CN115443852B - Morchella cultivation device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of morel cultivation, and relates to a morel cultivation device and method. The cultivation device includes an integrated cultivation machine arranged at the feed end of a three-dimensional cultivation rack. The integrated cultivation machine includes a machine body, soil conveying crawlers, a lifting support frame, a nutrient bag discharging roller, and an automatic seeding mechanism. The proximal end of the soil conveying crawler can be slid forward and backward in the crawler installation compartment, and the far end is connected to the lifting support frame; the lifting support The frame can be retracted up and down on both sides of the far end of the machine body, and its upper end is hingedly connected to the far end of the soil conveying track; the nutrient bag discharge roller is located at the outlet at the bottom of the nutrient bag storage bin; the automatic seeding mechanism is installed on the lifting support top of the rack. The invention can simultaneously realize functions such as soil transportation, nutrient bag placement, and bacterial seed sowing, has a high degree of automation, greatly improves the cultivation efficiency of morels, and saves labor and effort.

Description

Morel cultivation device and method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of morel cultivation, and in particular to a morel cultivation device and method.

Background technique

Morel is one of the four famous edible fungi in the world. It has a unique taste and fresh aroma. It is rich in polysaccharides, proteins, cellulose, minerals, unsaturated fatty acids and amino acids, among which there are as many as 19 kinds of amino acids and 8 kinds of amino acids. It cannot be synthesized in the human body. Its rich nutritional content and important medicinal value make morels known as a "natural, nutritious and multi-functional" health food. With the substantial improvement of people's living standards, people's demand for morels is increasing. However, the cultivation of morels has very high requirements on temperature, humidity, ventilation, and the coordination between them. The technical content of other edible fungi cultivation is relatively high.

Although there have been major breakthroughs in the artificial cultivation of morels, there are still many scientific and technological problems that have not yet been solved, which seriously restricts the industrial development of morels and is also a risk in cultivation. Especially in the north, due to the low temperature in winter, cultivation must be done in greenhouses. Nowadays, greenhouses generally adopt flat cultivation methods. The space utilization rate of greenhouses is low. The wet mushroom yield of one acre of greenhouse is only about 200 kilograms. Its economic benefits Not particularly impressive. How to improve the space utilization of greenhouses, improve the cultivation environment, adjust air humidity, lower the ambient temperature, improve ventilation conditions, and increase the yield per unit area of cultivation are issues that need to be solved urgently.

Traditional greenhouse cultivation of morels generally uses multi-layer cultivation racks. There are light tubes and spray water pipes on each shelf. During cultivation, the morels are first sown on the soil, and then covered with the soil. Place a nutrient bag on the soil, and use a knife to score the area in contact between the nutrient bag and the soil so that the morel mycelium in the soil can absorb nutrients from the nutrient bag. The appropriate cultivation temperature and humidity environment can be simulated through lamp tubes and spray water pipes. However, the existing greenhouse cultivation technology generally has the following problems: 1) It is inconvenient to load and unload soil, and a large number of manual placement of nutrient bags are required, and the nutrient bags need to be manually recycled after picking, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive; 2) A large amount of nutrient bags are wasted on the ground The fruiting area is reduced, and the yield per mu is reduced, and the exposed nutrient bags are easily contaminated in the air; 3) Excess water drips from the cultivation rack, causing a messy environment in the cultivation room.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes a morel cultivation device and method that saves time and effort, has high cultivation efficiency and operates automatically, and is particularly suitable for three-dimensional cultivation in greenhouses.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A first aspect of the present invention is to provide a morel cultivation device, which includes an integrated cultivation machine provided at the feed end of a three-dimensional cultivation frame. The integrated cultivation machine includes a body and a soil conveying crawler track provided on the body. , lifting support frame, nutrient bag discharge roller, automatic seeding mechanism, including:

The body is sequentially arranged into a power bin, a crawler installation bin, a soil storage bin and a nutrient bag storage bin through partitions from bottom to top. The outlet of the crawler mounting bin is a slope that slopes downward, and the soil The cross-section of the storage bin and the nutrition bag storage bin is an inverted conical structure;

The proximal end of the soil conveying crawler belt can slide forward and backward in the crawler installation bin and is located below the discharge port at the bottom of the soil storage bin. The far end is connected to the lifting support frame and can move up and down with the lifting support frame. move;

The lifting support frame can be retracted up and down on both sides of the far end of the body, and its upper end is hingedly connected to the far end of the soil conveying track, and the automatic seeding mechanism is provided on the top;

The nutrient bag discharging roller is located at the outlet at the bottom of the nutrient bag storage bin and above the middle part of the soil conveying track;

The automatic seeding mechanism is arranged on the top of the lifting support frame and is located above the far end of the soil conveying track.

Further, on the morel cultivation device, the crawler installation bin, soil storage bin and nutrient bag storage bin are located at the proximal end of the top of the power bin, and are an integrally formed structure, wherein:

The left and right side walls of the installation compartment are respectively provided with chute, and the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft at the proximal end of the soil conveying track are provided in the chute;

The front side walls of the soil storage bin and the nutrition bag storage bin are provided with corresponding feed openings, and a diverter cone is provided at the middle position of the outlet at the bottom of the nutrition bag storage bin.

