CN115245071A - Soil improvement method for planting lawn in saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Soil improvement method for planting lawn in saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 245
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 59
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 2
- VOEFELLSAAJCHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)propan-1-one Chemical compound CNC(C)C(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 VOEFELLSAAJCHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000234643 Festuca arundinacea Species 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001520823 Zoysia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000051137 Zoysia tenuifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010803 wood ash Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil improvement method for planting a lawn in saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps: the mixture of organic fertilizer and calcium superphosphate is scattered on the soil surface, and the using amount of the mixture is 7-24 kg/m 2 (ii) a Digging up the soil from the edge of the land, spreading the soil uniformly in the nearby land to expose a relatively flat deep soil layer, spreading the mixture of plant ash and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the deep soil layer, wherein the use amount of the mixture is 5.05-20.10 kg/m 2 (ii) a The organic fertilizer mixture and the surface soil spread on the soil surface are subjected to ectopic ploughing, the mixture is covered on the salt return prevention alkali layer, and the mixture of plant ash and sodium carboxymethylcellulose is continuously and sequentially spread on the exposed deep soil layer; after the whole piece of land is ploughed and improved, the surface soil is crushed and leveled, and then the lawn blocks can be paved. The invention effectively retards the migration process of deep saline-alkali ions in the saline-alkali soil to the surface layer, prevents secondary alkali return, reduces the improvement cost of the surface soil of the saline-alkali soil, and reduces the water consumption for later lawn irrigation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of garden plant cultivation in saline-alkali soil, and particularly relates to a soil improving method for planting a lawn in the saline-alkali soil.
Background
The saline-alkali soil means that salt contained in soil influences normal growth of crops, and according to incomplete statistics of textbook organization and grain and agricultural organization of the United nations, the area of the saline-alkali soil around the world is 9.5438 hundred million hectares, wherein 9913 ten thousand hectares are in China. The formation of alkaline earth and alkalized soil in China is mostly related to the accumulation of carbonate in soil, so that the alkalization degree is generally high, and plants in serious saline-alkaline earth regions can hardly survive. Saline-alkali soil can be divided into light saline-alkali soil, moderate saline-alkali soil and heavy saline-alkali soil. The pH value of the mild saline-alkali soil is 7.1-8.5, the salt content is 0.1-0.2%, the pH value of the moderate saline-alkali soil is 8.5-9.5, the salt content is 0.2-0.4%, and the pH value of the severe saline-alkali soil is more than 9.5, and the salt content is 0.4-0.6%. The conductivity of the soil leachate can reflect the total salt content in the soil. According to the requirements of lawn construction on soil in DB 440300-T-34-2008-landscaping planting soil quality, the range suitable for growth of lawn grass is determined by the pH value of 5-7.5 and the Electrical Conductivity (EC) of less than 1300 mu s/cm. Therefore, in order to plant a lawn in a greening engineering project of a saline-alkali soil area, scientific soil improvement is required in addition to selection of varieties with strong saline-alkali tolerance, such as glume clippings, zoysia tenuifolia, hawaii grass, festuca arundinacea and the like. The general improvement method mainly adopts comprehensive measures of agriculture, hydraulic engineering, physical chemistry, biotechnology and the like to treat surface planting soil. The soil improvement of the lawn land is usually realized by applying organic fertilizer. However, the lawn establishment in some moderate and severe saline-alkali lands has high requirements on soil improvement technology, is more specific, is a work with strong professional and high labor intensity, and directly influences the management and the effect of the later period of lawn paving. The following problems are generally existed in the saline-alkali soil lawn planting practice of a plurality of engineering projects: (1) The soil improvement measures and methods are inappropriate, the conventional organic fertilizer application method has poor effect improvement, and the phenomenon of secondary salt return generally exists, so that the lawn management operation after the lawn is built is very complicated and has half the result; (2) The improvement cost of using a large amount of organic fertilizer is too high, which is not beneficial to realizing the expected benefit of engineering projects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil improvement method for planting lawns in saline-alkali soil, which has strong operability and aims to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a soil improvement method for planting a lawn in a saline-alkali soil specifically comprises the following steps:
