CN115300272A - Special air-inflated mattress device for prone position ventilation and working method thereof - Google Patents
Special air-inflated mattress device for prone position ventilation and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115300272A CN115300272A CN202210958788.1A CN202210958788A CN115300272A CN 115300272 A CN115300272 A CN 115300272A CN 202210958788 A CN202210958788 A CN 202210958788A CN 115300272 A CN115300272 A CN 115300272A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
- A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
- A61G7/065—Rests specially adapted therefor
- A61G7/07—Rests specially adapted therefor for the head or torso, e.g. special back-rests
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
- A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
- A61G7/065—Rests specially adapted therefor
- A61G7/07—Rests specially adapted therefor for the head or torso, e.g. special back-rests
- A61G7/072—Rests specially adapted therefor for the head or torso, e.g. special back-rests for the head only
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
- A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
- A61G7/065—Rests specially adapted therefor
- A61G7/075—Rests specially adapted therefor for the limbs
- A61G7/0755—Rests specially adapted therefor for the limbs for the legs or feet
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G2200/00—Information related to the kind of patient or his position
- A61G2200/30—Specific positions of the patient
- A61G2200/32—Specific positions of the patient lying
- A61G2200/325—Specific positions of the patient lying prone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
- A61G2203/10—General characteristics of devices characterised by specific control means, e.g. for adjustment or steering
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
- A61G2203/30—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
- A61G2203/30—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means
- A61G2203/34—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means for pressure
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nursing (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
- Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a special air mattress device for prone position ventilation and a working method thereof, which mainly comprises an air mattress, an operation panel, an electric control system, an air control system and an air source, wherein the air mattress comprises three air bags, namely a headrest air bag, a body cushion air bag and a foot cushion air bag, and an air mattress sheet connected with the three air bags; wherein: the headrest air bag is arranged at the upper part of the air cushion bed sheet and is in a strip shape; the body cushion air bag is arranged in the middle of the air cushion bed sheet; the front part of the body cushion air bag is cuboid, the rear part of the body cushion air bag is wedge-shaped, a vertical groove is formed in the middle of the rear part of the body cushion air bag, and the body cushion air bag and the headrest air bag are required to be separated by a distance of about 200-300 mm; the foot pad air bag is a strip shape with the same width with the sickbed and is arranged at the lower part of the air cushion bed sheet. The inflatable mattress structure designed by the invention fully considers various factors which are beneficial to the prone ventilation of the patient, is easy to quickly realize and maintain the standard body position and posture required by treatment, is beneficial to achieving the optimal treatment effect, and can improve the comfort level of the patient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a special air mattress device for prone position ventilation.
Background
Patients infected by the novel coronavirus and other severe pulmonary diseases are very easy to have acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS for short) seriously endangering life safety. In the treatment, the prone position ventilation can obviously improve the lung oxygenation capacity of a patient and greatly relieve the dyspnea of the patient, so that the prone position ventilation for tens of hours is required daily for the patient with severe and critical coronavirus pneumonia. In the treatment process, medical staff gradually summarize the optimal body positions for prone position ventilation, and the body positions have good effects on obtaining the optimal treatment effect for patients, improving the comfort of the patients and the like. These posture requirements include (without limitation): assisting the patient to change the body position to the prone position; raising the upper body; padding the forehead; leaving enough space under the face to accommodate an oxygen mask; the oxygen tube can be adjusted at any time when exposed in the visual field range; the stress on each padded part is uniform, so that the increase of local stress is avoided; avoiding long-time extrusion on male genitals; the arm is supported at a comfortable angle, and the elbow angle is more than 80 degrees; the upper arm and the shoulder part are on the same horizontal plane; the knee should be slightly curved, etc.
In the current clinical situation, in order to obtain the required optimal prone position, the medical staff has to repeatedly cushion the head, upper body, shoulders, ankles, etc. of the patient by means of several pillows, towels, blankets or various position pads. During the use of these articles, firstly, many people are needed to assist, secondly, the lifting process is repeated, tedious, thirdly, the posture and the posture are difficult to achieve and maintain the best or the most comfortable effect, and the like.
Meanwhile, the number of close contact with the patient is reduced as much as possible, and the method is also a key and effective epidemic prevention measure for protecting medical care personnel from being infected by the air infectious virus.
The nursing inflatable mattress disclosed at present pays more attention to the comfort of lying of a patient, inflatable air bags corresponding to key parts of the human body are designed on a hospital bed, and the comfort of the patient is improved by massaging the body of the patient through the inflatable air bags. Such as a medical care bed disclosed in chinese patent application No. 202110330517.7. Such as the inflatable mattress with adjustable back and foot angles disclosed in chinese patent application No. 202111260840.8. For example, the prostrate nursing bed disclosed in the Chinese patent application No. 201310742454.1 is mainly suitable for patients who need prostrate rest after back operation and eye operation.