Further, on the morel cultivation device, the soil conveying crawler track includes a crawler body, a first drive shaft, a second drive shaft, a third drive shaft, a fourth drive shaft, a first limiting column and a third drive shaft. Two limiting columns, including:

The front end of the crawler body is slidably arranged in the chute on both sides of the installation bin through the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft, and the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft are located on the same horizontal plane;

The rear end of the crawler body is hingedly arranged on the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate at the upper end of the lifting support frame through the third transmission shaft and the fourth transmission shaft, and the third transmission shaft and the fourth transmission shaft The drive shafts are located on the same horizontal plane;

The left and right ends of the middle part of the crawler body are respectively limited to both side walls of the rear end outlet of the power bin through the first limiting column and the second limiting column, and the first limiting column and the second limiting column The two limiting columns are arranged correspondingly up and down.

Further, in the morel cultivation device, the lifting support frame is composed of two groups, which are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear side walls of the rear end of the body, and each group includes two limiting guide rails, two Telescopic rod, lifting slider, hollow screw, connecting rod, first fixed plate and second fixed plate, among which:

The two limit guide rails are spaced apart on the side wall of the machine body, and the corresponding telescopic rods are slidably installed in them, and the top ends of the two telescopic rods are connected by the connecting rods, and the connecting rods The first fixing plate and the second fixing plate arranged downward are provided on the top;

The hollow screw is arranged vertically between the two limiting guide rails, and the lifting slider is threaded in the middle thereof, and the lifting slider is fixedly connected to the telescopic rods on both sides; the upper end of the hollow screw is It is fixed on the connecting rod through a bearing, and the lower end is connected to the transmission shaft through an electromagnetic clutch.

Further, in the morel cultivation device, the nutrient bag discharging roller includes a drum and a number of conical thorns evenly distributed on its outer circumferential surface, and both ends of the drum are rotatably arranged in the soil storage bin. At the discharge port at the bottom, a synchronizing wheel is provided at at least one end of the drum.

Further, on the morel cultivation device, the automatic seeding mechanism includes a bottom frame, a spawn cylinder and two feeding trays, wherein:

The bottom frame is fixedly arranged on the top of the two lifting support frames on the left and right, and the bacterial seed cylinder is arranged on it;

The cross-section of the strain cylinder is an "8"-shaped structure, and its bottom is provided with a number of first through holes arranged at intervals along the left and right directions;

The two feeding trays are respectively hingedly arranged at the bottom of the left and right ends of the strain cylinder, and have a number of second through holes corresponding to the first through holes.

Further preferably, in the morel cultivation device, the automatic seeding mechanism also includes a transmission gear, a limit sleeve and a limit rod, wherein:

The lower end of the limit rod is fixedly connected to the top of the transmission shaft, and its outer peripheral wall is provided with a limit chute arranged along the axial direction;

The inner peripheral wall of the limit sleeve is provided with a number of limit protrusions that match the limit chute. The limit sleeve can slide up and down through the limit protrusions and the limit chute. on the limit rod;

The transmission gear is fixedly sleeved on the limit sleeve, and the gears on its outer circumference are meshed and connected to the corresponding unloading plate. The unloading plate rotates with the limit rod to communicate or seal the third part up and down. a first through hole and a second through hole.

Further, in the morel cultivation device, the integrated cultivation machine also includes a soil plow, wherein:

The soil turning plow is located in the middle of the rear end of the soil conveying track, and its top is fixed to the bottom frame of the automatic seeding mechanism through a connecting rod.

Further, in the morel cultivation device, the three-dimensional cultivation frame includes a support frame and a number of crawler-type cultivation layers arranged at intervals from bottom to top, and the crawler-type cultivation layers are erected on the morel cultivation device through a number of transmission wheels. On the support frame, the transmission wheel is connected to the first driving motor through a transmission belt.

Further, in the morel cultivation device, the three-dimensional cultivation frame also includes drainage grooves respectively provided on both sides of the crawler-type cultivation layer, and the drainage grooves are fixed on the support frame. , and several drainage grooves on the same side are connected through drainage pipes.

Further, on the morel cultivation device, the third transmission shaft and the fourth transmission shaft on the soil conveying crawler and/or the synchronization wheel on the nutrient bag discharging roller are connected to the transmission through a transmission belt. wheel.

A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a morel cultivation method, using the above-mentioned morel cultivation device, which includes the following steps:

(1) Attitude adjustment: Move the integrated cultivation machine to the feed end of the three-dimensional cultivation frame, and drive the lifting support frame 230 to move up and down through the second drive motor and turn on the electromagnetic clutch, and adjust the far end of the soil conveying crawler to be docked at the corresponding Crawler cultivation layer;

(2) Filling raw materials: Load soil to be cultivated into the soil storage bin, put degradable nutrient bags into the nutrient bag storage bin, and add morel strains into the strain cylinder, with the nutrient bags in the nutrient bag The storage bin is evenly stacked to facilitate discharging materials;

(3) Power configuration: Install the first drive motor on the ground on one side of the three-dimensional cultivation frame. First use a transmission belt to connect the first drive motor and the transmission wheel, and then use four sets of transmission belts to connect the transmission wheel and the third transmission shaft in pairs, and Transmission wheels and synchronization wheels;

(4) Automatic discharging: start the first drive motor, synchronously drive the crawler belts on the crawler cultivation layer, soil conveying crawler belts and nutrient bag discharge rollers to rotate, and control the electric gate valves at the bottom of the soil storage bin and nutrient bag storage bin to open , transport the soil and nutrient bags to the top through the soil conveying crawler; then start the second drive motor and close the electromagnetic clutch to sow the strains in the strain cylinder at intervals on the soil surface, and move the two sides under the action of the soil plow. The nutrient bag and bacteria are buried in the soil;

(5) Transfer cultivation: The soil with nutrient bags and bacterial strains buried on the top of the soil conveying crawler is transferred to the proximal end of the crawler track of the docking crawler cultivation layer under the continuous transportation of the soil conveying crawler, until the soil with nutrient bags and bacterial strains is buried. Extend to the far end of the crawler-type cultivation layer, cover the surface of the crawler-type cultivation layer, and stop running the first drive motor;

(6) Repeat the above steps (1) to (5) to cover each crawler-type cultivation layer on the three-dimensional cultivation rack with soil embedded with nutrient bags and bacterial strains; then turn on the light tubes and atomizing nozzles on the three-dimensional cultivation rack. , adjust the ambient brightness and soil temperature and humidity in the shed.

