CN115281144A - Land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding system and method - Google Patents
Land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding system and method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii culture system which comprises a land-based round pond, a sewage collecting pipe, layered discs, an oxygenation device, a sewage discharging device, a tail water treatment facility and a water inlet device, wherein a water inlet is formed in the top of the land-based round pond, the bottom of the land-based round pond is in a funnel shape, the vertical sewage collecting pipe is fixed in the land-based round pond through a support, the outer wall of the sewage collecting pipe is sleeved with a plurality of layered discs which are arranged up and down, the land-based round pond is divided into a plurality of culture areas by the layered discs, the middle parts of the layered discs are low and high, the middle parts of the layered discs are solid, the peripheral parts of the layered discs are screens, and sewage collecting through holes are formed in the sewage collecting pipes corresponding to each layered disc; the waste fitting discharging including preventing escaping sieve, blow off pipe I and water level balance pipe, prevent escaping the bottom that the sieve located land-based round pond, prevent escaping and set up the connecting hole on the sieve, dirty pipe lower extreme of collection inserts in the connecting hole and prevents escaping the sieve and be connected, I one end of blow off pipe intercommunication land-based round pond bottom, other end intercommunication tail water treatment facilities just at this end grafting balance pipe, the vertical setting of balance pipe for the water level of balanced land-based round pond and through pulling out the sewage in the discharge land-based round pond. The invention can realize high-density multi-layer culture of the macrobrachium rosenbergii, reduce mutual residue of the macrobrachium rosenbergii and improve the yield and the benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii aquaculture system and an aquaculture method.
Background
The macrobrachium rosenbergii is an economic shrimp with fast growth speed, wide food recipe and rich nutrition, and has thin shell, fat body, fresh and tender meat and delicious taste. The macrobrachium rosenbergii develops rapidly since the artificial culture of the macrobrachium rosenbergii starts. The macrobrachium rosenbergii is introduced in 1976 in China, and is now bred in Guangdong, guangxi, hunan and other provinces, so that obvious economic benefits are obtained, the market demand is high, and the demand for supply is short. Because the macrobrachium rosenbergii belongs to the field of strong consciousness, is good at fighting and has the habit of killing each other, the problem of mutual killing of the macrobrachium rosenbergii is not solved in the current high-density intensive culture of the macrobrachium rosenbergii, a good culture effect cannot be obtained, and the development of the shrimp culture industry is always puzzled.
Therefore, according to the living characteristics of the macrobrachium rosenbergii, a land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii culture system and a culture method are developed, mutual residue of the macrobrachium rosenbergii is reduced or eliminated, high-density culture is realized, and the improvement of yield and benefit are necessary trends for realizing green, healthy and high-quality development of aquaculture industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems existing in the existing macrobrachium rosenbergii cultivation, the invention provides a land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii cultivation system and a land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii cultivation method, which can realize high-density multi-level cultivation of macrobrachium rosenbergii, reduce mutual residues of the macrobrachium rosenbergii and improve the yield and the benefit.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii culture system comprises a land-based round pond, a sewage collecting pipe, layered discs, an oxygenation device, a sewage discharge device, a tail water treatment facility and a water inlet device, wherein a water inlet is formed in the top of the land-based round pond, the bottom of the land-based round pond is in a funnel shape, a vertical sewage collecting pipe is fixed in the land-based round pond through a support, a plurality of layered discs which are arranged up and down are sleeved on the outer wall of the sewage collecting pipe, the land-based round pond is divided into a plurality of culture areas by the layered discs, the middle of each layered disc is low, two sides of each layered disc are high, the middle of each layered disc is solid, the peripheral part of each layered disc is a screen, and a sewage collecting through hole is formed in the sewage collecting pipe corresponding to each layered disc; the sewage discharging device comprises an anti-escape sieve, a sewage discharging pipe I and a water level balancing pipe, wherein the anti-escape sieve is arranged at the bottom of the land-based circular pool, a connecting hole is formed in the anti-escape sieve, the lower end of the sewage collecting pipe is inserted into the connecting hole and connected with the anti-escape sieve, one end of the sewage discharging pipe I is communicated with the bottom of the land-based circular pool, the other end of the sewage discharging pipe I is communicated with a tail water treatment facility, the balancing pipe is inserted into the tail water treatment facility and is vertically arranged, and the sewage discharging pipe is used for balancing the water level of the land-based circular pool and discharging sewage in the land-based circular pool through pulling; the tail water treatment facility comprises a sewage collecting well, an anaerobic fermentation tank, a sedimentation tank, an oxygen aeration tank and an ecological purification tank, wherein a sewage discharge pipe I is communicated with the bottom of the sewage collecting well, the bottom end of the sewage collecting well is connected with a sewage discharge pipe II, and the sewage discharge pipe II is communicated with the anaerobic fermentation tank; the sewage collecting well is communicated with the sedimentation tank through a drain pipe, and the sedimentation tank, the aeration tank and the ecological purification tank are communicated in sequence; the water inlet device is connected between the water outlet of the ecological purification tank and the water inlet of the land-based circular tank and is used for recycling the treated water; the aeration device comprises an aerator, a gas pipe and a plurality of aeration pipes which are connected in sequence and respectively surround the inner wall of the land-based circular pool between the layered disks.
