CN115399223A - Irrigation equipment with external solar drive structure and its irrigation and early warning method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an irrigation device with an external solar driving structure and an irrigation and early warning method thereof, wherein the irrigation device comprises a power supply unit, a sensor unit, an irrigation lighting unit, a display input unit and a PLC (programmable logic controller) control unit, wherein the sensor unit comprises: soil moisture sensor, valve opening sensor, water level sensor, light sensor, meteorological sensor and voltage sensor, the PLC control unit is used for receiving the monitoring signal of sensor unit and shows input unit's input signal to send control command and give irrigation lighting unit and power supply unit, with monitoring information input to display device simultaneously. The photovoltaic irrigation system adopts the array photovoltaic panel to convert light energy into electric energy to supply power to the irrigation device, has good energy-saving and emission-reduction effects, and meanwhile, the power supply unit is provided with the power compensation device, so that power can be supplied to the storage battery when the power of the storage battery is insufficient, the continuity of power supply is ensured, and the problem that the survival rate of seedlings is influenced due to excessive irrigation caused by repeated irrigation is solved.

Description

Irrigation equipment with external solar drive structure and its irrigation and early warning method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of solar irrigation, in particular to an irrigation device with an external solar drive structure and an irrigation and early warning method thereof.

Background technique

Irrigation automation is one of the important means to develop energy-saving agriculture. With the development of science and technology, people's awareness of water conservation has gradually increased. my country has also adopted a series of encouraging policies and measures in agricultural irrigation and water conservation. The efficiency of irrigation water has gradually improved. Irrigation system is an important means to develop high-efficiency agriculture. Solar automatic irrigation system uses solar power to directly drive water pumps for irrigation, or converts solar energy into heat energy, and uses heat to evaporate liquid water to irrigate plants.

Patent CN106472249A discloses a solar automatic irrigation system, including a main control module, a power supply module, a soil detection module and an irrigation module. The control module includes a single-chip controller and a PC. Module, the system uses solar energy as the main energy source during operation, and pumps water to the water tower for storage when there is sufficient light, and at the same time charges the battery to prepare the water pump to work under insufficient light conditions; the device uses solar energy as the main energy source , Pump the water to the water tower and store it in the case of sufficient light. Although the battery is charged at the same time to prepare the water pump to work in the case of insufficient light, there is no guarantee that the solar power can meet the operation of the devices in the system. At the same time, how much is there? The remaining power is used to charge the battery, that is, the power of the solar energy may not meet the needs of the device in the system, and the power in the battery cannot meet the needs of the device in the system, so that the device cannot operate effectively and delay the timing of irrigation; Patent CN205848220U discloses a PLC-based solar automatic irrigation system, including a photovoltaic power supply module, a detection module, a PLC control module, and an irrigation module. The PLC control module is used to control the irrigation system, and a fuzzy PID controller is used to control the opening of the solenoid valve. It can control the irrigation volume more accurately, greatly improves the intelligence of the irrigation system, and realizes intelligent water-saving irrigation; the device is self-propelled, self-stopping, and self-adjusting sprinkler height during the sprinkling irrigation process, which is not limited by the geographical environment and has strong adaptability , but there is no power compensation device, which cannot guarantee the continuity of the power supply of the entire automatic irrigation system; at the same time, the above patents are not equipped with weather sensors, which cannot avoid the subsequent rainy weather after irrigation, which may lead to over-irrigation, resulting in the survival of seedlings and plants At the same time, water resources are wasted, and light compensation devices are not installed, so it is impossible to perform light compensation for seedling plants that lack light. If it is necessary to increase the light duration, it is necessary to manually set cables to provide lighting devices. The degree of automation and integration is not high. high.