a. spreading soil modifying materials on the surface layer of soil: the mixture of organic fertilizer and calcium superphosphate with total nutrient content not more than 20% is spread on the soil surface, and the using amount of the mixture is 7-24 kg/m 2 ；
b. Applying an anti-salt and alkali return material on the soil bottom layer: digging up soil from the edge of the land along the edge direction, uniformly spreading the soil in the nearby land, digging the soil to a depth of 15-20 cm and a width of 0.3-1.0 m, exposing a relatively flat deep soil layer, spreading a mixture of plant ash and sodium carboxymethylcellulose to the deep soil layer, wherein the use amount of the mixture is 5.05-20.10 kg/m 2 Forming an anti-salt-return alkali layer;
c. out-of-position ploughing: ploughing an organic fertilizer mixture spread on the soil surface and surface soil of 15-20 cm to a land spread with plant ash, covering the land on an anti-salt-return alkaline layer, and ensuring that the organic fertilizer and the soil are uniformly mixed to form an improved soil layer with the thickness of 15-20 cm; meanwhile, a deep soil layer with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 0.3-1.0 m and for the mixture of the plant ash and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to be broadcast is exposed, a deep soil layer with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 0.3-1.0 m and for the mixture of the plant ash and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to be broadcast is continuously and sequentially applied, and the operation of the step b for the mixture of the plant ash and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to be broadcast is repeated;
d. leveling soil surface: and c, repeating the step c in sequence, and after the ectopic ploughing improvement of the whole piece of land is completed, crushing larger particles exposed on surface soil, leveling, and making the land have no obvious pits and bulges, thus the lawn block can be paved.
Further, in the soil improvement method for planting the lawn in the saline-alkali soil, the mixture in the step a contains the organic fertilizer and the calcium superphosphate with the proportion of 5-20 kg/m 2 ︰2～4kg/m 2 。
Further, in the soil improvement method for planting the lawn in the saline-alkali soil, the mixture in the step b contains 5-20 kg/m of plant ash and sodium carboxymethylcellulose 2 ︰0.05～0.10g/m 2 。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the organic fertilizer improvement measures of the surface saline-alkali soil increase the application of calcium superphosphate, and effectively improve the improvement effect of reducing alkali and salt of the surface soil; the plant ash adopted at the bottom of the planting layer has good water storage effect, can adsorb a large amount of various metal ions, effectively blocks the migration of deep saline alkali ions to the surface layer along with water, and has a key effect on preventing secondary alkali return; the adopted sodium carboxymethylcellulose is high in cohesiveness after being dissolved in water, greatly increases the cohesiveness of plant ash particles, and forms a thick and heavy barrier layer for saline-alkali ions. The method is also beneficial to shortening the green return time of lawn planting, greatly reduces the irrigation water consumption in the later period management, and has the advantages of lower improvement cost of the lawn planting soil layer, simple operation, easy mastering of technical points and strong practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the influence of different proportions of organic fertilizer and superphosphate on the pH value of topsoil
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the influence of different proportions of organic fertilizer and calcium superphosphate on the conductivity (EC) of surface soil
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the influence of different proportions of plant ash and sodium carboxymethylcellulose on the pH value of topsoil
FIG. 4 is a concrete schematic diagram of the influence of different mixing amounts of plant ash and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose on the surface soil conductivity (EC)
