CN115399133B - A vertical root zone alternating water and fertilizer irrigation system and irrigation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a perpendicular root zone alternative water and fertilizer irrigation system, relates to plant irrigation equipment technical field, including supplying water fertile subassembly and irrigation subassembly, supply water fertile subassembly and be connected with irrigation subassembly, irrigation subassembly is including burying underground irrigation module that is close to earth's surface position department and burying underground irrigation module that earth's surface was kept away from to earth's surface irrigation module below, and earth's surface irrigation module installs the earth's surface control valve that is used for controlling earth's surface irrigation module switching with supplying water fertile subassembly junction, and underground irrigation module installs the underground control valve that is used for controlling underground irrigation module switching with supplying water fertile subassembly junction. The invention can achieve the aim of high efficiency and water saving under the condition of ensuring the stable and unchangeable crop yield, can improve the crop quality and the soil environment, ensures the crop to produce self-regulation by carrying out vertical dry-wet circulation alternation on the plant root system, is beneficial to the absorption of the crop to the soil nutrient, and has positive effect on drought environment.

Description

A vertical root zone alternating water and fertilizer irrigation system and irrigation method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant irrigation equipment, in particular to a vertical root zone alternating water and fertilizer irrigation system and an irrigation method.

Background Art

Water is an important component of life and a strategic resource that determines national planning and development. However, my country has always had a water shortage problem. Agricultural production consumes a huge amount of water, accounting for about 65% of the country's total water supply. In addition, my country's agricultural irrigation measures are generally extensive, and the effective utilization coefficient of farmland irrigation water is far lower than the world's advanced level of 0.7 to 0.8, resulting in a large waste of water resources. It is urgent to explore an efficient and water-saving irrigation technology. The development of water-saving irrigation agriculture has extremely important economic and ecological significance.

In 1996, Kang Shaozhong proposed a new farmland water-saving technology of alternate root zone irrigation based on the root signal theory, that is, alternate irrigation of plant roots in different zones in the horizontal or vertical direction to exercise crop roots in alternating dry and wet conditions. Watering a part of the plant root system ensures the water necessary for crop growth, while the other part of the root system produces root signal abscisic acid (ABA) in a water-deficient state, which is transmitted from the roots to the leaves, causing the leaf stomata to shrink or close, thereby reducing the water lost by transpiration and improving the water use efficiency of the plant. A large number of studies have shown that alternate root zone irrigation has the advantages of saving irrigation volume, maintaining crop yields and improving water use efficiency.

Vertical root alternating irrigation is to alternately irrigate the roots of plants in the vertical direction, so that the roots of plants maintain alternating dry and wet cycles in the vertical direction. Horizontal root alternating irrigation is only suitable for fibrous root crops, while vertical root alternating irrigation is suitable for both fibrous root crops and taproot crops, and has a higher water-saving effect than horizontal alternating irrigation. However, this method is currently difficult to operate and lacks a matching irrigation and fertilization system. Patent No. CN 101904291 A discloses an underground partitioned alternating infiltration irrigation system and irrigation method for field fruit trees, which is an underground horizontal root zone irrigation method only for field fruit trees. Its working principle is to arrange at least two groups of infiltration irrigation components on the left and right sides of the fruit tree root system, and open the infiltration irrigation control valves on both sides of the valve well in sequence to achieve horizontal root zone alternating irrigation for field fruit trees. The above-mentioned irrigation system is limited to large-scale fruit trees. It is a horizontal root zone alternating irrigation system. It cannot realize local root zone irrigation of small economic crops, thereby performing intelligent water and fertilizer management and automatic control. Compared with vertical root zone alternating irrigation, the water utilization efficiency is lower, and the setting of the valve well will cause interference in farmland operations, which is not convenient for promotion and application.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a vertical root zone alternating water and fertilizer irrigation system and irrigation method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A vertical root zone alternating water-fertilizer irrigation system comprises a water supply and fertilizer component and an irrigation component, wherein the water supply and fertilizer component is connected to the irrigation component, wherein the irrigation component comprises a surface irrigation module buried near the surface and an underground irrigation module buried below the surface irrigation module and away from the surface, a surface control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the surface irrigation module is installed at the connection between the surface irrigation module and the water supply and fertilizer component, and an underground control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the underground irrigation module is installed at the connection between the underground irrigation module and the water supply and fertilizer component.

As a further solution of the present invention: a plurality of spherical permeators for irrigation are installed on the surface irrigation module and the underground irrigation module.