The present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects compared with the existing technology:

(1) Each level of the three-dimensional cultivation rack adopts a rolling crawler-type cultivation layer, which facilitates soil replacement on the level and reduces labor; grooves are designed on both sides of each crawler-type cultivation layer so that excess water can flow from both sides of the crawler track. Collect the drainage pipe at one end of the support frame to avoid contamination;

(2) An integrated cultivation machine designed with an integrated structure, with a power bin, a crawler installation bin, a soil storage bin and a nutrient bag storage bin installed on the body from bottom to top, as well as supporting soil conveying crawlers, lifting support frames, The nutrient bag discharging roller and automatic seeding mechanism simultaneously realize functions such as soil transportation, nutrient bag placement, and bacterial seed sowing. The degree of automation is high, and the cultivation efficiency of morels is greatly improved, saving labor and effort;

(3) The soil conveying crawler is arranged in a movable structure, and its far end can be connected to crawler-type cultivation layers at different levels driven by the lifting support frame to meet the automatic cultivation needs of all levels of the three-dimensional cultivation rack; the soil conveying crawler and three-dimensional cultivation The crawler-type cultivation layer on the rack is driven and controlled by the same drive motor, which not only saves one motor, but also ensures the consistency of movement of the soil conveying crawler and the crawler-type cultivation layer, and avoids the transfer of soil and other raw materials transported by the soil conveying crawler. pile up everywhere;

(4) The exit of the crawler installation bin adopts a slope design, and the far end of the soil conveying crawler is connected to the crawler-type cultivation layer at a low level; both the soil storage bin and the nutrient bag storage bin adopt an inverted conical structure, using their own gravity to realize automatic The nutrient bag discharging roller adopts a conical thorn structure design. On the one hand, it is convenient to transfer the nutrient bag at the bottom outlet of the nutrient bag storage bin to the soil conveyor belt below. On the other hand, it can puncture the nutrient bag to facilitate the cultivation process. delivery of nutrients;

(5) The automatic seeding mechanism adopts a turntable mechanism design. The feeding plate at the bottom is meshed with the transmission gear. The transmission gear limit sleeve is set on the limit rod, and the limit rod is fixed to the transmission shaft arranged through the hollow screw. After the connection, the transmission shaft is driven by the second drive motor to synchronously drive the lower tray, so that the seeds in the strain cylinder are sown on the soil surface of the soil conveyor track to achieve the purpose of automatic sowing.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a morel cultivation device according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram 2 of the three-dimensional structure of a morel cultivation device according to the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a morel cultivation device of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cultivation frame in a morel cultivation device of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the integrated cultivation machine in a morel cultivation device of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram 2 of the three-dimensional structure of the integrated cultivation machine in a morel cultivation device of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of part A of the integrated cultivation machine in a morel cultivation device of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of part B of the integrated cultivation machine in a morel cultivation device of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a schematic front structural view of an integrated cultivation machine in a morel cultivation device of the present invention;

Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an integrated cultivation machine in a morel cultivation device of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the integrated cultivation machine in a morel cultivation device according to the present invention, viewed from above;

Figure 12 is a top view enlarged structural schematic diagram of an integrated cultivation machine in a morel cultivation device of the present invention;

Figure 13 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an integrated cultivation machine in a morel cultivation device of the present invention;

Figure 14 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram 2 of an integrated cultivation machine in a morel cultivation device of the present invention;

Figure 15 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view three of the integrated cultivation machine in a morel cultivation device of the present invention;

Among them, each drawing is marked as:

100-three-dimensional cultivation frame, 101-support frame, 102-crawler cultivation layer, 103-drainage groove, 104-drainage pipe, 105-transmission wheel;

200-Integrated cultivation machine, 210-body, 211-power bin, 212-track installation bin, 213-soil storage bin, 214-nutrient bag storage bin, 2141-diverting cone; 215-slope;

220-soil conveying crawler track, 221-crawler body, 222-first drive shaft, 223-second drive shaft, 224-third drive shaft, 225-fourth drive shaft, 226-first limiting column, 227-th Two limiting posts;

230-Lifting support frame, 231-Limiting guide rail, 232-Telescopic rod, 233-Lifting slider, 234-Hollow screw, 235-Connecting rod, 236-First fixed plate, 237-Second fixed plate;

240-Nutritional bag discharge roller, 241-Roller, 242-Cone thorn, 243-Synchronized wheel;

250-automatic seeding mechanism, 251-bottom frame, 252-strain cylinder, 2521-first through hole, 253-unloading tray, 2531-second through hole, 254-transmission gear, 255-limit sleeve, 256 -limiting rod; 260-soil plow, 261-connecting rod;

300-first drive motor;

400-second drive motor, 401-synchronous belt, 402-transmission shaft, 403-synchronous wheel, 404-electromagnetic clutch.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, a morel cultivation device is provided, which mainly consists of an integrated cultivation machine 200 and several three-dimensional cultivation racks 100. The integrated cultivation machine 200 adopts a mobile The integrated structure design can be used for morel cultivation on multiple three-dimensional cultivation racks 100. When used, the integrated cultivation machine 200 is set at the feed end of the three-dimensional cultivation rack 100, and the crawler type on the three-dimensional cultivation rack 100 is started simultaneously. The cultivation layer 102 and the integrated cultivation machine 200 can realize operations such as automatic soil transportation, nutrient bag placement, and seed sowing.

