CN115304212B - Garbage treatment method - Google Patents
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- CN115304212B CN115304212B CN202210767366.6A CN202210767366A CN115304212B CN 115304212 B CN115304212 B CN 115304212B CN 202210767366 A CN202210767366 A CN 202210767366A CN 115304212 B CN115304212 B CN 115304212B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 158
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bisulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].OS([O-])(=O)=O BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a garbage disposal method, which comprises the following steps: pretreating kitchen waste conveyed by a shaftless spiral conveying device; collecting draining generated in the conveying process of kitchen waste, mixing the draining with garbage percolate, and tempering; coagulating sedimentation treatment is carried out on the conditioned wastewater by using the mixed coagulant and flocculant, the coagulating reaction time is 10-30 min, and the sedimentation residence time is 2-10 h; performing sand filtration and impurity removal treatment on the supernatant after coagulating sedimentation treatment; after the wastewater after impurity removal treatment is regulated to be alkaline, ammonia stripping treatment is carried out in an ammonia stripping tower, and the total filler and water volume ratio in the ammonia stripping tower is 1: (1-1.5), hydraulic load 73m 3 /(m 2 ·d)～78m 3 /(m 2 D), gas-water ratio 3400m 3 /m 3 ～3600m 3 /m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And (3) recycling the generated ammonia gas, and carrying out biochemical treatment on the wastewater produced by ammonia stripping. Therefore, the ammonia nitrogen content in the percolate is reduced, the biodegradability of the percolate is improved, meanwhile, the loss of organic matters of the kitchen waste is avoided, and the subsequent treatment load of the kitchen waste is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage disposal, in particular to a garbage disposal method capable of reducing the subsequent treatment load of kitchen garbage.
Background
The kitchen waste has complex components and contains a plurality of harmful organic matters, the main chemical components of the organic matters comprise starch, cellulose, protein, lipid and inorganic salt, and the kitchen waste is also rich in microelements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and the like, and further contains a large amount of water, wherein the water content reaches 75% -85%. At present, the kitchen waste is generally transported to post-treatment equipment for separation and/or solid-liquid separation, and is dehydrated and subjected to biochemical reaction to prepare the organic fertilizer. However, the inventor of the present application found that the processing load of the subsequent processing apparatus such as the sorting apparatus, the solid-liquid separator, etc. is increased due to the high water content of the garbage entering the subsequent processing apparatus; in addition, the ammonia nitrogen content in the drained water after solid-liquid separation is higher, and the subsequent treatment efficiency is affected.
The landfill leachate is sewage formed by leaching water generated by decomposition of organic matters in the garbage, free water in the garbage, precipitation and infiltrated groundwater in the garbage in the landfill and stacking processes. The landfill leachate generally contains not only high-concentration organic matters, but also high-concentration ammonia nitrogen, alkalinity, chloride, sulfate and heavy metals. The treatment method of landfill leachate is a biological method currently and commonly used. However, the inventor of the application found that as the age of landfill grows, the COD and BOD5 concentration of percolate gradually decreases to or floats up and down to a stable level, the biodegradability of wastewater decreases, the ammonia nitrogen concentration increases, and the landfill leachate is directly treated by using a biological method, so that the effluent quality hardly reaches the national emission standard, and the problem is that the excessive ammonia nitrogen content in the leachate can inhibit the activity of microorganisms.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a garbage treatment method, which combines kitchen garbage treatment and garbage leachate treatment, and reduces the ammonia nitrogen content in leachate before biochemical treatment so as to improve the biodegradability of the leachate and reduce the subsequent treatment load of the kitchen garbage.
The invention relates to a garbage disposal method, which comprises the following steps: pretreating kitchen waste conveyed by a shaftless spiral conveying device; collecting draining generated in the conveying process of the kitchen waste, mixing the draining with garbage percolate, and tempering; coagulating sedimentation treatment is carried out on the conditioned wastewater by using the mixed coagulant and flocculant, the coagulating reaction time is 10-30 min, and the sedimentation residence time is 2-10 h; performing sand filtration and impurity removal treatment on the supernatant after coagulating sedimentation treatment; after the wastewater after impurity removal treatment is regulated to be alkaline, ammonia stripping treatment is carried out in an ammonia stripping tower, and the total filler and water volume ratio in the ammonia stripping tower is 1: (1-1.5), hydraulic load 73m 3 /(m 2 ·d)～78m 3 /(m 2 D), gas-water ratio 3400m 3 /m 3 ～3600 m 3 /m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And (3) recycling ammonia generated in the ammonia stripping treatment, and performing biochemical treatment on wastewater generated by ammonia stripping.
