11: used to heat the cold air entering the air preheater.

所述锅炉1的出口与汽轮机组2的入口相连，所述汽轮机组2的排汽侧与冷凝器3的相连，所述冷凝器3的出口给水管路依次与加热器机组和锅炉1相连；所述导热油-水换热器7与加热器机组连接，所述太阳能集热器8的出口与导热油-水换热器7的热侧入口相连，所述导热油-水换热器7的热侧出口与储热罐9入口相连，所述储热罐9的出口与太阳能集热器8的入口相连，所述冷凝器3的凝结水侧出口与储热罐9的水侧进口连接，所述储热罐9的水侧出口依次设置有换热器10和暖风器11，所述暖风器11的出口与冷凝器3相连。本发明所述的一种耦合太阳能的燃煤机组能量高效利用系统，通过利用太阳热能来替代部分汽轮机的回热抽汽对锅炉给水进行加热,从而增加发电量,降低煤耗从而大大提高机组的经济性；The outlet of the boiler 1 is connected to the inlet of the steam turbine unit 2, the exhaust side of the steam turbine unit 2 is connected to the condenser 3, and the outlet water supply pipeline of the condenser 3 is connected to the heater unit and the boiler 1 in turn; The heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger 7 is connected to the heater unit, the outlet of the solar heat collector 8 is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger 7, and the heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger 7 The hot side outlet of the heat storage tank 9 is connected to the inlet, the outlet of the heat storage tank 9 is connected to the inlet of the solar collector 8, and the condensed water side outlet of the condenser 3 is connected to the water side inlet of the heat storage tank 9 , the outlet of the water side of the heat storage tank 9 is provided with a heat exchanger 10 and an air heater 11 in sequence, and the outlet of the air heater 11 is connected with the condenser 3 . The high-efficiency energy utilization system of a coal-fired unit coupled with solar energy according to the present invention uses solar thermal energy to replace part of the steam recovery of the steam turbine to heat the boiler feed water, thereby increasing power generation, reducing coal consumption, and greatly improving the economy of the unit. sex;

本发明所述系统采用太阳能余热加热凝结水用于对外供热或制冷，并且热水余热也被暖风器回收利用，符合能量梯级利用原则，具有较大节能效果；The system of the present invention uses solar waste heat to heat condensed water for external heating or cooling, and the waste heat of hot water is also recycled by the heater, which conforms to the principle of energy cascade utilization and has a relatively large energy-saving effect;

所述加热器机组包括低压加热器4和高压加热器6；所述冷凝器3的出口给水管路依次与低压加热器4和高压加热器6的进口连接，所述高压加热器6的出口与锅炉1的进口连通。The heater unit includes a low-pressure heater 4 and a high-pressure heater 6; the outlet feedwater pipeline of the condenser 3 is connected with the inlets of the low-pressure heater 4 and the high-pressure heater 6 in turn, and the outlet of the high-pressure heater 6 is connected with the inlet of the high-pressure heater 6 The inlet of boiler 1 is connected.

所述低压加热器4与高压加热器6之间设置有除氧器5。A deaerator 5 is arranged between the low pressure heater 4 and the high pressure heater 6 .

所述汽轮机组2的抽汽侧通过抽汽管路分别与低压加热器4、除氧器5和高压加热器6连接。The steam extraction side of the steam turbine unit 2 is respectively connected with the low pressure heater 4, the deaerator 5 and the high pressure heater 6 through the steam extraction pipeline.

所述导热油-水换热器7的冷侧与高压加热器6之间并联连接。The cold side of the heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger 7 is connected in parallel with the high pressure heater 6 .

所述高压加热器6的进口与导热油-水换热器7的冷侧进口的连接管路之间设置有第一控制阀101。所述冷凝器3的凝结水出口支路与储热罐9的水侧进口之间设置有第二控制阀102。本发明所述系统布置了凝结水旁路，可作为机组调峰的一个重要手段，当负荷变化时，通过改变凝结水旁路流量进而改变新蒸汽量从而满足负荷要求，当系统处于白天高负荷运行时，可调大第一控制阀，让更多给水吸收太阳热量，从而减少锅炉吸热量，降低煤耗，同时调小或关闭第二控制阀来增加新蒸汽流量以满足外界负荷需求，太阳能集热器多余热量储存于储热罐中；当系统处于晚上低负荷运行时，由储热罐储存的热量来加热凝结水支路以及加热器旁路给水，可调大第二控制阀来减少新蒸汽流量以满足外界负荷需求。A first control valve 101 is provided between the inlet of the high pressure heater 6 and the connecting pipeline of the cold side inlet of the heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger 7 . A second control valve 102 is provided between the condensed water outlet branch of the condenser 3 and the water-side inlet of the heat storage tank 9 . The system of the present invention is equipped with a condensate bypass, which can be used as an important means for unit peak regulation. When the load changes, the flow rate of the condensate bypass can be changed to meet the load requirements. When the system is under high load during the day During operation, the first control valve can be adjusted to allow more water to absorb solar heat, thereby reducing heat absorption of the boiler and reducing coal consumption. At the same time, the second control valve can be adjusted down or closed to increase the flow of new steam to meet the external load demand. Solar energy The excess heat of the collector is stored in the heat storage tank; when the system is in low-load operation at night, the heat stored in the heat storage tank is used to heat the condensate branch and the heater bypass feed water, and the second control valve can be adjusted to reduce Fresh steam flow to meet external load demand.

