CN115319171A

CN115319171A - Full-automatic tool changing device of milling machine

Info

Publication number: CN115319171A
Application number: CN202210879387.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈玮; 房金谱
Original assignee: Xian Technological University
Current assignee: Xian Technological University
Priority date: 2022-07-25
Filing date: 2022-07-25
Publication date: 2022-11-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-automatic tool changer of a milling machine, which relates to the technical field of milling machines, and comprises a milling cutter replacing mechanism, a tool changing mechanism and a tool changing mechanism, wherein the milling cutter replacing mechanism is used for installing and disassembling a milling cutter; the turning tool replacing mechanism is used for mounting and dismounting the turning tool; the milling cutter replacing mechanism comprises a tightening and loosening assembly used for loosening and tightening a locking nut; the clamping assembly is used for clamping the milling cutter; and the opening and closing assembly is used for opening and tightening the clamping assembly. According to the milling cutter, the locking nut on the milling cutter seat can be firstly screwed, so that the operation of loosening and tightening the locking nut is realized, the operation of inserting the milling cutter into the milling cutter seat or removing the milling cutter from the milling cutter seat is further realized, the first rack is replaced through the first motor, the second rack is meshed with the first gear, the operation is convenient and fast, the replacement operation is rapid, and the practicability is good.

Description

Full-automatic tool changing device of milling machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of milling and turning machines, in particular to a full-automatic tool changing device of a milling and turning machine.

Background

Turning and milling are advanced cutting processing methods which utilize the combined motion of milling cutter rotation and workpiece rotation to realize the cutting processing of workpieces and enable the workpieces to meet the use requirements in various aspects such as shape precision, position precision and processed surface integrity. Turning and milling combined machining is not a method for combining turning and milling into a machine tool, but utilizes turning and milling combined motion to finish machining of various surfaces, and is a new cutting theory and cutting technology generated under the condition that the current numerical control technology is greatly developed.

Turning and milling integrative bed is provided with a plurality of milling cutters and a plurality of lathe tools above, uses after the certain time, needs to change lathe tool and milling cutter, and current lathe and milling machine tool changing operation are gone on through the manual work, lack corresponding automatic tool changer, complex operation, tool changing inefficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a full-automatic tool changer for a milling machine, which solves the problems that the corresponding automatic tool changer for the milling machine is lacked, the manual tool changing operation is complicated and the tool changing efficiency is low.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a turning and milling machine full-automatic tool changer is applied to a turning and milling all-in-one machine tool, the turning and milling all-in-one machine tool is provided with a support frame, a rotary tool rest, a milling tool seat, a milling tool, a locking nut, a turning tool seat, a turning tool, a fastening screw and a bottom rail, and the automatic tool changer comprises a milling tool replacing mechanism and is used for mounting and dismounting the milling tool; the turning tool replacing mechanism is used for mounting and dismounting the turning tool; the milling cutter replacing mechanism comprises a tightening and loosening assembly used for loosening and tightening a locking nut; the clamping assembly is used for clamping the milling cutter; the opening and closing assembly is used for opening and tightening the clamping assembly; the elasticity subassembly is including supporting plate and first electric jar, support plate slidable mounting is on the bottom rail, first electric jar is installed on supporting plate, first electric jar output is connected with the connecting plate, slidable mounting has outer fixed ring on the backup pad spare, first electric jar output passes through the connecting plate and is connected with outer fixed ring, outer fixed ring internal rotation is installed and is turned round the cover with lock nut matched with, outer fixed ring is last to be connected with the connecting piece, it installs first gear to rotate on the connecting piece, it installs the pivot to rotate on the connecting plate, coaxial connection has the second gear with first gear engagement in the pivot, coaxial connection has first bevel gear in the pivot, turn round to sheathe in coaxial connection have with the second bevel gear with first bevel gear engagement, support plate slidable mounting respectively has first rack in first gear both sides, the second rack, first rack, the second rack all cooperatees with first gear, install first motor on the support plate, first motor output shaft has the wane, the wane both ends respectively with first rack, the second rack is articulated.

Further, the centre gripping subassembly includes holder and first spring, and the equal slidable mounting in connecting piece both sides has the holder, overlaps on the holder to be equipped with the first spring that makes it reset.

Further, the open-close assembly includes connecting rod spare, and the holder of both sides all is connected with connecting rod spare, and connecting rod spare tip is provided with the sloping block, supports the equal slidable mounting sliding block in plate both sides, is provided with the second spring that acts on the sliding block on the support plate, and slidable mounting has the butt post on the sliding block, is provided with the third spring between butt post and the sliding block, seted up on the butt post with sloping block matched with draw-in groove, be connected with first sloping block on the butt post, be provided with the second sloping block that promotes the motion of first sloping block on the support plate.