In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, the three-dimensional cultivation rack 100 mainly includes a support frame 101 and a number of crawler-type cultivation layers 102 arranged at intervals from bottom to top. The cultivation layer 102 includes crawler tracks and a number of rollers that play a supporting role. Several rollers are arranged at horizontal intervals on the support frame 101. The crawler tracks are set on the rollers, so that each layer becomes a movable cultivation crawler track, which facilitates soil replacement after cultivation. Each level of the three-dimensional cultivation rack 100 adopts a rolling crawler type cultivation layer 201, which facilitates soil replacement on each level and reduces labor.

In addition, in order to realize the rotation of the crawler-type cultivation layer 102 to form a flat surface layer with soil and other raw materials transported by the integrated cultivation machine 200, the crawler-type cultivation layer 102 is erected on the support frame 101 through a plurality of transmission wheels 105, and The transmission wheel 105 is connected to the first driving motor 300 through a transmission belt. The soil conveying crawler belt 220 and the crawler-type cultivation layer 201 on the three-dimensional cultivation frame 100 are driven and controlled by the same drive motor, which not only saves one motor, but also ensures the consistency of movement of the soil conveying crawler belt 220 and the crawler-type cultivation layer 201 to avoid soil The soil and other raw materials transported and transferred by the conveying crawler 220 are accumulated at the connection at the front end of the crawler-type cultivation layer 201.

The three-dimensional cultivation rack 100 also includes drainage grooves 103 respectively provided on both sides of the crawler-type cultivation layer 102. The drainage grooves 103 are fixed on the support frame 101, and several drainage grooves 103 on the same side are connected through drainage pipes to remove excess water. The water flows from the drainage grooves 103 on both sides of the crawler track to the drainage pipe 104 at one end of the support frame for collection and unified discharge to avoid pollution caused by excessive water. In addition, as needed, a lamp tube and an atomizing nozzle are provided on the support frame 101 at the top of the crawler cultivation layer 102. The lamp tube adjusts the ambient brightness and the temperature in the shed, and the atomizing nozzle is connected to the water pipe to provide water or nutrients for the cultivation of the strains. liquid to realize the soaking of cultivation raw materials in running water and avoid the acidification of raw materials.

Ordinary small-scale growers can use the three-dimensional cultivation rack 100 to produce morel strains at a very small cost, reduce the cost of strain production, reduce the investment in facilities for sterilization and inoculation, reduce costs, and reduce Difficulty in collecting cultivar raw materials.

As shown in Figures 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15, the integrated cultivation machine 200 mainly includes a body 210 and soil arranged on the body 210. Conveying crawler belt 220, lifting support frame 230, nutrition bag discharge roller 240, automatic seeding mechanism 250.

The body 210 is provided with a power bin 211, a crawler installation bin 212, a soil storage bin 213 and a nutrient bag storage bin 214 from bottom to top through partitions. The exit of the crawler installation bin 212 is a slope 215 that slopes downward, so that The far end of the soil conveying crawler docks with the crawler-type cultivation layer at a low level when descending. Moreover, the cross-sections of the soil storage bin 213 and the nutrient bag storage bin 214 are inverted conical structures, so that the pre-installed soil and nutrient strips of the soil storage bin 213 and the nutrient bag storage bin 214 can be automatically unloaded under their own gravity.

The soil transport crawler 220 is used to transport the soil in the soil storage bin 213 to the corresponding crawler-type cultivation layer 102. Its proximal end can slide forward and backward in the crawler installation bin 212, and is located at the outlet at the bottom of the soil storage bin 213. In the lower position, the far end is connected to the lifting support frame 230 and can move up and down with the lifting support frame 230 . When the distal end of the soil conveying crawler 220 moves up and down with the lifting support frame 230, the proximal end of the soil conveying crawler 220 is synchronously driven to move forward and backward in the crawler installation bin 212, and the proximal end of the soil conveying crawler 220 can ensure that it is always located in the soil storage bin during the movement. 213 below the bottom outlet, that is, it is ensured that the soil dropped from the outlet always falls on the soil conveying crawler 220 to prevent soil from falling on the bottom of the crawler installation bin 212.

The soil conveying crawler 220 adopts a movable structure design that can move up and down and forward and backward, and its far end can be connected to crawler-type cultivation layers 201 at different levels driven by the lifting support frame 230 to meet the automatic cultivation needs of each level of the three-dimensional cultivation rack 100 .

The lifting support frame 230 adopts a telescopic structure and can be telescopically arranged on both sides of the far end of the body 210. Its upper end is hingedly connected to the far end of the soil conveying crawler 220, and is used to drive the far end of the soil conveying crawler 220 to move up and down to different positions. The crawler cultivation layer 102 position.

The nutrition bag discharging roller 240 is located at the outlet at the bottom of the nutrition bag storage bin 214 and is located above the middle part of the soil conveying track 220. It is used to pull out the nutrition bags at the outlet of the bottom of the nutrition bag storage bin 214 and drop them. Fall onto the soil conveyor track 220 below.