In addition, preferably, the coagulant is metal salt, and the adding amount is 100 mg/L-1000 mg/L; the flocculant is an organic polymer flocculant or a microbial flocculant, and the adding amount is 1 mg/L-2 mg/L.
Further, it is preferable that sand filtration and impurity removal treatment be performed using a multi-media filter using pebble layer, quartz sand and activated carbon as the filter media.
Furthermore, the pH of the waste water is preferably adjusted to > 10 by adding lime milk.
Furthermore, preferably, an iron carbon packing is arranged in the ammonia stripping tower in a proportion of 1:0.5 to 1: 1.2.
In addition, preferably, the shaftless screw conveyor comprises a driving part and a conveying part detachably connected with the driving part, and the feed inlet, the drain outlet and the discharge outlet are positioned on the conveying part; the driving part is of a box type structure and comprises a gear motor and a box body, wherein a main shaft of the gear motor penetrates into the box body from one end of the box body, and the end part of the main shaft extends out of the other end of the box body and is fixedly connected with the shaftless screw body; the conveying component comprises a shell with one end not closed and a shaftless spiral body, wherein the end surface of the other end of the box body is fixedly connected with the non-closed end of the shell.
In addition, preferably, a sealing connection welding piece is welded on the inner side of the end face of the other end of the box body, and the sealing connection welding piece is arranged along the periphery of the main shaft; a packing sealing element is arranged between the sealing connection welding element and the main shaft; the bottom of the box body is provided with a liquid outlet, and the liquid outlet is close to the other end of the box body.
Further, preferably, the shaftless screw conveyor comprises a plurality of conveyor members connected in series.
According to the invention, kitchen waste is subjected to shaftless spiral conveying and then draining, is mixed with garbage percolate treatment, and before biochemical treatment, mixed waste water is subjected to tempering and impurity removal and then ammonia stripping is carried out in the ammonia stripping tower filled with the iron-carbon filler, so that the ammonia nitrogen content in the percolate is reduced, and the biodegradability of the percolate is improved; meanwhile, after the kitchen waste is conveyed by the shaftless screw, the water content of materials entering the post-treatment equipment is reduced, so that the treatment load of the post-treatment equipment is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a garbage disposal system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a garbage disposal method according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a driving member of the shaftless screw conveyor according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a conveying member of the shaftless screw conveyor according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conveying member of the shaftless screw conveyor according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a shaftless screw conveyor in a tandem type employed in the garbage disposal method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The garbage disposal method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a garbage disposal system according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the garbage disposal system according to the present invention comprises a shaftless screw conveyor, a mixing tempering apparatus 100, a coagulation sedimentation tank 200, a sand filter 300, an ammonia stripping tower 400, an MBR (membrane bioreactor) treatment apparatus 500 and an ultrafiltration membrane module 600, and an ammonia absorption tower 410 connected to an ammonia outlet of the ammonia stripping tower 400. Wherein a regulating tank may be further provided before the ammonia stripping tower 400, and a callback tank may be further provided before the MBR processing device 500.
In the garbage disposal system, the shaftless screw conveyor is used for conveying kitchen garbage first, and then the kitchen garbage is pretreated. In the above-described mixing tempering apparatus 100, the drain generated during the transportation is collected and mixed with the landfill leachate and tempered. Then, after the coagulating sedimentation tank 200 performs coagulating sedimentation treatment on the quenched and tempered wastewater, the supernatant obtained after the coagulating sedimentation treatment is subjected to sand filtration and impurity removal treatment by using the sand filter 300. After the wastewater subjected to the impurity removal treatment in the sand filter 300 is adjusted to be alkaline, ammonia stripping is performed in the ammonia stripping tower 400 to produce wastewater and ammonia gas, the ammonia gas in the wastewater and ammonia gas is recovered by the ammonia gas absorption tower 410, and simultaneously, the wastewater is subjected to biochemical treatment. The ammonia stripping is carried out under the action of an iron carbon filler.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a garbage disposal method according to the present invention. The garbage disposal method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2.
First, in step S10, kitchen waste pretreatment is performed. Here, the kitchen waste is transported by a shaftless screw conveyor. Specifically, kitchen waste is fed from a feed port 19 of the shaftless screw conveying device, the kitchen waste is conveyed to a post-treatment device through the shaftless screw 16, for example, sorting equipment, a solid-liquid separator and other devices can be used for sorting and/or solid-liquid separation, dehydrated materials are discharged through a discharge port 22 for recycling, and drips generated in the conveying process are discharged from a draining port 23 and are uniformly collected for subsequent treatment. The shaftless spiral conveying device is used for conveying, so that the draining effect is remarkably enhanced, the processing load of post-processing equipment is reduced, the twisting and vibration of the spiral blade are greatly reduced in the running process of the equipment, and the conveying stability is improved. In addition, the shaftless spiral conveying device has stronger winding resistance, and is large in conveying capacity and not easy to block.