Chinese patent application No. 202111321319.0 discloses a chronic respiratory disease patient rehabilitation nursing pad, which comprises an inflatable mattress assembly, an inflatable air bag assembly, an inflatable pipeline flow dividing control device, an air exhaust pipeline flow dividing control device, an air inflation and deflation host and a control panel. The invention simplifies the body position placing work of body position drainage, effectively avoids long-time compression of the body of a patient, avoids pressure sores and is beneficial to the long-term rehabilitation and nursing of the patient. But it actually drains different positions by pumping and inflating the patient in a supine or side lying passive way, and does not actually enhance the lung oxygenation capacity of the patient, and has little effect on the patient with dyspnea and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Therefore, how to better satisfy the need for the treatment of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and protect the health care workers is a problem that the manufacturers of the related medical devices and health care workers need to solve urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to promote the rehabilitation of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and protect the safety of medical personnel, the invention provides the special prone position ventilation inflatable mattress device which has the advantages of standard body position and posture, comfortable use, convenient operation and high protection safety.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the technical scheme that:
a special air mattress device for prone position ventilation comprises five parts, namely an air mattress, an operation panel, an electric control system, a pneumatic control system and an air source, wherein the air mattress is electrically connected with the electric control system and is connected with the pneumatic control system through an air pipe; wherein:
the headrest air bag is arranged at the upper part of the air cushion bed sheet and is in a strip shape; the distance between the left end and the right end of the headrest air bag and the two ends of the sickbed and the width of the headrest air bag are convenient for placing hands of a patient during ventilation, so that the arms can be supported at a comfortable angle, and the elbow angle is preferably ensured to be more than 80 degrees;
the body cushion air bag is arranged in the middle of the air cushion bed sheet; the front part of the bed is cuboid, and the rear part of the bed is wedge-shaped, so that the stress on the padded part of the body is uniform; a vertical groove is formed in the middle of the rear part of the body cushion air bag to avoid the extrusion of male genitals; the body cushion airbag and the headrest airbag are required to be separated by about 200 mm-300 mm, and the soft air cushion sheet allows the headrest airbag to move downwards and be adjusted to obtain a proper distance gap between the headrest airbag and the body cushion airbag, so that the head can be cushioned, a sufficient space is reserved below the surface of a patient to accommodate an oxygen mask, and an oxygen tube can be easily exposed in the visual field range; the width of the body cushion air bag ensures that the upper arm and the shoulder of the patient can be placed on the same horizontal plane;
the foot pad air bag is a strip shape with the same width as the sickbed and is arranged at the lower part of the air cushion bed sheet, and the foot pad air bag is mainly used for cushioning the ankle so that the knee can be slightly bent; the adaptability of the inflatable mattress to patients with different heights can be adjusted by the opening degree of the legs of the patient or the forward rolling degree of the air bag of the foot pad.
Further: the electric control system mainly has the following functions: firstly, various manual operation instructions from an operation panel are received to realize various manual operations on the whole device; and secondly, the air pressure sensor assembly can detect and acquire air pressure state information of three air bags in real time, and after the air pressure state information is processed and judged by the logic control unit, if a certain air bag needs to be inflated and deflated, the control output unit of the air pressure sensor assembly is triggered to send corresponding control signals to the pneumatic system, so that different reversing action combinations of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly in the pneumatic system are triggered, and the automatic inflation and deflation work of the air bag is automatically completed.
In order to realize the above functions of the electric control system, the electric control system mainly comprises a power switch, an air pressure sensor assembly, a storage unit, a control input unit, a logic control unit, a control output unit and the like; the storage unit is used for storing factory air pressure parameters which are respectively set for the three air bags of the inflatable mattress when the inflatable mattress is delivered from the factory and storing respective working air pressure parameters of the three air bags of the inflatable mattress; the control input unit can receive an operation instruction of the operation panel and can also acquire information about air pressure values of all air bags from the air pressure sensor assembly in real time; the logic control unit can directly send an air charge and discharge control signal to the air control system through the control output unit according to the operation instruction of the operation panel received by the control input unit; the logic control unit can also continuously compare the information about the air pressure value of each air bag from the air pressure sensor assembly acquired by the control input unit in real time with the working air pressure parameters stored in the storage unit, and if a certain air bag needs to be inflated or deflated, the comparison result triggers the control output unit to send an inflation control signal or an deflation control signal to the air control system so as to trigger the corresponding reversing action combination of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly of the air control system, thereby automatically inflating or deflating the air bag.
Further: the three air bags of the inflatable mattress are respectively inflated or deflated in two modes, namely, the three air bags are directly manually operated through corresponding keys on an operation panel; secondly, the automation operation is carried out through an electric control system, and generally, the automation operation process is as follows: the air pressure sensor assembly of the electric control system detects air pressure state information of the three air bags in real time, after the air pressure state information is processed and judged by the logic control unit, if a certain air bag needs to be inflated or deflated, the logic control unit triggers the control output unit to send an inflation control signal or an deflation control signal to the pneumatic system, and then different reversing action combinations of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly in the pneumatic system are triggered, and inflation and deflation of the air bag are automatically completed.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the operation panel is electrically connected with the electric control system and is mainly used for sending various manual operation instructions to the electric control system; the operation panel mainly comprises an ON/OFF key, a factory resetting key, a headrest inflation key, a headrest deflation key, a body cushion inflation key, a body cushion deflation key, a foot cushion inflation key, a foot cushion deflation key, a parameter memory key and a display screen.