Preferably, the water inlet device comprises a delivery pump and a delivery pipe, the delivery pump is arranged in the ecological purification tank, the output end of the delivery pump is connected with the delivery pipe, the delivery pipe is connected with the water inlet of the land-based circular tank and is connected with a water inlet elbow at the end, the water inlet elbow is 100-130 degrees and can rotate at 180 degrees, and a double-layer 70-mesh filter screen is sleeved on the water inlet elbow. .
Preferably, the volume of the anaerobic fermentation tank is 1/5 of the volume of the land-based circular tank, and the total volume of the sedimentation tank, the aeration tank and the ecological purification tank is 4/5 of the volume of the land-based circular tank.
Preferably, the number of the layered disks is three, the distance between the layered disks is 0.3m, and the gradient of the layered disks is 10 o -20 o 。
Preferably, the sedimentation tank is provided with a brush for filtering suspended matters and sterilizing and an ultraviolet lamp; the aeration tank is internally provided with a nano aeration pipe, and the biological purification tank is used for placing biological floating balls and stocking filter-feeding fishes.
The invention provides a land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding method which comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing a culture system: storing water in a land-based circular pond for more than 1 meter 7-10 days before fry stocking, storing the water in a sedimentation tank, an aeration tank and a biological purification tank for 2/3 of the volume, adding quicklime for disinfection, and after disinfection for 2-3 days, adding diatom, EM (effective microorganisms) and nutrient solution into the land-based circular pond, the sedimentation tank, the aeration tank and the biological purification tank for cultivation after toxicity is dissipated, so that biological floccules are formed in the circular cultivation tank and the biological purification tank;
2) Fry stocking: performing water quality detection 1 day before stocking the fries, after the detection is qualified, splashing vitamin C in a full pool 30 min before stocking the fries to prevent the shrimp fries from entering the pool to generate stress reaction, and putting the macrobrachium rosenbergii fries with the specification of 1.2-2 cm into the pool, wherein the stocking density is 280-320 per cubic meter; carp, silver carp and bighead carp fries with the specification of 5-10cm are put into the aeration tank and the biological purification tank, and the stocking density is 10-20 per cubic meter;
3) Daily management: feeding a compound feed with the protein content of 35-41%, feeding for 2-3 times daily, uniformly scattering the feed on a solid disc of a layered disc, regulating and controlling the daily feeding amount according to the growth stage and the pond storage amount of the shrimps, wherein the daily feeding amount is 3-6% of the pond storage amount of the macrobrachium rosenbergii, discharging pollution from the bottom of a pond by drawing a balance pipe after feeding for 2 hours, and the pollution discharge time is based on the discharge of culture tail water without obvious solid excrement and peculiar smell; fresh water is properly supplemented to the biological purification tank every 2 days to make up for water loss caused by evaporation, pollution discharge and the like, and a water inlet is filtered by a double-layer 40-mesh filter screen to play a role in filtering pathogenic microorganisms; detecting the water quality every 3-5 days, and regulating and controlling the water quality by changing the oxygen increasing amount and the water changing amount; the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water is kept above 5mg/L, the pH value is 7.8-8.5, the ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 0.6 mg/L, and the nitrite nitrogen is less than or equal to 0.03 mg/L;
4) Maintenance of a culture system: the anaerobic fermentation tank periodically pumps fermented organic fertilizer to avoid overflowing; supplementing EM (effective microorganisms), bacillus and a carbon source to the land-based circular pool and the biological purification pool every half month to ensure the stability of biological floccules in the land-based circular pool and the biological purification pool; the layered disc and the water inlet filter screen are cleaned once every 7 days, so that a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms are prevented from breeding;
5) Fishing: after 3-4 months of breeding, fishing the macrobrachium rosenbergii for the first time according to the principle of catching large shrimps and keeping small shrimps, and fishing more than 18-22 g of grown shrimps emphatically; after 5 months of feeding, the adult shrimps are thoroughly fished for the second time.
