Coal bed gas pressure measuring system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coal mining, in particular to a system and a method for measuring coal bed gas pressure.
Background
The coal seam gas pressure is an important index for judging the outburst risk of the coal seam and evaluating the gas treatment effect, the measurement result is influenced by various factors such as occurrence of the coal seam, geological structure and the like, and the effective hole sealing process and means are important links for ensuring the true and reliable measurement result. In the process of directly measuring the gas pressure of a coal bed in the coal mine, a rubber ring (capsule) mucus hole sealing method and a two-plugging one-injection hole sealing method are mainly adopted for hole sealing of a drill hole. Wherein, a rubber ring (capsule) mucus hole sealing method is adopted to carry out secondary sealing on the hole sealing section of the drill hole, thereby realizing the dynamic observation of the hole sealing effect and being the currently preferred hole sealing mode. The process requires high drilling hole forming quality, the diameter of the drilled hole is matched with the outer diameter of a rubber ring (capsule), the popularization and application range is limited to a certain degree, after the primary grouting and hole sealing are finished, personnel are required to regularly observe the mucus pressure change condition, a manual grouting pump is adopted to carry out repeated mucus refilling operation, the labor cost in the pressure measuring process is increased to a certain degree, and the situation that the refilling mucus slurry is untimely exists inevitably so that the hole sealing effect is influenced; the hole sealing method of 'two-plugging one-injecting' is adopted to carry out one-time permanent sealing on the hole sealing section of the drill hole, the operation is convenient and fast, the application range is wide, but the hole sealing effect cannot be effectively distinguished by the process, and with the prolonging of pressure measuring time, the dynamic sealing can not be carried out on the deformation, new cracks and the like of surrounding rocks possibly appearing in a grouting hole sealing area, so that the pressure measuring result is distorted, and even the coal bed gas pressure data cannot be obtained.
In conclusion, under the condition that the mine staff is in a normal state and the direction of automation and intellectualization, the existing coal bed gas pressure measurement hole sealing process for the mine has a poor effect and cannot meet the use requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a coal bed gas pressure measuring system and a coal bed gas pressure measuring method which are simple in structure and convenient to use.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a coal bed gas pressure measuring system comprises a constant pressure automatic supply unit and a pipeline pressure measuring unit; the pipeline pressure measuring unit is positioned in the pressure measuring drill hole, the constant-pressure automatic supply unit is positioned outside the pressure measuring drill hole, and the constant-pressure automatic supply unit is connected with the pipeline pressure measuring unit; the constant-pressure automatic supply unit comprises a high-pressure gas source bottle and a viscous liquid tank, the high-pressure gas source bottle is connected with a pipeline at the top end of the viscous liquid tank, and the bottom end of the viscous liquid tank is connected with a pipeline pressure measuring unit pipeline; the pipeline pressure measuring unit comprises an injection pipe, a viscose pipe, a slurry return pipe, a pressure measuring pipe and two groups of bag hole sealing assemblies, one end of the injection pipe is communicated with an injection pump arranged outside a pressure measuring drill hole, the other end of the injection pipe sequentially penetrates through the two groups of bag hole sealing assemblies, a pressure measuring air chamber is arranged at the end of the injection pipe, the pressure measuring air chamber is communicated with one end of the pressure measuring pipe, and the other end of the pressure measuring pipe penetrates through the two groups of bag hole sealing assemblies and then is connected with a first pressure gauge; one end of the viscose pipe and one end of the slurry return pipe are located between the two groups of bag hole sealing assemblies, the other ends of the viscose pipe and the slurry return pipe penetrate through the group of bag hole sealing assemblies and then extend out of the pressure measuring drill hole, and one end of the viscose pipe, which is located outside the pressure measuring drill hole, is connected with the viscose tank pipeline.