As a further solution of the present invention: the spherical permeator includes a connecting section and a permeation section, the connecting section is a hollow tubular structure, the connecting section connects the permeation section and the irrigation component, the permeation section is a hollow spherical structure, and a plurality of infiltration holes are opened on the spherical structure.

As a further solution of the present invention: the connecting section is a hollow tube structure, the connecting section includes a permeator conduit, a confluence nozzle and a downcomer, the permeator conduit, the confluence nozzle and the downcomer are an integrally formed structure and the permeator conduit, the confluence nozzle and the downcomer are connected in sequence, the diameter of the permeator conduit is larger than the diameter of the downcomer, a conduit top end thread is opened on the outside of the top of the permeator conduit, and a conduit bottom end thread is opened on the outside of the downcomer.

As a further solution of the present invention: the infiltration section includes a hollow spherical infiltration chamber, the outer side of the infiltration chamber is wrapped with a sandy stabilizing irrigation layer, a plurality of infiltration irrigation holes are opened on the infiltration chamber, and the lower conduit is connected and communicated with the infiltration chamber through the thread at the bottom end of the conduit.

As a further solution of the present invention: a rubber ring is installed between the connecting section and the permeation section to prevent liquid from leaking out.

As a further solution of the present invention: the water supply fertilizer assembly includes a water storage tank, a main line, a side line and a fertilizer tank, the water inlet of the main line is connected to the water storage tank, and a main line ball valve, a booster pump, a main line filter, and a flow meter are installed in sequence on the main line along the water flow direction; a branch pipe is connected between the water storage tank and the main line ball valve, the end of the branch pipe is connected to the fertilizer tank, and the fertilizer tank water inlet ball valve is installed on the branch pipe; a side line is provided between the main line ball valve and the booster pump, and the side line is arranged in parallel with the main line, and a fertilizer water inlet ball valve, a side pipe filter, a proportional fertilizer applicator, and a fertilizer water outlet ball valve are installed in sequence on the side line along the water flow direction, and the proportional fertilizer applicator is connected to the fertilizer tank through a fertilizer suction pipe.

As a further solution of the present invention: the surface irrigation module includes a surface branch pipe, and the underground irrigation module includes an underground branch pipe. The water inlets of the surface branch pipe and the underground branch pipe are both connected to the water outlet of the main pipe. A surface branch pipe control ball valve is installed at the position of the surface branch pipe close to the main pipe, and an underground branch pipe control ball valve is installed at the position of the underground branch pipe close to the main pipe.

A vertical root zone alternating water-fertilizer irrigation system and an irrigation method, using the vertical root zone alternating water-fertilizer irrigation system for irrigation, the specific steps are as follows:

The first step is to set a crop irrigation plan according to the crop growth conditions, and number the irrigation times from the first, second to the Nth time;

In the second step, if N is an odd number, the surface control valve is opened and the underground control valve is closed to use the surface irrigation module for irrigation, then when N is an even number, the underground control valve is opened and the surface control valve is closed to use the underground irrigation module for irrigation; if N is an even number, the surface control valve is opened and the underground control valve is closed to use the surface irrigation module for irrigation, then when N is an odd number, the underground control valve is opened and the surface control valve is closed to use the underground irrigation module for irrigation.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The main advantage of the controlled vertical alternating irrigation in the present invention is that it can achieve the purpose of efficient water saving while ensuring that the crop yield remains basically stable, and at the same time it can improve the crop quality and the soil environment.

1. By subjecting the plant roots to vertical dry-wet cycles, the crops can self-regulate. The hydrotropism of the crop root system and the compensatory growth of the plants promote the development of the crop root length and root density, which is beneficial to the crop's absorption of soil nutrients and has a positive effect on arid environments.

2. Since this invention adopts alternating irrigation in the vertical direction, it effectively reduces soil surface evaporation and avoids excess water leakage in conventional ground irrigation, thereby reducing field water consumption and improving water and fertilizer utilization efficiency.

3. By alternating dry and wet cycles in the vertical direction, the crops produce root signals ABA, which close the stomata and reduce the transpiration of the crops. When the crop leaves receive the root signals, the stomata shrink or even close, reducing evaporation. Since the reduction in transpiration rate is much greater than the reduction in photosynthesis rate, unnecessary transpiration of crops is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the water consumption of crops.

4. It is helpful to alleviate soil salinization. Vertical root zone alternating irrigation is used to irrigate part of the field soil, so that the local soil remains moist and the local soil remains dry, reducing the evaporation of the soil surface and limiting the soil salt accumulation and return caused by evaporation to a great extent.

