CN115209691A - Phase change heat storage fin and self-adaptive flexible radiating fin - Google Patents
Phase change heat storage fin and self-adaptive flexible radiating fin Download PDFInfo
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- CN115209691A CN115209691A CN202210684412.6A CN202210684412A CN115209691A CN 115209691 A CN115209691 A CN 115209691A CN 202210684412 A CN202210684412 A CN 202210684412A CN 115209691 A CN115209691 A CN 115209691A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a phase change heat storage sheet and a self-adaptive flexible radiating sheet, wherein the phase change heat storage sheet comprises a film shell and a film package; the film package is fixed in the film shell, and deformation cavities are reserved on two sides of the film shell; the film package is filled with a phase change material, and a shape memory unit fixedly connected with the upper and lower boundaries of the film package is arranged in the film package; the shape memory unit is used for extruding the phase change material from the center to the periphery by the elastic force generated by shrinkage deformation when the heated temperature is higher than the metamorphosis temperature, and expanding and recovering to the original shape when the heated temperature is lower than the metamorphosis temperature and pumping the cooled liquid phase change material to the center again. The self-adaptive flexible radiating fin is integrally formed by the graphene polymer composite films at the upper layer and the lower layer and the phase-change heat storage fin in the middle. The invention utilizes the functions of expansion with heat and contraction with cold of the phase-change material and the function of temperature change and expansion of the shape memory fiber to realize the contact melting mode of high heat transfer rate and constant temperature, so that the aim of high heat flow transmission can be realized while the constant temperature of a heat source is maintained under the action of high heat flow impact.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electronic device heat management, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive flexible radiating fin applied to radiating of a high-heat-flow device in a narrow and complex space.
Background
Along with the integration, intellectualization and miniaturization of microelectronic devices, the local heat flux density is continuously increased, and if so much heat is accumulated in a relatively narrow closed space, the working temperature of the device is rapidly increased, the working performance and reliability are seriously weakened, and even the service life is shortened. Therefore, how to realize the efficient and reliable heat dissipation of the high heat flux density microelectronic device in a narrow space has become an important bottleneck restricting the development of the microelectronic technology.
For microelectronic devices, cooling and heat dissipation of the microelectronic devices face various challenges such as high heat flux density, limited cooling space, and precise temperature control. The existing cooling methods for electronic devices can be divided into active cooling and passive cooling. The active cooling has strong cooling capacity, high temperature control precision and good temperature uniformity, but needs external power input, has a relatively complex structure and a larger system volume, and is difficult to be applied to the thermal management of microelectronic devices in narrow and complex spaces. From the economic and environmental aspects, passive cooling does not need energy loss, has simple structure, easily realizes and economic environmental protection's advantage. However, conventional passive cooling technologies, such as a steam cavity plate and a heat pipe, have gradually reached their heat dissipation bottlenecks, and the heat dissipation process thereof cannot maintain the heat source at a stable temperature, and the structural adaptability is relatively poor, and in addition, although the graphene heat sink has a strong heat transfer performance and its flexible characteristics can also be applied to various complex application environments, the process thereof is complex and costly, and it is also impossible to ensure that the heat source is stabilized at a constant temperature. In summary, it is urgently needed to develop a novel heat dissipation technology capable of maintaining stable temperature of a heat source and high heat dissipation efficiency so as to ensure reliability of a high-precision microelectronic product.
In consideration of the fact that the phase-change material can absorb a large amount of latent heat in the melting process, and the temperature fluctuation is very small, the phase-change heat storage sheet made of the phase-change material can achieve high-efficiency heat transfer rate at constant temperature. However, although the conventional phase-change heat storage sheet can temporarily stabilize a heat source at a constant temperature, the effect cannot be maintained all the time, and the heat dissipation rate of the conventional phase-change heat storage sheet is also reduced continuously over time, so that the conventional phase-change heat storage sheet is difficult to resist high heat flow impact pulsation, and the working performance and the service life of a microelectronic device are seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a phase-change heat storage fin and a self-adaptive flexible heat radiating fin which can ensure that a heat source obtains constant temperature and high heat transfer rate under the impact of high heat flow.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a phase change heat storage sheet is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: a film housing and a film package; the film package is fixed in the film shell, and deformation cavities are reserved on two sides of the film shell; phase change materials are filled in the film package, and shape memory units fixedly connected with the upper boundary and the lower boundary of the film package are arranged in the film package at intervals along the height direction of the film package; the shape memory unit is used for squeezing the phase change material from the center to the periphery under the elastic force generated by the contraction deformation when the heating temperature is higher than the metamorphosis temperature, and the shape memory unit is used for expanding and recovering to the original shape when the heating temperature is lower than the metamorphosis temperature and pumping the cooled liquid phase change material to the center again.