Furthermore, the two groups of bag hole sealing assemblies are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the pressure measuring drill hole, each of the two groups of bag hole sealing assemblies comprises two bags, the two bags are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the pressure measuring drill hole, the grouting pipe sequentially penetrates through four bags of the two groups of bag hole sealing assemblies and then extends into the pressure measuring drill hole, four first grouting ports are formed in the outer side wall of the grouting pipe, the four first grouting ports are respectively located in the four bags, and check valves are arranged in the first grouting ports; two second grouting ports are arranged on the outer side wall of the grouting pipe, the two second grouting ports are respectively positioned between two bags in the two groups of bag hole sealing assemblies, and an explosion valve is arranged in each second grouting port.
Furthermore, one end of the grouting pipe, which extends into the pressure measuring drill hole, is sealed, the pressure measuring air chamber is arranged at the end, and a plug is arranged in the grouting pipe and is positioned between the pressure measuring air chamber and the bag hole sealing assembly; the pressure measuring air chamber is characterized in that an air vent is formed in the outer side wall of the pressure measuring air chamber, an air guide nozzle is arranged on the outer side of the pressure measuring air chamber, and the air guide nozzle is communicated with one end, extending into the pressure measuring drill hole, of the pressure measuring pipe.
Furthermore, the constant-pressure automatic supply unit further comprises a manual liquid pump, the manual liquid pump is connected with the mucus pipe, and the manual liquid pump is connected with the mucus tank in parallel.
Furthermore, a pressure reducing valve is arranged at the top end of the high-pressure air source bottle, the pressure reducing valve is connected with an air inlet interface at the top end of the viscous liquid tank through a first pipeline, a liquid outlet at the bottom end of the viscous liquid tank is connected with one end of a liquid inlet pipe through a second pipeline, the end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected with a manual liquid pump through a third pipeline, and the other end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected with a viscous liquid pipe in a pipeline pressure measuring unit; all be provided with relief valve, second manometer on first pipeline, the feed liquor pipe, all be provided with first control valve on the first pipeline, on the second pipeline, on the third pipeline and the leakage fluid dram of viscous liquid jar bottom.
Furthermore, the one end of returning thick liquid pipe, clay pipe is located between two sets of bag hole sealing subassemblies, returns thick liquid pipe, the other end of clay pipe and stretches out the pressure measurement drilling outside after passing two bags in a set of bag hole sealing subassembly in proper order, returns the one end that the thick liquid pipe stretches out the pressure measurement drilling outside and is provided with the second control valve, and the one end that the clay pipe stretches out the pressure measurement drilling outside is connected with the one end of feed liquor pipe.
Furthermore, one end of the pressure measuring pipe is communicated with the pressure measuring air chamber, the other end of the pressure measuring pipe sequentially penetrates through four bags in the two groups of bag hole sealing assemblies and then is connected with a third control valve, and a first pressure gauge is arranged on one side of the third control valve and connected with the pressure measuring pipe.
A coal bed gas pressure measuring method is implemented by a coal bed gas pressure measuring system and comprises the following steps:
s1, after pressure measuring drilling construction is finished, sending a pipeline pressure measuring unit which is well connected and fixed into a pressure measuring drill hole until a bag hole sealing assembly far away from a pressure measuring drill hole port reaches the junction position of a rock hole section and a coal hole section;
s2, connecting a grouting pump at one end of the grouting pipe, which is positioned outside the pressure measuring drill hole, pumping cement slurry into the grouting pipe by using the grouting pump, and enabling the cement slurry to enter four bag bags through first grouting ports respectively; when the bags gradually expand to be tightly attached to the wall of the pressure measuring drill hole, the pressure of cement slurry in the grouting pipe rises, the blasting valve is opened, the cement slurry performs grouting on the area between the two bags in the same group of bag hole sealing assemblies through the second grouting port, and grouting is stopped until the grouting pressure requirement is met;