Further: the pneumatic control system is mainly used for receiving control signals from the electric control system, so that different reversing action combinations of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly are generated, and the respective inflation or deflation operation of the three air bags of the inflatable mattress is realized.
Further: the pneumatic control system mainly comprises an electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve component, a pneumatic circuit and other pneumatic auxiliary elements.
Further: the air source can be an air compressor or a high-pressure air storage tank, and the air source has the main function of providing sanitary, standard and continuous pressure air for three air bags of the inflatable mattress through different reversing action combinations of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly in the pneumatic system.
The working method of the invention is as follows:
when the inflatable mattress is not used at ordinary times, the air in the three air bags of the inflatable mattress can be completely discharged and then can be placed under a bed sheet of a sickbed without being repeatedly drawn out and cushioned every day.
When the folding bed sheet is used, the bed sheet covered on the folding bed sheet needs to be folded backwards, and the space between the headrest air bag and the body cushion air bag is exposed; then the operation is carried out according to the following steps,
1. the logic control unit automatically enters a working state after the power supply is switched on;
2. the patient adopts a prone position, the upper and lower positions of the headrest air bag are adjusted according to the body condition of the patient, the forward rolling degree of the foot pad air bag is adjusted or the included angle of two legs of the patient on the foot pad air bag is adjusted, so that the forehead, the chest and the feet of the patient are just positioned on the three air bags of the headrest, the body pad and the foot pad;
3. pressing an ON/OFF key ON an operation panel, sending a control signal to a pneumatic control system through an electric control system, triggering corresponding reversing action combinations of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve components, and respectively and quickly inflating three air bags of the inflatable mattress until the air bags respectively reach the working air pressure parameters which are set by the electric control system previously, and automatically stopping inflating by the pneumatic control system; when the working air pressure parameter is just delivered from a factory, the default delivery air pressure parameter is the working air pressure parameter; in the use process, if the factory air pressure parameter or the working air pressure parameter after re-assignment cannot meet the new requirements of the patient, the manual control signal is preferentially sent to the air control system through the electric control system by using the operation panel, the pressure of the three air bags is subjected to manual air pressure fine adjustment until the patient obtains a new optimal body position posture, then a parameter memory key is pressed, the current air pressure values of the three air bags of the inflatable mattress are respectively replaced by the respective past working air pressure parameters of the three air bags in the storage unit of the electric control system to form new working air pressure parameters, and therefore the inflatable mattress can be repeatedly used by the same patient until recovery;
4. when the air pressure of a certain air bag is less than or equal to a certain percentage of the working air pressure parameter of the optimal body position of a patient, the electric control system automatically sends a control signal to the air control system to trigger the corresponding reversing action combination of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve component, and then the air bag is automatically supplemented with air by connecting an air supply until the working air pressure parameter of the air bag is reached;
5. when the work needs to be stopped, an ON/OFF key ON the operation panel is pressed, the electric control system sends a manual control signal to the pneumatic control system to trigger the corresponding reversing action combination of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly, and the three air bags of the inflatable mattress are respectively deflated quickly until the air bags are completely deflated;
6. and cutting off the power supply and finishing the work.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the operation is simple for medical care personnel, the action is rapid, and the requirement on the number of assisting personnel can be reduced;
2. the workload of medical staff for repeatedly handling the patient position adjusting cushion or pillow and the like can be reduced, the contact frequency of the medical staff and the patient in a short distance can be reduced, and the risk of infection of the medical staff is reduced;
3. for the patient, the inflatable mattress structure designed by the invention fully considers various factors beneficial to the prone ventilation of the patient, is easy to quickly realize and maintain the standard body position and posture required by treatment, is beneficial to achieving the optimal treatment effect and improving the comfort level of the patient. When the inflatable mattress is used, factory air pressure parameters of the three air bags are defaulted to be working air pressure parameters of the inflatable mattress, and a factory resetting key on the operation panel can be directly pressed at the beginning stage of use at any time to reset the factory air pressure parameters to be the working air pressure parameters; when the patient feels different and needs to adjust the working air pressure parameters of the three air bags of the inflatable mattress, the three air bags can be manually inflated and deflated respectively through corresponding keys on the operation panel, then parameter memory keys on the operation panel are pressed, the adjusted current air pressure values of the three air bags are respectively replaced by the respective past working air pressure parameters of the three air bags in the storage unit of the electric control system to become new working air pressure parameters, and the new working air pressure parameters are stored in the storage unit for standby, so that the most convenient and favorable treatment position can be repeatedly provided for the patient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the interrelationship and functioning of the five major components that are primarily encompassed by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the principal structure of the airbed of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working procedure of the present invention.
