CN115264502A - A microwave corpse disposal device and disposal method - Google Patents
A microwave corpse disposal device and disposal method Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G1/00—Furnaces for cremation of human or animal carcasses
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/10—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating electric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
- F23G2204/20—Supplementary heating arrangements using electric energy
- F23G2204/203—Microwave
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/70—Incinerating particular products or waste
- F23G2900/7009—Incinerating human or animal corpses or remains
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于遗体处理环保装置领域,具体涉及一种微波遗体处置装置及处置方法。The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection devices for body treatment, and in particular relates to a microwave body treatment device and a treatment method.
背景技术Background technique
微波加热是微波直接作用于介质分子内部的加热方式,在微波辐射下,介质内部分子同时产生热量,温度整体上升。相比传统的由热源以热传导为主的间接加热方式,温升更快。随着加热过程的进行,介质表层水分蒸发,介质呈现内高外低的温度梯度,从而使水分由内向外迁移,大大提高了干燥效率。目前微波技术已经应用于遗体的火化中。Microwave heating is a heating method in which microwaves directly act on the inside of medium molecules. Under microwave radiation, the molecules inside the medium generate heat at the same time, and the temperature rises as a whole. Compared with the traditional indirect heating method based on heat conduction, the temperature rises faster. As the heating process proceeds, the water on the surface of the medium evaporates, and the medium presents a temperature gradient that is higher on the inside and lower on the outside, so that the water migrates from the inside to the outside, greatly improving the drying efficiency. At present, microwave technology has been applied to the cremation of remains.
由于遗体不同部位的介电特性随湿度的变化而变化。湿度低的地方介电常数相对较小,介质对微波的吸收和转化能力降低,温升速度慢;相反,湿度高的地方,介电常数更大,介质对微波的吸收和转化能力更强,温升速度快。而遗体中,肌肉的介电常数大于脂肪的介电常数,脂肪的介电常数又大于骨骼的介电常数,如何保证遗体不同部位的火化速度基本一致是需要关注的一个问题。Because the dielectric properties of different parts of the body change with the change of humidity. Where the humidity is low, the dielectric constant is relatively small, the medium’s ability to absorb and convert microwaves is reduced, and the temperature rise is slow; on the contrary, where the humidity is high, the dielectric constant is larger, and the medium’s ability to absorb and convert microwaves is stronger. Fast temperature rise. In the dead body, the dielectric constant of muscle is greater than that of fat, and the dielectric constant of fat is greater than that of bone. How to ensure that the cremation speed of different parts of the dead body is basically the same is a problem that needs attention.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明旨在解决现有技术中存在的技术问题,本发明的第一个目的是提供一种微波遗体处置装置。本发明的第二个目的是提供前述的微波遗体处置装置的处置方法。The present invention aims to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, and the first object of the present invention is to provide a microwave body disposal device. The second object of the present invention is to provide a disposal method of the aforementioned microwave body disposal device.