s3, after grouting is finished for 24 hours, opening a second control valve at the outer end of the slurry return pipe, injecting mucus into the mucus pipe through a manual liquid pump, enabling the mucus to reach an area between the two groups of bag hole sealing assemblies through the mucus pipe, and discharging air in the area from the slurry return pipe; then closing the second control valve, and continuing to adopt the manual liquid pump to pump the mucus until the grouting pressure requirement is met, and then finishing the manual mucus injection operation;
s4, opening the high-pressure gas source bottle, enabling high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas source bottle to enter the viscous liquid tank, and discharging viscous liquid in the viscous liquid tank from a liquid outlet at the bottom end of the viscous liquid pipe under the action of pressure and enabling the viscous liquid to enter the viscous liquid pipe, so that constant supply of the viscous liquid in the viscous liquid pipe is realized;
s5, after the pumping of the viscous liquid tank is finished and stabilized, closing a third control valve at the end of the pressure measuring pipe, and observing the gas pressure in the pressure measuring drill hole through a first pressure gauge on the pressure measuring pipe;
and S6, after the observation of the gas pressure is finished, discharging high-pressure gas in the viscous liquid tank and viscous liquid in the viscous liquid pipe, disconnecting the constant-pressure automatic supply unit from the pipeline pressure measuring unit, storing the constant-pressure automatic supply unit, and finishing the pressure measuring operation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the invention provides a coal seam gas pressure measuring system and a coal seam gas pressure measuring method, which integrate the advantages of a rubber ring (capsule) mucus hole sealing method and a two-plugging one-injecting hole sealing method, utilize two groups of bag hole sealing assemblies to carry out primary permanent sealing on two ends of a drill hole, then adopt mucus to carry out secondary continuous sealing on an area between the two groups of bag hole sealing assemblies, and simultaneously realize mucus constant-pressure automatic supply through a constant-pressure automatic supply unit, thereby ensuring that the pressure of the mucus sealing area is stable and dynamically closed, and the grouting pressure is always greater than the gas pressure of a measured coal seam, further improving the hole sealing effect of a pressure measuring drill hole, ensuring tight and reliable hole sealing, and further improving the accuracy of the monitoring result of the gas pressure; the constant-pressure automatic supply unit can be used for multiple times, the pressure measuring and hole sealing cost is effectively reduced, meanwhile, people do not need to manually supply mucus, the effect of reducing personnel and improving efficiency is effectively achieved, the problem of personnel shortage caused by mine limitation is solved, and the using effect of the pressure measuring and hole sealing device is further improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a constant pressure automatic replenishment unit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a line pressure measurement unit;
FIG. 3 is a connection structure diagram of the pipeline pressure measuring unit during grouting hole sealing;
fig. 4 is a diagram showing a connection structure of a line pressure measuring unit during gas pressure monitoring.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived from the embodiments of the present invention by a person skilled in the art without any creative effort, should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment discloses a coal bed gas pressure measuring system, which comprises a constant pressure automatic supply unit 40 and a pipeline pressure measuring unit; the pipeline pressure measuring unit is positioned in the pressure measuring drill hole 24, the constant pressure automatic supply unit 40 is positioned outside the pressure measuring drill hole 24, and the constant pressure automatic supply unit 40 is connected with the pipeline pressure measuring unit;