The automatic seeding mechanism 250 is disposed on the top of the lifting support frame 230 and is located above the far end of the soil conveying crawler 220 , and is used to sow the bacterial seeds thereon on the soil surface on the soil conveying crawler 220 . The top of the automatic seeding mechanism 250 can be provided with a removable top cover as needed to seal the automatic seeding mechanism 250 to avoid contamination of the bacteria.

In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 9, 13, 14 and 15, the crawler installation bin 212, the soil storage bin 213 and the nutrient bag storage bin 214 are located at the proximal position of the top of the power bin 211, and are It has an integrated structure, and the top of the nutrition bag storage bin 214 is sealed with a cover plate.

Specifically, the left and right side walls of the installation bin 212 are respectively provided with chute 2121, and the chute 2121 is provided with the first transmission shaft 222 and the second transmission shaft 223 at the proximal end of the soil conveying crawler belt 220. It can slide forward and backward along the chute 2121 driven by the lifting support frame 230. It should be noted that, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the conveying posture of the soil conveying crawler 220, the soil conveying crawler 220 is adjusted in an idle state to correspond to the crawler-type cultivation layer 102 of different heights to avoid excessive weight when the soil is fully loaded. The problem of insufficient adjustment.

The front side walls of the soil storage bin 213 and the nutrient bag storage bin 214 are provided with corresponding feed openings for adding soil and nutrient bags into the soil storage bin 213 and the nutrient bag storage bin 214. In addition, a diverter cone 2141 is provided in the middle of the discharge port at the bottom of the nutrition bag storage bin 214, so that the nutrition bags can be dropped onto the soil conveyor track 220 in two rows, and at the same time, it can be convenient for subsequent digging of soil from the middle to cover the nutrition bags.

In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 10, 13, 14 and 15, the soil conveying crawler 220 mainly includes a crawler body 221, a first transmission shaft 222, a second transmission shaft 223, and a third transmission shaft 224. , the fourth transmission shaft 225, the first limiting column 226 and the second limiting column 227, the first transmission shaft 222, the second transmission shaft 223, the third transmission shaft 224 and the fourth transmission shaft 225 serve as the driving force of the crawler body 221. The wheel and the driven wheel are used to drive the crawler body 221 to rotate, and the first limiting column 226 and the second limiting column 227 are used to limit the crawler body 221 .

The front end of the crawler body 221 is slidably disposed in the chute 2121 on both sides of the installation compartment 212 through the first transmission shaft 222 and the second transmission shaft 223, and the first transmission shaft 222 and the second transmission shaft 223 are located on the same horizontal plane. The rear end of the crawler body 221 is hingedly provided on the first fixed plate 236 and the second fixed plate 237 at the upper end of the lifting support frame 230 through the third transmission shaft 224 and the fourth transmission shaft 225, and the third transmission shaft 224 and the fourth transmission shaft Axis 225 is located on the same horizontal plane.

The left and right ends of the middle part of the crawler body 221 are respectively limited to the two side walls of the rear end outlet of the power bin 211 through the first limiting column 226 and the second limiting column 227, and the first limiting column 226 and the second limiting column The columns 227 are arranged correspondingly up and down, and are used to limit the position of the crawler body 221, so that the distal end of the crawler body 221 is adjusted with the lifting support frame 230, and its proximal end is always arranged horizontally.

In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, the lifting support frame 230 includes two sets of lifting mechanisms, which are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the rear end of the body 210. on the side wall. And each group of lifting mechanisms includes two limit guide rails 231, two telescopic rods 232, a lifting slider 233, a hollow screw 234, a connecting rod 235, a first fixed plate 236 and a second fixed plate 237.

Two limit guide rails 231 are arranged on the side wall of the machine body 210 at intervals from front to back. A guide groove is provided on the inner side of the limit guide rail 231. A corresponding telescopic rod 232 is slidably provided in the guide groove. The telescopic rod 232 can be moved under the action of external force. Slide up and down on the limiting guide rail 231. The top ends of the two telescopic rods 232 are connected through a connecting rod 235, and the telescopic rod 232 is fixed through the connecting rod 235, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the lifting mechanism during the lifting process.

In order to facilitate the connection of the soil conveying crawler 220, a first fixing plate 236 and a second fixing plate 237 arranged downward are provided on the connecting rod 235. The first fixing plate 236 and the second fixing plate 237 are hingedly fixed to the soil conveying crawler 220. The third transmission shaft 224 and the fourth transmission shaft 225 at the end.

The hollow screw 234 is a hollow tubular structure, and its outer peripheral wall is provided with threads along its length direction. The hollow screw 234 is arranged vertically between two limiting guide rails 231. The upper end of the hollow screw 234 is fixed on the connecting rod 235 through a bearing, and the lower end is fixed on the connecting rod 235 through a bearing. The drive shaft 402 is connected through an electromagnetic clutch 404 . Furthermore, a lifting slide block 233 is threaded around the outer circumference of the hollow screw rod 234. The lifting slide block 233 is fixedly connected to the telescopic rods 232 on both sides through cross bars. When the hollow screw rod 234 rotates, it can drive the lifting slide block 233 to move up and down.

The rotation of the hollow screw 234 is controlled by the electromagnetic clutch 404. The electromagnetic clutch 404 is a commercially available electromagnetic clutch, which is an automatic electrical appliance controlled by the suction force of an electromagnet. The specific structural principles will not be described again here. The electromagnetic clutch 404 mainly includes a driven wheel, a rotating wheel and an electromagnetic pressure plate. The rotating wheel and the driven wheel are separated or connected through the electromagnetic pressure plate.