为达到上述第一个目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:一种微波遗体处置装置,包括能够容纳遗体并进行火化的微波加热腔体、与微波加热腔体通过阀门控制进气管相连的保护气存储腔体、以及与微波加热腔体通过阀门控制排气管相连的烟气净化室,微波加热腔体上设有与外界大气相通的大气进气管、以及对微波加热腔体内部进行加热以火化遗体的微波源元件,大气进气管上设有控制其通断的进气管阀,微波源元件连接有冷却器;微波源元件包括沿微波加热腔体的长度和宽度方向间隔设置的若干微波加热器,若干微波加热器并联设置且均可独立工作;微波遗体处置装置还包括安装在微波加热腔体中的用于检测遗体的不同部位温度的温度检测部件、以及用于拍摄遗体火化前的图像并传输给控制器的摄像头,温度检测部件和摄像头的信号输出端与控制器的输入端相连,控制器的输出控制端与每个微波加热器分别相连。In order to achieve the above first objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a microwave body disposal device, including a microwave heating cavity capable of accommodating and cremating the body, and a protective gas storage unit connected to the microwave heating cavity through a valve-controlled intake pipe The cavity, and the flue gas purification chamber connected with the microwave heating cavity through the valve control exhaust pipe, the microwave heating cavity is provided with an atmospheric air intake pipe communicating with the outside atmosphere, and heating the inside of the microwave heating cavity to cremate the remains The microwave source element, the air inlet pipe is provided with an inlet pipe valve to control its on-off, and the microwave source element is connected with a cooler; the microwave source element includes several microwave heaters arranged at intervals along the length and width of the microwave heating cavity, A number of microwave heaters are set in parallel and can work independently; the microwave body disposal device also includes temperature detection components installed in the microwave heating cavity for detecting the temperature of different parts of the body, and for taking images before cremation of the body and transmitting them The camera for the controller, the signal output end of the temperature detection component and the camera are connected with the input end of the controller, and the output control end of the controller is respectively connected with each microwave heater.
上述技术方案中,每个微波加热器可独立工作,根据实际情况选择工作的微波加热器的数量,更加节能高效。设置温度检测部件来实时检测遗体火化时的不同部位温度;设置摄像头来拍摄遗体火化前的图像并传输给控制器,便于控制器获取遗体的身高、宽度和厚度,进而得到遗体的骨骼、内脏区域和四肢区域,并根据遗体的骨骼、内脏区域和四肢区域,控制对应的微波加热器的工作功率,保证不同部位的火化速度基本一致。In the above technical solution, each microwave heater can work independently, and the number of working microwave heaters can be selected according to the actual situation, which is more energy-saving and efficient. Set up temperature detection components to detect the temperature of different parts of the body during cremation in real time; set up a camera to take images of the body before cremation and transmit them to the controller, so that the controller can obtain the height, width and thickness of the body, and then obtain the bones and internal organs of the body and limb areas, and according to the bones, visceral areas and limb areas of the remains, the working power of the corresponding microwave heater is controlled to ensure that the cremation speeds of different parts are basically the same.
在本发明的一种优选实施方式中,微波加热腔体的断面为六边形,包括顶壁、底壁、两个竖向的侧壁、以及连接顶壁和两个侧壁的分别位于顶壁两侧的两个顶斜壁,两个顶斜壁上均设有至少一行微波加热器,两个侧壁上均设有至少一行微波加热器。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross section of the microwave heating cavity is hexagonal, including a top wall, a bottom wall, two vertical side walls, and connecting the top wall and the two side walls at the top respectively. Two inclined top walls on both sides of the wall, at least one row of microwave heaters are arranged on the two top inclined walls, and at least one row of microwave heaters are arranged on the two side walls.
上述技术方案中,六边形的微波加热腔体相比矩形的微波加热腔体聚热效果更好;在两个侧壁和两个顶斜壁上均设置微波加热器,使得微波加热腔体的受热更均匀,提高运行效率,提高火化效率。In the above technical solution, the hexagonal microwave heating cavity has a better heat accumulation effect than the rectangular microwave heating cavity; microwave heaters are arranged on the two side walls and the two top inclined walls, so that the microwave heating cavity The heating is more uniform, the operating efficiency is improved, and the cremation efficiency is improved.
在本发明的一种优选实施方式中,摄像头包括设在微波加热腔体顶部的摄像头和设在微波加热腔体侧面的摄像头。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the camera includes a camera set on the top of the microwave heating cavity and a camera set on the side of the microwave heating cavity.
上述技术方案中,顶部的摄像头用于拍摄遗体的正面图像,控制器根据该正面图像获取遗体的身高和宽度;侧面的摄像头用于拍摄遗体的侧面图像,控制器根据该侧面图像获取遗体的厚度。In the above technical solution, the camera on the top is used to capture the front image of the corpse, and the controller obtains the height and width of the corpse according to the front image; the side camera is used to capture the side image of the corpse, and the controller obtains the thickness of the corpse according to the side image .