In the figure: 100-inflatable mattress, 101-headrest airbag, 102-body cushion airbag, 103-foot cushion airbag, 104-air cushion bed sheet, 200-electric control system, 300-operation panel, 400-air source, 500-air control system, 501-headrest inflation and deflation pipe, 502-body cushion inflation and deflation pipe, and 503-foot cushion inflation and deflation pipe.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying fig. 1-3, will make the advantages and features of the present invention easier to understand by those skilled in the art, and thus will clearly and clearly define the scope of the present invention.
For convenience of description, factory air pressure parameters of the headrest airbag 101, the body cushion airbag 102, and the foot cushion airbag 103 are denoted by Ptc, psc, and Pjc, respectively; the working air pressure parameters of the headrest air bag 101, the body cushion air bag 102 and the foot cushion air bag 103 are respectively expressed by Ptg, psg and Pjg; the current air pressure values of the headrest airbag 101, body cushion airbag 102, and foot cushion airbag 103 are denoted by Ptd, psd, and Pjd.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention relates to a prone position ventilating special inflatable mattress device, which mainly comprises five parts, namely an operation panel 300, an electric control system 200, an air control system 500, an inflatable mattress 100 and an air source 400, wherein fig. 1 shows the mutual association and interaction of the five parts. Wherein:
the inflatable mattress 100 is electrically connected with the electric control system 200 and is connected with the pneumatic control system 500 through an air pipe; the inflatable mattress 100 mainly comprises a headrest airbag 101, a body cushion airbag 102, a foot cushion airbag 103 and an air cushion sheet 104 connected with the three airbags; the air bag of the headrest air bag 101 is arranged at the upper part of the air cushion bed sheet 104 and is long, the distance between the left end and the right end of the headrest air bag 101 and the two ends of the sickbed is convenient for placing the hands of a patient during ventilation, so that the arms can be supported at a comfortable angle, and the width of the headrest air bag 101 is preferably 200mm; the body cushion air bag 102 is arranged in the middle of the air cushion bed sheet 104, the front part of the body cushion air bag is cuboid, the rear part of the body cushion air bag is wedge-shaped, so that the stress on the body cushion part is uniform, a vertical groove with the width of about 150mm is formed in the middle of the rear part of the body cushion air bag 102, the purpose of forming the vertical groove is to avoid the extrusion on male genitals, when the groove is formed, the body cushion air bag can be completely formed on the inclined plane of the body cushion air bag 102, or one part of the body cushion air bag is formed on the inclined plane, and the other part of the body cushion air bag is formed on the inclined plane, preferably to the bottom of the inclined plane (as shown in fig. 2); the body cushion airbag 102 and the headrest airbag 101 are spaced by about 200 mm-300 mm (preferably 260-300 mm), and the soft air cushion sheet 104 allows the headrest airbag 101 to move up and down properly to adjust to obtain a proper distance gap between the headrest airbag 101 and the body cushion airbag 102, so that the head can be padded, and a sufficient space is left below the surface of a patient to accommodate an oxygen mask, and the oxygen tube can be easily exposed in the visual field; the body cushion air bag 102 is as wide as a sickbed as possible so as to ensure that the upper arm and the shoulder of the patient can be placed on the same horizontal plane and well supported; the foot pad air bag 103 is arranged at the lower part of the air cushion bed sheet 104 and is in a strip shape with the same width as the sickbed, the foot pad air bag 103 is mainly used for cushioning the ankle, so that the knee can be slightly bent, and the adaptability of the inflatable mattress 100 to patients with different heights can be adjusted through the expansion degree of the leg part of the patient being lapped on the foot pad air bag 103 or the forward rolling degree of the foot pad air bag 103;
the inflatable mattress 100 of the invention is mainly used for providing standard and comfortable prone position and posture for patients, and there are two operation modes for respectively inflating or deflating the three air bags of the inflatable mattress 100, namely, the prior (relative to automatic control) manual operation is directly carried out through corresponding keys on an operation panel; secondly, the automatic operation is carried out through an electric control system, and the automatic operation process is as follows: the control input unit of the electronic control system 200 collects the air pressure state information of the three air bags detected by the air pressure sensor assembly in real time, and after the operation processing and judgment of the logic control unit, if a certain air bag needs to be inflated or deflated, the control input unit is triggered to send an inflation control signal or a deflation control signal to the pneumatic system 500, so as to trigger different reversing action combinations of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly in the pneumatic system 500, and automatically complete the inflation and deflation work of the air bag until the requirements are met.