The shape memory unit is a shape memory fiber.
The shape memory fibers are arranged in the thin film package according to a step layout with dense middle and sparse periphery. The shape memory fibers are arranged in the thin film package according to a step layout of dense middle and sparse periphery, so that on one hand, the elastic force applied to the middle is large, and the elastic force applied to the periphery is small, so that the melted liquid phase change material is extruded from the center to the periphery, and on the other hand, the liquid phase change material has the same effect as the liquid absorption core, and is sucked to the middle area again after being cooled.
The shape memory fibers include, but are not limited to, shape memory alloy fibers and shape memory polymer fibers.
The phase change material includes, but is not limited to, paraffins, alcohols, stearic acids, inorganic salts, and liquid metals.
The film shell and the film package are made of elastic flexible high polymer materials including, but not limited to, polyamides, polypropylenes and polytetrafluoroethylenes.
The utility model provides a flexible fin of self-adaptation, includes upper complex film and lower floor's complex film, its characterized in that: the phase change heat storage sheet is arranged between the upper composite film and the lower composite film.
The upper-layer composite film is a graphene polymer composite film; the lower-layer composite film is a graphene polymer composite film.
The graphene polymer composite membrane is formed by assembling and combining graphene and a high polymer through chemical vapor deposition or bonding.
The upper-layer composite film, the lower-layer composite film and the phase change heat storage sheet are sealed through thermal bonding, cementing or other processes.
The film package of the phase-change heat storage sheet not only contains phase-change materials, but also contains shape memory units. The shape memory unit has the function of self-adapting expansion and contraction along with the temperature change, when the heated temperature is higher than the metamorphosis temperature, the shape memory unit can contract, and when the cooled temperature is lower than the metamorphosis temperature, the shape memory unit can expand and recover to the original shape. Based on the self-adaptive function of the shape memory unit, the semi-active temperature regulation and control of the phase change heat storage sheet are realized. The invention breaks through the technical bottleneck that the temperature of a heat source is difficult to stably maintain at a constant temperature in other passive heat dissipation technologies, and can achieve the purpose of maintaining the constant temperature of the heat source and simultaneously realizing high heat flow heat transfer even under the impact of high heat flow, thereby providing a very potential technical scheme for the heat management of high heat flow devices in narrow and complex spaces.
According to whether the phase change material has phase change or not, the working modes of the self-adaptive flexible radiating fin are divided into a low heat load mode and a high heat flow impact mode; in a low heat load mode, the self-adaptive flexible radiating fin stores sensible heat through a heat conduction mechanism; and when the heat exchanger is in a high heat flow impact mode, the self-adaptive flexible radiating fins maintain a contact melting mechanism for latent heat storage. As the heat source operating mode transitions between low thermal loads and high heat flow impingement, the primary heat transfer mechanism of the adaptive flexible heat sink will alternate between the heat conduction mechanism and the contact melting mechanism.
The phase-change material does not completely fill the phase-change heat storage plate, and gaps are reserved at the peripheral edges of the phase-change heat storage plate to accommodate the phase-change material which expands when heated. It should be noted that, because the film housing and the film package of the phase change heat storage sheet are both made of flexible polymer materials with elasticity, the phase change material is allowed to expand and contract during the heating and cooling processes so as not to leak, and the reliability and the structural adaptability of the adaptive flexible heat sink are improved.
Graphene polymer composite membrane is formed by modes such as chemical vapor deposition or bonding equipment combination by graphite alkene and high molecular polymer, can give the heat source heat fast for phase transition heat storage piece on the one hand, and on the other hand also can be brought heat expansion increase heat transfer area so that take away by the cold air in the environment.