5. The design of the spherical irrigator has the characteristics of stable outflow, not easy to be blocked, long working life, etc. It is in direct contact with the root system of crops, realizing precise irrigation and reducing excess water loss in other parts.

6. Compared with other ground irrigation methods, the present invention has the advantages that the soil is not easy to compact, remains loose, has good air permeability, and is conducive to the respiration and growth of crop roots.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vertical root zone alternating water and fertilizer irrigation system.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a spherical irrigation device.

In the figure: 1-water storage tank, 2-fertilizer tank, 3-side pipe filter, 4-proportional fertilizer applicator, 5-fertilizer suction pipe, 6-boosting pump, 7-main pipe filter, 8-flow meter, 9-main line, 10-side pipe, 11-fertilizer tank water inlet ball valve, 12-main line ball valve, 13-fertilizer water inlet ball valve, 14-fertilizer water outlet ball valve, 15-surface branch pipe control ball valve, 16-underground branch pipe control ball valve, 17-surface branch pipe, 18-underground branch pipe, 19-spherical infiltrator, 20-conduit top thread, 21-infiltrator conduit, 22-convergence nozzle, 23-rubber ring, 24-conduit bottom thread, 25-sandy stable irrigation layer, 26-infiltration chamber, 27-infiltration hole.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

In addition, when an element in the present invention is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only embodiment.

Please refer to Figures 1-2. The present invention provides a vertical root zone alternating water-fertilizer irrigation system, including a water supply and fertilizer assembly and an irrigation assembly. The water supply and fertilizer assembly is connected to the irrigation assembly, and the irrigation assembly includes a surface irrigation module buried close to the surface and an underground irrigation module buried below the surface irrigation module and away from the surface. A surface control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the surface irrigation module is installed at the connection between the surface irrigation module and the water supply and fertilizer assembly, and an underground control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the underground irrigation module is installed at the connection between the underground irrigation module and the water supply and fertilizer assembly.

The water supply fertilizer assembly includes a water storage tank 1, a main pipeline 9, a side pipeline 10 and a fertilizer tank 2. The water inlet of the main pipeline 9 is connected to the water storage tank 1. A main pipeline ball valve 12, a booster pump 6, a main pipeline filter 7, and a flow meter 8 are installed in sequence on the main pipeline 9 along the water flow direction. A branch pipe is connected between the water storage tank 1 and the main pipeline ball valve 12. The end of the branch pipe is connected to the fertilizer tank 2, and a fertilizer tank water inlet ball valve 11 is installed on the branch pipe; a side pipeline 10 is provided between the main pipeline ball valve 12 and the booster pump 6. The side pipeline 10 is arranged in parallel with the main pipeline 9. A fertilizer water inlet ball valve 13, a side pipe filter 3, a proportional fertilizer applicator 4, and a fertilizer water outlet ball valve 14 are installed in sequence on the side pipeline 10 along the water flow direction. The proportional fertilizer applicator 4 is connected to the fertilizer tank 2 through a fertilizer suction pipe 5.

The surface irrigation module includes a surface branch pipe 17, and the underground irrigation module includes an underground branch pipe 18. The water inlets of the surface branch pipe 17 and the underground branch pipe 18 are both connected to the water outlet of the main pipe 9. A surface branch pipe control ball valve 15 is installed at a position of the surface branch pipe 17 close to the main pipe 9, and an underground branch pipe control ball valve 16 is installed at a position of the underground branch pipe 18 close to the main pipe 9.

The proportional fertilizer applicator 4 is a fertilization device driven by water power, which can evenly add fertilizer to water according to the set ratio; the side pipe filter 3 and the main pipe filter 7 can remove impurities from the water that may clog the irrigation system; the booster pump 6 provides power for the entire irrigation system, so that the water flow is directed from the water storage tank 1 to the infiltration irrigation system; the flow meter 8 is used to monitor the water volume.