在本发明的一种优选实施方式中,摄像头位于微波加热腔体内的部分套装有耐高温防护罩,耐高温防护罩对应镜头的镜片处采用透明材料制成。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the part of the camera located in the microwave heating cavity is covered with a high temperature resistant protective cover, and the lens of the high temperature resistant protective cover corresponding to the lens is made of transparent material.
上述技术方案中,通过设置耐高温防护罩来保护摄像头,以此可延长摄像头的寿命。In the above technical solution, the camera is protected by setting a high temperature resistant protective cover, thereby prolonging the life of the camera.
在本发明的一种优选实施方式中,每个微波加热器的方向均可相对微波加热腔体转动,以使微波加热器产生的微波覆盖遗体的位置可调节。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the direction of each microwave heater can be rotated relative to the microwave heating cavity, so that the position where the microwave generated by the microwave heater covers the body can be adjusted.
上述技术方案中,微波加热器的方向可调,由此可根据实际情况调节微波加热器发出微波的方向,对准设定位置进行加热。In the above technical solution, the direction of the microwave heater is adjustable, so that the direction of the microwave emitted by the microwave heater can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and the heating can be performed at the set position.
为达到上述第二个目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:一种微波遗体处置装置的处置方法,包括如下步骤:利用摄像头拍摄遗体火化前的图像并传输给控制器;控制器根据摄像头拍摄遗体火化前的图像获取遗体的身高、厚度和宽度;控制器利用机器学习,得到遗体的骨骼、内脏区域和四肢区域;控制器根据遗体的身高、宽度选择不同部位和不同数量的微波加热器工作;控制器根据遗体的骨骼、内脏区域和四肢区域,控制对应的微波加热器的工作功率;温度检测部件实时检测遗体的不同部位温度;若某些部位的温度低于阈值,则增强相应的微波加热器的工作功率,或者增加辐射该区域的微波加热器的数量。In order to achieve the above-mentioned second purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a disposal method of a microwave body disposal device, including the following steps: using a camera to take an image before cremation of the body and transmitting it to the controller; The height, thickness and width of the body are obtained from the previous image; the controller uses machine learning to obtain the bones, internal organs and limbs of the body; the controller selects different parts and different numbers of microwave heaters to work according to the height and width of the body; The device controls the working power of the corresponding microwave heater according to the bones, internal organs and limbs of the body; the temperature detection component detects the temperature of different parts of the body in real time; if the temperature of some parts is lower than the threshold value, the corresponding microwave heater is enhanced operating power, or increase the number of microwave heaters radiating the area.
上述技术方案中,由于肌肉的介电常数大于脂肪的介电常数,脂肪的介电常数又大于骨骼的介电常数,因此同等加热条件下,肌肉区域的温升大于脂肪区域,脂肪区域的温升大于骨骼区域,因此可根据控制器识别出的骨骼、内脏区域和四肢区域(在本专利申请中,认为内脏区域的脂肪多于肌肉,按照脂肪处理;四肢区域的肌肉对于脂肪,按照肌肉处理),来调节各个区域的微波加热器的工作功率和数量,同时根据温度检测部件对各部位的温度反馈,增强相应部位的微波加热器的工作功率、或者增加辐射该区域的微波加热器的数量,以此保证遗体火化的受热分布,加快较难火化的骨骼的火化速度,缩短遗体的火化时间。In the above technical solution, since the dielectric constant of muscle is greater than that of fat, and the dielectric constant of fat is greater than that of bone, under the same heating conditions, the temperature rise of the muscle area is greater than that of the fat area, and the temperature of the fat area is greater than that of the fat area. It is larger than the skeletal area, so it can be identified by the controller according to the bone, visceral area, and limb area (in this patent application, it is considered that the visceral area has more fat than muscle, and it is treated as fat; the muscles in the limb area are treated as muscle for fat. ), to adjust the working power and quantity of the microwave heaters in each area, and at the same time, according to the temperature feedback of the temperature detection components to each part, the working power of the microwave heaters in the corresponding parts is enhanced, or the number of microwave heaters radiating the area is increased , so as to ensure the heat distribution of the cremation of the remains, speed up the cremation speed of the bones that are difficult to cremate, and shorten the cremation time of the remains.