Based on the particularities of kitchen waste material states (such as wet and pasty materials, semi-fluid and viscous materials, materials which are easy to wind and block and have special sanitary requirements), the screw pitch of the shaftless screw conveying device is controlled to be 200-400 mm and the inclination angle of the screw is controlled to be less than or equal to 30 degrees, and when the multistage series connection is adopted, the installation angle and the screw length are reduced, flexible adjustment can be performed according to application scenes, the applicability of the device is improved, and the operation stability is improved.
Then, at step S20, the drips generated during the garbage transportation are collected and mixed with the garbage percolate and tempered. And during tempering, the pH value of the mixed wastewater is improved by adding a tempering agent so as to facilitate subsequent impurity removal treatment. The concrete tempering method is not limited, for example, lime is adopted for tempering, the alkalinity of raw water is properly improved so as to facilitate subsequent impurity removal, and meanwhile, ionic ammonia in wastewater is conveniently converted into free amino so as to facilitate ammonia stripping, and the dosing cost is also reduced. For example, when the ferrous sulfate coagulant is adopted, a modifying agent can be added to modify the mixed wastewater to a meta-acidic environment so as to improve the coagulation effect of the ferrous sulfate coagulant.
After the mixed quenching and tempering treatment, the wastewater is subjected to impurity removal treatment, wherein the impurity removal treatment comprises coagulating sedimentation treatment and sand impurity removal treatment, so that the treatment efficiency of the subsequent ammonia stripping and other procedures is improved. The waste water after tempering is high ammonia nitrogen waste water, suspended matters and hardness ion sediments in raw water are removed by adopting coagulating sedimentation treatment before ammonia stripping treatment, and then impurities are removed from supernatant fluid after coagulating sedimentation treatment by adopting sand to further reduce the turbidity of the waste water. By continuously using the two impurity removal methods, the sedimentation of some particle suspended matters and organic matters is more thorough, so that the stable operation of the subsequent ammonia stripping and other treatment procedures is ensured, and the treatment efficiency is ensured.
Next, in step S30, the quenched and tempered wastewater is subjected to coagulating sedimentation treatment. Specifically, the conditioned wastewater is added into a coagulating sedimentation tank, coagulant and flocculant are fully mixed and then added into the coagulating sedimentation tank, suspended matters and hardness ion sediment in raw water are continuously flocculated to be precipitated and separated, supernatant fluid of the coagulating sedimentation tank flows into a clear liquid collecting tank, and sludge in the coagulating sedimentation tank is discharged periodically. Wherein, the reaction time of the coagulation section is 10-30 min, the sedimentation residence time can be 2-10 h, and the coagulation sedimentation effect can be further ensured by controlling the coagulation reaction and the sedimentation residence time so as to ensure the stable operation of the subsequent ammonia stripping treatment procedure. The coagulant can be metal salt, and the metal salt can be ferric salt or aluminum salt, such as ferric trichloride, ferrous sulfate hydrate, polymeric ferric sulfate and the like, and the adding amount is 100-1000 mg/L, such as 300-800 mg/L. The flocculant is an organic polymer flocculant or a microbial flocculant, such as polyacrylamide and the like, and the dosage of the flocculant is 1-2 mg/L, such as 1.2-1.8 mg/L.
Then, the supernatant after the coagulating sedimentation treatment is subjected to sand filtration and impurity removal treatment in step S40. Wherein, the sand filtration impurity removal treatment process is carried out by adopting a multi-medium filter. Specifically, the supernatant in the supernatant collecting tank is sent into a multi-medium filter, and as the high ammonia nitrogen wastewater possibly contains a large amount of solid particles, colloid, suspended matters and other impurities, macromolecular particles, colloid and suspended matters in the supernatant are further trapped through sand filtration, so that the subsequent ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency is ensured, and the biodegradability of the percolate is improved. The multi-medium filter inner filter material preferably adopts pebble layers, quartz sand and activated carbon as filter media, wherein the particle size of the quartz sand is 0.6-1.6 mm, and the turbidity of wastewater can be reduced to the greatest extent by adopting the multi-medium filter to remove impurities through sand filtration. The wastewater after sand filtration impurity removal treatment is sent into an adjusting tank, and the SS removal rate is 94-97% through detection, so that the turbidity of the wastewater can be further reduced after the sand filtration impurity removal treatment, and the stable operation of the subsequent ammonia stripping process section treatment is ensured.