Further, lathe tool change mechanism includes the sliding plate and advances the plate, sliding plate slidable mounting advances on the rail, it installs on the sliding plate to advance the plate slidable mounting, it is provided with the second electric jar on the plate to advance, the second electricity jar output is connected with the lathe tool layer board, it all rotates to advance the plate both sides and installs the rotation post, it has the column of twisting with fastening screw complex to rotate slidable mounting on the post, it is equipped with the fourth spring that acts on the column of twisting to rotate to overlap on the rotation post, it sets up with fastening screw grafting position fillet to twist the post, it has first stopper to rotate end connection, it all rotates and installs the drive wheel to advance the plate both sides, two drive wheels respectively with two rotation post coaxial settings, be provided with the second stopper with first stopper complex in the drive wheel, two drive wheels pass through the conveyer belt and realize the linkage, it installs the second motor on the plate to advance, the second motor output passes through the pulley group and realizes the linkage with one of them drive wheel.

Furthermore, a third motor is installed on the advancing plate, an output shaft of the third motor is coaxially connected with a third gear, and a third rack meshed with the third gear is arranged on the sliding plate.

The invention has the beneficial effects of.

(1) According to the milling cutter replacing mechanism, the locking nut on the milling cutter seat can be firstly screwed through the arranged milling cutter replacing mechanism, so that the loosening and tightening operations of the locking nut are realized, the operation of inserting the milling cutter into the milling cutter seat or removing the milling cutter from the milling cutter seat is further realized, the first rack and the second rack are replaced through the first motor and meshed with the first gear, the operation is convenient and fast, the replacing operation is rapid, and the practicability is good.

(2) According to the milling cutter replacing device, the milling cutter can be stably clamped through the clamping assembly and the opening and closing assembly, so that the milling cutter is inserted in a manner of aligning to the milling cutter seat and can work in cooperation with the elastic assembly, and full-automatic and integrated milling cutter replacing operation is realized.

(3) According to the invention, the turning tool replacing mechanism is arranged, so that the fastening screw for fixing the turning tool can be synchronously screwed, and the efficient turning tool replacing operation is further realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the milling cutter seat of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the milling cutter changing mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the torsion sleeve of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the position of the connector of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the position of the rotating shaft according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic position diagram of the first rack and the second rack according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the position of the seesaw of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a clamping assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of fig. 9 at a.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a turning tool changing mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the position of the drive wheel of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a first stopper according to the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1. a milling cutter replacing mechanism; 2. a take-up assembly; 21. a support plate; 22. a first electric cylinder; 23. a connecting plate; 24. an outer fixing ring; 25. a torsion sleeve; 26. a connecting member; 27. a first gear; 28. a rotating shaft; 29. a second gear; 210. a first bevel gear; 211. a second bevel gear; 212. a first rack; 213. a second rack; 214. a first motor; 215. a seesaw; 3. a clamping assembly; 31. a clamping member; 32. a first spring; 4. an opening and closing assembly; 41. a link member; 42. a fixture block is inclined; 43. a slider; 44. a second spring; 45. butting columns; 46. a third spring; 47. a card slot; 48. a first swash block; 49. a second swash block; 5. a turning tool replacing mechanism; 51. a sliding plate; 52. an advancing plate; 53. a second electric cylinder; 55. a turning tool supporting plate; 56. rotating the column; 57. screwing the column; 58. a fourth spring; 59. a first stopper; 510. a drive wheel; 511. a second limiting block; 512. a conveyor belt; 513. a second motor; 514. a pulley group; 6. a support frame; 7. rotating the tool rest; 8. a milling cutter seat; 9. a milling cutter; 10. locking the nut; 11. turning a tool apron; 12. turning a tool; 13. a fastening screw; 14. a bottom rail; 15. a third motor; 16. a third gear; 17. and a third rack.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the full-automatic tool changer of the turning and milling machine provided by the embodiment is applied to a turning and milling all-in-one machine tool, and the turning and milling all-in-one machine tool is provided with a support frame 6, a rotary tool rest 7, a milling tool holder 8, a milling tool 9, a locking nut 10, a turning tool holder 11, a turning tool 12, a fastening screw 13 and a bottom rail 14, wherein the locking nut 10 is in threaded connection with the milling tool holder 8, when the locking nut 10 rotates, the locking nut acts on the milling tool holder 8, an inner inclined plane structure is arranged in the milling tool holder 8, when the locking nut 10 is rotated, opening and tightening operations of an interface position are realized, the milling tool holder 8 is a prior art for fixing the milling tool 9, and the automatic tool changer comprises a replacing mechanism 1 for installing and detaching the milling tool 9; and a turning tool replacing mechanism 5 for mounting and dismounting the turning tool 12.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, the milling cutter changing mechanism 1 includes a tightening unit 2 for loosening and tightening operations of a lock nut 10; the clamping assembly 3 is used for clamping the milling cutter 9; the opening and closing assembly 4 is used for opening and tightening the clamping assembly 3; the elastic component 2 comprises a supporting plate 21 and a first electric cylinder 22, the supporting plate 21 is slidably mounted on a bottom rail 14, the bottom rail 14 can move in multiple directions on a machine tool, the supporting plate 21 can move back and forth and left and right on the machine tool through the bottom rail 14, the first electric cylinder 22 is mounted on the supporting plate 21, the output end of the first electric cylinder 22 is connected with a connecting plate 23, an outer fixing ring 24 is slidably mounted on the supporting plate 21, the output end of the first electric cylinder 22 is connected with the outer fixing ring 24 through the connecting plate 23, a torsion sleeve 25 matched with a locking nut 10 is rotatably mounted in the outer fixing ring 24, a connecting piece 26 is connected to the outer fixing ring 24, a first gear 27 is rotatably mounted on the connecting piece 26, a rotating shaft 28 is rotatably mounted on the connecting plate 23, a second gear 29 meshed with the first gear 27 is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft 28, a first bevel gear 210 is coaxially connected to the rotating sleeve 25, a second bevel gear 211 meshed with the first bevel gear 210 is coaxially connected to the torsion sleeve 25, first rack 212 and a second rack 213 are respectively slidably mounted on two sides of the supporting plate 21, two ends of the first gear 27 are respectively connected with a first rocker motor 213, and two ends of a first rocker 213 are respectively hinged to the first rocker plate 214.