在本发明的另一种优选实施方式中,摄像头至少包括位于微波加热腔体顶部和侧壁的两个摄像头,控制器获取摄像头拍摄遗体火化前的图像,并进行图像分割,得到遗体的身高、厚度和宽度。In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the camera includes at least two cameras located on the top and side walls of the microwave heating cavity, and the controller acquires images taken by the cameras before the cremation of the body, and performs image segmentation to obtain the body's height, thickness and width.
上述技术方案中,顶部的摄像头用于拍摄遗体的正面图像,控制器根据该正面图像获取遗体的身高和宽度;侧部的摄像头用于拍摄遗体的侧面图像,控制器根据该侧面图像获取遗体的厚度。以此来调节各个区域的微波加热器的工作功率和数量。In the above technical solution, the camera on the top is used to take the front image of the corpse, and the controller obtains the height and width of the corpse according to the front image; thickness. In this way, the working power and quantity of the microwave heaters in each area can be adjusted.
在本发明的另一种优选实施方式中,控制器利用机器学习,得到遗体的骨骼、内脏区域和四肢区域的具体方法为:控制器获取不同体型的遗体的CT检测图像作为样本数据集;将样本数据集分为训练集和测试集;将训练集图片进行标注并切分为至少骨骼、内脏区域和四肢的训练集子图片;将训练集子图片输入到机器学习模型中对机器学习模型进行训练,使机器学习模型学习训练集子图片识别目标;将测试集输入到机器学习模型中,机器学习模型为待标记图片中的识别目标进行识别。In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the controller uses machine learning to obtain the bones, visceral regions, and limb regions of the dead body. The specific method is: the controller obtains CT detection images of dead bodies of different sizes as sample data sets; The sample data set is divided into a training set and a test set; the training set pictures are labeled and divided into training set sub-pictures of at least bones, visceral regions, and limbs; the training set sub-pictures are input into the machine learning model for machine learning model Training, so that the machine learning model learns the sub-picture recognition target of the training set; the test set is input into the machine learning model, and the machine learning model recognizes the recognition target in the picture to be marked.
在本发明的另一种优选实施方式中,控制器根据遗体的身高、宽度选择不同部位和不同数量的微波加热器工作的具体方法为:控制器根据遗体的身高,选择出与遗体身高对应长度的火化机的微波加热器;控制器获取遗体的宽度,判断遗体的宽度是否超出阈值,如果遗体的宽度超出阈值,则选择出两个侧壁和两个顶斜壁上的微波加热器工作;如果遗体的宽度没有超出阈值,则选择出两个顶斜壁上的微波加热器和一面侧壁上的微波加热器工作。In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific method for the controller to select different parts and different numbers of microwave heaters to work according to the height and width of the corpse is: the controller selects the length corresponding to the height of the corpse according to the height of the corpse. The microwave heater of the cremation machine; the controller obtains the width of the remains, and judges whether the width of the remains exceeds the threshold, and if the width of the remains exceeds the threshold, then selects the microwave heaters on the two side walls and the two top inclined walls to work; If the width of the remains does not exceed the threshold value, then select the microwave heaters on the two top inclined walls and the microwave heaters on one side wall to work.