Wherein, the sterilization method for the layered disc and the escape-proof sieve in the step 1) comprises the following steps: 1, according to volume ratio: and 6, mixing an alkaline glutaraldehyde solution with the mass concentration of 2% and an ethanol solution with the volume concentration of 75% to obtain a disinfectant, immersing the cleaned layered disc and the cleaned escape-proof sieve into the disinfectant, taking out the cleaned layered disc and the cleaned escape-proof sieve after 24 hours, and washing the cleaned layered disc and the cleaned escape-proof sieve with clean water.
Wherein the daily feeding amount of the step 3) is 3-6% of the pond amount of the macrobrachium rosenbergii, the daily feeding amount of the juvenile shrimps is 4-6% of the pond amount of the macrobrachium rosenbergii, the daily feeding amount of the adult shrimps is 3-4% of the pond amount of the shrimp, the calculating method of the pond amount of the shrimp is to randomly sample more than 30 shrimps, and the average weight is weighed and calculated, wherein the pond amount of the shrimp = average weight x seedling release amount x survival rate.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: under the condition of not increasing the land-based circular pond culture volume, the inhabitation space of the macrobrachium rosenbergii can be separated, the mutual interference among the macrobrachium rosenbergii is reduced, and the culture survival rate of the macrobrachium rosenbergii and the culture yield of a unit culture water body are improved. Simultaneously through dirty blowdown of collection pipe and bottom blow off pipe in time collection dirt blowdown, the solid excrement removal rate reaches more than 70%, reduces the influence of aquaculture water solid excrement and its erosion to aquaculture water, very big reduction breed pond quality of water regulation and control cost and the degree of difficulty, and breed tail water treatment facilities will breed tail water solid-liquid separation classification and handle and greatly improve and breed tail water treatment efficiency, realize that the breed tail water is up to standard and cyclic utilization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a layered disk of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the oxygen increasing device of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, land-based circular pool, 2, sewage collecting pipe, 2.1, sewage collecting through hole, 3, layered disc, 4, support, 5, escape-proof sieve, 6, oxygenation pipe, 7, sewage discharging pipe I, 8, balance pipe, 9, sewage collecting well, 10, sewage discharging pipe II, 11, anaerobic fermentation tank, 12, sedimentation tank, 13, aeration tank, 14, ecological purification tank, 15, delivery pump, 16, delivery pipeline, 17, oxygen-increasing machine, 18, gas delivery pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the land-based round pond multi-layer macrobrachium rosenbergii culture system provided by the invention comprises a land-based round pond 1, a sewage collecting pipe 2, layered discs 3, an oxygenation device, a sewage discharging device, a tail water treatment facility and a water inlet device, wherein a water inlet is arranged at the top of the land-based round pond 1, the bottom of the land-based round pond 1 is funnel-shaped, the vertical sewage collecting pipe 2 is fixed in the land-based round pond 1 through a support 4, namely the support 4 is connected between the sewage collecting pipe 2 and the inner wall of the land-based round pond 1, the outer wall of the sewage collecting pipe 2 is sleeved with a plurality of layered discs 3 which are arranged up and down, the layered discs 3 divide the land-based round pond 1 into a plurality of culture areas, the middle of each layered disc 3 is low and the two sides are high, the middle part of each layered disc 3 is solid, the peripheral part of each layered disc is a screen, the solid part of each layered disc 3 is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, and the sewage collecting pipe 2 corresponding to bottom of each layered disc 3 is provided with a sewage collecting through hole 2.1, namely the sewage collecting pipe 2 penetrates through the middle part of each layered disc 3; the sewage discharging device comprises an anti-escape sieve 5, a sewage discharging pipe I7 and a balance pipe 8, the anti-escape sieve 5 is arranged at the bottom of the land-based circular pool 1, a connecting hole is formed in the anti-escape sieve 5, the lower end of the sewage collecting pipe 2 is inserted into the connecting hole and connected with the anti-escape sieve 5, one end of the sewage discharging pipe I7 is communicated with the bottom of the land-based circular pool 1, the