As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 9, the clamping assembly 3 includes a clamping member 31 and a first spring 32, the clamping member 31 is slidably mounted on both sides of the connecting member 26, and the first spring 32 for resetting the clamping member 31 is sleeved on the clamping member 31.

As shown in fig. 1, 3, 9, and 10, the opening and closing assembly 4 includes a connecting rod 41, the clamping members 31 on both sides are connected to the connecting rod 41, an oblique block 42 is disposed at an end of the connecting rod 41, sliding blocks 43 are slidably mounted on both sides of the supporting plate 21, a second spring 44 acting on the sliding blocks 43 is disposed on the supporting plate 21, a docking post 45 is slidably mounted on the sliding blocks 43, a third spring 46 is disposed between the docking post 45 and the sliding blocks 43, a slot 47 matched with the oblique block 42 is disposed on the docking post 45, a first oblique block 48 is connected to the docking post 45, and a second oblique block 49 for pushing the first oblique block 48 to move is disposed on the supporting plate 21.

As shown in fig. 1, 11, 12, and 13, the turning tool replacing mechanism 5 includes a sliding plate 51 and an advancing plate 52, the sliding plate 51 is slidably mounted on the bottom rail 14, the advancing plate 52 is slidably mounted on the sliding plate 51, a second electric cylinder 53 is disposed on the advancing plate 52, an output end of the second electric cylinder 53 is connected to a turning tool supporting plate 55, two sides of the advancing plate 52 are rotatably mounted with a rotating column 56, a screwing column 57 matched with the fastening screw 13 is slidably mounted on the rotating column 56, a fourth spring 58 acting on the screwing column 57 is sleeved on the rotating column 56, a splicing position of the screwing column 57 and the fastening screw 13 is rounded, an end of the rotating column 56 is connected to a first limiting block 59, two sides of the advancing plate 52 are rotatably mounted with driving wheels 510, the two driving wheels 510 are respectively coaxially disposed with the two rotating columns 56, a second limiting block 511 matched with the first limiting block 59 is disposed in the driving wheels 510, the two driving wheels 510 are linked through a conveying belt 512, a second motor 513 is mounted on the advancing plate 52, and an output end of the second motor 513 is linked with one driving wheel 510 through a belt pulley set.

As shown in fig. 1 and 11, the advancing plate 52 is provided with a third motor 15, an output shaft of the third motor 15 is coaxially connected with a third gear 16, and the sliding plate 51 is provided with a third rack 17 engaged with the third gear 16.

