CN115367878A - Nitrification and denitrification biological filter system of a sewage plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a nitrification and denitrification biological filter tank for a sewage plant, which comprises a filter tank, wherein a water distribution layer is arranged below the filter tank, a distributor is arranged above the water distribution layer, a supporting plate is arranged above the distributor, a nitrification filter material layer is arranged on the supporting plate, an aeration layer is arranged above the nitrification filter material layer, a filter layer is arranged above the aeration layer, a denitrification filter material layer is arranged above the filter layer, a clear water layer is arranged above the denitrification filter material layer, a sewage inlet pipe is connected to the right side of the water distribution layer, a carbon source inlet pipe is arranged on the left side of the water distribution layer, a backwashing air inlet pipe is arranged below the carbon source inlet pipe, a backwashing water inlet pipe is arranged below the sewage inlet pipe, and a water outlet pipe is arranged on the right side of the clear water layer of the filter tank. The invention has the advantages that: can clear up the impurity in the filter tank, improve sewage treatment efficiency, effectively get rid of suspended solid in the sewage, nitrify the filter material layer and arrange same filtering pond in with the denitrification filter material layer, reduce equipment area.

Description

Nitrification and denitrification biological filter system of a sewage plant

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a nitrification and denitrification biological filter system of a sewage plant.

Background technique

The increasing material and cultural needs of human beings and the rapid development of industry have led to an increase in the discharge of pollutants and the deterioration of the ecological environment of water bodies. To improve the quality of water environment, denitrification treatment of sewage is essential. Nitrogen in sewage is one of the main factors causing eutrophication in water bodies. Biological denitrification is an effective method to remove nitrogen in sewage. Traditional biofilters usually use a liquid carbon source that is costly and difficult to control as a reaction. The additional carbon source required by the nitrification filter is likely to cause waste of resources, resulting in high operating costs, and usually the nitrification and denitrification processes are set up in two different biological filters, and this treatment method has high energy consumption. , high operating costs, large equipment footprint and low denitrification rate.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve the above technical problems, and provides a nitrification and denitrification biological filter system in a sewage plant.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a nitrification and denitrification biological filter system in a sewage plant, including a filter tank, a water distribution layer is provided under the inside of the filter tank, and a distributor is provided above the water distribution layer , a support plate is provided above the distributor, a nitrification filter material layer is provided on the support plate, an aeration layer is provided above the nitrification filter material layer, and a filter layer is provided above the aeration layer, so A denitrification filter material layer is provided above the filter layer, a clear water layer is provided above the denitrification filter material layer, a sewage inlet pipe is connected to the right side of the water distribution layer, and a carbon source water inlet pipe is provided on the left side of the water distribution layer , a backwash inlet pipe is provided under the carbon source water inlet pipe, a backwash water inlet pipe is arranged under the sewage water inlet pipe, and a water outlet pipe is arranged on the right side of the clear water layer of the filter tank.

As an improvement, the backwash inlet pipe and the backwash water inlet pipe are both arranged on the outer wall of the filter and communicated with the water distribution layer, the backwash inlet pipe, the backwash water inlet pipe, the carbon source water inlet pipe, the sewage inlet pipe Both the water pipe and the water outlet pipe are provided with control valves.

As an improvement, pebbles are provided on the supporting plate, biological ceramsite is provided on the filter layer, and biological filter materials are both provided in the denitrification filter material layer and the nitrification filter material layer.

As an improvement, a stirring shaft is provided inside the denitrification filter material layer, and a stirring blade is provided on the stirring shaft. The left end of the stirring shaft passes through the outside of the filter tank and is connected to a motor, and a first support is provided below the motor. rod, and the right end of the first support rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the filter tank.

As an improvement, an aeration tube is provided in the aeration layer, the aeration tube is located below the aeration layer and is provided with a plurality of perforations, the right end of the aeration tube passes through the outer wall of the filter tank and A blower is provided for connection, and a second support rod is provided below the blower.

As an improvement, the carbon source in the carbon source water inlet pipe is corncob soaking liquid.

As an improvement, the distributor is a three-cavity distributor with a rectangular cross-section and three triangular structures. The side and bottom of the distributor are provided with maintenance support plates, and the top and the other two sides of the distributor are respectively provided with There are perforated roof and perforated ribs.