other end of the sewage discharging pipe I7 is communicated with a tail water treatment facility, the balance pipe 8 is inserted into the end of the tail water treatment facility, the balance pipe 8 is vertically arranged and used for balancing the water level of the land-based circular pool 1 and discharging sewage in the land-based circular pool 1 through pulling, namely, the balance pipe 8 can be inserted into or pulled out of the sewage discharging pipe I7 to realize connection or detachment with the sewage discharging pipe I7, before pulling out, the water level of the balance pipe 8 is the same as the water level of the land-based circular pool 1, namely, the function of the liquid level pipe is equivalent to that after pulling out of the balance pipe 8, the tail water containing residues and excrement is discharged out of the land-based circular pool 1 to flow into the tail water treatment facility through a siphon principle; the water inlet device is connected between the water outlet of the tail water treatment facility and the water inlet of the land-based circular pool 1 and is used for recycling the treated water.
When the invention is implemented in detail, the oxygenation device comprises an oxygenation machine 17, a gas conveying pipe 18 and oxygenation pipes 6 which are connected in sequence, wherein the oxygenation machine 17 is arranged outside the land-based circular pool 1, a plurality of oxygenation pipes 6 are arranged and surround the inner wall of the land-based circular pool 1 between the layered disks 3 respectively, one part of the gas conveying pipe 18 is arranged in the land-based circular pool 1 and is used as a main pipe, each oxygenation pipe 6 is communicated with the main pipe, and the main pipe is communicated with the part of the gas conveying pipe 18 outside the land-based circular pool 1. The land-based circular pond 1 has the diameter of 4-6m, the depth of 1m-1.2m and the diameter-depth ratio of 3. The tail water treatment facility comprises a sewage collecting well 9, an anaerobic fermentation tank 11, a sedimentation tank 12, an oxygen aeration tank 13 and an ecological purification tank 14, wherein a sewage discharge pipe I7 is communicated with the lower part of the sewage collecting well 9, the lower end of the sewage collecting well 9 is connected with a sewage discharge pipe II 10, and the sewage discharge pipe II 10 is communicated with the anaerobic fermentation tank 11; the middle lower part of the sewage collecting well 9 is communicated with a drain pipe which is communicated with a sedimentation tank 12, and the sedimentation tank 12, an oxygen aeration tank 13 and an ecological purification tank 14 are communicated in sequence. The water inlet device comprises a delivery pump 15 and a delivery pipeline 16, the delivery pump 15 is arranged in the ecological purification tank 14, the delivery pipeline 16 is connected with the output end of the delivery pump 15, and the delivery pipeline 16 is connected with the water inlet of the land-based circular tank 1.
In the specific implementation of the invention, the volume of the anaerobic fermentation tank 11 is 1/5 of the volume of the land-based circular tank 1, and the total volume of the sedimentation tank 12, the oxygen aeration tank 13 and the ecological purification tank 14 is 4/5 of the volume of the land-based circular tank 1. Three layered disks 3 are arranged, the space between the layered disks 3 is 0.3m, the culture water body is divided into four areas, and the gradient of each layered disk 3 is 10 o -20 o . The diameter of the layered disk 3 is 3-3.5m, the layered disk is composed of a stainless steel disk with the inner diameter of 1m and a stainless steel screen mesh disk with the outer diameter of 2-3.5m, and the mesh size of the screen mesh can be adjusted according to the specifications of the cultured macrobrachium rosenbergii.
The sedimentation tank mainly utilizes an ultraviolet lamp with the wavelength of 100-400nm for sterilization and disinfection, and effectively kills pathogenic bacteria in the culture tail water. The solid suspension was filtered through a brush. The aeration tank promotes the degradation of organic matters and the volatilization of toxic gases through aeration, the biological purification tank is mainly provided with probiotic carriers such as biochemical balls, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and the like in the culture tail water are absorbed and degraded through microorganisms to reach the culture water standard, and a small amount of filter-feeding fishes such as silver carps, bighead carps and the like are cultured to convert plankton into self substances, so that the comprehensive utilization of the culture tail water is realized.