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a soil improvement method for planting lawns in saline-alkali soil, which comprises 4 main operation steps of spreading soil improvement materials on the surface layer of the soil, applying anti-saline-alkali return materials on the bottom layer of the soil, ectopic ploughing, leveling the surface of the soil and the like, and specifically comprises the following steps: a. spreading soil modifying materials on the surface layer of soil: the mixture of organic fertilizer and calcium superphosphate with total nutrient content not more than 20% is spread on the soil surface, and the using amount of the mixture is 7-24 kg/m 2 The mixture ratio of the organic fertilizer to the calcium superphosphate is 5-20 kg/m 2 ︰2～4kg/m 2 (ii) a b. Applying an anti-salt-alkali return material on a soil bottom layer: digging up the soil from the edge of the land along the edge direction, uniformly spreading the soil in the nearby land, digging the soil to a depth of 15-20 cm and a width of 0.3-1.0 m, exposing a relatively flat deep soil layer, spreading a mixture of plant ash and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the deep soil layer, wherein the using amount of the mixture is 5.05-20.10 kg/m 2 Forming an anti-salt-return alkali layer, wherein the mixture ratio of the Chinese herbal ash to the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 5-20 kg/m 2 ︰0.05～0.10g/m 2 (ii) a c. Ectopic ploughing: ploughing the organic fertilizer mixture and the surface soil with the depth of 15-20 cm to the land where the plant ash is spread, covering the land on the anti-salt-return alkaline layer, ensuring that the organic fertilizer and the soil are uniformly mixed to form an improved soil layer with the thickness of 15-20 cm, and simultaneously exposing the improved soil layer with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 0.3 cmC, continuously and sequentially spreading the deep soil layer of the mixture of the plant ash and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with the depth of about 1.0m and the width of about 0.3 to 1.0m to the exposed deep soil layer of the mixture of the plant ash and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and repeating the operation of spreading the mixture of the plant ash and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the step b; d. leveling soil surface: and c, repeating the step c in sequence, and after finishing the ectopic ploughing improvement of the whole land mass, crushing larger particles exposed by surface soil, leveling, and making the land mass have no obvious pits and bulges, thus the lawn block can be paved.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
A soil improvement method for planting a lawn in a saline-alkali soil specifically comprises the following steps:
a. spreading soil improvement materials on the surface layer of soil: spreading a mixture of organic fertilizer and calcium superphosphate with total nutrient content not more than 20% on soil surface, wherein the usage amount of the mixture is 3kg/m 2 ，7kg/m 2 ，12kg/m 2 ，17kg/m 2 ，22kg/m 2 The mixture ratio is that the organic fertilizer to the calcium superphosphate is respectively 1kg/m 2 ︰2kg/m 2 ，5kg/m 2 ︰2kg/m 2 ，10kg/m 2 ︰2kg/m 2 ，15kg/m 2 ︰2kg/m 2 ，20kg/m 2 ︰2kg/m 2 ；
b. Applying an anti-salt-alkali return material on a soil bottom layer: digging up soil from the edge of the land along the edge direction, uniformly spreading the soil in the nearby land, digging the soil to a depth of 15-20 cm and a width of 0.3-1.0 m, exposing a relatively flat deep soil layer, spreading a mixture of plant ash and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the deep soil layer, wherein the use amount is 10.05kg/m 2 Forming an anti-salt-return alkali layer, wherein the ratio of Chinese herbal ash to sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 10kg/m 2 ︰0.05kg/m 2 ；
c. Ectopic ploughing: ploughing an organic fertilizer mixture and surface soil with the thickness of 15-20 cm which are spread on the soil surface to a land block where plant ash is spread, covering the land block on an anti-salt-return alkaline layer, ensuring that the organic fertilizer and the soil are uniformly mixed to form an improved soil layer with the thickness of 15-20 cm, exposing a deep soil layer of the mixture of the plant ash to be spread and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 0.3-1.0 m, continuously and sequentially spreading the deep soil layer of the mixture of the plant ash to be spread and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 0.3-1.0 m to the exposed deep soil layer of the mixture of the plant ash to be spread and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and repeating the operation of spreading the mixture of the plant ash and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the step b;
d. leveling soil surface: and (c) repeating the step c in sequence, and after finishing the ex-situ ploughing improvement of the whole land, crushing larger particles exposed by surface soil, leveling, and making the land have no obvious pits and bulges, thus being capable of carrying out lawn block laying.
The effect is as follows: the influence of different proportions of organic fertilizer and calcium superphosphate on topsoil is shown in figure 1, wherein the proportion of organic fertilizer to calcium superphosphate is 1kg/m for the control and application mixture 2 ︰2kg/m 2 ，5kg/m 2 ︰2kg/m 2 ，10kg/m 2 ︰2kg/m 2 ，15kg/m 2 ︰2kg/m 2 ，20kg/m 2 ︰2kg/m 2 After treatment, the pH values of the topsoil are 9.66,8.52,7.91,7.86,7.82 and 7.78 respectively. As shown in FIG. 2, the amount of control and application mixture is 1kg/m respectively based on organic fertilizer: calcium superphosphate 2 ︰2kg/m 2 ，5kg/m 2 ︰2kg/m 2 ，10kg/m 2 ︰2kg/m 2 ，15kg/m 2 ︰2kg/m 2 ，20kg/m 2 ︰2kg/m 2 After treatment, the conductivity (EC) of the topsoil was 2420. Mu.s/cm, 1622. Mu.s/cm, 1468. Mu.s/cm, 1252. Mu.s/cm, 1341. Mu.s/cm and 1305. Mu.s/cm, respectively.