The working principle of the invention is as follows.

The method comprises the following steps: when the old milling cutter 9 is removed, the first motor 214 is operated to drive the rocker 215 to rotate, the rocker 215 pushes the hinged second rack 213 to move upwards, so that the second rack 213 and the first gear 27 are positioned on the same plane and are ready to be engaged, the support plate 21 slides on the bottom rail 14, the rotary tool post 7 rotates, so that the milling cutter replacing mechanism 1 is aligned with the milling cutter 9 to be replaced, the first electric cylinder 22 is operated to push the connecting plate 23 and further push the outer fixed ring 24 to move towards the milling cutter 9 to be replaced, the milling cutter 9 to be replaced passes through the outer fixed ring 24 and the torsion sleeve 25, at this time, the two clamping members 31 clamp the milling cutter 9 to be replaced, the torsion sleeve 25 continues to move towards the locking nut 10, after the torsion sleeve 25 is abutted with the locking nut 10, the second rack 213 drives the first gear 27 to rotate, the first gear 27 drives the torsion sleeve 25 to synchronously rotate through the second gear 29, the first bevel gear 210 and the second gear 211, so that the torsion sleeve 25 drives the locking nut 10 to rotate, so that the milling cutter holder 8 is loosened from the milling cutter 9, then the first motor 214 is operated to drive the rotation, so that the second rack 213, the first gear 27 and the second rack 213 and the second gear 27 are not engaged with the first electric cylinder 27, the first gear 27, the clamping cylinder 31 does not need to retract, the clamping cylinder 9, the clamping cylinders to control the clamping cylinders 9, and the clamping cylinders 31 to remove the clamping cylinders 9, and remove the milling cutter holder 8, and the clamping cylinders 31, and the clamping cylinders 9.

Step two: when a new milling cutter 9 is installed, the new milling cutter 9 is inserted between the two clamping members 31, the first motor 214 is operated to drive the tilting plate 215 to rotate, so that the first rack 212 and the first gear 27 are in the same plane to be meshed, the first electric cylinder 22 is operated to push the connecting plate 23 to move, and further drive the outer fixing ring 24 and the torsion sleeve 25 to move towards the milling cutter base 8, after the torsion sleeve 25 is in butt joint with the locking nut 10 on the milling cutter base 8, the milling cutter 9 is inserted into the milling cutter base 8, the first rack 212 is meshed with the first gear 27, the first gear 27 rotates, the rotation of the torsion sleeve 25 is realized through the second gear 29, the first bevel gear 210 and the second bevel gear 211, and further the locking nut 10 rotates, so that the milling cutter base 8 fixes the new milling cutter 9, after the new milling cutter 9 is fixed, the inclined clamping block 42 is in clamping with the clamping groove 47 on the butt joint column 45, so that the two clamping members 31 are opened, the first electric cylinder 22 is retracted, at this time, the inclined clamping block 42 drives the butt joint column 45, the first inclined block 43 and the first inclined block 48 to move, at this time, the second spring 44 is in a compressed state, when the first inclined clamping block 48 and the second inclined block 48 are in contact with the second inclined clamping block 48, and the sliding block 49, the sliding block 45 is in a reset state, so that the sliding block 45 is in a reset state, the sliding block 48, the sliding block 45 is in a reset state, and a reset state, the sliding block 48 is in a reset state after the sliding block 48, the sliding block 45, and the sliding block 45 is in a reset state, and the sliding block 48, and the sliding block 45 is in a reset state.

Step three: the lathe tool 12 is disassembled, the bottom rail 14 and the sliding plate 51 are slid, the third motor 15 is operated to drive the third gear 16 and the third rack 17 to move, the position of the lathe tool supporting plate 55 is adjusted, the lathe tool 12 is replaced, the rotary tool rest 7 is rotated, the lathe tool 12 is moved to one side of the lathe tool supporting plate 55, due to the fact that the round angle of the screwing column 57 is arranged, when the lathe tool seat 11 rotates to the position of the screwing column 57 and is in contact with the screwing column 57, the fourth spring 58 is compressed, the screwing column 57 slightly rotates and is in butt joint with the fastening screw 13, the second motor 513 is operated to drive the belt pulley set 514 to operate, the two driving wheels 510 are driven to synchronously move, through the cooperation of the first limiting block 59 and the second limiting block 511, the two screwing columns 57 synchronously rotate, the fastening screw 13 is fastened and loosened, and the disassembly and installation operations of the lathe tool 12 are achieved.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a full-automatic toolchanger of turn-milling machine, is applied to on the turn-milling all-in-one lathe, this integrative lathe of turn-milling has support frame (6), revolving tool rest (7), milling cutter seat (8), milling cutter (9), lock nut (10), lathe tool seat (11), lathe tool (12), fastening screw (13) and end rail (14), its characterized in that: the automatic tool changing device comprises a milling cutter changing mechanism (1) for mounting and dismounting a milling cutter (9); a turning tool replacing mechanism (5) for mounting and dismounting the turning tool (12);