在本发明的另一种优选实施方式中,控制器根据遗体的骨骼、内脏区域和四肢区域,控制对应的微波加热器的工作功率的具体方法为:控制器根据机器学习识别出的骨骼、内脏区域和四肢区域;将选择出的微波加热器分为三个部分,转动以调节微波加热器的方向,使第一部分的微波加热器发出的微波覆盖骨骼区域、并以第一功率工作,使第二部分的微波加热器发出的微波覆盖内脏区域、并以第二功率工作,使第三部分的微波加热器发出的微波覆盖四肢区域、并以第三功率工作,第一功率大于第二功率,第二功率大于第三功率。In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific method for the controller to control the working power of the corresponding microwave heater according to the bones, internal organs and limbs of the dead body is: the controller recognizes the bones, internal organs according to machine learning region and extremity region; the selected microwave heater is divided into three parts, rotated to adjust the direction of the microwave heater, so that the microwave emitted by the first part of the microwave heater covers the bone region, and works with the first power, so that the second part The microwaves emitted by the microwave heater in the second part cover the visceral area and work with the second power, so that the microwaves emitted by the microwave heater in the third part cover the limb area and work with the third power, the first power is greater than the second power, The second power is greater than the third power.
上述技术方案中,同等加热条件下,由于肌肉的温升大于脂肪的温升大于骨骼的温升,即骨骼比脂肪更难火化,脂肪比肌肉更难火化,因此骨骼区域的微波加热器的工作功率>脂肪区域的微波加热器的工作功率>肌肉区域的微波加热器的工作功率,保证骨骼、内脏区域和肌肉区域均能均匀受热,火化时间更加一致,缩短遗体的火化时间。In the above technical solution, under the same heating conditions, since the temperature rise of muscle is greater than that of fat, that is, bone is more difficult to cremate than fat, and fat is more difficult to cremate than muscle, so the microwave heater in the bone area works The power > the working power of the microwave heater in the fat area > the working power of the microwave heater in the muscle area, to ensure that the bones, visceral area and muscle area can be heated evenly, the cremation time is more consistent, and the cremation time of the remains is shortened.
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本发明的实践了解到。Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
附图说明Description of drawings
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解,其中:The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and comprehensible from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:
图1是实施例的一种微波遗体处置装置的主视结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a microwave body disposal device according to the embodiment.
图2是图1的微波遗体处置装置的右视示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic right view of the microwave body disposal device in Fig. 1 .
图3是图2的微波遗体处置装置的剖视示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the microwave body disposal device in Fig. 2 .
说明书附图中的附图标记包括:微波加热腔体10、底壁101、顶壁102、侧壁103、顶斜壁104、阀门控制进气管11、大气进气管12、阀门控制排气管13、微波加热器14、冷却器20、温度检测部件30、摄像头40。The reference signs in the accompanying drawings of the description include:
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面详细描述本发明的实施例,实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,仅用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“纵向”、“横向”、“竖向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "vertical", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplified descriptions, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
在本发明的描述中,除非另有规定和限定,需要说明的是,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是机械连接或电连接,也可以是两个元件内部的连通,可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection, or two The internal communication of each element may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms according to specific situations.
本发明提供了一种微波遗体处置装置、以及该微波遗体处置装置的处置方法。The invention provides a microwave body disposal device and a disposal method of the microwave body disposal device.