Example 2
A soil improvement method for planting a lawn in a saline-alkali soil specifically comprises the following steps:
a. spreading soil modifying materials on the surface layer of soil: spreading a mixture of organic fertilizer and calcium superphosphate with total nutrient content of no more than 20% on soil surface, wherein the usage amount of the mixture is 5kg/m 2 ，9kg/m 2 ，14kg/m 2 ，19kg/m 2 ，24kg/m 2 The mixture ratio of the organic fertilizer to the calcium superphosphate is 1kg/m respectively 2 ︰4kg/m 2 ，5kg/m 2 ︰4kg/m 2 ，10kg/m 2 ︰4kg/m 2 ，15kg/m 2 ︰4kg/m 2 ，20kg/m 2 ︰4kg/m 2 ；
b. Applying an anti-salt-alkali return material on a soil bottom layer: digging up soil from the edge of the land along the edge direction, uniformly spreading the soil in the nearby land, digging the soil to a depth of 15-20 cm and a width of 0.3-1.0 m, exposing a relatively flat deep soil layer, spreading a mixture of plant ash and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the deep soil layer, wherein the use amount is 10.05kg/m 2 Forming an anti-salt-return alkali layer, wherein the dosage of the plant ash is 10kg/m 2 The dosage of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 0.05kg/m 2 ；
c. Out-of-position ploughing: ploughing an organic fertilizer mixture and surface soil with the thickness of 15-20 cm which are spread on the soil surface to a land where plant ash is spread, covering the land on an anti-salt-return alkaline layer to ensure that the organic fertilizer and the soil are uniformly mixed to form an improved soil layer with the thickness of 15-20 cm, and simultaneously exposing a deep soil layer of the mixture of the plant ash to be spread and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 0.3-1.0 m, continuously and sequentially spreading the deep soil layer of the mixture of the plant ash to be spread and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 0.3-1.0 m to the exposed deep soil layer, and repeating the operation of spreading the mixture of the plant ash and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the step b;
d. leveling soil surface: and c, repeating the step c in sequence, and after finishing the ectopic ploughing improvement of the whole land mass, crushing larger particles exposed by surface soil, leveling, and making the land mass have no obvious pits and bulges, thus the lawn block can be paved.
The effect is as follows: the influence of different proportions of organic fertilizer and calcium superphosphate on topsoil is shown in figure 1, wherein the proportion of organic fertilizer to calcium superphosphate is 1kg/m for the control and application mixture 2 ︰4kg/m 2 ，5kg/m 2 ︰4kg/m 2 ，10kg/m 2 ︰4kg/m 2 ，15kg/m 2 ︰4kg/m 2 ，20kg/m 2 ︰4kg/m 2 After treatment, the pH values of the topsoil are 9.66,8.48,7.88,7.85,7.86 and 7.78 respectively. As shown in FIG. 2, the amount of control and application mixture is 1kg/m respectively based on organic fertilizer: calcium superphosphate 2 ︰4kg/m 2 ，5kg/m 2 ︰4kg/m 2 ，10kg/m 2 ︰4kg/m 2 ，15kg/m 2 ︰4kg/m 2 ，20kg/m 2 ︰4kg/m 2 After treatment, the conductivity (EC) of the topsoil was 2420. Mu.s/cm, 1546. Mu.s/cm, 1424. Mu.s/cm, 1358. Mu.s/cm, 1265. Mu.s/cm and 1280. Mu.s/cm, respectively.