The advantage of the present invention compared with prior art is:

1. The carbon source in the carbon source water inlet pipe is corncob soaking liquid, which is used as an additional carbon source for the denitrification biological filter, which greatly reduces the cost of the additional carbon source for the denitrification filter, and provides more energy for the denitrification reaction. Effective conditions can more effectively remove total nitrogen and suspended solids in the tail water of sewage treatment plants;

2. The backwash inlet pipe and the backwash water inlet pipe are set up so that the large particles intercepted by the pebbles on the support plate, the suspended matter of biological ceramsite and the aging biofilm on the filter layer are discharged from the outlet pipe of the clear water layer Filter to ensure the continuous operation of the filter;

3. The stirring shaft, the stirring blade and the outer wall motor are set up in the denitrification filter material layer, and the motor drives the stirring shaft and the stirring blade to rotate, so that the sewage and the biological filter material are fully contacted, the denitrification speed of the sewage is improved, and the efficiency is improved;

4. A plurality of holes are arranged above the nitrification filter material layer. The aeration layer, aeration pipe, perforation and blower are set up. The aeration pipe transmits oxygen into the aeration layer through the blower, and the aeration layer and the aeration layer The perforation below the trachea is transported to the nitrification filter layer to provide oxygen for the nitrification filter layer to speed up the nitrification of sewage and improve the efficiency;

5. The nitrification filter material layer and the denitrification filter material layer are placed in the same filter tank to realize the functions of nitrification and denitrification, which can effectively reduce the floor area of the equipment and reduce the corresponding construction cost;

6. The distributor is a three-chamber distributor, through secondary distribution, the uniformity of water distribution is realized, and compared with the traditional long handle filter head, the probability of clogging is reduced.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a nitrification and denitrification biological filter system of a sewage plant according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a distributor of a nitrification and denitrification biological filter system of a sewage plant according to the present invention.

As shown in the figure: 1. Filter, 2. Water distribution layer, 3. Nitrification filter layer, 4. Aeration layer, 5. Filter layer, 6. Denitrification filter layer, 7. Blower, 8. Clear water layer, 9. Sewage inlet pipe, 10. Carbon source inlet pipe, 11. Distributor, 12. Backwash inlet pipe, 13. Backwash inlet pipe, 14. Outlet pipe, 15. Control valve, 16. Support plate, 17. Stirring shaft, 18, motor, 19, first support rod, 20, aeration pipe, 21, perforation, 22, second support rod, 23, cobblestone, 24, biological ceramsite, 25, stirring blade, 26, maintenance support Plate, 27, porous top plate, 28, porous rib plate.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", " The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, so as to Specific orientation configurations and operations, therefore, are not to be construed as limitations on the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; for Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

A nitrification and denitrification biological filter system in a sewage plant, comprising a filter 1, the filter 1 is rectangular, a water distribution layer 2 is provided below the inside of the filter 1, and a distributor 11 is provided above the water distribution layer 2, The distributor 11 is a three-cavity distributor with a rectangular cross-section and three triangular structures. The side and bottom of the distributor 11 are provided with maintenance support plates 26. The top and the other two sides of the distributor 11 are respectively It is provided with a porous top plate 27 and a porous rib plate 28. The aperture size of the porous top plate 27 and the porous rib plate 28 can be adjusted according to different sewage conditions. The three-cavity distributor realizes the uniformity of water distribution through secondary distribution, which is different from the traditional one. Compared with the long handle filter head, the probability of clogging is reduced.

A support plate 16 is provided above the distributor 11, a nitrification filter material layer 3 is provided above the support plate 16, pebbles 23 are provided on the support plate 16, and a nitrification filter material layer 3 is provided with Biological filter material, the distributor 11 distributes the water evenly in the filter tank 1, the water flow is supported by the support plate 16, the larger impurities in the sewage are filtered through the pebbles 23, and the filtered water flows into the nitrification filter material layer 3 The nitrification filter material layer 3 is provided with a biological filter material as an aerobic biological carrier, and aerobic bacteria grow outside to provide conditions for nitrification.

The top of the nitrification filter layer 3 is provided with a plurality of holes, the top of the nitrification filter layer 3 is provided with an aeration layer 4, and the aeration layer 4 is provided with an aeration tube 20, and the aeration tube 20 is located at The bottom of the aeration layer 4 and the bottom of the aeration layer 4 are provided with a plurality of perforations 21, the right end of the aeration pipe 20 passes through the outer wall of the filter tank 1 and is connected with a blower 7, and a second support is provided below the blower 7 The rod 22 and the aeration pipe 20 transmit oxygen to the aeration layer 4 through the blower 7, and transport it to the nitrification filter layer 3 through the perforation 21 below the aeration layer 4 and the aeration pipe 20, providing oxygen for the nitrification filter layer 3 , to carry out biological oxidation treatment to improve efficiency.