The water storage tank 1, the main pipeline 9, the surface branch pipe 17, the underground branch pipe 18 and the spherical infiltrator 19 constitute the overall skeleton structure of the whole system. The proportional fertilizer applicator 4 is connected to the fertilizer tank 2 through the fertilizer suction pipe 5. The fertilizer tank 2 is connected to the water storage tank 1 through a branch pipe and is controlled by the fertilizer tank water inlet ball valve 11. In order to realize irrigation using this system, the main pipeline ball valve 12, the fertilizer water inlet ball valve 13, the fertilizer water outlet ball valve 14, the surface branch pipe control ball valve 15 or the underground branch pipe control ball valve 16 are opened in sequence, so that part of the water in the water storage tank 1 enters the main pipeline 9, and part of it enters the fertilizer tank 2 for fertilizer distribution. Part of the water flowing through the main pipe 9 enters the side pipe 10, passes through the fertilizer inlet ball valve 13, the side pipe filter 3, the proportional fertilizer applicator 4, and the fertilizer outlet ball valve 14, so that the fertilizer flows into the main pipe 9, and the water flows through the booster pump 6, the main pipe filter 7, and the flow meter 8 into the surface branch pipe 17 or the underground branch pipe 18, and then flows into the spherical irrigation device 19, and stably seeps into the soil of the root zone. By opening the surface branch pipe control ball valve 15 or the underground branch pipe control ball valve 16 in sequence according to the irrigation cycle, alternating irrigation of the surface and underground vertical root zones can be achieved, so that the crop root system is in a dry-wet cycle alternating state, which not only ensures the water and nutrients necessary for crop growth, but also enables the crop roots to produce ABA, reducing the water consumed by transpiration and improving the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency. Among them, the side pipe filter 3 and the main pipe filter 7 are both mesh filters.

The surface irrigation module and the underground irrigation module are both equipped with a plurality of spherical percolators 19 for irrigation. The spherical percolator 19 is a specific structure that can realize uniform irrigation of water and fertilizer in underground soil.

The spherical permeator 19 includes a connecting section and a permeating section. The connecting section is a hollow tubular structure. The connecting section connects the permeating section and the irrigation component. The permeating section is a hollow spherical structure with a plurality of permeating holes 27 formed on the spherical structure.

The connecting section is a hollow tube structure, which includes a permeator conduit 21, a confluence nozzle 22 and a downcomer. The permeator conduit 21, the confluence nozzle 22 and the downcomer are an integrally formed structure and are connected in sequence. The diameter of the permeator conduit 21 is larger than the diameter of the downcomer. A conduit top thread 20 is provided on the outside of the top of the permeator conduit 21, and a conduit bottom thread 24 is provided on the outside of the downcomer.

The infiltration section includes a hollow spherical infiltration chamber 26, the outer side of which is wrapped with a sandy stabilizing irrigation layer 25, a plurality of infiltration holes 27 are opened on the infiltration chamber 26, and the lower conduit is connected and communicated with the infiltration chamber 26 through the thread 24 at the bottom end of the conduit.

A rubber ring 23 is also installed between the connecting section and the permeation section to prevent liquid from leaking out.

The whole system innovatively realizes alternating water and fertilizer irrigation in the root zone in the vertical direction, which greatly improves the efficiency of water and fertilizer utilization. Among them, the spherical percolator 19 is a specific structure with the characteristics of stable outflow, not easy to be blocked, corrosion resistance, and long service life. The percolator conduit 21 is connected to the surface branch pipe 17 and the underground branch pipe 18 through the conduit top thread 20, and is connected to the percolation chamber 26 through the conduit bottom thread 24 and the rubber ring 23. There is a confluence nozzle 22 structure in the percolator conduit 21, with a top diameter of 1.2 cm, a bottom diameter of 0.5 cm, and a length of 0.4 cm. The percolator conduit 21, the confluence nozzle 22 and the lower conduit are an integrated structure to form a whole, and the percolation chamber 26 and the sandy stable irrigation layer 25 are a whole. The top section diameter of the irrigation conduit 21 is 1.2 cm, the diameter of the lower conduit is 0.5 cm, and the length is 1.0 cm; the outer diameter of the rubber ring 23 is 1.2 cm, the inner diameter is 0.55 cm, and the thickness is 0.15 cm; the infiltration chamber 26 is a spherical shell structure with a diameter of 1.2 cm and a shell thickness of 0.2 cm. There is an infiltration hole 27 with a diameter of 0.35 cm on the top, bottom, left, right, front, and back of the sphere center; the sandy stabilizing tank layer 25 has an outer diameter of 1.8 cm, an inner diameter of 1.2 cm, and a thickness of 0.6 cm. The infiltration conduit 21 and the infiltration chamber 26 are both made of PVC material, and the sandy stabilizing tank layer 25 is cemented with 0.35 mm medium sand, with a porosity of 35%. Specifically, the water flows into the irrigation device conduit 21 through the surface branch pipe 17 or the underground branch pipe 18, enters the irrigation chamber 26 through the confluence nozzle 22, enters the sandy stabilization irrigation layer 25 through the 6 irrigation holes 27 on the outer layer of the irrigation chamber, and evenly enters the soil through the pores in the sandy stabilization tank layer 25.