Example 3
A soil improvement method for planting a lawn in a saline-alkali soil specifically comprises the following steps:
a. spreading soil modifying materials on the surface layer of soil: spreading a mixture of organic fertilizer and calcium superphosphate with total nutrient content not more than 20% on soil surface, wherein the usage amount of the mixture is 7kg/m 2 The ratio of organic fertilizer to calcium superphosphate in the mixture is 5kg/m 2 ︰2kg/m 2 ；
b. Applying an anti-salt-alkali return material on a soil bottom layer: digging up the soil from the edge of the land along the edge direction, uniformly spreading the soil in the nearby land, digging the soil to a depth of 15-20 cm and a width of 0.3-1.0 m, exposing a relatively flat deep soil layer, spreading a mixture of plant ash and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the deep soil layer, wherein the using amount of the mixture is 1.05kg/m 2 ，5.05kg/m 2 ，10.05kg/m 2 ，15.05kg/m 2 ，20.05kg/m 2 Forming an anti-salt-return alkali layer, wherein the mixture ratio of Chinese wood ash to sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 1kg/m 2 ︰0.05kg/m 2 ，5kg/m 2 ︰0.05kg/m 2 ，10kg/m 2 ︰0.05kg/m 2 ，15kg/m 2 ︰0.05kg/m 2 ，20kg/m 2 ︰0.05kg/m 2 ；
c. Out-of-position ploughing: ploughing an organic fertilizer mixture and surface soil with the thickness of 15-20 cm which are spread on the soil surface to a land where plant ash is spread, covering the land on an anti-salt-return alkaline layer to ensure that the organic fertilizer and the soil are uniformly mixed to form an improved soil layer with the thickness of 15-20 cm, and simultaneously exposing a deep soil layer of the mixture of the plant ash to be spread and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 0.3-1.0 m, continuously and sequentially spreading the deep soil layer of the mixture of the plant ash to be spread and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 0.3-1.0 m to the exposed deep soil layer, and repeating the operation of spreading the mixture of the plant ash and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the step b;
d. leveling soil surface: and (c) repeating the step c in sequence, and after finishing the ex-situ ploughing improvement of the whole land, crushing larger particles exposed by surface soil, leveling, and making the land have no obvious pits and bulges, thus being capable of carrying out lawn block laying.
The effect is as follows: the effects of different mixing ratio of plant ash and sodium carboxymethylcellulose on deep soil are shown in figure 3, wherein the ratio of plant ash to sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 1kg/m 2 ︰0.05kg/m 2 ，5kg/m 2 ︰0.05kg/m 2 ，10kg/m 2 ︰0.05kg/m 2 ，15kg/m 2 ︰0.05kg/m 2 ，20kg/m 2 ︰0.05kg/m 2 After treatment, the pH values of the deep soil are 9.68,9.65,8.52,8.24,8.25 and 8.21 respectively. As shown in FIG. 4, the ratio of plant ash to sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 1kg/m 2 ︰0.05kg/m 2 ，5kg/m 2 ︰0.05kg/m 2 ，10kg/m 2 ︰0.05kg/m 2 ，15kg/m 2 ︰0.05kg/m 2 ，20kg/m 2 ︰0.05kg/m 2 After treatment, the conductivity of deep soil is 2517 mu s/cm,2352 mu s/cm,1480 mu s/cm,1355 mu s/cm,1337 mu s/cm and 1302 mu s/cm respectively.