According to the needs of the work, the rotating wheel and the driven wheel are separated or combined through the electromagnetic pressure plate to transmit the power of the transmission shaft 402 to the hollow screw 234, control the rotation or stop of the hollow screw 234, and then realize the lifting slider 233. Lift control.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 6 , 12 , 13 , 14 and 15 , the nutrition bag discharging roller 240 includes a roller 241 and a plurality of conical thorns 242 evenly distributed on its outer circumferential surface. Both ends of the drum 241 are rotatably arranged at the discharge port at the bottom of the soil storage bin 213, and at least one end of the drum 241 is provided with a synchronizing wheel 243. Through the plurality of conical thorns 242 on the nutrition bag discharging roller 240, on the one hand, it is convenient to transfer the nutrition bags at the bottom outlet of the nutrition bag storage bin 214 to the soil conveying track 220 below, and on the other hand, the nutrition bags can be punctured to facilitate cultivation. outflow of nutrients during the process.

The rotation of the nutrition bag discharging roller 240 can be manually operated or electrically operated as required. For example, a crank handle is provided on the edge of the synchronization wheel 243, and the rotation of the nutrition bag discharging roller 240 is manually controlled by the crank handle to remove the nutrition bags. Preferably, the synchronizing wheel 243 is connected to the driving motor through a transmission belt to realize automatic control.

Further preferably, in order to keep the delivery rate of the nutrient bags consistent with the transportation rate of the soil and the active rate of the crawler cultivation layer 102, the synchronous wheel 243 is connected to the first drive motor 300 through a transmission belt, and the discharge of the nutrient bags is synchronously controlled through one motor. The rollers 240, soil conveying tracks 220, and tracked cultivation layer 102 rotate. Specifically, the third transmission shaft 224 and the fourth transmission shaft 225 on the soil conveying crawler 220 and/or the synchronous wheel 243 on the nutrient bag discharge roller 240 are connected to the transmission wheel 105 through a transmission belt, and the transmission wheel 105 is connected to the first driving motor 300 Direct or pitch driven.

Nutrition bags are made of degradable materials. For example, nutrition bags use kraft paper bags instead of polyethylene plastics, which not only ensures sealing under high-temperature sterilization, but also ensures degradability in the environment. It is not only environmentally friendly but can also be directly returned to the field as organic fertilizer. The soil plow 260 is used to bury the nutrient bags in the soil, thereby increasing the mushroom-producing area and increasing the yield per mu; it also reduces the amount of labor required for morel cultivation, and eliminates the waste of manually puncturing and picking up nutrient bags.

In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15, the automatic seeding mechanism 250 includes a bottom frame 251, The bacterial strain cylinder 252 and the two feeding trays 253 and the bottom frame 251 are fixedly installed on the tops of the left and right lifting support frames 230, and the bacterial strain cylinder 252 is arranged on them.

The cross section of the strain cylinder 252 is an "8"-shaped structure, and its bottom is provided with a number of first through holes 2521 arranged at intervals along the left and right directions. The plurality of first through holes 2521 are arranged longitudinally corresponding to the width direction of the soil conveying crawler belt 220. Spread the seeds evenly on the soil surface.

The two lower feeding trays 253 are respectively hingedly provided at the bottom of the left and right ends of the strain cylinder 252, and have a plurality of second through holes 2531 corresponding to the first through holes 2521. By controlling the active movement of the unloading tray 253, the second through hole 2531 is aligned with the first through hole 2521 to form a connected through hole, through which the bacterial species in the bacterial species cylinder 252 can fall, thereby achieving bacterial separation. the goal of.

In addition, the automatic seeding mechanism 250 also includes a transmission gear 254, a limit sleeve 255 and a limit rod 256. The lower end of the limit rod 256 is fixedly connected to the top of the transmission shaft 402, and its outer peripheral wall is provided with limits arranged along the axial direction. bit chute. The inner peripheral wall of the limit sleeve 255 is provided with a number of limit protrusions that match the limit chute. The limit sleeve 255 can slide up and down on the limit rod 256 through the limit protrusions and the limit chute. The transmission gear 254 is fixedly sleeved on the limit sleeve 255, and the gears on its outer circumference are meshed and connected to the corresponding unloading plate 253. The unloading plate 253 rotates with the limit rod 256 to communicate or seal the first through hole 2521 and the second through hole up and down. Via 2531.

During the up and down movement of the lifting support frame 230, the connecting rod 235 is synchronously driven to slide up and down on the limit rod 256. Due to the effect of the limit protrusion of the limit chute, the limit rod 256 rotates at the same time. The limit sleeve 255 and the transmission gear 254 are driven to drive, thereby driving the unloading plate 253 meshed with them to rotate.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 6 , 12 , 13 and 14 , the integrated cultivator 200 further includes a soil turning plow 260 . Wherein: the soil turning plow 260 is located at the middle position of the rear end of the soil conveying crawler 220, and its top is fixed on the bottom frame 251 of the automatic seeding mechanism 250 through the connecting rod 261. The front tip of the soil plow 260 is relative to the direction of soil transportation. When the integrated cultivation machine 200 transports soil, nutrient bags and bacterial strains to the crawler cultivation layer 102, it is limited by the blocking effect of the soil plow 260, and the middle part is The soil is turned to both sides and covers the nutrient bags and strains on both sides, thereby automatically burying the nutrient bags and strains in the soil.