Then, in step S50, the wastewater after the impurity removal treatment is adjusted to be alkaline, and then ammonia stripping treatment is performed, whereby wastewater and ammonia gas are generated, and the ammonia gas is recovered. Wherein ammonia stripping is performed under the action of iron carbon filler; and carrying out subsequent biochemical treatment on the produced wastewater. Through adjusting the pH before ammonia blowing, the wastewater is subjected to high-efficiency ammonia blowing in an ammonia blowing tower filled with iron carbon filler, ammonia generated by ammonia blowing is recycled, and ammonia nitrogen content in the wastewater generated by ammonia blowing is greatly reduced, so that the biodegradability of the wastewater is improved, and the wastewater can enter a biochemical treatment process.
And (3) when the pH value is regulated, the percolate after sand filtration and impurity removal treatment in the step S40 is sent into a regulating tank and regulated to be alkaline. For example, the pH value is not lower than 10, so that the content of free ammonia in the wastewater is increased, the stripping is facilitated, the pH value is increased, and the proportion of free ammonia is increased. Wherein, the tank body of the adjusting tank is internally provided with a stirrer and an online pH control system, and the metering pump is controlled to add lime milk (which is equivalent to adding quicklime powder 7-9 kg per ton of water) into the tank body until the pH of the wastewater reaches 10, and at the moment, most of ionic ammonia in the wastewater is converted into free ammonia, so that the ammonia stripping and blowing efficiency is improved. The alkalinity of the ammonia nitrogen raw water is improved by lime, so that more than 80% of ionic ammonia in the wastewater is converted into free amino, the subsequent deamination efficiency is improved, and the dosing cost is reduced.
And (3) delivering the effluent water after the pH value is regulated by the regulating tank into an ammonia stripping tower for ammonia stripping under the action of iron carbon filler. In the ammonia stripping tower, air is blown into the bottom of the ammonia stripping tower through a blower, and aeration is performed in a jet aeration mode, so that free ammonia in wastewater is carried out by the blown air, and is recovered in an ammonium sulfate form after defogging. Through adding the iron carbon filler into the ammonia stripping tower, the jet aeration mode is adopted for aeration, so that the deamination efficiency is greatly improved, finally, sulfuric acid is adopted for absorbing ammonia generated by the system, and the obtained ammonium sulfate is used as an ammonium fertilizer for recycling, so that the whole system has no secondary pollution, and the deamination efficiency is high and the operation cost is low, so that the technology is more widely popularized and applied.
And an iron-carbon filler is arranged in the ammonia stripping tower. In the first aspect, the contact area and the residence time of the wastewater and the gas can be increased by arranging the iron-carbon filler, so that the stripping efficiency is improved; in the second aspect, the iron-carbon filler can form micro-electrolysis in the solution, the waste water can be further purified, and most NH in the percolate is removed by iron filings in the micro-electrolysis 3 N and part of heavy metals, which is more beneficial to subsequent biochemical treatment. In the third aspect, the iron-carbon filler is added to supplement ferric salt for subsequent biochemical reaction, so that the organic matter removal efficiency can be improved.
Further, the iron carbon filler layout ratio is 1: (0.5-1.2), the total packing and water volume ratio in the tower is 1: (1-1.5), hydraulic load of 73-78 m 3 /(m 2 D) gas-water ratio 3400-3600 m 3 /m 3 . The ammonia stripping efficiency is improved, the ammonia nitrogen content in the wastewater is greatly reduced, and the biodegradability of the wastewater is improved by comprehensively controlling the pH of the wastewater in the stripping process, optimizing the filler and the proportion, controlling the gas-water ratio and the hydraulic load, accelerating the mass transfer of ammonia and further improving the ammonia nitrogen removal rate.
In a preferred embodiment, the arrangement ratio of the iron carbon filler is 1:1, and the volume ratio of the built-in filler to the water is 1:1.2, hydraulic negative forceLotus 75m 3 /(m 2 D) gas-water ratio 3500m 3 /m 3 The ammonia stripping is carried out under the environment, so that gas and liquid are fully contacted with each other, free ammonia dissolved in water passes through a gas-liquid interface and is subjected to phase gas phase transfer, the purpose of stripping ammonia nitrogen is achieved, and the most excellent stripping efficiency is realized.
The specific arrangement mode of the fillers in the ammonia stripping tower is not limited, three layers or multiple layers can be arranged, the arrangement mode of the iron carbon fillers matched with other fillers can be adopted, and the other fillers can be common fillers for ammonia stripping such as polypropylene multi-face hollow spheres, polypropylene pall rings and the like. Optionally, the iron-carbon filler accounts for not less than 10% of the total filler amount, so as to improve ammonia stripping, wastewater purification and effect thereof. The ammonia stripping tower is preferably operated in countercurrent, for example, the wastewater is lifted to the top of the tower and distributed to the whole surface of the filler, and flows downwards through the filler and is opposite to the gas, so that the gas-liquid mass transfer area is increased, and the ammonia gas is separated from the wastewater.