The top of the aeration layer 4 is provided with a filter layer 5, and the filter layer 5 is provided with a biological ceramsite 24, and the filter layer 5 performs secondary filtration on the sewage, and the biological ceramsite 24 can filter out suspended matter, so that the sewage suspended matter The concentration is reduced to ensure the clarification of water.

The top of the filter layer 5 is provided with a denitrification filter material layer 6, and the denitrification filter material layer 6 is provided with a biological filter material, and the inside of the denitrification filter material layer 6 is provided with a stirring shaft 17, and the stirring shaft 17 A stirring blade 25 is arranged on it, and the left end of the stirring shaft 17 passes through the outside of the filter tank 1 and is connected with a motor 18. A first support rod 19 is arranged below the motor 18, and the right end of the first support rod 19 is fixedly connected to the filter. On the outer wall of the pool 1, anaerobic bacteria grow inside the biological filter material, which can denitrify by denitrification, and the motor 18 drives the stirring shaft 17 to rotate the stirring blade 25, so that the sewage can fully contact with the biological filter material, and the reaction rate of the sewage is improved. Nitrification speed, improve efficiency.

The top of the denitrification filter material layer 6 is provided with a clear water layer 8, and the filter tank 1 is provided with an outlet pipe 14 on the right side of the clear water layer 8, and the clear water layer 8 is used for sewage after the nitrification and denitrification process is completed. In the clear water layer 8, it is discharged outside the filter tank 1 through the outlet pipe 14.

The right side of the water distribution layer 2 is connected with a sewage inlet pipe 9 for the inlet of the sewage into the filter, and the left side of the water distribution layer 2 is provided with a carbon source water inlet pipe 10 for the inlet of the carbon source. The bottom of the carbon source inlet pipe 10 is provided with a backwash inlet pipe 12, and the bottom of the sewage inlet pipe 9 is provided with a backwash inlet pipe 13, and the backwash inlet pipe 12 and the backwash inlet pipe 13 are all located in the filter tank The outer wall of 1 is connected with the water distribution layer 2, and the backwash inlet pipe (2, the backwash water inlet pipe 13, the carbon source water inlet pipe 10, the sewage water inlet pipe 9 and the water outlet pipe 14 are all provided with control valves 15, using The backwash air intake pipe 12 and the backwash water inlet pipe 13 are backwashed according to the design flushing intensity, time, and method, so that the large particle impurities trapped by the pebbles 23 on the supporting plate 16 and the biological ceramsite 24 on the filter layer 5 The adsorbed suspended solids and aging biofilm are backwashed from bottom to top and discharged out of the filter tank 1 to ensure the continuous operation of the filter tank 1. The setting of the control valve 15 is convenient for controlling the discharge of water and gas.

The left side of the water distribution layer 2 is provided with a carbon source water inlet pipe 10, and the carbon source in the carbon source water inlet pipe 10 is a corncob soaking solution, which is used as a carbon source, which reduces the cost of purchasing a carbon source and promotes The resource utilization of agricultural waste has certain use value.

The working principle of the present invention: open the sewage water inlet pipe 9 and the carbon source water inlet pipe 10 connected to the sewage plant sewage, open the water outlet pipe 2 so that the filter tank 1 can run normally, at this time the carbon source and sewage enter the water distribution layer 2 together for mixing , and then enter the distributor 11 to distribute the water evenly in the filter tank 1, the water surface will rise naturally through the gradual increase of the water intake, and after some large-sized impurities are intercepted by the pebbles 23 on the support plate 16, continue Flow into the nitrification filter material layer 3, the biological filter material in the nitrification filter material layer 3 grows aerobic bacteria outside, the aeration pipe 20 transmits oxygen to the aeration layer 4 through the blower 7, passes through the aeration layer 4 and the aeration pipe The perforation 21 below 20 is transported to the nitrification filter material layer 3 to provide good oxygen for the nitrification filter material layer 3 to carry out biological oxidation treatment, and nitrification reaction occurs. Remove the suspended matter, reduce the concentration of suspended matter in the sewage, and then flow into the denitrification filter material layer 6, anaerobic bacteria grow inside the biological filter material, and the motor 18 drives the stirring shaft 17 to rotate the stirring blade 25, so that the sewage and the biological filter material are fully The contact improves the denitrification speed of the sewage, produces denitrification, and thus achieves the purpose of denitrification. The treated sewage flows into the clear water layer 8, and the control valve 15 is opened to discharge out of the filter tank 1 through the outlet pipe 14 to complete oxidation and denitrification. Nitrogen and removal of suspended solids. After the sewage treatment, backwash the filter 1, close the carbon source inlet pipe 10 and the sewage inlet pipe 9, open the backwash inlet pipe 12 and the backwash inlet pipe 13, and wash according to the design intensity , time, and method for backwashing, so that the large particles of impurities retained by the pebbles 23 on the supporting plate 16 and the adsorbed suspended matter and aging biofilm on the biological ceramsite 24 on the filter layer 5 are backwashed from bottom to top, The outlet pipe 14 on the clear water layer 8 is discharged out of the filter tank 1, which ensures the continuous operation of the filter tank 1.