The operation panel 300 is electrically connected with the electric control system 200, the operation panel 300 mainly comprises an ON/OFF key, a factory resetting key, a headrest airbag inflation key, a headrest airbag deflation key, a body cushion airbag inflation key, a body cushion airbag deflation key, a foot cushion airbag inflation key, a foot cushion airbag deflation key, a parameter memory key and a display screen, and the operation panel 300 is mainly used for sending a priority (relative to automatic operation) manual operation instruction (all mature technologies) to the electric control system 200. The specific operation method comprises the following steps: starting and ending the work by pressing the ON/OFF key; when a factory resetting key is pressed, the storage unit of the electronic control system 200 will reset factory air pressure parameters Ptc, psc and Pjc set at factory to working air pressure parameters Ptg, psg and Pjg of three air bags of the inflatable mattress 100 and store the parameters at any time; the headrest airbag inflation key, the headrest airbag deflation key, the body cushion airbag inflation key, the body cushion airbag deflation key, the foot cushion airbag inflation key and the foot cushion airbag deflation key are pressed respectively, control signals can be sent to the pneumatic control system 500 through the electric control system 200 preferentially (relative to automatic operation) to trigger the corresponding reversing action combination of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly, so that manual inflation and deflation work of the three airbags, namely the headrest airbag 101, the body cushion airbag 102 and the foot cushion airbag 103, of the inflatable mattress 100 is realized respectively, and a patient can obtain the optimal and most comfortable body position and posture; when the patient obtains a new optimal posture, the patient can press the parameter memory key to respectively replace the past working air pressure parameters of the three air bags in the storage unit of the electric control system 200 by the current air pressure values Ptd, psd and Pjd of the three air bags of the inflatable mattress 100 to form new working air pressure parameters Ptg, psg and Pjg; the display screen automatically displays real-time air pressure parameters of each air bag, namely current air pressure values Ptd, psd and Pjd, and the air charging and discharging working states and the like of the air bags;
the electric control system 200 is electrically connected with the operation panel 300, the inflatable mattress 100 and the pneumatic control system 500, the electric control system 200 can be developed based on PLC and mainly comprises a power switch, an air pressure sensor assembly, a storage unit, a control input unit, a logic control unit, a control output unit and the like, and the electric control system 200 completes the output distribution of inflation or deflation control signals of different air bags by means of the logic control unit: the logic control unit can directly send out an inflation and deflation control signal to the air control system 500 through the control output unit according to a priority (relative to automatic operation) operation instruction of the operation panel 300 received by the control input unit, and respectively complete manual operation of inflation or deflation on the three air bags of the inflatable mattress 100; the logic control unit can also obtain air pressure condition information Ptd, psd and Pjd of the three air bags of the headrest air bag 101, the body cushion air bag 102 and the foot cushion air bag 103 of the inflatable mattress 100 according to the air pressure values from the air pressure sensor assembly acquired by the control input unit in real time, and continuously compares the air pressure condition information with working air pressure parameters Ptg, psg and Pjg stored in the storage unit respectively, if a certain air bag needs to be inflated or deflated, the comparison result triggers the control output unit to send an inflation control signal or an deflation control signal to the air control system 500 so as to trigger a corresponding reversing action combination of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly of the pneumatic control system 500, and thus the air bag of the inflatable mattress 100 is automatically inflated or deflated. (all are mature technologies).
The storage unit of the electric control system 200 of the present invention is mainly used for storing the factory air pressure parameters Ptc, psc, pjc respectively set for the three air bags of the air mattress 100 when the air mattress is shipped, and storing the respective working air pressure parameters Ptg, psg, pjg, etc. of the three air bags of the air mattress 100.
The pneumatic control system 500 mainly comprises an electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly, a pneumatic circuit and other pneumatic auxiliary elements, the pneumatic control system 500 is mainly used for receiving control signals of the electric control system 200, so that different reversing action combinations of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly are generated, and the respective inflation or deflation operations (all mature technologies) of the three air bags of the inflatable mattress 100 are respectively realized through a headrest inflation/deflation pipe 501, a body cushion inflation/deflation pipe 502 and a foot cushion inflation/deflation pipe 503.
The air source 400 is connected with the pneumatic control system 500 through an air pipe, the air source 400 can be an air compressor or a high-pressure air storage tank, and the air source 400 mainly has the function of providing sanitary, standard and continuous pressure air (all mature technologies) for three air bags of the inflatable mattress through different reversing action combinations of an electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly in the pneumatic control system 500.
The application method of the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
when the air-inflated mattress is not used at ordinary times, after the air in the three air bags of the air-inflated mattress 100 is completely released, the air-inflated mattress can be placed under a bed sheet of a sickbed without being repeatedly pulled out and placed under the mattress every day.
Before use, the bed sheet covered on the bed sheet is folded backwards to expose the space between the headrest air bag 101 and the body cushion air bag 102.