Example 4
A soil improvement method for planting a lawn in a saline-alkali soil specifically comprises the following steps:
a. spreading soil modifying materials on the surface layer of soil: spreading a mixture of organic fertilizer and calcium superphosphate with total nutrient content of no more than 20% on soil surface, wherein the usage amount of the mixture is 7kg/m 2 The ratio of organic fertilizer to calcium superphosphate in the mixture is 5kg/m 2 ︰2kg/m 2 ；
b. Applying an anti-salt-alkali return material on a soil bottom layer: digging up the soil from the edge of the land along the edge direction, uniformly spreading the soil in the nearby land, digging the soil to a depth of 15-20 cm and a width of 0.3-1.0 m, exposing a relatively flat deep soil layer, spreading a mixture of plant ash and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the deep soil layer, wherein the using amount of the mixture is 1.1kg/m 2 ，5.1kg/m 2 ，10.1kg/m 2 ，15.1kg/m 2 ，20.1kg/m 2 Forming an anti-salt-return alkali layer, wherein the ratio of plant ash to sodium carboxymethylcellulose in the mixture is 1kg/m 2 ︰0.1kg/m 2 ，5kg/m 2 ︰0.1kg/m 2 ，10kg/m 2 ︰0.1kg/m 2 ，15kg/m 2 ︰0.1kg/m 2 ，20kg/m 2 ︰0.1kg/m 2 ；
c. Ectopic ploughing: ploughing an organic fertilizer mixture and surface soil with the thickness of 15-20 cm which are spread on the soil surface to a land block where plant ash is spread, covering the land block on an anti-salt-return alkaline layer, ensuring that the organic fertilizer and the soil are uniformly mixed to form an improved soil layer with the thickness of 15-20 cm, exposing a deep soil layer of the mixture of the plant ash to be spread and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 0.3-1.0 m, continuously and sequentially spreading the deep soil layer of the mixture of the plant ash to be spread and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 0.3-1.0 m to the exposed deep soil layer of the mixture of the plant ash to be spread and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and repeating the operation of spreading the mixture of the plant ash and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the step b;
d. leveling soil surface: and c, repeating the step c in sequence, and after finishing the ectopic ploughing improvement of the whole land mass, crushing larger particles exposed by surface soil, leveling, and making the land mass have no obvious pits and bulges, thus the lawn block can be paved.
The effect is as follows: the effects of different mixing ratio of plant ash and sodium carboxymethylcellulose on deep soil are shown in figure 3, wherein the ratio of plant ash to sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 1kg/m 2 ︰0.1kg/m 2 ，5kg/m 2 ︰0.1kg/m 2 ，10kg/m 2 ︰0.1kg/m 2 ，15kg/m 2 ︰0.1kg/m 2 ，20kg/m 2 ︰0.1kg/m 2 After treatment, the pH values of the deep soil are respectively 9.68,9.67,8.48,8.05,8.08 and 8.06. As shown in FIG. 4, the ratio of plant ash to sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 1kg/m 2 ︰0.1kg/m 2 ，5kg/m 2 ︰0.1kg/m 2 ，10kg/m 2 ︰0.1kg/m 2 ，15kg/m 2 ︰0.1kg/m 2 ，20kg/m 2 ︰0.1kg/m 2 After treatment, the conductivity of the deep soil is 2517 mu s/cm,2325 mu s/cm,1424 mu s/cm,1374 mu s/cm,1359 mu s/cm and 1280 mu s/cm respectively.
Example 5
A soil improvement method for planting a lawn in a saline-alkali soil specifically comprises the following steps:
a. spreading soil modifying materials on the surface layer of soil: applying mixture of organic fertilizer and calcium superphosphate with total nutrient content not more than 20% on soil surface, wherein the usage amount of the mixture is 14kg/m 2 The ratio of organic fertilizer to calcium superphosphate in the mixture is 10kg/m 2 ︰4kg/m 2 ；
b. Applying an anti-salt and alkali return material on the soil bottom layer: digging up soil from the edge of the land along the edge direction, uniformly spreading the soil in the nearby land, digging up soil with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 0.5m, exposing a relatively flat deep soil layer, spreading a mixture of plant ash and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the deep soil layer, wherein the using amount is 15.1kg/m 22 Forming an anti-salt-return alkali layer, wherein the plant ash and the sodium carboxymethylcellulose are mixed in a ratio of 15kg/m 2 ︰0.1kg/m 2 ；
c. Out-of-position ploughing: ploughing an organic fertilizer mixture and surface soil with the thickness of 15-20 cm which are spread on the soil surface to a land where plant ash is spread, covering the land on an anti-salt-return alkaline layer to ensure that the organic fertilizer and the soil are uniformly mixed to form an improved soil layer with the thickness of 15-20 cm, meanwhile, exposing a deep soil layer of the mixture of the plant ash to be spread and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 0.5m, continuing to sequentially expose a deep soil layer of the mixture of the plant ash to be spread and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 0.5m, and repeating the operation of spreading the mixture of the plant ash and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the step b;
d. leveling soil surface: and c, repeating the step c in sequence, and after finishing the ectopic ploughing improvement of the whole land mass, crushing larger particles exposed by surface soil, leveling, and making the land mass have no obvious pits and bulges, thus the lawn block can be paved.