Ammonia gas generated after ammonia stripping is recovered in the form of ammonium sulfate using an ammonia absorption tower 410. Specifically, the ammonia gas is guided to the ammonia gas absorption tower through the gas guide component 411, and diluted sulfuric acid is added to prepare ammonia sulfate, and the ammonia sulfate can be sold as a fertilizer raw material so as to achieve the aim of recovery. The gas conducting component 411 may be a pipe suitable for ammonia gas delivery, and further, a control valve is disposed on the pipe to control the flow rate of ammonia gas delivery for more effective recovery.
Then, in step S60, the wastewater produced by ammonia stripping is subjected to MBR treatment, and ultrafiltration clear liquid is discharged after the treatment. The MBR treatment is an integrated wastewater treatment method by organically combining a membrane separation technology and a biological treatment technology, and is based on the MBR treatment of wastewater after ammonia nitrogen concentration is reduced by ammonia stripping, so that the biodegradability of percolate is improved, and the discharged ultrafiltration clear liquid can meet the discharge standard.
Wherein, before adopting MBR to handle, adjust waste water pH earlier, soften quality of water, avoid the influence to follow-up membrane treatment. Waste water NH after iron-carbon ammonia stripping 3 The N concentration has been greatly reduced, since in the iron-carbon ammonia stripping step, in order to improve ammonia blowingThe stripping efficiency improves the alkalinity of the wastewater, so that the produced wastewater has higher pH value, and the too high pH value does not meet the requirement of directly entering a biochemical system. Therefore, the wastewater is sent into a callback tank, the pH value of the wastewater is firstly reduced by adding dilute sulfuric acid, and the wastewater is simultaneously mixed with most Ca in the wastewater 2+ 、 Mg 2+ With SO 4 2- The sediment is formed by combination, and then the sediment is removed along with the mud discharging process, and the water quality is softened by adjusting the pH value, so that the scaling phenomena of a subsequent process pipeline, a membrane material and the like are reduced, and the treatment efficiency is further improved.
The pH-adjusted feed liquid in the callback tank is sent into the MBR treatment device 500 for biochemical reaction. Specifically, continuous plug flow aeration is carried out in a denitrification tank to carry out denitrification, and the residence time of a denitrification section is 1-3.5 h; and then the wastewater automatically flows into a nitrifying pond, and the nitrifying reaction is carried out through blast aeration, wherein the sludge concentration in a denitrifying pond and the sludge concentration in the nitrifying pond are 15-30 g/L. In the step, iron salt is supplemented in the ammonia stripping process, so that the organic matter removal efficiency is greatly improved, and the wastewater discharge standard is met. And lifting the wastewater after the nitrification reaction by a conveying pump, conveying the wastewater to an ultrafiltration membrane assembly 600 for mud-water separation, returning the treated ultrafiltration concentrated solution back to a denitrification tank, and discharging the ultrafiltration clear solution after reaching the standard. Under the condition of reducing the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the wastewater, MBR treatment is adopted, the ultrafiltration clear liquid is discharged, the wastewater discharge standard is met, and the sludge-water separation device has the advantages of high pollutant removal rate and high sludge-water separation effect.
According to the garbage treatment method, the kitchen garbage is subjected to shaftless spiral conveying and then is mixed with garbage percolate, and before biochemical treatment, the mixed wastewater is subjected to tempering and impurity removal, ammonia stripping is carried out in an ammonia stripping tower filled with iron carbon filler, so that the ammonia nitrogen content in the percolate is reduced, and the biodegradability of the percolate is improved; meanwhile, the kitchen waste is conveyed in a shaftless spiral manner, so that the draining capacity is improved, the water content of materials entering the post-treatment equipment is reduced, and the treatment load of the post-treatment equipment is reduced.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a driving member of the shaftless screw conveyor according to the present invention, and fig. 4 to 5 are schematic structural views of a conveying member of the shaftless screw conveyor according to the present invention.