A land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding method comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing a culture system: storing water in a land-based circular pond for more than 1 meter 7-10 days before fry stocking, storing the water in a sedimentation tank, an aeration tank and a biological purification tank for 2/3 of the volume, adding quicklime for disinfection, and after disinfection for 2-3 days, adding diatom, EM (effective microorganisms) and nutrient solution into the land-based circular pond, the sedimentation tank, the aeration tank and the biological purification tank for cultivation after toxicity is dissipated, so that biological floccules are formed in the circular cultivation tank and the biological purification tank; the disinfection method for the layered disc and the anti-escape sieve comprises the following steps: 1: and 6, mixing an alkaline glutaraldehyde solution with the mass concentration of 2% and an ethanol solution with the volume concentration of 75% to obtain a disinfectant, immersing the cleaned layered disc and the cleaned escape-proof sieve into the disinfectant, taking out the cleaned layered disc and the cleaned escape-proof sieve after 24 hours, and washing the cleaned layered disc and the cleaned escape-proof sieve with clean water.
2) Fry stocking: performing water quality detection 1 day before stocking the fries, after the detection is qualified, splashing vitamin C in a full pool 30 min before stocking the fries to prevent the shrimp fries from entering the pool to generate stress reaction, and putting the macrobrachium rosenbergii fries with the specification of 1.2-2 cm into the pool, wherein the stocking density is 280-320 per cubic meter; carp, silver carp and bighead carp fries with the specification of 5-10cm are put into the aeration tank and the biological purification tank, and the stocking density is 10-20 per cubic meter;
3) Daily management: feeding a compound feed with the protein content of 35-41%, feeding for 2-3 times daily, uniformly scattering the feed on a solid disc of a layered disc, regulating and controlling the daily feeding amount according to the growth stage and the pond storage amount of the shrimps, wherein the daily feeding amount is 3-6% of the pond storage amount of the macrobrachium rosenbergii, discharging pollution from the bottom of a pond by drawing a balance pipe after feeding for 2 hours, and the pollution discharge time is based on the discharge of culture tail water without obvious solid excrement and peculiar smell; fresh water is properly supplemented to the biological purification tank every 2 days to make up for water loss caused by evaporation, pollution discharge and the like, and a water inlet is filtered by a double-layer 40-mesh filter screen to play a role in filtering pathogenic microorganisms; detecting the water quality every 3-5 days, and regulating and controlling the water quality by changing the oxygen increasing amount and the water changing amount; the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water is kept above 5mg/L, the pH value is 7.8-8.5, the ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 0.6 mg/L, and the nitrite nitrogen is less than or equal to 0.03 mg/L; the daily feeding amount of 3-6% of the macrobrachium rosenbergii pond amount means that the total daily feeding amount of the juvenile shrimps is 4% -6% of the shrimp pond amount, the total daily feeding amount of the adult shrimps is 3% -4% of the shrimp pond amount, the shrimp pond amount calculation method is to randomly sample more than 30 shrimps, and the average weight is weighed and calculated, wherein the shrimp pond amount = the average weight x the fry placing amount x the survival rate.
4) Maintenance of a culture system: the anaerobic fermentation tank periodically pumps fermented organic fertilizer to avoid overflowing; supplementing EM (effective microorganisms), bacillus and a carbon source to the land-based circular pool and the biological purification pool every half month to ensure that the biological flocs of the land-based circular pool and the biological purification pool are stable; the layered disc and the filter screen at the water inlet are cleaned once every 7 days, so that a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms are prevented from breeding;
5) Fishing: after 3-4 months of breeding, fishing the macrobrachium rosenbergii for the first time according to the principle of catching large shrimps and keeping small shrimps, and fishing more than 18-22 g of grown shrimps emphatically; after 5 months of feeding, the adult shrimps are thoroughly fished for the second time.