A vertical root zone alternating water-fertilizer irrigation system and an irrigation method, using the vertical root zone alternating water-fertilizer irrigation system for irrigation, the specific steps are as follows:

The first step is to set a crop irrigation plan according to the crop growth conditions, and number the irrigation times from the first, second to the Nth time;

In the second step, if N is an odd number, the surface control valve is opened and the underground control valve is closed to use the surface irrigation module for irrigation, then when N is an even number, the underground control valve is opened and the surface control valve is closed to use the underground irrigation module for irrigation; if N is an even number, the surface control valve is opened and the underground control valve is closed to use the surface irrigation module for irrigation, then when N is an odd number, the underground control valve is opened and the surface control valve is closed to use the underground irrigation module for irrigation.

The surface branch pipe 17 and the underground branch pipe 18 are respectively arranged at a certain section of the crop root system, and the specific depth is determined according to the length of the crop root system. For example, the surface branch pipe of tomatoes is arranged 10 cm below the surface, and the underground branch pipe is arranged 40 cm below the surface.

The quantitative index of the best time to use the irrigation system of the present invention is: when the average water content of the crop soil profile is less than 60% of the field water holding capacity, the system can be started for irrigation. Each time irrigation is performed, only one of the branches is opened for irrigation to complete the root irrigation at one depth of the crop. According to the irrigation cycle, the other branch is opened to irrigate the root system of the crop at another depth, so that the crop root system is in a dry-wet cycle alternating state. This irrigation method can achieve that only half of the root area is irrigated each time, and the other half of the root system is in a drought stress state. The root produces abscisic acid signal, which is transmitted to the leaves to reduce the water loss due to transpiration.

The spherical irrigation device 19 can control the infiltration volume by adjusting the pressure of the booster pump, and the specific regulation is based on different crops, different textures, and rainfall.

Taking tomato irrigation as an example, the surface branch pipe is arranged 10cm below the surface, and the underground branch pipe is arranged 40cm below the surface. The optimal irrigation plan (irrigation amount, fertilizer amount, irrigation frequency, alternating frequency) is as follows:

Flowering period: single irrigation amount (2000L/mu); single fertilizer amount (urea: 0.47kg/mu; diammonium phosphate: 0.27kg/mu; potassium sulfate: 0.78kg/mu); irrigation frequency (5 days); alternating frequency (surface irrigation once, bottom irrigation once in sequence).

Flowering and fruiting period: single irrigation amount (2500L/mu); single fertilizer amount (urea: 1.163kg/mu; diammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.68kg/mu; potassium sulfate: 0.14kg/mu); irrigation frequency (4 days); alternating frequency (surface irrigation once, bottom irrigation once in sequence).

In the early stage of fruit enlargement: single irrigation amount (3000L/mu); single fertilizer amount (urea: 1.34kg/mu; diammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.82kg/mu; potassium sulfate: 0.16kg/mu); irrigation frequency (5 days); alternating frequency (surface irrigation once, bottom irrigation once in sequence).

In the middle stage of fruit expansion: single irrigation volume (2500L/mu); single fertilizer amount (urea: 1.34kg/mu; diammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.82kg/mu; potassium sulfate: 0.16kg/mu); irrigation frequency (5 days); alternating frequency (surface irrigation once, bottom irrigation once in sequence).

Compared with traditional ground irrigation, it can effectively save 43% of water during the whole growth period, improve water utilization efficiency by 32%, and improve fertilizer utilization efficiency by 19.5%. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention for local tomato irrigation. Professionals familiar with this technology can make changes according to actual needs and planting environment under the guidance of the present invention after understanding the present invention.