The present invention and its implementations have been described above, and this description is not limiting. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the implementations of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. All in all, if a person of ordinary skill in the art is inspired by it, and without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, without creatively designing a structure and an embodiment similar to the technical solution, it shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a sewage plant nitrifies denitrification biological filter system, includes filtering pond (1), its characterized in that: a water distribution layer (2) is arranged below the interior of the filter tank (1), a distributor (11) is arranged above the water distribution layer (2), a bearing plate (16) is arranged above the distributor (11), a nitrification filter material layer (3) is arranged above the bearing plate (16), an aeration layer (4) is arranged above the nitrification filter material layer (3), a filter layer (5) is arranged above the aeration layer (4), a denitrification filter material layer (6) is arranged above the filter layer (5), and a clear water layer (8) is arranged above the denitrification filter material layer (6);

the water distribution layer (2) right side is connected and is equipped with sewage inlet tube (9), water distribution layer (2) left side is equipped with carbon source inlet tube (10), carbon source inlet tube (10) below is equipped with back flush intake pipe (12), sewage inlet tube (9) below is equipped with back flush inlet tube (13), filtering pond (1) in clear water layer (8) right side is equipped with outlet pipe (14).

2. The nitrification and denitrification biofilter system for sewage plants according to claim 1, wherein: the backwashing air inlet pipe (12) and the backwashing water inlet pipe (13) are arranged on the outer wall of the filter tank (1) and communicated with the water distribution layer (2), and control valves (15) are arranged on the backwashing air inlet pipe (12), the backwashing water inlet pipe (13), the carbon source water inlet pipe (10), the sewage water inlet pipe (9) and the water outlet pipe (14).

3. The nitrification and denitrification biofilter system for sewage plants according to claim 1, wherein: cobblestones (23) are arranged on the bearing plate (16), biological ceramsite (24) is arranged on the filter layer (5), and biological filter materials are arranged in the denitrification filter material layer (6) and the nitrification filter material layer (3).

4. The nitrification and denitrification biofilter system for sewage plants according to claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a filter tank, including denitrification precoat (6), be equipped with (mixing) shaft (17) inside denitrification precoat (6), be equipped with stirring leaf (25) on (mixing) shaft (17), (mixing) shaft (17) left end passes filtering pond (1) outside and is connected and be equipped with motor (18), motor (18) below is equipped with first bracing piece (19), first bracing piece (19) right-hand member fixed connection is on filtering pond (1) outer wall.

5. The nitrification and denitrification biofilter system for sewage plants according to claim 1, wherein: nitrify precoat (3) top and be equipped with a plurality of holes, be equipped with aeration pipe (20) in aeration layer (4), aeration pipe (20) are located aeration layer (4) below department and all are equipped with a plurality of perforation (21) with aeration layer (4) below, aeration pipe (20) right-hand member passes the outer wall in filtering pond (1) and connects and is equipped with air-blower (7), air-blower (7) below is equipped with second bracing piece (22).

6. The nitrification and denitrification biofilter system for sewage plants according to claim 1, wherein: the carbon source in the carbon source water inlet pipe (10) is a corn cob soaking solution.

7. The nitrification and denitrification biofilter system for sewage plants according to claim 1, wherein: the distributor (11) is a three-cavity distributor with a rectangular cross section and 3 triangular structures, maintenance supporting plates (26) are arranged on the side faces and the bottom of the distributor (11), and a porous top plate (27) and a porous rib plate (28) are respectively arranged on the top and the other two sides of the distributor (11).

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