如图1和图2所示,在本实施方式中,微波遗体处置装置包括能够容纳遗体并进行火化的微波加热腔体10、与微波加热腔体10通过阀门控制进气管11相连的保护气存储腔体、以及与微波加热腔体10通过阀门控制排气管13相连的烟气净化室,微波加热腔体10上设有与外界大气相通的大气进气管12、以及对微波加热腔体10内部进行加热以火化遗体的微波源元件,大气进气管12上设有控制其通断的进气管阀,微波源元件连接有冷却器20,冷却器20对微波源元件进行强制冷却。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in this embodiment, the microwave body disposal device includes a
在本发明中,微波源元件包括沿微波加热腔体10的长度和宽度方向间隔设置的若干微波加热器14,每个微波加热器14的工作功率可调节,若干微波加热器14并联设置且均可独立工作,由此可根据实际情况选择合适数量和位置的微波加热器14工作以火化遗体。优选每个微波加热器14的方向均可相对微波加热腔体10转动,以使微波加热器14产生的微波覆盖遗体的位置可调节,具体可通过电机驱动微波加热器14转动,以调节其方向,为现有技术,在此不详述,比如现有技术中的摄像头的转动方式、风扇的摇头方式等。In the present invention, the microwave source element includes
需要说明的是,保护气存储腔体和烟气净化室的结构在图中未示出,其结构可采用现有技术,具体该微波遗体处置装置火化遗体的原理和工作过程也为现有技术,比如202020899435.5、201410488858.7、202020764772.3、以及202020899447.8中公开的,不是本发明的创新点,在此不详述。It should be noted that the structures of the protective gas storage chamber and the flue gas purification chamber are not shown in the figure, and their structures can adopt the existing technology. Specifically, the principle and working process of the cremated body of the microwave body disposal device are also the existing technology , such as those disclosed in 202020899435.5, 201410488858.7, 202020764772.3, and 202020899447.8 are not innovations of the present invention and will not be described in detail here.
在本实施方式中,冷却器20通过管路与每个微波加热器14相连,冷却器20为冷却塔或液体密闭循环冷却装置,无污水排放。冷却器20采用导热油或防冻液对微波加热器14进行快速降温,确保高温条件下有效的工作。微波加热腔体10排出至烟气净化室的烟尘也可经该冷却器20进行冷却。In this embodiment, the
如图3所示,在本发明中,该微波遗体处置装置还包括安装在微波加热腔体10中的用于检测遗体的不同部位温度的温度检测部件30(具体可利用红外热象仪检测遗体的不同部位温度)、以及用于拍摄遗体火化前的图像并传输给控制器的摄像头40,温度检测部件30和摄像头40的信号输出端与控制器的输入端相连,控制器的输出控制端与每个微波加热器14分别相连,控制器可控制每个微波加热器14的独立工作。As shown in Figure 3, in the present invention, the microwave body disposal device also includes
如图3所示,在本实施例中,摄像头40包括设在微波加热腔体10顶部的摄像头40和设在微波加热腔体10侧面的摄像头40。顶部的摄像头40用于拍摄遗体的正面图像,控制器根据该正面图像获取遗体的身高和宽度;侧面的摄像头40用于拍摄遗体的侧面图像,控制器根据该侧面图像获取遗体的厚度。As shown in FIG. 3 , in this embodiment, the
在本实施例中,摄像头40位于微波加热腔体10内的部分套装有耐高温防护罩,耐高温防护罩对应镜头的镜片处采用透明材料制成,比如采用耐高温透明玻璃制成,或者耐高温防护罩整体采用耐高温透明玻璃制成。In this embodiment, the part of the
如图1和图2所示,在另一优选的实施方式中,微波加热腔体10的断面为六边形,包括顶壁102、底壁101、两个竖向的侧壁103、以及连接顶壁102和两个侧壁103的分别位于顶壁102两侧的两个顶斜壁104。两个顶斜壁104上均设有至少一行微波加热器14,图中以一行示例;两个侧壁103上均设有至少一行微波加热器14,图中以两行示例,即在微波加热腔体10的左侧和右侧各设置三行微波加热器14,共六行微波加热器14。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in another preferred embodiment, the cross section of the
如图1所示,在本实施方式中,阀门控制进气管11、大气进气管12和阀门控制排气管13设在微波加热腔体10的右端,不占用微波加热腔体10两侧和顶部的位置,能够更好的在两个侧壁103和两个顶斜壁104上布置微波加热器14。As shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment, the valve
在另一优选的实施方式中,微波加热器14采用微波管产生微波,比如采用微波磁控管。优选地,微波磁控管通过变压电路与电源相连,变压电路包括高压变压器、高压电容器、以及高压二极管构成的倍压整流电路。具体倍压整流电路可采用201922238384.1中提供的倍压整流电路,其硬件结构和电气连接方式为现有技术,在此不详述。In another preferred embodiment, the