In order to solve the problems of the existing solar irrigation devices that cannot guarantee the continuity of power supply, the need to manually assume that the cable provides the light compensation device, and the excessive irrigation and water waste caused by weather, we propose an irrigation device with an external solar drive structure and Its irrigation and early warning methods.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an irrigation device with an external solar drive structure and its irrigation and early warning method, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

An irrigation device with an external solar drive structure, comprising: a power supply unit, a sensor unit, an irrigation lighting unit, a display input unit and a PLC control unit;

The power supply unit includes: a solar power generation unit, a battery device and a power compensation device, and the battery device includes a battery pack;

The sensor unit includes: soil moisture sensor, valve opening sensor, water level sensor, light sensor, weather sensor and voltage sensor;

The irrigation lighting unit includes: an irrigation device, a lighting device and a water supply device. The irrigation device (10) includes a water pump II, an irrigation solenoid valve and a connector. Water tank and water pump I;

The display input unit includes: a display device and an input unit; the various monitoring information of the display device is convenient for understanding the operation of the device, and the input unit is used to set the threshold of each monitoring data;

The power supply unit is used to convert light energy into electrical energy and supply power to the entire irrigation equipment. The PLC control unit is used to receive the monitoring signal of the sensor unit and the input signal of the display input unit, and send control instructions to the irrigation lighting unit and the power supply unit. The monitoring information is input to the display device.

As a preferred technical solution:

According to the above-mentioned irrigation equipment with an external solar drive structure, the solar power generation unit includes an array photovoltaic panel and an inverter controller, and the array photovoltaic panel and the inverter controller are electrically connected.

According to the above-mentioned irrigation equipment with an external solar drive structure, the battery device also includes a power management module, the power management module includes a voltage sensor, the battery pack is electrically connected to the power management module, and the voltage sensor is used to convert the voltage information of the battery pack Send to PLC control unit.

According to the above-mentioned irrigation equipment with an external solar drive structure, the power compensation device includes a generator set, the power compensation device includes a generator set, and the power compensation device is electrically connected to a battery pack.

The irrigation equipment of a kind of external solar drive structure as mentioned above, water supply device also comprises: filter and water inlet pipe, the end of water inlet pipe connects water source, and the water inlet pipe section between water pump 1 and water source is provided with filter; A water level sensor is arranged above the inner wall, and the water level sensor is used to send the water level information in the water storage tank to the PLC control unit.

According to the above-mentioned irrigation equipment with an external solar drive structure, the irrigation device also includes: irrigation water pipes and booster pumps, filter plates are arranged at the connection between the irrigation water pipes and the water storage tank, and the tail sections of the irrigation water pipes are evenly spaced with Several connecting heads, the connecting heads are sealed and connected with irrigation nozzles, the irrigation solenoid valve is arranged between the booster pump and the tail section of the irrigation water pipe, the irrigation solenoid valve also includes a valve opening sensor, and the valve opening sensor is used to turn the irrigation solenoid valve The opening degree information is sent to the PLC control unit.

According to the above-mentioned irrigation equipment with external solar drive structure, the connecting head includes an outer spherical shell and an inner spherical shell, the outer spherical shell is screwed to the irrigation water pipe, and one end of the inner spherical shell is arranged on the outer spherical shell. Inside, the other end passes through the outer spherical shell and is connected to the irrigation nozzle through threads. The inner spherical shell can rotate at multiple angles inside the outer spherical shell. The inner surface of the outer spherical shell is provided with an annular groove I and an annular groove II. There is a first water-repelling ring inside the annular groove I. One side of the first water-repelling ring is closely attached to the outer spherical shell, and the other side is closely attached to the inner spherical shell. The first water-repelling ring is used for To prevent the water inside the connector from leaking through the gap between the outer spherical shell and the inner spherical shell, a second water-separating ring is arranged inside the annular groove II, and the cross-section of the second water-separating ring is m-shaped in the radial direction. The two arches of the m-shape are in close contact with the inner spherical shell to form a sealed space, and the m-shaped ring is squeezed by the inner spherical shell, so that the two arches of the m-shape are in close contact with the inner spherical shell to form a seal The space serves to prevent the water inside the connector from leaking through the gap between the outer spherical shell and the inner spherical shell. The connector also includes a locking ring, which is sleeved outside the inner spherical shell, and The spherical shell is fixed by bolts, and the first water-separating ring and the second water-separating ring are made of high-elastic and wear-resistant materials.