As shown in the drawing, the driving part of the shaftless screw conveyor comprises a gear motor 1 and a box 3, wherein a spindle 6 of the gear motor 1 penetrates into the box 3 from one end of the box 3 and the end portion extends out from the other end of the box 3, the extending end is provided with a flange, the spindle can be detachably connected with the flange of the end portion of the shaftless screw 16 through bolts, the end face of the other end of the box 3 can be detachably connected with the non-closed end of the casing 15, for example, as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of connecting holes with opposite positions are formed on the end face of the box 3 and the end portion of the non-closed end of the casing 15, and bolts are adopted to sequentially penetrate through the two connecting holes from the inner side of the box 3 to connect and fix the box and the casing. The driving part adopts a box type structure, and the gear motor (main shaft) is directly connected with the shaftless spiral body, a coupler is not required to be added, the disassembly and the maintenance are convenient, the load of the simultaneous action of the bending moment and the axial extrusion force can be borne, the spiral conveying capacity is improved, the conveying energy consumption is reduced, and the ultra-long distance material conveying is more facilitated through a multistage series installation mode. In addition, can set up stainless steel connecting plate 5 at the top of the other end terminal surface of box 3 to can dismantle fixed connection with the apron 25 at casing 15 top, specifically can adopt bolted connection mode, stainless steel connecting plate 5 can be through box terminal surface top along deviating from conveying parts's direction horizontal bending extension formation, in order to avoid the waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall section waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall to get into in the box 3 from the top of box 3.
In addition, the terminal surface inboard of the other end of box 3 just is provided with sealing connection weldment 4 along main shaft 6 periphery, is provided with the packing seal between sealing connection weldment 4 and the main shaft 6, sealing connection weldment 4 welds with casing 15, through sealing connection weldment 4 and packing seal to avoid the waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall to get into in the box 3 from the gap between main shaft 6 periphery and the box 3, improved the operational safety.
In order to further ensure the operation safety in the box body 3, a liquid outlet 14 is arranged at the bottom of the end of the box body 3, even if the draining water enters the box body 3 from the end face, the draining water can be directly discharged from the liquid outlet 14, and after being discharged, the draining water is collected and treated in a concentrated manner and can be drained together with the draining water of the draining water outlet 23 to be mixed with garbage percolate for treatment.
And set up the duplex bearing in box 3 inside, as shown in fig. 3, the duplex bearing can be deep groove ball bearing 9 and aligning roller bearing 11, through duplex bearing cooperation main shaft 6 greatly reduced the distortion and the vibration of shaftless spiral body 16 in the operation process, improved main shaft 6 operation stability, realized dewatering pretreatment when carrying kitchen garbage, improved the waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall effect, reduced the material moisture content that gets into aftertreatment equipment, alleviateed the processing burden.
The inside of the box body 3 is provided with a bearing positioning sleeve 8, a deep groove ball bearing 9, a main shaft protecting cover 10, a self-aligning roller bearing 11, a fastening sleeve 12 and a series of rolling bearing seats 13. The driving part is assembled with the conveying part based on a box type structure, the deep groove ball bearing 9 and the aligning roller bearing 11 are arranged in the box body 3, the axial bearing capacity is increased through the matching of the double bearings and the main shaft 6, the shaftless screw 16 can stably operate even under low speed, and the service life of the wear-resistant nylon plate in the shell 15 is prolonged. In addition, based on the double bearings and under the auxiliary actions of positioning, fastening, supporting and the like of the bearing positioning sleeve 8, the main shaft protecting cover 10, the fastening sleeve 12 and the series rolling bearing seat 13, the running stability of the main shaft 6 is further improved, the transmission efficiency of the device is improved, and the long-distance conveying of kitchen wastes in a serial connection mode by adopting a plurality of shaftless spiral conveying devices is facilitated. The bearings on the two sides of the spindle protecting cover 10 and the gear box of the gear motor need to be supplemented with lubricating oil in time.
In addition, gear motor 1 top is fixed with box 3 connection, and sets up damping rubber 2 between gear motor 1 and the box 3 to improve device running stability, can adopt the double-end screw bolt to assemble gear motor 1 and box 3 fast, simple to operate and stability. A proximity switch detection plate 7 is arranged near one end of the box body 3 to remotely read the running rotating speed in the running process, so that the control and the problem finding are facilitated.
The conveying component comprises a shell 15 and a shaftless screw 16, wherein the shell 15 can be U-shaped or O-shaped, and the conveying component can be specifically selected according to the characteristics of materials and the field environment; stainless steel is adopted to fully adapt to the severe environment of the acid decay of the kitchen waste. In addition, be equipped with apron 25 at casing 15 top, casing 15 and apron 25 cooperation form closed conveying space to avoided the escape of kitchen garbage peculiar smell in the system, reduced the pollution to the environment. A cover plate 25 at one end of the shell 15 is provided with a feed inlet 19, the bottom of the shell 15 at the end is provided with a water draining port 23, the water draining port 23 is positioned at the downstream direction of the feed inlet 19, and the length of the water draining section can be determined according to the water content of materials at different stages of the process; the other end of the shell 15 is provided with a discharge hole 22, and the specific position of the discharge hole 22 is set according to the requirement, for example, the discharge hole can be arranged at the end part of the other end of the shell 15, and can also be arranged at the bottom or the side wall of the shell 15. By arranging the water draining port 23, the feeding port 19 and the discharging port 22 in the above manner, the water draining rate and the conveying effect can be improved. Wherein, the feed inlet 19 extends upwards from the top of the cover plate 25 to form a section of pipe body, the top or side wall of the pipe body is provided with an opening, the specific opening direction is set according to the serial connection requirement, and the mode of extending the pipe body from the top of the cover plate 25 and arranging the feed inlet 19 on the pipe body facilitates the subsequent multistage serial connection installation; in addition, a plurality of feed inlets 19 may be provided, so that the discharge outlets 22 of a plurality of shaftless screw conveyors may be connected to a plurality of feed inlets 19 of the same shaftless screw conveyor, respectively, to perform conveying treatment at the same time, thereby improving conveying efficiency. As shown in fig. 4, a flushing port 24 may be further disposed at one side of the feeding port 19 to flush the feeding port 19, so as to avoid blocking of kitchen waste at the feeding port 19, thereby further improving conveying efficiency.