在本实施方式中,倍压整流电路为微波磁控管提供满足脉动直流阳极电压和约3~4伏的阴极电压要求的工作电压。高压变压器初级绕组之前至微波磁控管的电源入口之间的电路为低压电路(包括控制电路),主要包括保险管、热断路器保护开关、联锁微动开关、照明灯、定时器及功率分配器开关、输送带电机、风扇电机等。其中,功率分配器用来调节微波磁控管的平均工作时间(即微波磁控管断续工作时,“工作”和“停止”时间的比例),以达到调节微波加热腔体10平均输出功率的目的。热断路器是用来监控微波磁控管或微波加热腔体10内部工作温度的元件,当工作温度超过某一限值时,热断路器会立即切断电源,使微波加热腔体10停止工作。In this embodiment, the voltage doubler rectifier circuit provides the microwave magnetron with an operating voltage that meets the requirements of the pulsating DC anode voltage and the cathode voltage of about 3-4 volts. The circuit between the primary winding of the high-voltage transformer and the power inlet of the microwave magnetron is a low-voltage circuit (including a control circuit), mainly including a fuse, a thermal circuit breaker protection switch, an interlock micro switch, a lamp, a timer and a power supply. Dispenser switch, conveyor belt motor, fan motor, etc. Wherein, the power divider is used to adjust the average working time of the microwave magnetron (that is, when the microwave magnetron works intermittently, the ratio of "working" and "stopping" time), so as to adjust the average output power of the
本发明的微波遗体处置装置的处置方法,包括如下步骤:The disposal method of the microwave body disposal device of the present invention includes the following steps:
S1、如图3所示,利用摄像头40拍摄遗体火化前的图像并传输给控制器。摄像头40至少包括位于微波加热腔体10顶部和侧壁103的两个摄像头40,顶部的摄像头40用于拍摄遗体的正面图像,侧面的摄像头40用于拍摄遗体的侧面图像。S1. As shown in FIG. 3 , use the
S2、控制器根据摄像头40拍摄遗体火化前的图像获取遗体的身高、厚度和宽度。控制器获取摄像头40拍摄遗体火化前的正面图像和侧面图像,并与图像中的参考标尺进行对比(例如遗体承托板的长度),得到遗体的身高、厚度和宽度。S2. The controller obtains the height, thickness and width of the body according to the image taken by the
S3、控制器利用机器学习,得到遗体的骨骼、内脏区域和四肢区域。具体方法为:控制器获取不同体型的遗体的CT检测图像作为样本数据集;将样本数据集分为训练集和测试集;将训练集图片进行标注并切分为至少骨骼、内脏区域和四肢的训练集子图片;将训练集子图片输入到机器学习模型中对机器学习模型进行训练,使机器学习模型学习训练集子图片识别目标(骨骼、内脏区域和四肢区域);将测试集输入到机器学习模型中,机器学习模型为待标记图片中的识别目标进行识别。S3. The controller uses machine learning to obtain the bones, visceral regions and limb regions of the remains. The specific method is as follows: the controller obtains CT detection images of remains of different body types as a sample data set; divides the sample data set into a training set and a test set; annotates the training set pictures and divides them into at least bones, visceral regions, and limbs Training set sub-pictures; input the training set sub-pictures into the machine learning model to train the machine learning model, so that the machine learning model learns the training set sub-pictures to identify targets (bones, visceral regions and limb regions); input the test set to the machine In the learning model, the machine learning model identifies the recognition target in the picture to be marked.