As mentioned above, the irrigation equipment with an external solar drive structure, the display device includes a display screen, the meteorological sensor is used to send the acquired weather information to the PLC control unit, and the soil moisture sensor is used to send the monitored soil moisture information to the In the PLC control unit, the light sensor is used to send the acquired light intensity information to the PLC control unit.

According to the above-mentioned irrigation equipment with an external solar drive structure, several soil moisture sensors are arranged and evenly distributed in the area to be irrigated. Each sensor in the sensor unit is connected to the PLC control unit through a wireless network.

An irrigation device with an external solar drive structure according to the present invention, its irrigation and early warning method comprises the following steps:

S1: Monitor the voltage information of the battery pack through the voltage sensor. If the voltage is greater than or equal to the preset minimum voltage value, go directly to step S2; if the voltage is lower than the preset minimum voltage value, the PLC control unit sends a low voltage warning command to the display device , and at the same time send command VI to start the power compensation device, when the voltage is greater than or equal to the preset minimum voltage value, the PLC control unit sends command VIII to turn off the power compensation device, cancel the low-voltage warning, and enter S2;

S2: Judging the water level information in the water storage tank through the water level sensor, if the water level is greater than or equal to the preset minimum water level threshold, then directly enter step S3; if the water level information is less than the preset minimum water level threshold, the PLC control unit sends a water level warning command to The display device sends an instruction I to start the water pump I to inject water into the water storage tank. When the water injection reaches the preset maximum water level threshold, the PLC control unit sends an instruction II to turn off the water pump I, cancel the water level warning, and enter S3;

S3: Monitor the soil moisture information through all soil moisture sensors, send the soil moisture value to the PLC control unit at a time interval t, and take the expectation of all the soil moisture values sent each time as the actual value of soil moisture at the time of sending, and the actual value of soil moisture If it is less than the preset minimum humidity threshold, enter step S4, and at the same time, the PLC control unit sends a humidity warning command to the display device; if the actual soil moisture value is greater than or equal to the preset minimum humidity threshold, no operation is performed;

S4: Use the weather sensor to determine whether there is rain within the preset future time t1, if there is no rain within the preset future time t, then enter step S5; if it rains within the preset future time t1, the PLC control unit sends a rain warning command Go to the display device, cancel the rain warning after the rain ends, and enter S3;

S5: Determine whether the irrigation solenoid valve is open through the valve opening sensor, if the irrigation solenoid valve is open, then directly enter step S6; if the irrigation solenoid valve is not open, the PLC control unit sends an opening warning command to the display device, and at the same time sends command III Turn on the irrigation solenoid valve, cancel the opening warning, and enter step S6;

S6: The PLC control unit sends an instruction IV to start the water pump II, and enters step S7;

S7: Continuously monitor the soil moisture information through the soil moisture sensor. When the actual value of the soil moisture is within the preset humidity range, the PLC control unit sends an instruction V to turn off the water pump II and the irrigation solenoid valve in turn, and release the humidity warning at the same time;

Among them, the lowest voltage value in step S1, the lowest water level threshold and the highest water level threshold in step S2, the time interval t and the lowest humidity threshold in step S3, the future duration t1 in step S4, and the humidity interval in step S7 are all passed The input unit is input and can be modified at any time; step S2 also includes monitoring the light intensity through the light sensor, if the light intensity is greater than or equal to the preset light intensity, the PLC control unit does not send a lighting command; if the light intensity is less than the preset light intensity , the PLC control unit sends command VII to start the lighting device, and the lighting duration t2, the value of t2 is input through the input unit and can be modified at any time.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