The morel cultivation device adopts an integrated cultivation machine with an integrated structure design. On the body 210, a power bin 211, a crawler installation bin 212, a soil storage bin 213 and a nutrient bag storage bin 214 are provided from bottom to top, and supporting The soil conveying track 220, the lifting support frame 230, the nutrient bag discharge roller 240, and the automatic seeding mechanism 250 simultaneously realize the functions of soil transportation, nutrient bag placement, and bacterial seed sowing. The degree of automation is high, and the cultivation of morels is greatly improved. Efficiency, saving labor and effort.

In addition, the present invention also provides a morel cultivation method based on the morel cultivation device, which mainly includes the following steps:

(1) Attitude adjustment: Move the integrated cultivation machine 200 to the feed end of the three-dimensional cultivation frame 100, and drive the lifting support frame 230 to move up and down through the second drive motor 400 and the electromagnetic clutch 404 to adjust the distance of the soil conveying crawler 220. The end is connected to the corresponding crawler cultivation layer 102;

(2) Filling raw materials: Load soil to be cultivated into the soil storage bin 213, load degradable nutrient bags into the nutrient bag storage bin 214, and add morel strains into the strain cylinder 252 to provide nutrients. The bags are evenly stacked in the nutrition bag storage bin 214 to facilitate discharging;

(3) Power configuration: Install the first drive motor 300 on the ground on one side of the three-dimensional cultivation frame 100. First, a transmission belt is used to connect the first drive motor 300 and the transmission wheel 105, and then four sets of transmission belts are used to connect the transmission wheel 105 and the transmission wheel 105 in pairs. Three transmission shafts 224, as well as transmission wheel 105 and synchronization wheel 243;

(4) Automatic discharging: start the first drive motor 300 to synchronously drive the crawler belts on the crawler-type cultivation layer 102, the soil conveying crawler belts 220 and the nutrient bag discharging roller 240 to rotate, and control the bottom of the soil storage bin 213 and the nutrient bag storage bin 214 The electric gate valve is opened, and the soil and nutrient bags are transported to the top through the soil conveying crawler 220; then the second drive motor 400 is started and the electromagnetic clutch 404 is closed to spread the strains in the strain cylinder 252 on the soil surface at intervals, And the nutrient bags and bacteria on both sides are buried in the soil under the action of the soil plow 260;

(5) Transfer cultivation: The soil with nutrient bags and bacterial strains buried on the top of the soil conveying crawler 220 is transferred to the proximal end of the crawler track of the docking crawler type cultivation layer 102 under the continuous transportation of the soil conveying crawler 220, until the nutrient bags and bacterial strains are buried. The planted soil extends to the far end of the crawler-type cultivation layer 102, covering the surface of the crawler-type cultivation layer 102, and stops operating the first driving motor 300;

(6) Repeat the above steps (1) to (5) to cover each crawler cultivation layer 102 on the three-dimensional cultivation rack 100 with soil embedded with nutrient bags and bacterial strains; then move the integrated cultivation machine 200 to other three-dimensional cultivation The rack 100 is installed to complete the three-dimensional cultivation of the entire greenhouse; finally, the light tubes and atomizing nozzles on the three-dimensional cultivation rack 100 are turned on, the ambient brightness and soil temperature and humidity in the greenhouse are adjusted, and the bacteria enter the growth period.

The last few points that should be explained are: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense and can be mechanical connections. Or electrical connection, or internal connection between two components, or direct connection. "Up", "Down", "Left", "Right", etc. are only used to express relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described is change, the relative positional relationship may change;

Secondly: the drawings of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention only involve structures related to the disclosed embodiments. Other structures can refer to common designs. The same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict;

Finally: The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a morchella cultivation device, its characterized in that, including setting up in integrated cultivation machine (200) of three-dimensional cultivation frame (100) feed end, integrated cultivation machine (200) include organism (210) and set up in soil transport track (220), lift support frame (230), nutrition bag row material roller (240), automatic seeding mechanism (250) on organism (210), wherein:

the machine body (210) is internally provided with a power bin (211), a track installation bin (212), a soil storage bin (213) and a nutrition bag storage bin (214) from bottom to top in sequence through a partition plate, the outlet of the track installation bin (212) is a slope (215) which is inclined downwards, and the cross sections of the soil storage bin (213) and the nutrition bag storage bin (214) are of an inverted cone structure;

the near end of the soil conveying crawler belt (220) can be arranged in the crawler belt installation bin (212) in a front-back sliding way and is positioned below a discharge hole at the bottom of the soil storage bin (213), and the far end of the soil conveying crawler belt is connected with the lifting support frame (230) and can move up and down along with the lifting support frame (230);

the lifting support frames (230) can be arranged at two sides of the far end of the machine body (210) in an up-down telescopic way, the upper ends of the lifting support frames are hinged with the far end of the soil conveying crawler belt (220), and the top of the lifting support frames is provided with the automatic sowing mechanism (250);

the lifting support frame (230) comprises two groups, wherein the two groups are respectively and symmetrically arranged on the front side wall and the rear side wall of the rear end of the machine body (210), each group comprises two limit guide rails (231), two telescopic rods (232), a lifting sliding block (233), a hollow screw rod (234), a connecting rod (235), a first fixing plate (236) and a second fixing plate (237), the two limit guide rails (231) are arranged on the side wall of the machine body (210) at intervals, the corresponding telescopic rods (232) are arranged in the two limit guide rails in a sliding manner, the top ends of the two telescopic rods (232) are connected through the connecting rod (235), and the first fixing plate (236) and the second fixing plate (237) which are downwards arranged are arranged on the connecting rod (235); the hollow screw (234) is vertically arranged between the two limit guide rails (231), the lifting slide block (233) is sleeved in the middle of the hollow screw, and the lifting slide block (233) is fixedly connected with the telescopic rods (232) at two sides; the upper end of the hollow screw rod (234) is fixed on the connecting rod (235) through a bearing, and the lower end of the hollow screw rod is connected with the transmission shaft (402) through an electromagnetic clutch (404);