Example 6
A soil improvement method for planting a lawn in a saline-alkali soil specifically comprises the following steps:
a. spreading soil modifying materials on the surface layer of soil: applying a mixture of organic fertilizer and calcium superphosphate with total nutrient content not more than 20% on the soil surface, wherein the usage amount of the mixture is 19kg/m 2 The ratio of organic fertilizer to calcium superphosphate in the mixture is 15kg/m 2 ︰4kg/m 2 ；
b. Soil bottom application controlSalt-returning alkali material: digging up soil from the edge of the land along the edge direction, uniformly spreading the soil in the nearby land, digging up soil with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 1.0m, exposing a relatively flat deep soil layer, spreading a mixture of plant ash and sodium carboxymethylcellulose to the deep soil layer, wherein the usage amount is 15.1kg/m 22 Forming an anti-salt-return alkali layer, wherein the ratio of Chinese herbal ash to sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 15kg/m 2 ︰0.1kg/m 2 ；
c. Ectopic ploughing: ploughing an organic fertilizer mixture and surface soil with the thickness of 15-20 cm which are spread on the soil surface to a land where plant ash is spread, covering the land on an anti-salt-return alkaline layer to ensure that the organic fertilizer and the soil are uniformly mixed to form an improved soil layer with the thickness of 15-20 cm, simultaneously exposing a deep soil layer of the mixture of the plant ash to be spread and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 1.0m, continuously and sequentially spreading the deep soil layer of the mixture of the plant ash to be spread and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 1.0m to the exposed deep soil layer, and repeating the operation of spreading the mixture of the plant ash and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the step b;
d. leveling soil surface: and c, repeating the step c in sequence, and after finishing the ectopic ploughing improvement of the whole land mass, crushing larger particles exposed by surface soil, leveling, and making the land mass have no obvious pits and bulges, thus the lawn block can be paved.
Claims (3)
1. A soil improvement method for planting a lawn in a saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. spreading soil modifying materials on the surface layer of soil: the mixture of organic fertilizer and calcium superphosphate with total nutrient content not more than 20% is spread on the soil surface, and the using amount of the mixture is 7-24 kg/m 2 ；
b. Applying an anti-salt and alkali return material on the soil bottom layer: digging up soil from the edge of the land along the edge direction, uniformly spreading the soil in the nearby land, digging the soil to a depth of 15-20 cm and a width of 0.3-1.0 m, exposing a relatively flat deep soil layer, spreading a mixture of plant ash and sodium carboxymethylcellulose to the deep soil layer, wherein the use amount of the mixture is 5.05-20.10 kg/m 2 Forming an anti-salt-return alkali layer;
c. ectopic ploughing: ploughing an organic fertilizer mixture spread on the soil surface and surface soil of 15-20 cm to a land spread with plant ash, covering the land on an anti-salt-return alkaline layer, and ensuring that the organic fertilizer and the soil are uniformly mixed to form an improved soil layer with the thickness of 15-20 cm; meanwhile, a deep soil layer with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 0.3-1.0 m and for the mixture of the plant ash and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to be broadcast is exposed, a deep soil layer with the depth of 15-20 cm and the width of 0.3-1.0 m and for the mixture of the plant ash and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to be broadcast is continuously and sequentially applied, and the operation of the step b for the mixture of the plant ash and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to be broadcast is repeated;
d. leveling soil surface: and (c) repeating the step c in sequence, and after finishing the ex-situ ploughing improvement of the whole land, crushing larger particles exposed by surface soil, leveling, and making the land have no obvious pits and bulges, thus being capable of carrying out lawn block laying.
2. The soil improvement method for planting the lawn in the saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixture of the organic fertilizer and the calcium superphosphate in the step a is 5-20 kg/m 2 ︰2～4kg/m 2 。
3. The soil improvement method for planting the lawn in the saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixture ratio of the plant ash and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the step b is 5-20 kg/m 2 ︰0.05～0.10g/m 2 。
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