as shown in fig. 1, the constant pressure automatic supply unit 40 includes a high pressure gas source bottle 1, a pressure reducing valve 2, a pressure reducing valve 4, a control valve 5, a pressure gauge 6, a viscous liquid tank 8, and a control valve 11, wherein the high pressure gas source bottle 1 is a high pressure gas bottle (nitrogen or compressed air), and is sequentially connected with the pressure reducing valve 2, the pressure reducing valve 4, and the viscous liquid tank 8 through a first pipeline 3 (pressure-resistant air pipe); the viscous liquid tank 8 is a cylindrical pressure-resistant metal tank body, mucus 9 is stored in the viscous liquid tank, the upper end of the viscous liquid tank is provided with an air inlet port 7 connected with the first pipeline 3, and the lower end of the viscous liquid tank is provided with a liquid outlet 10; a control valve 11 is arranged outside the liquid outlet 10; the liquid discharge port 10 is connected with one end of a liquid inlet pipe 19 through a second pipeline 14, the end head of the end of the liquid inlet pipe 19 is connected with a manual liquid pump 12 through a third pipeline 13, and the second pipeline 14 and the third pipeline 14 are arranged in parallel; the other end of the liquid inlet pipe 19 is connected with a viscose pipe 23 in the pipeline pressure measuring unit; the third pipeline 13 and the second pipeline 14 are respectively provided with a control valve 15 and a control valve 16, and the liquid inlet pipe is provided with a pressure relief valve 17 and a pressure gauge 18;
as shown in fig. 2, the pipeline pressure measuring unit comprises a pressure measuring pipe 20, a grouting pipe 21, a slurry return pipe 22, a viscose pipe 23 and a pressure measuring air chamber 37; the front end of the grouting pipe 21 is provided with two groups of bag hole sealing assemblies which are completely consistent, wherein the bag hole sealing assembly positioned on the rear side comprises a bag 29 and a bag 33, the grouting pipe 21 is provided with two first grouting ports which are respectively positioned in the bag 29 and the bag 33, and the two first grouting ports are respectively provided with a check valve 30 and a check valve 32; the grouting pipe 21 is provided with a second grouting opening, the second grouting opening is positioned between the bag 29 and the bag 33, and the second grouting opening is internally provided with a blasting valve 31; for the bag sealing assembly located at the front side, the grouting pipe 21 has the same structural design, that is, two first grouting ports and one second grouting port are also provided; the front end of the front bag hole sealing component of the grouting pipe 21 is provided with a grouting pipe plug 34;
the slurry return pipe 22 and the viscose pipe 23 are both fixed on one side of the grouting pipe 21, the tail end of the slurry return pipe is positioned between the two groups of bag hole sealing assemblies, the tail end of the slurry return pipe 22 is close to the front group of bag hole sealing assemblies, and the tail end of the viscose pipe 23 is close to the rear group of bag hole sealing assemblies; the pressure measuring pipe 20 is fixed on one side of the grouting pipe 21, the tail end of the pressure measuring pipe is positioned on the front side of the front group of the bags, and the pressure measuring pipe is connected with the pressure measuring air chamber 37; the pressure measuring air chamber 37 is a hard tube, the front end of the pressure measuring air chamber is closed, the rear end of the pressure measuring air chamber is provided with an air guide nozzle 35, and the middle of the pressure measuring air chamber is provided with an air vent 36; the air guide nozzle 35 is a hard conduit and is connected with the pressure measuring pipe 20.
As shown in fig. 3, during the sealing of the pressure measuring drill hole 24, the outer end of the grouting pipe 21 is connected with a grouting pump 38; the outer end of the pulp return pipe 22 is provided with a control valve 39; the outer end of the liquid sticking pipe 23 is connected with a constant pressure automatic supply unit 40.
As shown in fig. 4, during the monitoring of the gas pressure, the pressure measuring drill hole 24 is provided with a pressure gauge 43 and a control valve 42 at the outer end of the pressure measuring pipe 20; the grouting pump 38 is disassembled at the outer end of the grouting pipe 21, and the outer port is blocked by using a grouting pipe plug 41; the outer end of the pulp return pipe 22 is provided with a control valve 39; the viscose pipe 23 is connected with a constant pressure automatic supply unit 40.