the nutrition bag discharging roller (240) is positioned at a discharge hole at the bottom of the nutrition bag storage bin (214) and is positioned above the middle part of the soil conveying crawler belt (220); the nutrition bag discharging roller (240) comprises a roller (241) and a plurality of conical spines (242) which are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the roller (241), two ends of the roller (241) are rotatably arranged at a discharge hole at the bottom of the soil storage bin (213), and at least one end of the roller (241) is provided with a synchronous wheel (243);

the automatic sowing mechanism (250) is arranged at the top of the lifting support frame (230) and is positioned above the far end of the soil conveying crawler belt (220); the automatic sowing mechanism (250) comprises a bottom frame (251), a strain barrel (252) and two discharging trays (253), wherein the bottom frame (251) is fixedly arranged at the tops of the left lifting support frame (230) and the right lifting support frame (230), and the strain barrel (252) is arranged on the bottom frame; the cross section of the strain cylinder body (252) is of an 8-shaped structure, and a plurality of first through holes (2521) which are arranged at intervals are formed in the bottom of the strain cylinder body along the left-right direction; the two blanking discs (253) are respectively hinged to the bottoms of the left end and the right end of the strain cylinder (252), and a plurality of second through holes (2531) corresponding to the first through holes (2521) are formed in the blanking discs;

the automatic sowing mechanism (250) further comprises a transmission gear (254), a limiting sleeve (255) and a limiting rod (256), the lower end of the limiting rod (256) is fixedly connected with the top end of the transmission shaft (402), and the outer peripheral wall of the limiting rod is provided with a limiting chute which is axially arranged; the inner peripheral wall of the limit sleeve (255) is provided with a plurality of limit protrusions matched with the limit sliding grooves, and the limit sleeve (255) can be arranged on the limit rod (256) in a vertical sliding manner through the limit protrusions and the limit sliding grooves; the transmission gear (254) is fixedly sleeved on the limit sleeve (255), the gear on the periphery of the transmission gear is meshed with the corresponding blanking disc (253), and the blanking disc (253) rotates along with the limit rod (256) to be communicated with or close the first through hole (2521) and the second through hole (2531) up and down.

2. The morchella cultivation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the track installation bin (212), the soil bin (213) and the nutrition bag bin (214) are located at a proximal position of the top of the power bin (211), and are of an integrally formed structure, wherein:

sliding grooves (2121) are respectively formed in the left side wall and the right side wall of the mounting bin (212), and a first transmission shaft (222) and a second transmission shaft (223) at the proximal end of the soil conveying crawler belt (220) are arranged in the sliding grooves (2121);

the soil warehouse (213) with the front side wall of nutrition bag warehouse (214) has seted up corresponding feed inlet, just nutrition bag warehouse (214) bottom discharge gate intermediate position is provided with branch cone (2141).

3. The morchella cultivation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil conveying crawler (220) comprises a crawler body (221), a first drive shaft (222), a second drive shaft (223), a third drive shaft (224), a fourth drive shaft (225), a first spacing post (226) and a second spacing post (227), wherein:

the front end of the crawler body (221) is slidably arranged in sliding grooves (2121) on two sides of the installation bin (212) through the first transmission shaft (222) and the second transmission shaft (223), and the first transmission shaft (222) and the second transmission shaft (223) are positioned on the same horizontal plane;

the rear end of the crawler body (221) is hinged on a first fixing plate (236) and a second fixing plate (237) at the upper end of the lifting support frame (230) through a third transmission shaft (224) and a fourth transmission shaft (225), and the third transmission shaft (224) and the fourth transmission shaft (225) are positioned on the same horizontal plane;

the left side end and the right side end of the middle part of the crawler body (221) are respectively limited on the two side walls of the rear end outlet of the power bin (211) through the first limiting column (226) and the second limiting column (227), and the first limiting column (226) and the second limiting column (227) are correspondingly arranged up and down.

4. The morchella cultivation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said integrated cultivation machine (200) further comprises a plow (260), wherein:

the soil turning plow (260) is positioned at the middle part of the rear end of the soil conveying crawler belt (220), and the top of the soil turning plow is fixed on a bottom frame (251) of the automatic sowing mechanism (250) through a connecting rod (261).

5. The morchella cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional cultivation frame (100) comprises a supporting frame (101) and a plurality of crawler-type cultivation layers (102) which are sequentially arranged at intervals from bottom to top, the crawler-type cultivation layers (102) are erected on the supporting frame (101) through a plurality of driving wheels (105), and the driving wheels (105) are connected with a first driving motor (300) through driving belts.

6. The morchella cultivation device according to claim 5, wherein the three-dimensional cultivation frame (100) further comprises drainage grooves (103) respectively and correspondingly arranged at two sides of the crawler-type cultivation layer (102), the drainage grooves (103) are fixed on the supporting frame (101), and a plurality of the drainage grooves (103) at the same side are communicated through drainage pipes (104).

7. Morchella culture device according to claim 5, characterized in that the third transmission shaft (224) and the fourth transmission shaft (225) on the soil conveying crawler belt (220) and/or the synchronizing wheel (243) on the nutrition bag discharging roller (240) are connected with the transmission wheel (105) by means of a transmission belt.