S4、控制器根据遗体的身高、宽度选择不同部位和不同数量的微波加热器14工作。具体方法为:控制器根据遗体的身高,选择出与遗体身高对应长度的火化机的微波加热器14;控制器获取遗体的宽度,判断遗体的宽度是否超出阈值,如果遗体的宽度超出阈值,则选择出两个侧壁103和两个顶斜壁104上的微波加热器14工作;如果遗体的宽度没有超出阈值,则选择出两个顶斜壁104上的微波加热器14和一面侧壁103上的微波加热器14工作。S4. The controller selects different parts and different numbers of
S5、控制器根据遗体的骨骼、内脏区域和四肢区域,控制对应的微波加热器14的工作功率。具体方法为:控制器根据机器学习识别出的骨骼、内脏区域和四肢区域;将选择出的微波加热器14分为三个部分,转动微波加热器14以调节其微波射出的方向,使第一部分的微波加热器14发出的微波覆盖骨骼区域、并以第一功率工作,使第二部分的微波加热器14发出的微波覆盖内脏区域、并以第二功率工作,使第三部分的微波加热器14发出的微波覆盖四肢区域、并以第三功率工作,第一功率大于第二功率,第二功率大于第三功率。当然,由于内脏区域和四肢区域也有骨骼,所以针对骨骼区域的微波加热器的工作覆盖区域重叠于针对于内脏区域和四肢区域的微波加热器的工作覆盖区域内。S5. The controller controls the working power of the
S6、温度检测部件30实时检测遗体的不同部位温度。S6. The
S7、若某些部位的温度低于阈值,则增强相应的微波加热器14的工作功率,或者增加辐射该区域的微波加热器14的数量。S7. If the temperature of some parts is lower than the threshold value, increase the working power of the
在本发明中,微波加热器14主要由微波磁控管(简称磁控管)、波导管、环形器和定向耦合器组成。In the present invention, the
其中,磁控管是产生微波的源头,通电时,自身置于恒定的相互垂直的电场和磁场中,磁控管内的电子在电磁场的控制下发生高频振荡,并以微波的形式将能量向外传递。波导管是一种内壁十分光洁的空心导管,用它来传送电磁波可以使电磁波能量损耗最小化,目前常见的有圆形或半圆形波导管以及矩形波导管等。环形器可以分离不同频率的电磁波信号,微波在其内部只能沿单方向环形,因此,在三端口环形器的适当位置加入匹配负载能有效的避免微波反射对磁控管带来的危害。定向耦合器用于微波入射和反射信号的分离,通过接入微波功率计,可以对微波入射和反射功率进行实时检测,在微波加热腔体中,入射微波与媒质相互作用,完成能量转化。Among them, the magnetron is the source of microwave generation. When it is energized, it is placed in a constant electric field and magnetic field perpendicular to each other. The electrons in the magnetron oscillate at high frequency under the control of the electromagnetic field and transfer energy to pass outward. A waveguide is a hollow guide with a very smooth inner wall. Using it to transmit electromagnetic waves can minimize the energy loss of electromagnetic waves. At present, circular or semicircular waveguides and rectangular waveguides are common. The circulator can separate electromagnetic wave signals of different frequencies, and the microwave can only circulate in one direction inside the circulator. Therefore, adding a matching load at the appropriate position of the three-port circulator can effectively avoid the damage caused by microwave reflection to the magnetron. The directional coupler is used to separate microwave incident and reflected signals. By connecting to a microwave power meter, the incident and reflected microwave power can be detected in real time. In the microwave heating cavity, the incident microwave interacts with the medium to complete energy conversion.
由磁控管、波导管、环形器和定向耦合器组成的微波加热器为现有技术,其结构和原理在此不详述。A microwave heater composed of a magnetron, a waveguide, a circulator and a directional coupler is a prior art, and its structure and principle will not be described in detail here.
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“优选的实施方式”、“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。In the description of this specification, descriptions referring to the terms "preferred embodiment", "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" etc. mean that the embodiments are combined A specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described by or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,本领域的普通技术人员可以理解:在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and modifications can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
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