The invention adopts array photovoltaic panels to convert light energy into electric energy to supply power for the irrigation device, which has a good effect of energy saving and emission reduction. At the same time, the power supply unit is equipped with a power compensation device, which can supply power for the battery pack when the power of the battery pack is insufficient, ensuring Continuity of power supply, avoiding the problem that the automatic irrigation device cannot be used due to insufficient power of the battery pack due to weather or damage to the photovoltaic panel;

The present invention is equipped with a meteorological sensor, which can quickly obtain accurate meteorological information and send it to the PLC control unit. When it is about to rain, the entire irrigation device will not perform irrigation operations, avoiding excessive irrigation caused by repeated irrigation, and then affecting The survival rate of seedlings;

The invention is equipped with a light sensor, which can obtain light intensity information through the light sensor and send it to the PLC control unit. When the light intensity or light time is not enough, the lighting device is turned on to continue to provide light for seedlings, ensuring that seedlings can obtain suitable light growth. Environment, promote the rapid growth of seedlings;

The PLC control unit of the present invention combines a plurality of soil moisture sensors and valve opening sensors to obtain accurate soil moisture information, and to irrigate seedlings in time when the soil moisture is insufficient. Through the set soil moisture threshold and controllable irrigation electromagnetic The valve realizes the precise control of the amount of irrigation, so that the seedlings are always in a suitable soil humidity environment, which is conducive to the growth of the seedlings;

The tail section of the irrigation water pipe of the present invention is evenly spaced with several connectors, the connectors can be used to connect the irrigation nozzles, and at the same time, the irrigation nozzles can be connected to the appropriate connectors according to the position of the seedlings, so that the irrigation can be done more quickly and effectively;

The irrigation equipment of the present invention greatly improves the intelligence of the irrigation system, and at the same time realizes intelligent water-saving irrigation without manual monitoring, greatly reduces manual operations, and saves labor costs;

The first water-repelling ring and the m-shaped second water-repelling ring provided by the connector of the present invention, the sealed space formed by the two arches of the m-shaped second water-repelling ring and the inner spherical shell in close contact, plays a new role Prevent the water inside the connector from seeping through the gap between the outer spherical shell and the inner spherical shell.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the connection structure schematic diagram of each module unit of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a water supply device and an irrigation device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the power supply unit of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the tail section of the irrigation device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of connector among the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure at A in Fig. 5;

In the figure: 1.1-array photovoltaic panel, 1.2-inverter controller, 2.1-battery pack, 2.2-power management module, 3.1-generator set, 10.1-water pump II, 10.2-booster pump, 10.3-irrigation water pipe, 10.4- Irrigation solenoid valve, 10.5-connector, 10.51-outer spherical shell, 10.52-inner spherical shell, 10.53-first water separator, 10.54-second water separator, 10.55-locking ring, 10.6-irrigation nozzle, 10.7-filter plate, 12.1-water storage tank, 12.2-water pump I, 12.3-water inlet pipe, 12.4-filter, 6-water level sensor.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, an irrigation device with an external solar drive structure includes: a power supply unit, a sensor unit, an irrigation lighting unit, a display input unit and a PLC control unit 15;

The power supply unit includes: a solar power generation unit 1, a storage battery device 2, and a power compensation device 3. The solar power generation unit 1 includes an array photovoltaic panel 1.1 and an inverter controller 1.2. The array photovoltaic panel 1.1 and the inverter controller 1.2 are electrically connected, and the storage battery device 2 includes a battery pack 2.1 and a power management module 2.2, the power management module 2.2 includes a voltage sensor 9, the battery pack 2.1 is electrically connected to the power management module 2.2, and the voltage sensor 9 is used to send the voltage information of the battery pack 2.1 to the PLC control unit 15 , the power compensation device 3 includes a generator set 3.1, and the power compensation device 3 is electrically connected to the battery pack 2.1;

