CN115316180A - Method for culturing seedlings of cornus polyandra in container - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for raising seedlings in a multi-flowered cypress container, and belongs to the technical field of woody plant seedling propagation. The invention discloses a method for raising seedlings in a multi-flowered cypress container, including the selection and cultivation of female parent, the construction of cutting facilities, the selection and treatment of cutting substrate, the selection and treatment of cuttings, the cutting method, the management of cutting seedlings transplanting and refining, and the management of container seedlings. Weed control management. The invention can shorten the rooting time of the multiflora ash tree, the cutting survival rate is more than 90%, the management cost of the container seedlings is reduced by 70%, the cutting can be repeated many times a year, effectively solves the multiflora ash tree seedling supply, and has broad application prospects.

Description

A kind of method for raising seedlings of chrysanthemum in container

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of seedling propagation of woody plants, and more specifically relates to a method for raising seedlings in a multi-flower arbor tree container.

Background technique

With the development of modernization of agriculture and forestry, woody flower cultivation, as one of the important industries, has broad development prospects. Cornusflorida L. is a small deciduous tree with a height of 10 meters. Landscape plants and oil plants. The branches are red; the leaves are opposite, and the leaf color varies in four seasons; there are many flowers, which turn from white to yellow, and the flowering period is June; the fruit is red. This tree species is of great ornamental value. It is native to the United States and is also distributed in Mexico. It is especially popular abroad as a street tree and shade tree. However, due to the difficulty in propagating this tree species, the survival rate of conventional cuttings is only 40%. Since its introduction, its popularization and application have been greatly restricted, resulting in its failure to be effectively promoted today.

Cutting, grafting, and tissue culture are common asexual propagation methods in the art. Cutting, also known as cuttings, is a common propagation method for cultivating plants. It has the characteristics of being simple and quick, and maintaining excellent properties. The stems, leaves, roots, buds, etc. of some plants can be cut, or inserted into the soil, sand, or soaked in water, and can be planted after rooting to make it an independent new plant. In agricultural and forestry production, different plants have different requirements for cutting conditions. Only by understanding and complying with their needs can a higher reproductive success rate be obtained. In addition, seedling cultivation by cuttings is an effective way to solve the problem of rapid propagation of A. polyflora by farmers. Although there are currently some researches on the fast propagation technology of S. multiflora cuttings, it is difficult to control the humidity and temperature during the cutting process, and the cost is high, so the production of seedlings cannot be effectively guaranteed. As a result, the number of seedlings of this variety is very small in China at present, and the resources are very scarce, which belongs to "there is no stock in the market".

Therefore, it is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art to provide a method for cultivating seedlings in a multi-flower arbor tree container.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a method for raising seedlings in a multi-flowered arbor tree container, which is simple and convenient, low in cost and high in survival rate.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A method for cultivating seedlings in a multi-flower tree container, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Maternal selection and cultivation

The female parent selects 2-year-old strong seedlings, prunes at the base of the trunk in November of the previous year, and retains 2-3 axillary buds;

The female parent culture method is as follows: cultivation in gallon pot containers, culture substrate selection of perlite with a volume ratio of 1:1:1: peat soil: yellow heart soil, adding organic slow-release fertilizer accounting for 10% of the weight of the culture substrate; 1. Move the ear-picking female parent cultivated outdoors to a greenhouse or a seedling greenhouse for germination cultivation. The cultivation temperature is 18-28°C. During this period, the foliar topdressing starts in April, and topdressing is once every 2 weeks, using 1/4 Hoagland nutrient solution;

(2) Construction of cutting facilities

The cutting culture room chooses a closed space that is airtight and light-proof, and the temperature range of the culture room is controlled by temperature control equipment at 20-26°C; the culture room is equipped with a culture rack, and each layer of the culture rack is equipped with 3 LED lamp tubes, and the daily light time 18h, light intensity 2000-3000lx;

(3) Selection and treatment of cutting substrate

The cutting substrate is pure vermiculite. Before cutting, spread the vermiculite in the cutting container (plastic turnover box without holes) at a depth of 10cm. Fill the cutting container with water until the water level reaches 2/3 of the depth of the substrate. Stop water injection. make it saturated;