the milling cutter replacing mechanism (1) comprises a tightening and loosening assembly (2) used for loosening and tightening a locking nut (10); the clamping assembly (3) is used for clamping the milling cutter (9); the opening and closing assembly (4) is used for opening and tightening the clamping assembly (3);

the elastic component (2) comprises a supporting plate (21) and a first electric cylinder (22), the supporting plate (21) is slidably mounted on the bottom rail (14), the first electric cylinder (22) is mounted on the supporting plate (21), the output end of the first electric cylinder (22) is connected with a connecting plate (23), an outer fixing ring (24) is slidably mounted on the supporting plate (21), the output end of the first electric cylinder (22) is connected with the outer fixing ring (24) through the connecting plate (23), a torsion sleeve (25) matched with a locking nut (10) is rotatably mounted on the outer fixing ring (24), a connecting piece (26) is connected on the outer fixing ring (24), a first gear (27) is rotatably mounted on the connecting piece (26), a rotating shaft (28) is rotatably mounted on the connecting plate (23), a second gear (29) meshed with the first gear (27) is coaxially connected on the rotating shaft (28), a first bevel gear (210) is coaxially connected on the rotating shaft (28), gears (211) meshed with the first bevel gear (210) are coaxially connected on the torsion sleeve (25), the first gear (21) and first rack (212) and the first rack (213) are respectively matched with the first rack (213), install first motor (214) on support plate (21), first motor (214) output shaft has wane (215), and wane (215) both ends are articulated with first rack (212), second rack (213) respectively.

2. The full-automatic tool changer of the milling machine of claim 1, characterized in that: centre gripping subassembly (3) include holder (31) and first spring (32), and the equal slidable mounting in connecting piece (26) both sides has holder (31), and holder (31) are gone up the cover and are equipped with first spring (32) that make it reset.

3. The full-automatic tool changer of the milling machine of claim 2, characterized in that: open and close subassembly (4) including connecting rod spare (41), holder (31) of both sides all are connected with connecting rod spare (41), connecting rod spare (41) tip is provided with oblique fixture block (42), support equal slidable mounting sliding block (43) in plate (21) both sides, be provided with second spring (44) that act on sliding block (43) on supporting plate (21), slidable mounting has docking post (45) on sliding block (43), be provided with third spring (46) between docking post (45) and sliding block (43), seted up on docking post (45) with oblique fixture block (42) matched with draw-in groove (47), be connected with first sloping block (48) on docking post (45), be provided with second sloping block (49) that promote first sloping block (48) motion on supporting plate (21).

4. The full-automatic tool changer of the milling machine of claim 1, characterized in that: lathe tool change mechanism (5) is including sliding plate (51) and the plate (52) that gos forward, sliding plate (51) slidable mounting is on end rail (14), the plate (52) slidable mounting that gos forward is on sliding plate (51), it is provided with second electric jar (53) on the plate (52) to go forward, second electric jar (53) output is connected with lathe tool layer board (55), it all rotates to install and rotates post (56) to go forward plate (52) both sides, it twists post (57) with fastening screw (13) complex to rotate to slide to install on post (56), it is equipped with and acts on fourth spring (58) of twisting post (57) to rotate the cover on post (56), it sets up with fastening screw (13) grafting position fillet to twist post (57), it has first stopper (59) to rotate post (56) end connection, it all rotates drive wheel (510) to go forward plate (52) both sides, two drive wheels (510) respectively with two rotation post (56) coaxial settings, be provided with second stopper (511) complex in drive wheel (510), two drive wheels (510) pass through conveyer belt (512) and realize that the linkage motor (513) is installed on second motor (513) and the second motor (52) linkage motor (513), it realizes through second stopper (513).

5. The full-automatic tool changer of the milling machine of claim 4, characterized in that: the advancing plate (52) is provided with a third motor (15), the output shaft of the third motor (15) is coaxially connected with a third gear (16), and a third rack (17) meshed with the third gear (16) is arranged on the sliding plate (51).