Under a high heat flow impact mode, the self-adaptive flexible radiating fin utilizes elastic force generated by heated contraction of the shape memory fibers to extrude the liquid phase change material between the heat source and the solid-liquid interface to the periphery, and the constant temperature and the high-efficiency heat transfer rate at the heat source are maintained based on a stable contact melting mode. The specific working principle is as follows: when the high-heat flow impacts, heat of a heat source is transferred to the phase-change heat storage sheet through the upper graphene polymer composite film, wherein one part of heat is diffused through the lower graphene polymer composite film so as to be taken away by cold air, and the other part of heat is absorbed by the phase-change heat storage sheet and promotes the melting of the phase-change material in the phase-change heat storage sheet. However, after the impact of high heat flow is finished, the shape memory fiber is gradually cooled and expanded to return to the original shape by the continuous cooling effect of air convection outside the lower graphene polymer composite film, and the liquid phase-change material is converged from the periphery to the central part under the action of internal pressure difference and the packaging contraction force of the superelasticity film and is a solid phase-change material. Based on the phase change heat transfer mechanism, the high heat transfer rate and constant temperature control can be maintained even under the action of instantaneous heat impact, so that the service life of the high heat transfer device is greatly prolonged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes the purpose of stably maintaining high heat transfer rate and constant temperature control by utilizing the functions of expansion with heat and contraction with cold of the phase-change material and temperature-variable expansion of the shape memory fiber, breaks through the technical bottleneck that the heat source temperature in other passive heat dissipation technologies (such as traditional phase-change material membranes, graphene membranes and the like) is difficult to stably maintain constant temperature, realizes high-precision, strong-stability and constant-temperature high-heat-flow heat transport regulation and control, and becomes a very potential technical scheme in the field of heat dissipation strengthening of high-heat-flow devices in narrow and complex spaces.
The invention is synthesized by using flexible high polymer materials, so that compared with a heat pipe and a steam cavity flat plate radiator, the thickness is obviously reduced, and the structural adaptability of an application scene is improved.
The self-adaptive flexible radiating membrane provided by the invention is formed by selecting flexible high polymer materials and integrally thermally bonding, so that the thickness of the membrane is reduced, the sealing reliability is improved, and the structural applicability of an application scene is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a phase change heat storage sheet;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working mode and principle of the phase-change heat storage sheet, wherein: (2a) Low thermal load mode, (2 b) high heat flow impingement mode;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional assembly view of the adaptive flexible heat sink;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a trend of temperature changes of a heat source of a conventional phase change heat storage fin and a self-adaptive flexible heat sink;
in the figure, 1, an upper graphene polymer composite membrane; 2. a phase change heat storage sheet; 3. a lower graphene polymer composite film; 4. a film housing; 5. packaging with a thin film; 6. a solid phase change material; 7. a shape memory fiber; 8. a thermal load; 9. air convection; 10. a solid-liquid phase interface; 11. a liquid phase change material.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a phase change heat storage sheet, which includes a film casing 4, a film package 5, and a solid phase change material 6 filled in the film package. The film housing 4 and the film encapsulation 5 are sealed by thermal bonding or other reliable process.
The film package 5 is also provided with shape memory fibers 7, and both ends of the shape memory fibers 7 are fixed on the upper and lower boundaries inside the film package 5.
The fixing mode of the film package 5 and the shape memory fiber 7 is selected by a thermal bonding method.
The film casing 4 and the film package 5 are both made of a flexible material with super elasticity, so that the phase change material is allowed to expand and contract during heating and cooling processes of the flexible material without leakage, and the reliability and the structural adaptability of the adaptive flexible heat sink are improved. The shape memory fiber 7 has the function of self-adapting expansion and contraction along with the temperature change, when the heating temperature is higher than the metamorphosis temperature, the shape memory fiber 7 can contract, and when the cooling temperature is lower than the metamorphosis temperature, the shape memory fiber 7 can expand and recover to the original shape.
The shape memory fibers 7 are arranged in the film package 5 according to a step layout of dense middle and sparse periphery, which makes the middle part receive large elastic force and the periphery receive small elastic force, and plays the same role as the liquid absorption core.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working mode and principle of the phase-change heat storage sheet, which is divided into a low heat load mode (see fig. 2 a) and a high heat flow impact mode (see fig. 2 b).
When the device is in a low heat load operation mode, the generated heat load 8 is not large, so that the temperature of the device can be controlled in a stable state through the coupling effect of the sensible heat storage of the solid phase-change material 6 based on a heat conduction mechanism and the cooling effect of air convection 9 in the environment.