The shell 15 is formed by rolling stainless steel plates, except for the opening of the feed inlet 19, a cover plate 25 is additionally arranged at the top of the shell 15 to seal the whole transmission process, so that the noise is reduced, and the odor is reduced. Further, the cover plate 25 is in a multi-piece spliced form, and the cover plate 25 and the housing 15 are detachably mounted, for example, in a bolt connection mode, so that subsequent overhaul treatment is facilitated; and the cover plate 25 positioned on one side of the driving part is fixedly connected with the stainless steel connecting plate 5 on the box body 3 through bolts, so that the tightness of the draining section in the shell 15 is improved to a certain extent.
In addition, the shaftless screw conveyor may further include a supporting member mounted below the housing 15 for adjusting the mounting angle of the housing 15, and further adjusting the mounting angle of the shaftless screw 16, and adjusting the mounting angles of the driving member box 3 and the housing 15 in cooperation with the section steel. Wherein the inclination angle of the shaftless spiral body 16 is less than or equal to 30 degrees. The improved shaftless spiral conveying device reduces the inclination angle of the shaftless spiral body, reduces the screw pitch, and has more flexible overall layout and attractive and concise layout.
The shaftless spiral conveying device comprises a feed inlet 19, a draining outlet 23 and a discharge outlet 22, kitchen waste enters through the feed inlet 19, when the shaftless spiral body 16 rotates, the material is subjected to the normal thrust action of blades, so that the material moves towards the discharge outlet 22 and enters post-treatment equipment such as sorting equipment and a solid-liquid separator through the discharge outlet 22, and draining water generated in the conveying process enters the mixing tempering device 100 through the draining outlet 23 to be mixed with garbage percolate, so that loss of organic matters of the material is avoided.
The shaftless spiral conveying device is used for conveying kitchen waste, and due to the fact that the shaftless spiral conveying device is designed without a central shaft, the material is pushed by the aid of the integral steel spiral with certain flexibility, the anti-winding capacity is improved, meanwhile, the conveying capacity is increased, blockage is not easy to occur, even if the shaftless spiral conveying device runs at a low speed, stable transmission can be achieved, energy consumption is reduced, multistage serial installation is achieved, materials are conveyed in an ultra-long distance mode, and arrangement is flexibly adjusted according to application scenes. Compared with the shaft screw conveyer, the improved shaftless screw conveyer has the advantages that the conveying capacity of the shaft screw conveyer is 1.5 times of that of the shaft screw conveyer, the structure is compact, and the material loading and the material unloading are convenient.
In addition, can also set up the sieve mesh in the inside of inlet for water 23, the aperture is 8 ~ 10mm to avoid great granule to drop, also can avoid the sieve mesh too little easily to block up and influence conveying efficiency simultaneously, with the material in-process waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall through inlet for water 23 unified collection, then with the waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall and the landfill leachate mixed treatment of collecting. Further, as shown in fig. 4, a deodorizing port 21 is provided on a cover plate 25 of the housing 15 at a position close to the discharge port 22, that is, near an upper port in the traveling direction of the conveyed material, so as to collect the odor uniformly for deodorizing. In addition, an observation port may be provided in the housing 15, and an access door panel may be provided in the wall of the housing 15 for convenience of access. Through the structure, various problems existing in the processes of liquid phase water outlet, deodorization, observation, overhaul and the like are solved.
The shaftless screw 16 is installed and then positioned in the housing 15, and fig. 5 shows a single screw form, but is not limited thereto, and a double screw structure may be adopted, or one left screw and the other right screw may be used, and coarse crushing and stirring are performed on the basis of conveying, so as to further improve the draining efficiency, and the draining efficiency is specifically selected according to different requirements of the process section.