(4) Selection and treatment of cuttings

For cuttings, choose branches with full axillary buds and leaves free from diseases and insect pests as cuttings. Each cutting has 2 nodes, 6-10cm in length, and 1 pair of leaves; after the cuttings are collected, put them in 500 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for disinfection for 1 hour ; Insert the sterilized cuttings into the compound rooting preparation and process for 2 minutes;

(5) Cutting method

The cuttage substrate treated in step (3) is pre-inserted on the surface of the substrate with a hole of the thickness of the cuttings with a glass rod, and the cuttings processed in step (4) are inserted into the cutting container equipped with the cutting substrate, and sprayed on the leaves Moisture, seal the cutting container through PVC film, and ventilate once every 7 days;

(6) Management of transplanting and hardening of cutting seedlings

After the cuttings are cultivated in the cutting culture room for 21 days, the whole container is removed from the cutting culture room, and placed in an outdoor natural environment for hardening; during the hardening process, the air is changed once a day, 75% of natural light is shaded, and after hardening for 20 days, the seedlings are planted separately Cultivation of container seedlings;

(7) Weed control management of container seedlings

The container seedlings use garden soil and peat soil with a volume ratio of 2:1 as the cultivation medium; after the container seedlings are placed in the pot, the surface and the gap between the pots are immediately sprinkled with yellow sand mixed with soluble granule herbicide, and the soluble granule herbicide The weight ratio to the yellow sand is 1:100; after sowing, the herbicide is gradually dissolved by artificial irrigation or spraying water (the amount of watering depends on the weather), and the herbicide is reapplied after 3 months.

Further, the compound rooting preparation described in step (4) is: the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate of 1g/L and the indole butyric acid volume ratio of 3g/L are the mixed solution of 1:1.

Further, the soluble granule herbicide in step (7) is ammonium glyphosate with 68% active ingredient.

The inventor has long-term work experience in the tissue culture process, considering the constant temperature effect of the culture room; based on the culture function of the tissue culture room, the inventor moved the cuttings from the outside to the room by combining the method of artificially controlling the humidity. The incubator and other facilities are kept moist, and the roots are stimulated through the light and temperature conditions of the cultivation room. Make innovations in the cutting of multi-flowered trees in facilities.

It can be known from the above-mentioned technical solution that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a method for raising seedlings in a multi-flowered arbor tree container, which has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The present invention utilizes culture room and moisture-retaining container facility cuttage to cuttage the multiflora tree, can obtain a large amount of multiflower tree seedlings quickly and effectively, solve the problem of resource shortage; And the exploration of the transplanting method after survival can make the survival rate of the cuttings of the multiflora cuttage reach more than 95%. At the same time, the rooting time of 21 days can remove the rooting seedlings of the previous batch of cuttings in time, so that the cuttings can be repeated. Compared with traditional outdoor cuttings, the utilization rate of space and time is greatly improved. Traditional greenhouse cuttings can be repeated cuttings up to 2 times a year. The innovation of the present invention is that on the premise of sufficient cuttings supply, cuttings can be repeated multiple times a year.

(2) The present invention is the method that the inventor draws according to the long-term tissue culture work experience, in conjunction with the plant physiological development characteristics, the facility cuttage that the experiment draws. Utilizing the constant temperature of the culture room of tissue culture, 25°C is the best temperature for callus differentiation of plants, and it is also the temperature for promoting roots of cuttings in various woody plants. Starting from this theory, after the inventor updated the moisturizing method and the stimulating concentration of the rooting preparation, the rooting time of the cuttings could be shortened to 21 days. Compared with the prior art that did not adopt a culture temperature and humidity similar to tissue culture, the rooting was slower. About 10d only partly produces callus, 20d produces irregular callus, and is accompanied by defoliation phenomenon, and just grows tender root successively from 30d, and the method of the present invention has fast rooting speed and high efficiency.