In this embodiment, the coal bed gas pressure measurement system specifically implements the following steps when monitoring the gas pressure:
after the pressure measuring drill hole 24 is constructed, the connected and fixed pipeline pressure measuring unit is sent into the pressure measuring drill hole 24 until the front end bag hole sealing assembly is positioned near the junction position (the preset hole sealing position) of the rock hole section 25 and the coal hole section 26; then, the outer end of the grouting pipe 21 is connected with a grouting pump 38, and the grouting pump 38 is used for pumping the grouting 27 into the grouting pipe 21; opening a first grouting opening on the grouting pipe 21 in the grouting process, enabling the cement slurry 27 to enter the bag 29 and the bag 33 respectively, increasing the pressure of the cement slurry in the grouting pipe 21 and opening the explosion valve 31 after the bag 29 and the bag 33 gradually expand to be tightly attached to the hole wall, grouting the area between the bag 29 and the bag 33 until the grouting pressure requirement is met, and stopping grouting; meanwhile, the grouting process of the front and rear bag hole sealing assemblies is synchronously carried out, the grouting pump 38 is disconnected after the grouting is finished, and the outer end of the grouting pipe 21 is provided with a grouting pipe plug 41;
after grouting is finished for a certain time (generally 24 hours), the outer end of the grout return pipe 22 is connected with a control valve 39, the outer end of the viscose pipe is connected with a constant-pressure automatic supply unit 40, all the control valves in the constant-pressure automatic supply unit 40 are in a closed state, and viscose 9 is poured into the viscose tank 8 and the manual liquid pump 12 in advance; then opening the control valve 39 and the control valve 15, pumping mucus 9 by using a manual liquid pump 12, wherein the mucus 9 sequentially passes through a third pipeline 13, the control valve 15, a pressure gauge 18 and a liquid inlet pipe 19 to reach the inside of a mucus pipe 23, and penetrates through the mucus pipe 23 to fill the area between the two groups of bag sealing assemblies to form a mucus sealing layer 28; air and pump-injected mucus in the area between the two groups of bag hole sealing assemblies flow out of the control valve 39 through the grout return pipe 22; then closing the control valve 39, continuing to pump the mucus by using the manual liquid pump 12 until the pressure displayed by the pressure gauge 18 reaches the design requirement, closing the control valve 15, and ending the manual mucus injection; and then opening the high-pressure gas source bottle 1, adjusting the pressure reducing valve 2 to a designed pressure (equal to the pressure displayed by the pressure gauge 18), sequentially opening the control valve 5, the control valve 11 and the control valve 16, enabling the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas source bottle 1 to sequentially pass through the pressure reducing valve 2, the control valve 5, the pressure gauge 6 and the mucus tank air inlet 7 to reach the mucus tank 8 and act on the mucus 9, enabling the mucus 9 to sequentially pass through the liquid discharge port 10 of the mucus tank, the control valve 11, the second pipeline 14, the control valve 16, the pressure gauge 18 and the liquid inlet pipe 19 to reach the mucus pipe 23, and realizing continuous and stable supply of the pressure of the mucus in the mucus pipe 23.
After the mucus pump injection is finished and stabilized, the outer end of the pressure measuring pipe 20 is sequentially connected with a pressure gauge 43 and a control valve 42, the control valve 42 is closed, and gas pressure observation is carried out until the pressure is stabilized.
After the observation of the gas pressure is finished, closing the pressure reducing valve 2 and the control valve 16, opening the pressure reducing valve 4 and discharging high-pressure gas in the viscous liquid tank 8; opening the pressure relief valve 17 to discharge the high-pressure mucus in the mucus pipe 23; disconnecting the constant pressure automatic supply unit 40 from the line pressure measuring unit, storing the constant pressure automatic supply unit 40 for the next pressure measurement, and ending the pressure measurement operation.
The invention provides a coal seam gas pressure measuring system and a coal seam gas pressure measuring method, which integrate the advantages of a rubber ring (capsule) mucus hole sealing method and a two-plugging one-injecting hole sealing method, utilize two groups of bag hole sealing assemblies to carry out primary permanent sealing on two ends of a drill hole, then adopt mucus to carry out secondary continuous sealing on an area between the two groups of bag hole sealing assemblies, and simultaneously realize mucus constant-pressure automatic supply through a constant-pressure automatic supply unit, thereby ensuring that the pressure of the mucus sealing area is stable and dynamically closed, and the grouting pressure is always greater than the gas pressure of a measured coal seam, further improving the hole sealing effect of a pressure measuring drill hole, ensuring tight and reliable hole sealing, and further improving the accuracy of the monitoring result of the gas pressure; the constant-pressure automatic supply unit can be used for multiple times, the pressure measuring and hole sealing cost is effectively reduced, meanwhile, people do not need to manually supply mucus, the effect of reducing personnel and improving efficiency is effectively achieved, the problem of personnel shortage caused by mine limitation is solved, and the using effect of the pressure measuring and hole sealing device is further improved.