In normal use:
1. the logic control unit automatically enters a working state after the power supply is switched on;
2. the patient adopts a prone position, the prone posture of the patient is adjusted, the shoulder of the patient is arranged at the edge position of the cuboid-shaped upper part of the body cushion air bag 102, the chest and the abdomen of the patient are approximately attached to the cuboid of the body cushion air bag 102, the thigh part of the patient is approximately attached to the wedge position of the body cushion air bag 102, the body of the patient is placed on the mattress in a centered and symmetrical mode, the front and back positions of the headrest air bag 101 are slightly adjusted, the forehead of the patient is arranged on the headrest air bag 101, and meanwhile, the worn breathing mask can be just positioned at the neutral position between the body cushion air bag 102 and the headrest air bag 101 when in work; the two arms of the patient are stretched forwards and placed at the vacant positions at the two ends of the headrest air bag 101, the two knees of the patient fall on the air cushion bed sheet 104, the two feet are lapped on the foot cushion air bag 103, if the two feet are lapped at the position outside the foot cushion air bag 103, the two feet of the patient can be separated by a few degrees, and if the two feet are not enough to reach the foot cushion air bag 103, the foot cushion air bag 103 can be rolled inwards for a distance in the head direction;
3. when the ON/OFF key ON the operation panel 300 is pressed, the electronic control system 200 will send a control signal to the pneumatic control system 500 to automatically and rapidly inflate the three air bags of the inflatable mattress 100 respectively until the three air bags respectively reach the set working air pressure parameters Ptg, psg and Pjg, and the pneumatic control system 500 stops inflating. Then each air bag enters a working air pressure maintaining state, correct arrangement of prone position ventilation postures of the patients and preparation of ventilation and detection facilities (including oxygen tubes, electrocardiographs, sphygmomanometers and the like) can be further completed under the help of doctors, and prone position ventilation work of the patients is started;
the working air pressure parameters Ptg, psg and Pjg used for starting the device can be factory default factory air pressure parameters Ptc, psc and Pjc, or working air pressure parameters Ptg, psg and Pjg set by the previous work, when the default factory air pressure parameters Ptc, psc and Pjc or the working air pressure parameters Ptg, psg and Pjg set by the previous work cause the patient to feel uncomfortable or are not beneficial to the ventilation of the patient, a priority manual control signal is sent to the air control system 500 through the operation panel 300 and the electric control system 200 to trigger the corresponding reversing action combination of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly, thus realizing the manual inflation and deflation of the three air bags of the headrest 101, the body cushion 102 and the foot cushion 103 of the inflatable mattress 100 respectively to adjust the air pressure of the three air bags until the patient feels comfortable, then pressing the parameter memory key of the operation panel, and respectively replacing the respective past working air pressure parameters of the three air bags in the storage unit of the electric control system by the current air pressure values Ptd, psd and Pjd of the three air bags of the inflatable mattress into new working air pressure parameters Ptg, psg and Pjg, thus being used repeatedly by the same patient until the recovery;
4. when the air pressure sensor assembly of the electronic control system 200 monitors that the air pressure of a certain air bag is less than or equal to 90% of the set working air pressure parameter (or can be adjusted), after the operation processing of the logic control unit, the air bag is judged to be needed to be inflated, then the control output unit of the electronic control system 200 is triggered to automatically send a corresponding inflation control signal to the air control system 500, the reversing action combination of the corresponding electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly of the air control system 500 is triggered, the air source 400 is further connected to automatically inflate the air bag until the working air pressure parameter of the air bag is reached, and then the air bag enters the working air pressure maintaining state again;
5. when the work needs to be stopped, the ON/OFF key ON the operation key 300 is pressed, the electric control system 200 sends a manual control signal to the air control system 500 to trigger the corresponding reversing action combination of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly, and the three air bags of the inflatable mattress 100 are respectively deflated rapidly until the air bags are completely deflated;
6. and cutting off the power supply and finishing the work.
The operation method and program of the present apparatus will be explained with reference to fig. 3;
after the power is switched on, the logic control unit automatically enters an operation state;
the first step is as follows: firstly, it is determined whether the working air pressure parameters Ptg, psg, pjg of the inflatable mattress 100 to be used need to be restored to the factory air pressure parameters Ptc, psc, pjc? If necessary, press the factory reset key of the operation panel 300, if not, go to the second step directly;
the second step: automatically reading the recently set working air pressure parameters as the working air pressure parameters Ptg, psg and Pjg at the time;
the third step: pressing an ON/OFF key of the operation panel 300, sending a control signal to the pneumatic control system 500 through a control output unit of the electronic control system 200, triggering a reversing action combination of a corresponding electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve component in the pneumatic control system 500, and rapidly inflating each air bag until respective working air pressure parameters are reached, wherein the inflation is automatically stopped;
the fourth step: when the patient feels dissatisfied with the current air pressure value, an inflation key or a deflation key of the corresponding air bag on the operation panel 300 is pressed to manually inflate and deflate until the patient is satisfied; then, a parameter memory key of the operation panel 300 is pressed, and the current air pressure values Ptd, psd and Pjd are set as new working air pressure parameters Ptg, psg and Pjg, so that the complexity of adjusting the air pressure values for each use of the same patient can be avoided;
otherwise, directly entering the fifth step;
the fifth step: each air bag enters a working air pressure maintaining state;
and a sixth step: when the air pressure sensor assembly of the electronic control system 200 detects that the air pressure of a certain air bag is less than or equal to 90% of the set working air pressure parameter (or can be adjusted), after the operation processing of the logic control unit, the air bag is judged to be required to be inflated, then the control output unit of the electronic control system 200 is triggered to send a corresponding inflation control signal to the air control system 500, the corresponding electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly reversing action combination of the air control system 500 is triggered, the air source 400 is further connected to automatically inflate the air bag, until the working air pressure parameter of the air bag is reached, the electronic control system 200 automatically controls the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly in the air control system 500 to act, so that the air source 400 is cut off, the inflation is stopped, the air bag returns to the fifth-step working air pressure maintaining state again, and other air bags are all operated in the same way;
the seventh step: when the air-inflated mattress does not need to work, the on-off key of the operation panel 300 is pressed, the electric control system 200 sends a manual control signal to the air control system 500 to trigger the corresponding reversing action combination of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly, and the three air bags of the air-inflated mattress 100 are respectively deflated rapidly until the air bags are completely deflated.