所述暖风器11的冷风侧进口连接冷风源，所述暖风器11的热风侧出口连接至空预器；本发明所述系统布置了凝结水旁路，可作为机组调峰的一个重要手段，当负荷变化时，通过改变凝结水旁路流量进而改变新蒸汽量从而满足负荷要求。The inlet of the cold air side of the heater 11 is connected to the cold air source, and the outlet of the hot air side of the heater 11 is connected to the air preheater; the system of the present invention is arranged with a condensate bypass, which can be used as an important device for peak regulation of the unit. Means, when the load changes, by changing the condensate bypass flow and then change the fresh steam to meet the load requirements.

所述换热器10连接至用于冬季对外供热的热用户或夏季驱动吸收式制冷的热源。本发明所述系统采用暖风器回收热水余热，其和低温省煤器配合使用，一方面能提高空预器的入口温度，有效避免空预器的腐蚀堵塞；另一方面能改善锅炉燃烧条件，提高锅炉效率同时降低汽轮机热耗；The heat exchanger 10 is connected to a heat user for external heating in winter or a heat source for driving absorption refrigeration in summer. The system of the present invention adopts the heater to recover the waste heat of hot water, which is used in conjunction with the low-temperature economizer. On the one hand, it can increase the inlet temperature of the air preheater, effectively avoiding the corrosion and blockage of the air preheater; on the other hand, it can improve the combustion of the boiler. Conditions, improve boiler efficiency and reduce steam turbine heat consumption;

一种耦合太阳能的燃煤机组能量高效利用系统的运行方法，包括，An operation method of a coal-fired unit energy efficient utilization system coupled with solar energy, comprising:

凝结水依次通过加热机组被抽汽加热后进入锅炉1吸热，然后在汽轮机组2中膨胀做功后在冷凝器3中被凝结完成循环；此外，太阳能集热器8利用太阳加热导热油，一部分给水通过并联支路在导热油-水换热器7中吸热，放热后的导热油储存在储热罐9中，凝结水支路通过在储热罐9吸热后在换热器10加热热媒水，热水余热通过暖风器11进行回收利用。The condensed water is sequentially heated by the heating unit and then enters the boiler 1 to absorb heat, and then expands in the steam turbine unit 2 and is condensed in the condenser 3 to complete the cycle; in addition, the solar collector 8 uses the sun to heat the heat transfer oil, and a part The feed water absorbs heat in the heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger 7 through the parallel branch, the heat transfer oil after heat release is stored in the heat storage tank 9, and the condensed water branch passes through the heat storage tank 9 after absorbing heat in the heat exchanger 10 The heat medium water is heated, and the waste heat of the hot water is recycled through the air heater 11 .

优选的具体工作过程为：The preferred specific working process is:

如图1所示为一种耦合太阳能的燃煤机组能量高效利用系统结构示意图，各设备连接关系为：锅炉1出口与汽轮机组2入口相连，汽轮机组2排气与冷凝器3相连，冷凝器3出口给水管路依次通过低压加热器4、除氧器5和高压加热器6后进入锅炉1，各加热器抽汽管路与汽轮机组2相连，导热油-水换热器7冷侧与高压加热器6并联，并在该支路上布置了第一控制阀101，太阳能集热器8出口与导热油-水换热器7热侧入口相连，导热油-水换热器7热侧出口与储热罐9入口相连，储热罐9出口与太阳能集热器8入口相连，冷凝器3出口凝结水支路通过第二控制阀102后在储热罐9吸热后与换热器10入口相连，换热器10出口与暖风器11入口相连，暖风器11出口与冷凝器3相连。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the energy efficient utilization system of a coal-fired unit coupled with solar energy. The connection relationship of each equipment is: the outlet of the boiler 1 is connected to the inlet of the steam turbine unit 2, the exhaust of the steam turbine unit 2 is connected to the condenser 3, and the condenser 3 3. The outlet water supply pipeline passes through the low-pressure heater 4, the deaerator 5 and the high-pressure heater 6 in sequence, and then enters the boiler 1. The steam extraction pipeline of each heater is connected to the steam turbine unit 2. The cold side of the heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger 7 is connected to the The high-pressure heater 6 is connected in parallel, and a first control valve 101 is arranged on the branch. The outlet of the solar collector 8 is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger 7, and the hot side outlet of the heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger 7 is It is connected to the inlet of the heat storage tank 9, the outlet of the heat storage tank 9 is connected to the inlet of the solar collector 8, and the condensed water branch at the outlet of the condenser 3 passes through the second control valve 102 and connects with the heat exchanger 10 after the heat storage tank 9 absorbs heat. The inlets are connected, the outlet of the heat exchanger 10 is connected with the inlet of the air heater 11 , and the outlet of the air heater 11 is connected with the condenser 3 .