When the device is in a high heat flow impact mode, a great heat load 8 is generated in a short time, the solid phase-change material 6 starts to melt for latent heat storage, the heating temperature of the shape memory fiber 7 is continuously increased, and after the temperature of the shape memory fiber is higher than the transformation temperature, the liquid phase-change material 11 near the solid-liquid interface 10 is extruded from the center to the periphery by the elastic force generated by the contraction deformation of the shape memory fiber 7, so that the device and the solid phase-change material 6 are maintained to be stably contacted and melted in a short distance, and the temperature of the device can be stabilized at a constant temperature near a phase-change point and has a high heat transfer rate. After the impact of high heat flow is finished, the shape memory fiber 7 is gradually cooled and expanded to restore to the original shape under the cooling effect of the air convection 9, and the liquid phase-change material 11 is converged from the periphery to the central part under the action of internal pressure difference and the elastic contraction force of the film package 5 and is cooled again to be the solid phase-change material 6. As the heat source operating mode transitions between low thermal load and high heat flow impingement, the primary heat transfer mechanism of the adaptive flexible heat sink will alternate between the heat conduction mechanism and the contact melting mechanism.
Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of the adaptive flexible heat dissipation sheet, which includes an upper graphene polymer composite film 1, a phase-change heat storage sheet 2 and a lower graphene polymer composite film 3, wherein the three layers of diaphragms are all made of flexible polymer materials and are integrally formed through a thermal bonding process, so that the total thickness of the adaptive flexible heat dissipation diaphragm is reduced, and the sealing reliability is improved.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a trend of temperature changes of a heat source on the conventional phase-change heat storage sheet and the adaptive flexible heat sink, and it can be seen that, for the conventional phase-change heat storage sheet, as a melting process of the phase-change material inside the conventional phase-change heat storage sheet advances, a solid-liquid phase interface is gradually away from the heat source, and a thermal resistance is continuously increased due to thickening of the liquid phase-change material, so that the temperature of the heat source is only maintained at a short constant temperature stage; the self-adaptive flexible radiating fin provided by the invention utilizes the functions of expansion and contraction of phase change materials and temperature change and expansion of shape memory fibers to realize a high heat transfer rate and constant temperature contact melting mode, breaks through the technical bottleneck that the temperature of a heat source on the traditional phase change heat storage fin is difficult to stably maintain at constant temperature, and achieves the aim of maintaining the high heat transfer rate and constant temperature control even under the action of instantaneous thermal impact, thereby providing a very potential technical scheme for the thermal management of high-heat-flow devices in narrow and complex spaces.
Claims (10)
1. A phase change heat storage sheet is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: a film housing and a film package; the film package is fixed in the film shell, and deformation cavities are reserved on two sides of the film shell; phase change materials are filled in the film package, and shape memory units fixedly connected with the upper boundary and the lower boundary of the film package are arranged in the film package at intervals along the height direction of the film package; the shape memory unit is used for squeezing the phase change material from the center to the periphery under the elastic force generated by the contraction deformation when the heating temperature is higher than the metamorphosis temperature, and the shape memory unit is used for expanding and recovering to the original shape when the heating temperature is lower than the metamorphosis temperature and pumping the cooled liquid phase change material to the center again.
2. The phase-change heat storage sheet according to claim 1, wherein: the shape memory unit is a shape memory fiber.
3. The phase change heat storage sheet of claim 2, wherein: the shape memory fibers are arranged in the film package according to a step layout with dense middle and sparse periphery.
4. The phase change heat storage sheet of claim 2, wherein: the shape memory fibers include, but are not limited to, shape memory alloy fibers and shape memory polymer fibers.
5. The phase change heat storage sheet of claim 1, wherein: the phase change material includes, but is not limited to, paraffins, alcohols, stearic acids, inorganic salts, and liquid metals.
6. The phase change heat storage sheet of claim 1, wherein: the film shell and the film package are made of elastic flexible high polymer materials including, but not limited to, polyamides, polypropylenes and polytetrafluoroethylenes.
7. The utility model provides a flexible fin of self-adaptation, includes upper complex film and lower floor's complex film, its characterized in that: the phase change heat storage sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is arranged between the upper composite film and the lower composite film.
8. An adaptive flexible heat sink according to claim 7, wherein: the upper-layer composite film is a graphene polymer composite film; the lower-layer composite film is a graphene polymer composite film.
9. An adaptive flexible heat sink according to claim 8, wherein: the graphene polymer composite membrane is formed by assembling and combining graphene and a high polymer through chemical vapor deposition or bonding.
10. An adaptive flexible heat sink according to claim 8, wherein: the upper-layer composite film, the lower-layer composite film and the phase change heat storage sheet are sealed through thermal bonding, cementing or other processes.
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