Eighth step: and cutting off the power supply and finishing the work.
The reason why the body cushion airbag 102 and the headrest airbag 101 are spaced apart by about 200mm to 300mm is described below according to the national standard for human body size of adults in the people's republic of china GB 10000 to 88.
According to the introduction of GB 10000-88, the distance between the eyes of about 99% male adults and the shoulders of about 99% female adults is less than or equal to 211mm, and the distance between the eyes of about 99% female adults and the shoulders of about 99% female adults and 194mm, during actual design, the distance between the body cushion airbag 102 and the headrest airbag 101 can be slightly longer than the sizes, and in addition, the soft air cushion bed sheet 104 allows the headrest airbag 101 to properly move downwards and adjust to obtain a proper oxygen mask neutral position, and therefore, the distance between the body cushion airbag 102 and the headrest airbag 101 is designed to be 200 mm-300 mm. Further, according to the above national standards, the forearm length of about 99% of male adults is 268mm or less, the forearm length of about 99% of female adults is 242mm or less, and when there is a neutral position of 460mm or more in front of the body cushion airbag 102 (260 mm (distance between the body cushion airbag and the headrest airbag) +200 (width of the headrest airbag) =460 mm), and the upper arm is substantially placed at the upper front position of the body cushion airbag 102, the forearm can be substantially unfolded at will, and the elbow angle is easily ensured to be 90 ° or more, and in view of this, the interval between the body cushion airbag 102 and the headrest airbag 101 is preferably 260mm or more. The dimensions of the other parts of the three airbags can be optimally designed with reference to the above criteria.
The invention not only can provide standard and comfortable prone position ventilation posture for acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by a novel coronavirus infected person, but also can be used for prone position ventilation medical treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome patients caused by other various diseases.
The electric control system can also be designed by adopting other electronic components such as a single chip microcomputer and the like.
By means of the invention, one-to-many control can be realized, namely, one set of electric control system is adopted to complete the work control of a plurality of inflatable mattresses.
Claims (8)
1. A special air mattress device for ventilation in prone position mainly comprises five parts of an air mattress, an operation panel, an electric control system, a pneumatic control system and a gas source, wherein the air mattress is electrically connected with the electric control system and is connected with the pneumatic control system through a gas pipe; wherein:
the headrest air bag is arranged at the upper part of the air cushion bed sheet and is in a strip shape; the distance between the left end and the right end of the headrest air bag and the two ends of the sickbed and the width of the headrest air bag are convenient for placing the hands of a patient during ventilation, so that the arms can be supported at a comfortable angle;
the body cushion air bag is arranged in the middle of the air cushion bed sheet; the front part of the bed is cuboid, and the rear part of the bed is wedge-shaped, so that the stress on the padded part of the body is uniform; a vertical groove is formed in the middle of the rear part of the body cushion air bag to avoid the extrusion of male genitals; the body cushion airbag and the headrest airbag are required to be separated by a distance of 200 mm-300 mm, and the soft air cushion sheet allows the headrest airbag to move downwards and be adjusted to obtain a proper distance gap between the headrest airbag and the body cushion airbag, so that the head can be padded, a sufficient space is reserved below the surface of a patient to accommodate an oxygen mask, and an oxygen tube can be easily exposed in a visual field range; the width of the body cushion air bag ensures that the upper arm and the shoulder of the patient can be placed on the same horizontal plane;
the foot pad air bag is a strip shape with the same width as the sickbed and is arranged at the lower part of the air cushion bed sheet, and the foot pad air bag is mainly used for cushioning the ankle so that the knee can be slightly bent; the adaptability of the inflatable mattress to patients with different heights can be adjusted through the opening degree of the legs of the patient or the forward rolling degree of the air bag of the foot pad.