The sensor unit includes: a soil humidity sensor 4, a valve opening sensor 5, a water level sensor 6, an illumination sensor 7, a meteorological sensor 8 and a voltage sensor 9, and each sensor in the sensor unit is connected to the PLC control unit 15 through a wireless network;

The meteorological sensor 8 is used to send the acquired meteorological information to the PLC control unit 15;

There are several soil moisture sensors 4, which are evenly distributed in the area to be irrigated, and are used to send the monitored soil moisture information to the PLC control unit 15;

The light sensor 7 is used to send the obtained light intensity information to the PLC control unit 15;

The irrigation lighting unit comprises: an irrigation device 10, a lighting device 11 and a water supply device 12;

As shown in Figure 2, the water supply device 12 includes a water storage tank 12.1, a water pump 12.2 and a water inlet pipe 12.3, and the end of the water inlet pipe 12.3 is connected to a water source, and the water inlet pipe section between the water pump I 12.2 and the water source is provided with a filter 12.4; the water storage tank 12.1 A water level sensor 6 is arranged above the inner wall of the water tank, and the water level sensor 6 is used to send the water level information in the water storage tank 12.1 to the PLC control unit 15;

The irrigation device 10 includes: a water pump II 10.1, a booster pump 10.2, and an irrigation solenoid valve 10.4 that are sequentially connected to the water storage tank 12.1 through the irrigation water pipe 10.3, and a filter plate (10.7) is provided at the connection between the irrigation water pipe 10.3 and the water storage tank 12.1, as shown in the figure As shown in Figure 4, the tail section of the irrigation water pipe 10.3 is evenly spaced with several connectors 10.5, and the connectors 10.5 are sealed and connected with irrigation nozzles 10.6; as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the connectors 10.5 include outer spherical shells 10.51 and The inner spherical shell 10.52, the outer spherical shell 10.51 are screwed to the irrigation water pipe 10.3, one end of the inner spherical shell 10.52 is set inside the outer spherical shell 10.51, and the other end passes through the outer spherical shell 10.51 and is connected to the irrigation nozzle 10.6 by thread , the inner spherical housing 10.52 can rotate at multiple angles inside the outer spherical housing 10.51, the inner surface of the outer spherical housing 10.51 is provided with an annular groove I and an annular groove II, and the inner surface of the annular groove I is provided with a first partition Water ring 10.53, one side of the first water-proof ring 10.53 fits the outer spherical shell 10.51, and the other side fits the inner spherical shell 10.52, and a second water-proof ring 10.54 is arranged inside the annular groove II, and the second water-proof ring The section of the ring 10.54 in the radial direction is m-shaped, and the two arches of the m-shape are in close contact with the inner spherical shell 10.52 to form a sealed space. The connector 10.5 also includes a locking ring 10.55, which is sleeved in the inner spherical shell The outside of the shell 10.52 is fixed with the outer spherical shell 10.51 by bolts, and the first water-separating ring 10.53 and the second water-separating ring 10.54 are made of high-elastic and wear-resistant materials;

The irrigation solenoid valve 10.4 also includes a valve opening sensor 5, and the valve opening sensor 5 is used to send the opening information of the irrigation solenoid valve 10.4 to the PLC control unit 15;

The display input unit includes a display device 13 and an input unit 14, and the display device 13 includes a display screen;

The power supply unit is used to convert light energy into electrical energy and supply power to the entire irrigation equipment. The PLC control unit 15 is used to receive the monitoring signal of the sensor unit and the input signal of the display input unit, and send control instructions to the irrigation lighting unit and the power supply unit. , and simultaneously input the monitoring information to the display device 13;

The above-mentioned irrigation equipment with an external solar drive structure, its irrigation and early warning methods include:

S1: Monitor the voltage information of the battery pack 2.1 through the voltage sensor, if the voltage is greater than or equal to the preset minimum voltage value, then directly enter step S2; if the voltage is lower than the preset minimum voltage value, the PLC control unit 15 sends a low voltage warning command to The display device 13 sends the command VI to start the power compensation device 3 at the same time. When the voltage is greater than or equal to the preset minimum voltage value, the PLC control unit 15 sends the command VIII to close the power compensation device 3, cancels the low-voltage warning, and enters S2; in addition; The light sensor 7 monitors the light intensity. If the light intensity is greater than or equal to the preset light intensity, the PLC control unit 15 does not send a lighting instruction; if the light intensity is less than the preset light intensity, the PLC control unit 15 sends an instruction VII to start the lighting device 11 , and the lighting duration t2;

S2: Judging the water level information in the water storage tank 12.1 by the water level sensor 6, if the water level is greater than or equal to the preset minimum water level threshold, then directly enter step S3; if the water level information is less than the preset minimum water level threshold, then the PLC control unit 15 sends the water level The early warning instruction is sent to the display device 13, and at the same time, the instruction I is sent to start the water pump I 12.2 to inject water into the water storage tank 12.1. When the water injection reaches the preset maximum water level threshold, the PLC control unit 15 sends an instruction II to close the water pump I 12.2, and the water level warning is released, and Enter S3;

S3: monitor soil moisture information through all soil moisture sensors 4, send a soil moisture value to the PLC control unit 15 with time interval t, take the expectation of all soil moisture values sent each time as the actual value of soil moisture at the time of sending, soil moisture If the actual value is less than the preset minimum humidity threshold, then enter step S4, and at the same time, the PLC control unit 15 sends a humidity warning command to the display device 13; if the actual soil moisture value is greater than or equal to the preset minimum humidity threshold, no operation is performed;

S4: Use the weather sensor 8 to judge whether it rains in the preset future time t1, if there is no rain in the preset future time t1, then enter step S5; if it rains in the preset future time t1, then the PLC control unit 15 sends the rainfall The early warning command is sent to the display device 13, and the rain warning is released after the rainfall ends, and enters S3;

S5: Determine whether the irrigation solenoid valve 10.4 is opened by the valve opening sensor 5, if the irrigation solenoid valve 10.4 is opened, then directly enter step S6; if the irrigation solenoid valve 10.4 is not opened, the PLC control unit 15 sends an opening warning command to the display device 13. At the same time, send instruction III to open the irrigation solenoid valve 10.4, cancel the opening warning, and enter step S6;

S6: PLC control unit 15 sends instruction IV to start water pump II10.1, and enters step S7;

S7: Continuously monitor the soil moisture information through the soil moisture sensor 4. When the actual value of the soil moisture is within the preset humidity range, the PLC control unit 15 sends an instruction V to turn off the water pump II 10.1 and the irrigation solenoid valve 10.4 in turn, and release the humidity warning at the same time;