主要工作原理：系统凝结水依次通过低压加热器4、除氧器5和高压加热器6被抽汽加热后进入锅炉1吸热，然后在汽轮机组2中膨胀做功后在冷凝器3中被凝结完成循环；该系统太阳能集热器8利用太阳加热导热油，一部分给水通过并联支路在导热油-水换热器7中吸热，放热后的导热油储存在储热罐9中，凝结水支路通过在储热罐9吸热后在换热器10加热热媒水，用来作为冬季对外供热或夏季驱动吸收式制冷的热源，热水余热通过暖风器11进行回收利用；The main working principle: the condensed water in the system passes through the low-pressure heater 4, the deaerator 5 and the high-pressure heater 6 sequentially, is extracted and heated, enters the boiler 1 to absorb heat, and then expands in the steam turbine unit 2 to perform work and is condensed in the condenser 3 The cycle is completed; the solar heat collector 8 of this system uses the sun to heat the heat transfer oil, and a part of the feed water absorbs heat in the heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger 7 through a parallel branch, and the heat transfer oil after heat release is stored in the heat storage tank 9 and condensed The water branch heats the heat medium water in the heat exchanger 10 after the heat storage tank 9 absorbs heat, which is used as a heat source for external heating in winter or driving absorption refrigeration in summer, and the waste heat of hot water is recycled through the heater 11;

本发明的系统凝结水旁路还可作为机组调峰的一个重要手段，当负荷变化时，通过改变凝结水旁路流量进而改变新蒸汽量从而满足负荷要求；当系统处于白天高负荷运行时，可调大第一控制阀101，让更多给水吸收太阳热量，从而减少锅炉吸热量，降低煤耗，同时调小或关闭第二控制阀102来增加新蒸汽流量以满足外界负荷需求，太阳能集热器8多余热量储存于储热罐9中；当系统处于晚上低负荷运行时，由储热罐9储存的热量来加热凝结水支路以及加热器旁路给水，可调大第二控制阀102来减少新蒸汽流量以满足外界负荷需求。The system condensate bypass of the present invention can also be used as an important means for unit peak regulation. When the load changes, the flow rate of the condensate bypass can be changed to change the new steam volume to meet the load requirements; when the system is in high-load operation during the day, The first control valve 101 can be adjusted larger to allow more feed water to absorb the heat of the sun, thereby reducing the heat absorbed by the boiler and reducing coal consumption. At the same time, the second control valve 102 can be adjusted smaller or closed to increase the fresh steam flow to meet the external load demand. The excess heat of the heater 8 is stored in the heat storage tank 9; when the system is in low-load operation at night, the heat stored in the heat storage tank 9 is used to heat the condensate branch and the heater bypass feed water, and the second control valve can be adjusted larger 102 to reduce the fresh steam flow to meet the external load demand.