(3) The weed control technology in the cultivation of container seedlings adopts granular herbicides mixed with yellow sand for spreading. It can effectively control the germination of weeds, which not only saves the cost of manual weeding, but also prevents weeds from competing with container seedlings for nutrients. the seedling cycle.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A method for cultivating seedlings in a multi-flower tree container, comprising the following steps:

(1) Maternal selection and cultivation

The female parent chooses 2-year-old strong seedlings, and prunes at the base of the trunk in November of the previous year, and retains 2-3 axillary buds; the female parent's cultivation method is: gallon pot container cultivation, and the volume ratio of the culture medium is 1:1:1. Perlite: peat soil: yellow heart soil, add organic slow-release fertilizer (Zhenjiang Peilei Organic Fertilizer Co., Ltd.) accounting for 10% by weight of the substrate, and before the shoots germinate in March, put the ear-picking female parent cultivated in the open air in the greenhouse or nursery Greenhouses were used for germination cultivation at a temperature of 18-28°C; during this period, foliar topdressing began in April, and topdressing was once every 2 weeks, using 1/4 Hoagland nutrient solution.

(2) Construction of cutting facilities

In March of that year, the cutting culture room was built: choose a closed space that is airtight and light-proof, and install the air conditioner to control the temperature range of the culture room at about 24°C (the temperature range recorded by the thermometer is 20-26°C); the culture room is equipped with culture racks , built with angle steel shelves, 1.5m long, 0.5m wide, 6 floors in total, 3 20W T5 LED lamp tubes are installed on each layer of the cultivation frame, the daily light time is 18h controlled by the timer, and the light intensity is 2000-3000lx.

(3) Selection and treatment of cutting substrate

At the beginning of May, prepare the cutting substrate: the cutting substrate is pure vermiculite. Before cutting, spread the vermiculite in the cutting container (non-porous plastic turnover box) at a depth of 10cm. Fill the container with water (deionized water, or dry in the sun). tap water), the water level reaches 2/3 of the substrate depth, stop water injection, and make it saturated.

(4) Selection and treatment of cuttings

On May 20, the cuttings were treated: the cuttings were selected as cuttings with full axillary buds and no leaves of pests and diseases. Each cutting had 2 nodes, 6-10cm in length, and 1 pair of leaves; after collection, put 50% carbendazim wettable The 500 times liquid of the powder was disinfected for 1 hour; the sterilized branches were inserted into the compound rooting preparation for 2 minutes. The compound rooting preparation is: a mixture of 1 g/L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 3 g/L indole butyric acid with a volume ratio of 1:1.

(5) Cutting method

Use a glass rod to pre-insert holes of the thickness of the cuttings on the surface of the substrate for the treated cuttings. After inserting the cuttings into the substrate container, spray water on the leaves, seal the container with a PVC film, and ventilate once every 7 days. A total of 1000 cuttings were taken.

(6) Management of transplanting and hardening of cutting seedlings

After the cuttings are cultivated in the cultivation room for 15 days, the whole container is removed from the cultivation room, and placed in an outdoor natural environment for hardening; during the hardening process, the air is changed once a day, 75% of natural light is shaded, the hardened seedlings are cultivated for 20 days, and they are planted into container seedlings nurture. On June 10, the cuttings took root after 21 days, and the number of rooted plants reached 9503, and the rooting rate reached 95.03%.

(7) Weed control management of container seedlings

At the end of June, the rooted seedlings were cultivated in containers, and the cultivation substrate was garden soil and peat soil with a volume ratio of 2:1. After the container seedlings were placed in pots, the surface and the gap between the pots were immediately sprinkled with a soluble granule herbicide (active ingredient 68% glyphosate ammonium salt, yellow sand (weight ratio 1:100) of Jiangsu Renxin Crop Protection Technology Co., Ltd., gradually dissolve the herbicide by artificial irrigation or spray watering (the amount of watering depends on the weather) after sowing , after 3 months make up once. By the end of October, the number of surviving plants reached 9000, and the survival rate was 90%. The average plant height is 113cm.

From June to October, the cuttings were repeated 3 times, 1000 plants each time. The rooting numbers reached 9180, 9247 and 9430 respectively, the rooting rates were 91.80%, 92.47% and 94.30, and the container seedling survival rates were 91.08%, 92.11% and 90.98%. Through multiple cuttings, a large number of multi-flowered tree seedlings can be propagated, which can greatly fill the gap in the market.