When the macrobrachium rosenbergii cultivation device is used specifically, when macrobrachium rosenbergii is cultivated in a land-based circular pool, the macrobrachium rosenbergii can be cultivated in four areas respectively, bait residues and excrement in the areas are collected to the bottom of the land-based circular pool through a sewage collection through hole, when a balance pipe is pulled up, solid waste deposited near an anti-escape screen of a sewage collection pipe and a bottom sewage discharge device is quickly discharged out of the land-based circular pool due to siphonage, the solid waste is discharged into a sewage collection well of a tail water treatment facility through a sewage discharge pipe I, cultivation tail water is primarily precipitated in the sewage collection well, the solid waste is discharged into an anaerobic fermentation pool through a sewage discharge pipe II to be fermented into organic fertilizer, supernatant is firstly discharged into a sedimentation tank through a drain pipe to be sterilized by an ultraviolet lamp and filtered and precipitated, is discharged into an aeration tank to promote organic matter degradation and toxic gas volatilization by aeration, then is discharged into a biological purification tank to be biologically purified, and water is conveyed into the land-based circular pool through a conveying pump to be recycled after reaching a water cultivation standard.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "bottom", "one end", "top", "other end", "up", "in", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely for convenience in describing the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding system is characterized in that: the device comprises a land-based circular pool, a sewage collecting pipe, layered disks, an oxygenation device, a sewage discharging device, a tail water treatment facility and a water inlet device, wherein a water inlet is formed in the top of the land-based circular pool, the bottom of the land-based circular pool is in a funnel shape, the vertical sewage collecting pipe is fixed in the land-based circular pool through a support, the outer wall of the sewage collecting pipe is sleeved with a plurality of layered disks which are arranged up and down, the land-based circular pool is divided into a plurality of culture areas by the layered disks, the middle parts of the layered disks are low and high, the middle parts of the layered disks are solid, the peripheral parts of the layered disks are screens, and a sewage collecting through hole is formed in the sewage collecting pipe corresponding to each layered disk; the sewage discharging device comprises an anti-escape sieve, a sewage discharging pipe I and a water level balancing pipe, wherein the anti-escape sieve is arranged at the bottom of the land-based circular pool, a connecting hole is formed in the anti-escape sieve, the lower end of the sewage collecting pipe is inserted into the connecting hole and connected with the anti-escape sieve, one end of the sewage discharging pipe I is communicated with the bottom of the land-based circular pool, the other end of the sewage discharging pipe I is communicated with a tail water treatment facility, the balancing pipe is inserted into the tail water treatment facility and is vertically arranged, and the sewage discharging pipe is used for balancing the water level of the land-based circular pool and discharging sewage in the land-based circular pool through pulling; the tail water treatment facility comprises a sewage collecting well, an anaerobic fermentation tank, a sedimentation tank, an oxygen aeration tank and an ecological purification tank, wherein a sewage discharge pipe I is communicated with the bottom of the sewage collecting well, the bottom end of the sewage collecting well is connected with a sewage discharge pipe II, and the sewage discharge pipe II is communicated with the anaerobic fermentation tank; the sewage collecting well is communicated with the sedimentation tank through a drain pipe, and the sedimentation tank, the aeration tank and the ecological purification tank are sequentially communicated; the water inlet device is connected between the water outlet of the ecological purification tank and the water inlet of the land-based circular tank and is used for recycling the treated water; the aeration device comprises an aerator, a gas pipe and a plurality of aeration pipes which are connected in sequence and respectively surround the inner wall of the land-based circular pool between the layered disks.
2. The land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii farming system of claim 1, wherein: the water inlet device comprises a delivery pump and a delivery pipe, the delivery pump is arranged in the ecological purification tank, the output end of the delivery pump is connected with the delivery pipe, the delivery pipe is connected with the water inlet of the land-based circular tank, the end of the delivery pipe is connected with a water inlet elbow, the water inlet elbow is 100-130 degrees and can rotate by 180 degrees, and a double-layer 70-mesh filter screen is sleeved on the water inlet elbow.
3. The land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii farming system of claim 2, wherein: the volume of the anaerobic fermentation tank is 1/5 of the volume of the land-based circular tank, and the total volume of the sedimentation tank, the aeration tank and the ecological purification tank is 4/5 of the volume of the land-based circular tank.