Preferably, the pitch in the shaftless screw conveyor is controlled between 200mm and 400mm. The inventor controls the screw pitch of the shaftless screw conveying device in the range based on the particularities of kitchen waste material states (such as wet and pasty materials, semi-fluid and viscous materials, materials which are easy to wind and block and materials with special sanitary requirements) and not only powdery materials but also coal bulk materials, and adjusts the inclination angle of the screw to be less than or equal to 30 degrees, thereby improving the draining effect, improving the flexibility of the device, realizing the multistage series connection mode, reducing the installation angle and the screw length, improving the applicability of the device and realizing the long-distance conveying of kitchen waste. When the multiple stages are connected in series, the drained water of each stage is collected and then is subjected to ammonia nitrogen removal and biochemical treatment together with the landfill leachate so as to meet the emission standard.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a shaftless screw conveyor in which a plurality of conveying members are connected in series, which is used in the garbage disposal method according to the present invention.
As shown in the figure, the discharge port at the end of the first shaftless screw conveyor 71 is connected to the feed port on the side wall of the tube at the top of the second shaftless screw conveyor 72, the discharge port at the end of the second shaftless screw conveyor 72 is connected to the feed port on the side wall of the tube at the top of the third shaftless screw conveyor 73, and the discharge port at the end of the third shaftless screw conveyor 73 is connected to the feed port on the side wall of the tube of the fourth shaftless screw conveyor 74, thereby realizing a multistage serial conveying mode, and the angle can be flexibly adjusted. In addition, another feeding hole is further formed in the top of the second shaftless spiral conveying device 72, the top end of the pipe body is open, and a discharging hole in the bottom of the shell of the fifth shaftless spiral conveying device 75 is connected with the feeding hole, so that the first shaftless spiral conveying device 71 and the fifth shaftless spiral conveying device 75 can send kitchen waste into the second shaftless spiral conveying device 72 for synchronous treatment after treatment, and conveying efficiency is improved.
The description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (5)
1. A method of disposing of waste comprising:
pretreating kitchen waste conveyed by a shaftless spiral conveying device; the shaftless spiral conveying device comprises a driving part and a conveying part, wherein the driving part is of a box type structure and comprises a gear motor and a box body, the conveying part comprises a shell with one end not closed and a shaftless spiral body, a main shaft of the gear motor penetrates into the box body from one end of the box body, the end part of the main shaft extends out of the other end of the box body, the main shaft is fixedly connected with an end flange of the shaftless spiral body through a flange of the end part, and the non-closed end of the shell is fixedly connected with the end face of the other end of the box body;
collecting draining generated in the conveying process of the kitchen waste, mixing the draining with garbage percolate, and tempering;
coagulating sedimentation treatment is carried out on the conditioned wastewater by using the mixed coagulant and flocculant, the coagulating reaction time is 10-30 min, and the sedimentation residence time is 2-10 h; wherein the coagulant is metal salt, and the adding amount is 100 mg/L-1000 mg/L; the flocculant is an organic polymeric flocculant or a microbial flocculant, and the adding amount is 1 mg/L-2 mg/L;
performing sand filtration and impurity removal treatment on the supernatant subjected to coagulating sedimentation treatment by adopting a multi-medium filter; wherein, the multi-medium filter adopts pebble layer, quartz sand and active carbon as filter media;
after the wastewater after impurity removal treatment is regulated to be alkaline, ammonia stripping treatment is carried out in an ammonia stripping tower in a jet aeration mode, and the total packing and water volume ratio in the ammonia stripping tower is 1: (1-1.5), hydraulic load 73m 3 /(m 2 ·d)～78m 3 /(m 2 D), gas-water ratio 3400m 3 /m 3 ～3600m 3 /m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein, lay the iron carbon filler in the ammonia stripping tower, lay the proportion as 1:0.5 to 1:1.2;
and (3) recycling ammonia gas generated in the ammonia stripping treatment, performing biochemical treatment on wastewater generated by ammonia stripping by adopting MBR treatment, and discharging ultrafiltration clear liquid after the treatment.
2. The method for treating garbage according to claim 1, wherein the pH value of the wastewater is adjusted to be not less than 10 by adding lime milk.
3. A garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein,
the feeding port, the draining port and the discharging port of the shaftless spiral conveying device are positioned on the conveying component.
4. A garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein,
the inner side of the end face of the other end of the box body is welded with a sealing connection welding piece, and the sealing connection welding piece is arranged along the periphery of the main shaft;
a packing sealing element is arranged between the sealing connection welding element and the main shaft;
the bottom of the box body is provided with a liquid outlet, and the liquid outlet is close to the other end of the box body.
5. A garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein,
the shaftless screw conveyor comprises a plurality of conveying members connected in series.
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