2. The special aerated mattress device for prone position ventilation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electric control system mainly comprises a power switch, an air pressure sensor component, a storage unit, a control input unit, a logic control unit and a control output unit; the storage unit stores factory air pressure parameters which are respectively set for the three air bags of the inflatable mattress when the inflatable mattress leaves a factory, and stores respective working air pressure parameters of the three air bags of the inflatable mattress; the control input unit can receive an operation instruction of the operation panel and can also acquire information about air pressure values of all air bags from the air pressure sensor assembly in real time; the logic control unit can directly send an air charge and discharge control signal to the air control system through the control output unit according to the operation instruction of the operation panel received by the control input unit; the logic control unit can also continuously compare the information about the air pressure value of each air bag from the air pressure sensor assembly acquired by the control input unit in real time with the working air pressure parameters stored in the storage unit, and if a certain air bag needs to be inflated or deflated, the comparison result triggers the control output unit to send an inflation control signal or an deflation control signal to the air control system so as to trigger the corresponding reversing action combination of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly of the air control system, thereby automatically inflating or deflating the air bag.
3. The special air mattress device for prone position ventilation as claimed in claim 2, wherein there are two ways of inflating or deflating the three air cells of the air mattress, one is manual operation directly through corresponding keys on the operation panel; secondly, the automation operation is carried out through an electric control system, and generally, the automation operation process is as follows: the air pressure sensor assembly of the electric control system detects air pressure state information of the three air bags in real time, after the air pressure state information is processed and judged by the logic control unit, if a certain air bag needs to be inflated or deflated, the logic control unit triggers the control output unit to send an inflation control signal or an deflation control signal to the pneumatic system, and then different reversing action combinations of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly in the pneumatic system are triggered, and inflation and deflation of the air bag are automatically completed.
4. The special inflatable mattress device for prone position ventilation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the operation panel is electrically connected with the electric control system, and is mainly used for sending various manual operation instructions to the electric control system; the operation panel mainly comprises an ON/OFF key, a factory resetting key, a headrest inflation key, a headrest deflation key, a body cushion inflation key, a body cushion deflation key, a foot cushion inflation key, a foot cushion deflation key, a parameter memory key and a display screen.
5. The special prone position ventilating air mattress device according to claim 2, wherein the air control system is mainly used for receiving control signals from the electric control system, so that different reversing action combinations of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly are generated, and the respective inflating or deflating operation of the three air bags of the air mattress is realized.
6. The special air mattress device for prone position ventilation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air control system mainly comprises an electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly, a pneumatic circuit and other pneumatic auxiliary elements.
7. The special aerated mattress device for prone position ventilation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air source is an air compressor or a high pressure air storage tank.
8. The working method of the prone position ventilation dedicated air mattress device as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
when the inflatable mattress is not used at ordinary times, the inflatable mattress can be placed under a bed sheet of a sickbed after air in the three air bags of the inflatable mattress is completely discharged, and the inflatable mattress does not need to be repeatedly drawn out and placed under the mattress every day;
when the folding bed sheet is used, the bed sheet covered on the folding bed sheet needs to be folded backwards, and the space between the headrest air bag and the body cushion air bag is exposed; then the operation is carried out according to the following steps;
1. the logic control unit automatically enters a working state after the power supply is switched on;
2. the patient adopts a prone position, the upper position and the lower position of the headrest air bag are adjusted according to the body condition of the patient, the forward rolling degree of the foot pad air bag is adjusted or the included angle of two legs of the patient put on the foot pad air bag is adjusted, so that the forehead, the chest and the feet of the patient are just positioned on the three air bags of the headrest, the body pad and the foot pad;
3. pressing an ON/OFF key ON an operation panel, sending a control signal to a pneumatic control system through an electric control system, triggering corresponding reversing action combinations of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve components, and respectively and quickly inflating three air bags of the inflatable mattress until the air bags respectively reach the working air pressure parameters which are set by the electric control system previously, and automatically stopping inflating by the pneumatic control system; when the working air pressure parameter is just delivered from a factory, the default delivery air pressure parameter is the working air pressure parameter; in the use process, if the factory air pressure parameter or the working air pressure parameter after re-assignment cannot meet the new requirements of the patient, the manual control signal is preferentially sent to the air control system through the electric control system by using the operation panel, the pressure of the three air bags is subjected to manual air pressure fine adjustment until the patient obtains a new optimal body position posture, then a parameter memory key is pressed, the current air pressure values of the three air bags of the inflatable mattress are respectively replaced by the respective past working air pressure parameters of the three air bags in the storage unit of the electric control system to form new working air pressure parameters, and therefore the inflatable mattress can be repeatedly used by the same patient until recovery;
4. when the air pressure of a certain air bag is less than or equal to a certain percentage of the working air pressure parameter of the optimal body position of a patient, the electric control system automatically sends a control signal to the air control system to trigger the corresponding reversing action combination of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve component, and then the air bag is automatically supplemented with air by connecting an air supply until the working air pressure parameter of the air bag is reached;
5. when the air-inflated mattress needs to stop working, an ON/OFF key ON an operation panel is pressed, an electric control system sends a manual control signal to an air control system to trigger a corresponding reversing action combination of the electromagnetic pneumatic reversing valve assembly, and three air bags of the air-inflated mattress are respectively deflated rapidly until the air bags are completely deflated;
6. and cutting off the power supply and finishing the work.
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