Among them, the minimum voltage value in S1, the lighting duration t2 in S2, the minimum water level threshold and the maximum water level threshold, the time interval t and the minimum humidity threshold in S3, the future duration t1 in S4, and the humidity interval in S7 are all input Unit 14 input and can be modified at any time.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. An irrigation device with an external solar drive structure, characterized in that it includes: a power supply unit, a sensor unit, an irrigation lighting unit, a display input unit and a PLC control unit (15); The power supply unit includes: a solar power generation unit (1), a battery device (2) and a power compensation device (3), and the battery device (2) includes a battery pack (2.1); The sensor unit includes: a soil humidity sensor (4), a valve opening sensor (5), a water level sensor (6), an illumination sensor (7), a meteorological sensor (8) and a voltage sensor (9); The irrigation lighting unit includes: an irrigation device (10), a lighting device (11) and a water supply device (12), and the irrigation device (10) includes a water pump II (10.1), an irrigation solenoid valve (10.4) and a connector (10.5 ), the connector (10.5) includes a second water barrier (10.54) with an m-shaped radial section, and the water supply device (12) includes a water storage tank (12.1) and a water pump I (12.2); The display input unit includes: a display device (13) and an input unit (14); The power supply unit is used to convert light energy into electrical energy and supply power to the entire irrigation equipment, and the PLC control unit (15) is used to receive the monitoring signal of the sensor unit and the input signal of the display input unit, and send control instructions to the irrigation lighting The unit and the power supply unit simultaneously input the monitoring information to the display device (13). 2. The irrigation equipment with external solar drive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the solar power generation unit (1) includes an array photovoltaic panel (1.1) and an inverter controller (1.2), and the array photovoltaic The board (1.1) is electrically connected to the inverter controller (1.2). 3. The irrigation equipment with an external solar drive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery device (2) further includes a power management module (2.2), and the power management module (2.2) includes a voltage sensor ( 9), the battery pack (2.1) is electrically connected to the power management module (2.2), and the voltage sensor (9) is used to send the voltage information of the battery pack (2.1) to the PLC control unit (15). 4. The irrigation equipment with an external solar drive structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the power compensation device (3) includes a generator set (3.1), a power compensation device (3) and a battery pack (2.1 ) are electrically connected. 5. The irrigation equipment with an external solar drive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the water supply device (12) further comprises: a filter (12.4) and a water inlet pipe (12.3), the water inlet pipe (12.3 ) is connected to the water source, and a filter (12.4) is set on the water inlet pipe section between the water pump I (12.2) and the water source; a water level sensor (6) is set above the inner wall of the water storage tank (12.1), and the water level sensor (6) is used to The water level information in the water storage tank (12.1) is sent to the PLC control unit (15). 6. The irrigation equipment with an external solar drive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the irrigation device (10) further comprises: irrigation water pipes (10.3) and booster pumps (10.2), irrigation water pipes ( 10.3) A filter plate (10.7) is installed at the connection with the water storage tank (12.1), and several connectors (10.5) are evenly spaced at the end of the irrigation water pipe (10.3), and the connectors (10.5) are sealed and connected with irrigation nozzles (10.6); The irrigation solenoid valve (10.4) is set between the booster pump (10.2) and the tail section of the irrigation pipe (10.3), and the irrigation solenoid valve (10.4) also includes a valve opening sensor (5), a valve opening sensor (5) Used to send the opening degree information of the irrigation solenoid valve (10.4) to the PLC control unit (15). 7. The irrigation equipment with an external solar drive structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the connector (10.5) includes an outer spherical shell (10.51) and an inner spherical shell (10.52), and the outer spherical shell (10.51) is threadedly connected with the irrigation water pipe (10.3), one end of the inner spherical shell (10.52) is set inside the outer spherical shell (10.51), and the other end passes through the outer spherical shell (10.51) and is connected to the irrigation nozzle ( 10.6), the inner spherical shell (10.52) can rotate at multiple angles inside the outer spherical shell (10.51), and the inner surface of the outer spherical shell (10.51) is provided with an annular groove I and an annular groove II, the annular groove There is a first water-proof ring (10.53) inside I, one side of the first water-proof ring (10.53) fits with the outer spherical shell (10.51), and the other side fits with the inner spherical shell (10.52). There is a second water-separating ring (10.54) inside the tank II, the second water-separating ring (10.54) has an m-shaped section in the radial direction, and the two arches of the m-shape are formed by close contact with the inner spherical shell (10.52) To seal the space, the connector (10.5) also includes a locking ring (10.55), which is sleeved outside the inner spherical shell (10.52) and fixed with the outer spherical shell (10.51) by bolts. The first Both the water-repelling ring (10.53) and the second water-repelling ring (10.54) are made of high elastic and wear-resistant materials. 