The main advantage of the controlled vertical alternating irrigation in the present invention is that it can achieve the purpose of efficient water saving while ensuring that the crop yield is basically stable and unchanged, and at the same time it can improve the quality of crops and improve the soil environment. By performing vertical dry-wet cycle alternation on the plant root system, the crops can produce self-regulation, the hydrotropism of the crop root system growth and the compensatory growth of the plant promote the development of the crop root system length and root density, which is beneficial to the absorption of soil nutrients by crops and has a positive effect on arid environments. Since this invention adopts alternating irrigation in the vertical direction, it effectively reduces soil surface evaporation and avoids excess water leakage in conventional ground irrigation, thereby reducing field water consumption and improving water and fertilizer utilization efficiency. By alternating dry-wet cycles in the vertical direction, the crops produce root signal ABA, which closes the stomata to reduce the transpiration of the crops. When the crop leaves receive the root signal, the stomata shrink or even close, reducing evaporation. Since the reduction in transpiration rate is much greater than the reduction in photosynthetic rate, unnecessary transpiration of the crops is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the water consumption of the crops. It is beneficial to alleviate soil salinization. Vertical root zone alternating irrigation is used to irrigate part of the field soil, so that the local soil remains moist and the local soil remains dry, reducing the evaporation of the soil surface, and greatly limiting the accumulation of soil salt and salt return caused by evaporation. The design of the spherical irrigator has the characteristics of stable outflow, not easy to be blocked, and long working life. It is in direct contact with the root system of crops, realizing precise irrigation and reducing the loss of excess water in other parts. Compared with other ground irrigation methods, the present invention has the advantages that the soil is not easy to compact, remains loose, has good air permeability, and is conducive to the respiration and growth of crop roots.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (2)

1. A vertical root zone alternating water and fertilizer irrigation system, comprising a water supply and fertilizer component and an irrigation component, wherein the water supply and fertilizer component is connected to the irrigation component, characterized in that: The irrigation assembly includes a surface irrigation module buried near the surface and an underground irrigation module buried below the surface irrigation module and away from the surface. A surface control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the surface irrigation module is installed at the connection between the surface irrigation module and the water supply and fertilizer assembly. An underground control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the underground irrigation module is installed at the connection between the underground irrigation module and the water supply and fertilizer assembly. The surface irrigation module and the underground irrigation module are both equipped with a plurality of spherical permeators (19) for irrigation; The spherical permeator (19) comprises a connecting section and a permeation section, the connecting section being a hollow tubular structure, the connecting section connecting the permeation section and the irrigation assembly, the permeation section being a hollow spherical structure, and a plurality of permeation holes (27) being opened on the spherical structure; The connecting section comprises a permeator conduit (21), a confluence nozzle (22) and a downcomer conduit, wherein the permeator conduit (21), the confluence nozzle (22) and the downcomer conduit are an integrally formed structure and the permeator conduit (21), the confluence nozzle (22) and the downcomer conduit are sequentially connected, the diameter of the permeator conduit (21) is larger than the diameter of the downcomer conduit, a conduit top end thread (20) is provided on the outside of the top of the permeator conduit (21), and a conduit bottom end thread (24) is provided on the outside of the downcomer conduit; The infiltration section comprises a hollow spherical infiltration chamber (26), the outer side of the infiltration chamber (26) is wrapped with a sandy stabilizing irrigation layer (25), a plurality of infiltration irrigation holes (27) are opened on the infiltration chamber (26), and the lower conduit is connected and communicated with the infiltration chamber (26) through a thread (24) at the bottom end of the conduit; The water-fertilizer assembly comprises a water storage tank (1), a main pipeline (9), a side pipeline (10) and a fertilizer tank (2); the water inlet of the main pipeline (9) is connected to the water storage tank (1); a main pipeline ball valve (12), a booster pump (6), a main pipeline filter (7) and a flow meter (8) are sequentially installed on the main pipeline (9) along the water flow direction; a branch pipe is connected between the water storage tank (1) and the main pipeline ball valve (12); the end of the branch pipe is connected to the fertilizer tank (2); A fertilizer tank water inlet ball valve (11) is installed; a side pipeline (10) is provided between the main pipeline ball valve (12) and the booster pump (6); the side pipeline (10) is arranged in parallel with the main pipeline (9); a fertilizer water inlet ball valve (13), a side pipe filter (3), a proportional fertilizer applicator (4), and a fertilizer water outlet ball valve (14) are installed in sequence on the side pipeline (10) along the water flow direction; the proportional fertilizer applicator (4) is connected to the fertilizer tank (2) through a fertilizer suction pipe (5); The surface irrigation module comprises a surface branch pipe (17), and the underground irrigation module comprises an underground branch pipe (18). The water inlets of the surface branch pipe (17) and the underground branch pipe (18) are both connected to the water outlet of the main pipe (9). A surface branch pipe control ball valve (15) is installed at a position of the surface branch pipe (17) close to the main pipe (9), and an underground branch pipe control ball valve (16) is installed at a position of the underground branch pipe (18) close to the main pipe (9). 2. The vertical root zone alternating water and fertilizer irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that a rubber ring (23) is installed between the connecting section and the infiltration section to prevent liquid leakage.