4. The land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii farming system of claim 1, wherein: the number of the layered disks is three, the distance between the layered disks is 0.3m, and the gradient of the layered disks is 10 o -20 o 。
5. The land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii farming system of claim 3, wherein: the sedimentation tank is provided with a brush for filtering suspended matters and sterilizing and an ultraviolet lamp; the aeration tank is internally provided with a nano aeration pipe, and the biological purification tank is used for placing biological floating balls and stocking filter-feeding fishes.
6. A land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Preparing a culture system: storing water in a land-based circular pool for more than 1 meter 7-10 days before fry stocking, storing the water in a sedimentation tank, an aeration tank and a biological purification tank for 2/3 volume respectively, adding quicklime for disinfection, after disinfection for 2-3 days, adding diatom, EM (effective microorganisms) and nutrient solution in the land-based circular pool, the sedimentation tank, the aeration tank and the biological purification tank for cultivation after toxicity is dissipated, and forming biological floccules in the pool;
fry stocking: performing water quality detection 1 day before stocking the fries, splashing vitamin C in a land-based circular pool 30 min before stocking the fries after the detection is qualified to prevent the fries from entering the pool to generate stress reaction, and putting the macrobrachium rosenbergii fries with the specification of 1.2-2 cm into the pool, wherein the stocking density is 280-320 fries per cubic meter; carp, silver carp and bighead carp fries with the specification of 5-10cm are put into the aeration tank and the biological purification tank, and the stocking density is 10-20 per cubic meter;
daily management: feeding a compound feed with the protein content of 35-41%, feeding for 2-3 times daily, uniformly scattering the feed on the solid part of the layered disc, regulating and controlling the daily feeding amount according to the growth stage and the pond storage amount of the shrimps, wherein the daily feeding amount is 3-6% of the pond storage amount of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii, discharging sewage at the bottom of the pond by drawing a balance pipe after feeding for 2 hours, and the sewage discharge time is subject to discharge of no obvious solid excrement and no peculiar smell in the tail water of the culture; fresh water is properly supplemented to the biological purification tank every 2 days to make up for water loss caused by evaporation, pollution discharge and the like, and a water inlet is filtered by a double-layer 40-mesh filter screen to play a role in filtering pathogenic microorganisms; detecting the water quality every 3-5 days, and regulating and controlling the water quality by changing the oxygen increasing amount and the water changing amount; the dissolved oxygen of the land-based round pond culture water is kept above 5mg/L, the pH value is 7.8-8.5, the ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 0.6 mg/L, and the nitrite nitrogen is less than or equal to 0.03 mg/L;
maintenance of a culture system: the anaerobic fermentation tank periodically pumps fermented organic fertilizer to avoid overflowing; supplementing EM (effective microorganisms), bacillus and a carbon source to the land-based circular pool and the biological purification pool every half month to ensure the stability of biological floccules in the land-based circular pool and the biological purification pool; the layered disc and the filter screen at the water inlet are cleaned once every 7 days, so that a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms are prevented from breeding;
5) Fishing: after feeding for 3-4 months, fishing the macrobrachium rosenbergii for the first time according to the principle of catching big and keeping small, and intensively fishing more than 18-22 g of adult shrimps; after 5 months of feeding, the adult shrimps are thoroughly fished for the second time.
7. The land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii cultivation method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the sterilization method for the layered disc and the anti-escape sieve in step 1) is as follows: 1: and 6, mixing an alkaline glutaraldehyde solution with the mass concentration of 2% and an ethanol solution with the volume concentration of 75% to obtain a disinfectant, immersing the cleaned layered disc and the cleaned escape-proof sieve into the disinfectant, taking out the cleaned layered disc and the cleaned escape-proof sieve after 24 hours, and washing the cleaned layered disc and the cleaned escape-proof sieve with clean water.
8. The land-based round pond multi-level macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding method according to claim 4, wherein the fact that the daily feeding amount of the step 3) is 3-6% of the pond amount of the macrobrachium rosenbergii means that the daily feeding amount of the juvenile shrimps is 4% -6% of the pond amount of the macrobrachium rosenbergii, the daily feeding amount of the adult shrimps is 3% -4% of the pond amount of the adult shrimps, the shrimp pond amount calculation method is that more than 30 shrimps are randomly sampled, the average weight is weighed and calculated, and the shrimp pond amount = the average weight x the fry release amount x the survival rate.
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