以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制；凡本行业的普通技术人员均可按说明书附图所示和以上所述而顺畅地实施本发明；但是,凡熟悉本专业的技术人员在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，利用以上所揭示的技术内容而做出的些许更动、修饰与演变的等同变化，均为本发明的等效实施例；同时,凡依据本发明的实质技术对以上实施例所作的任何等同变化的更动、修饰与演变等，均仍属于本发明的技术方案的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form; all those skilled in the art can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the attached drawings and the above descriptions. However, any equivalent change, modification and evolution made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention by utilizing the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent implementations of the present invention Example; at the same time, all changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments according to the substantive technology of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A coal-fired unit energy efficient utilization system coupled with solar energy is characterized by comprising a boiler (1), a steam turbine unit (2), a condenser (3), a heating unit, a heat-conducting oil-water heat exchanger (7), a heating unit, a solar heat collector (8) and a heat storage tank (9);
the outlet of the boiler (1) is connected with the inlet of the steam turbine set (2), the steam exhaust side of the steam turbine set (2) is connected with the condenser (3), and the outlet water supply pipeline of the condenser (3) is sequentially connected with the heater set and the boiler (1); the heat conduction oil-water heat exchanger (7) is connected with the heater unit, the export of solar collector (8) links to each other with the hot side entry of heat conduction oil-water heat exchanger (7), the hot side export of heat conduction oil-water heat exchanger (7) links to each other with heat storage tank (9) entry, the export of heat storage tank (9) links to each other with the entry of solar collector (8), the condensate water side export of condenser (3) and the water side access connection of heat storage tank (9), the water side export of heat storage tank (9) has set gradually heat exchanger (10) and air heater (11), the export of air heater (11) links to each other with condenser (3).
2. The energy efficient utilization system of a solar-coupled coal-fired unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the heater unit comprises a low-pressure heater (4) and a high-pressure heater (6); an outlet water supply pipeline of the condenser (3) is sequentially connected with inlets of the low-pressure heater (4) and the high-pressure heater (6), and an outlet of the high-pressure heater (6) is communicated with an inlet of the boiler (1).
3. The energy efficient utilization system of the coal-fired unit coupled with the solar energy, as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that a deaerator (5) is arranged between the low-pressure heater (4) and the high-pressure heater (6).
4. The system for efficiently utilizing the energy of the coal-fired unit coupled with the solar energy according to claim 3, characterized in that the steam extraction side of the steam turbine unit (2) is respectively connected with the low-pressure heater (4), the deaerator (5) and the high-pressure heater (6) through steam extraction pipelines.
5. The energy efficient utilization system of the coal-fired unit coupled with solar energy as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the cold side of the heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger (7) is connected in parallel with the high-pressure heater (6).
6. The energy efficient utilization system of the coal-fired unit coupled with solar energy, according to claim 5, characterized in that a first control valve (101) is arranged between the connecting pipelines of the inlet of the high-pressure heater (6) and the cold side inlet of the heat transfer oil-water heat exchanger (7).
7. The energy efficient utilization system of the coal-fired unit for coupling solar energy according to claim 1, characterized in that a second control valve (102) is arranged between the condensed water outlet branch of the condenser (3) and the water side inlet of the heat storage tank (9).
8. The energy efficient utilization system of the coal-fired unit coupled with the solar energy, as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the cold air side inlet of the air heater (11) is connected with a cold air source, and the hot air side outlet of the air heater (11) is connected with an air preheater.
9. The energy efficient utilization system of a solar-coupled coal-fired unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger (10) is connected to a heat user for external heating in winter or a heat source for driving absorption refrigeration in summer.
10. A method for operating a solar-coupled coal-fired unit energy efficient utilization system based on the solar-coupled coal-fired unit energy efficient utilization system of claims 1 to 9, comprising,
the condensed water is heated by extracted steam in sequence through the heating unit, then enters the boiler (1) to absorb heat, then is expanded in the steam turbine unit (2) to do work, and is condensed in the condenser (3) to complete circulation; in addition, the solar heat collector (8) utilizes the sun to heat conduction oil, a part of supplied water absorbs heat in the conduction oil-water heat exchanger (7) through a parallel branch, the heat-released conduction oil is stored in the heat storage tank (9), the condensed water branch heats the heat conduction oil in the heat exchanger (10) after absorbing heat in the heat storage tank (9), and the waste heat of the hot water is recycled through the air heater (11).
CN202211203330.1A 2022-09-29 2022-09-29 Efficient energy utilization system and operation method of coal-fired unit coupled with solar energy Pending CN115450717A (en)

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JP2007064050A (en) * 2005-08-30 2007-03-15 Hitachi Eng Co Ltd Waste heat utilization equipment for steam turbine plant
US20090125152A1 (en) * 2007-11-09 2009-05-14 Markron Technologies, Llc Method of measurement, control, and regulation for the solar thermal hybridization of a fossil fired rankine cycle
CN205619598U (en) * 2016-05-09 2016-10-05 华北电力大学 Dry complementary power generation system of supplementary air cooling unit of solar energy of integrated raw coal
CN111365698A (en) * 2020-03-16 2020-07-03 华北电力大学 A trough solar energy and heating unit complementary heat and power cogeneration system
CN113819659A (en) * 2021-10-29 2021-12-21 西安热工研究院有限公司 A thermal power unit peak shaving system and method for auxiliary heating of condensed water by solar energy

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007064050A (en) * 2005-08-30 2007-03-15 Hitachi Eng Co Ltd Waste heat utilization equipment for steam turbine plant
US20090125152A1 (en) * 2007-11-09 2009-05-14 Markron Technologies, Llc Method of measurement, control, and regulation for the solar thermal hybridization of a fossil fired rankine cycle
CN205619598U (en) * 2016-05-09 2016-10-05 华北电力大学 Dry complementary power generation system of supplementary air cooling unit of solar energy of integrated raw coal
CN111365698A (en) * 2020-03-16 2020-07-03 华北电力大学 A trough solar energy and heating unit complementary heat and power cogeneration system
CN113819659A (en) * 2021-10-29 2021-12-21 西安热工研究院有限公司 A thermal power unit peak shaving system and method for auxiliary heating of condensed water by solar energy

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