8. The irrigation equipment with an external solar drive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the display device (13) includes a display screen, and the weather sensor (8) is used to send the acquired weather information to the PLC The control unit (15), the soil moisture sensor (4) is used to send the monitored soil moisture information to the PLC control unit (15), and the light sensor (7) is used to send the acquired light intensity information to the PLC control unit ( 15). 9. The irrigation equipment with an external solar drive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that there are several soil moisture sensors (4), which are evenly distributed in the area to be irrigated, and the sensor units Each sensor is connected with the PLC control unit (15) through a wireless network. 10. An irrigation device with an external solar drive structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the irrigation and early warning method comprises the following steps: S1: Monitor the voltage information of the battery pack (2.1) through the voltage sensor. If the voltage is greater than or equal to the preset minimum voltage value, go directly to step S2; if the voltage is lower than the preset minimum voltage value, the PLC control unit (15) sends The low-voltage warning command is sent to the display device (13), and at the same time, the command VI is sent to start the power compensation device (3). When the voltage is greater than or equal to the preset minimum voltage value, the PLC control unit (15) sends the command VIII to turn off the power compensation device (3), Release the low pressure warning and enter S2; S2: Judging the water level information in the water storage tank (12.1) by the water level sensor (6), if the water level is greater than or equal to the preset minimum water level threshold, then go directly to step S3; if the water level information is less than the preset minimum water level threshold, PLC control The unit (15) sends a water level warning command to the display device (13), and at the same time sends a command I to start the water pump I (12.2) to inject water into the water storage tank (12.1). When the water injection reaches the preset maximum water level threshold, the PLC control unit (15 ) Send command II to turn off water pump I (12.2), cancel water level warning, and enter S3; S3: Monitor the soil moisture information through all soil moisture sensors (4), send the soil moisture value to the PLC control unit (15) at a time interval t, and take the expectation of all soil moisture values sent each time as the actual soil moisture at the time of sending value, the actual value of soil moisture is less than the preset minimum humidity threshold, then enter step S4, and at the same time the PLC control unit (15) sends a humidity warning command to the display device (13); if the actual soil moisture value is greater than or equal to the preset minimum humidity threshold , no operation is performed; S4: Use the meteorological sensor (8) to judge whether there is rain in the preset future time t1, if there is no rain in the preset future time t1, then enter step S5; if it rains in the preset future time t1, the PLC control unit ( 15) Send a rain warning command to the display device (13), cancel the rain warning after the rain ends, and enter S3; S5: Use the valve opening sensor (5) to determine whether the irrigation solenoid valve (10.4) is open, if the irrigation solenoid valve (10.4) is open, then go directly to step S6; if the irrigation solenoid valve (10.4) is not open, then the PLC control unit ( 15) Send an opening warning command to the display device (13), and at the same time send command III to open the irrigation solenoid valve (10.4), cancel the opening warning, and enter step S6; S6: PLC control unit (15) sends instruction IV to start water pump II (10.1), and enters step S7; S7: The soil moisture information is continuously monitored through the soil moisture sensor (4). When the actual value of the soil moisture is within the preset humidity range, the PLC control unit (15) sends an instruction V to turn off the water pump II (10.1) and the irrigation solenoid valve (10.4) in turn. ), and release the humidity warning at the same time; Among them, the lowest voltage value in step S1, the lowest water level threshold and the highest water level threshold in step S2, the time interval t and the lowest humidity threshold in step S3, the future duration t1 in step S4, and the humidity interval in step S7 are all passed The input unit (14) inputs and can be modified at any time; step S2 also includes monitoring the light intensity through the light sensor (7), and if the light intensity is greater than or equal to the preset light intensity, the PLC control unit (15) does not send a lighting command; If the light intensity is less than the preset light intensity, the PLC control unit (15) sends command VII to start the lighting device (11), and the lighting duration t2, the value of t2 is input through the input unit (14), and can be modified at any time.

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