April-June is the plant growth season, and each mu consumes 40 man-hours of manpower per month. According to the calculation of 30 yuan/man-hour, the labor cost of 3 months is 3600 yuan/mu; and the grass control technology of the present invention only needs to be applied Sprinkle the herbicide mixed with yellow sand once, the labor cost is 300 yuan/mu for 10 man-hours, the material cost is 300 yuan/mu, and the water and electricity cost for sprinkler irrigation is about 480 yuan/mu, totaling 1080 yuan/mu, and the management cost of container seedlings is reduced by 70%.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (3)

1. A method for container seedling culture of cornus polyandra is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

(1) Female parent selection and culture

2-year-old healthy and strong seedlings are selected as female parents, pruning is carried out on the base of a trunk in 11 months of the previous year, and 2-3 axillary buds are reserved;

the female parent culture method comprises the following steps: and (3) container cultivation, wherein the volume ratio of the culture medium is 1:1:1 perlite: peat soil: adding organic slow release fertilizer accounting for 10% of the weight of the culture medium into yellow core soil; before the branches germinate in 3 months, the ear-picking female parents cultured in the open air are transferred to a greenhouse or a seedling raising greenhouse for germination-accelerating culture, the culture temperature is 18-28 ℃, during the period, leaf surface topdressing is started in 4 months, topdressing is carried out once every 2 weeks, and 1/4Hoagland nutrient solution is used;

(2) Construction of cutting facility

Selecting a windproof and lightproof closed space in the cuttage culture room, and controlling the temperature range of the culture room to be 20-26 ℃ through temperature control equipment; the cultivation room is provided with cultivation frames, each layer of cultivation frame is provided with 3 LED lamp tubes, the daily illumination time is 18h, and the light intensity is 2000-3000lx;

(3) Cutting medium selection and treatment

The cutting medium adopts pure vermiculite, before cutting, the vermiculite is firstly paved in a cutting container with the depth of 10cm, water is injected into the cutting container, the water level reaches 2/3 of the depth of the medium, and the water injection is stopped to saturate the medium;

(4) Cutting selection and treatment

The cutting shoot is made of branches with plump axillary buds and no plant diseases and insect pests on leaves, each cutting shoot is provided with 2 knots, the length is 6-10cm, and 1 pair of leaves is reserved; after the cutting slips are collected, putting the cutting slips into 500 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for disinfection for 1h; inserting the sterilized cutting into the compound rooting preparation for treatment for 2min;

(5) Cuttage method

Inserting the cutting substrate treated in the step (3) into a cutting container filled with the cutting substrate by using a glass rod to form a cave with the size of the thickness of the cutting shoot in advance, spraying water on leaf surfaces of the cutting shoot treated in the step (4), sealing the cutting container through a PVC film, and ventilating once every 7 days;

(6) Management of cutting seedling transplantation and hardening seedling

After the cutting slips are cultured in the cutting culture room for 21d, the whole container is moved out of the cutting culture room and placed in an outdoor natural environment for hardening seedlings; in the seedling hardening process, ventilation is carried out once a day, 75% of natural light is shaded, and after seedling hardening culture is carried out for 20 days, container seedling culture is carried out in a separated mode;

(7) Grass prevention management of container seedlings

The container seedling adopts a culture medium with a volume ratio of 2:1, garden soil and peat soil; immediately spreading yellow sand mixed with soluble granule type herbicide on the surface and gaps between the container seedlings and the pots, wherein the weight ratio of the soluble granule type herbicide to the yellow sand is 1:100, respectively; after the sowing, the water is sprayed by manual sprinkling irrigation or spraying, and the water is applied for one time after 3 months.

2. The method for container seedling of cornus polyandra as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound rooting preparation in step (4) is: 1g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 3g/L of indolebutyric acid in a volume ratio of 1.

3. The method for container nursery of cornus polyandra as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soluble granule herbicide in step (7) is glyphosate ammonium salt with 68% of active ingredient.