CN115199116B - Intelligent carrying robot - Google Patents
Intelligent carrying robot Download PDFInfo
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- CN115199116B CN115199116B CN202210945813.2A CN202210945813A CN115199116B CN 115199116 B CN115199116 B CN 115199116B CN 202210945813 A CN202210945813 A CN 202210945813A CN 115199116 B CN115199116 B CN 115199116B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
- E04H6/08—Garages for many vehicles
- E04H6/12—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles
- E04H6/30—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in horizontal direction only
- E04H6/36—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in horizontal direction only characterised by use of freely-movable dollies
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
- E04H6/08—Garages for many vehicles
- E04H6/12—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles
- E04H6/30—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in horizontal direction only
- E04H6/305—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in horizontal direction only using car-gripping transfer means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
- E04H6/42—Devices or arrangements peculiar to garages, not covered elsewhere, e.g. securing devices, safety devices, monitoring and operating schemes; centering devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
- E04H6/42—Devices or arrangements peculiar to garages, not covered elsewhere, e.g. securing devices, safety devices, monitoring and operating schemes; centering devices
- E04H6/422—Automatically operated car-parks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
本申请公开了智能搬运机器人,包括行走框架,所述行走框架有两个,两个行走框架配合在一起,行走框架上转动安装有夹持辊,行走框架上安装有轮子,还包括超声波探测仪、激光雷达、激光测距仪以及控制主机,每个行走框架上均安装有所述超声波探测仪、激光雷达以及激光测距仪,所述超声波探测仪、激光雷达以及激光测距仪均与所述控制主机电连接,所述控制主机设置于行走框架上。本种智能搬运机器人设置了激光雷达以及超声波探测仪,激光雷达以及超声波探测仪均可以对障碍物进行探测可以避免智能搬运机器人在搬运车辆的过程中触碰到障碍物。
This application discloses an intelligent handling robot, including a walking frame. There are two walking frames. The two walking frames are matched together. A clamping roller is mounted on the walking frame for rotation. Wheels are installed on the walking frame. It also includes an ultrasonic detector. , lidar, laser range finder and control host. The ultrasonic detector, lidar and laser range finder are installed on each walking frame. The ultrasonic detector, lidar and laser range finder are all connected with the The control host is electrically connected, and the control host is arranged on the walking frame. This type of intelligent transportation robot is equipped with lidar and ultrasonic detectors. Both lidar and ultrasonic detectors can detect obstacles to prevent the intelligent transportation robot from touching obstacles during the transportation of vehicles.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及立体车库搬运设备领域,尤其涉及一种智能搬运机器人。The invention relates to the field of three-dimensional garage handling equipment, and in particular to an intelligent handling robot.
背景技术Background technique
智能搬运机器人是目前立体车库中非常重要的一种零件,专利公告文献CN205688904U公开了一种智能搬运机器人,这种智能搬运机器人通过夹紧车辆的轮胎来搬运车辆,但是这种智能搬运机器人在搬运过程中存在一个问题,即智能搬运机器人上没有设置障碍物探测设备,所以这种搬运器机器人在搬运过程中有一定概率撞到障碍物导致智能搬运机器人自身坏损或者智能搬运机器人上的车辆坏损。Intelligent handling robots are currently a very important part in three-dimensional garages. Patent publication document CN205688904U discloses an intelligent handling robot. This intelligent handling robot handles vehicles by clamping the vehicle's tires. However, this kind of intelligent handling robot is difficult to handle when handling. There is a problem in the process, that is, there is no obstacle detection equipment on the intelligent transportation robot, so there is a certain probability that this type of transportation robot will hit an obstacle during the transportation process, causing damage to the intelligent transportation robot itself or damage to the vehicle on the intelligent transportation robot. damage.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明针对上述问题,提出了一种智能搬运机器人。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes an intelligent handling robot.
本发明采取的技术方案如下:The technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:
一种智能搬运机器人,包括行走框架,所述行走框架有两个,两个行走框架配合在一起,行走框架上转动安装有夹持辊,行走框架上安装有轮子,还包括超声波探测仪、激光雷达、激光测距仪以及控制主机,每个行走框架上均安装有所述超声波探测仪、激光雷达以及激光测距仪,所述超声波探测仪、激光雷达以及激光测距仪均与所述控制主机电连接,所述控制主机设置于行走框架上。An intelligent handling robot includes a walking frame. There are two walking frames. The two walking frames are matched together. A clamping roller is mounted on the walking frame for rotation. Wheels are installed on the walking frame. It also includes an ultrasonic detector and a laser. Radar, laser range finder and control host. The ultrasonic detector, lidar and laser range finder are installed on each walking frame. The ultrasonic detector, lidar and laser range finder are all connected with the control unit. The main machine is electrically connected, and the control main machine is arranged on the walking frame.
本中智能搬运机器人中,设置了激光雷达(且激光雷达是二维激光雷达)以及超声波探测仪,激光雷达以及超声波探测仪均可以对障碍物进行探测,这样可以避免智能搬运机器人在搬运车辆的过程中触碰到障碍物,且由于设置了激光雷达与超声波探测仪两种探测工具,两种工具协同探测可以具备更加良好的探测效果。同时为了更好地探测障碍物,可以通过调整激光雷达以及超声波探测仪的朝向,实现智能搬运机器人的各个方位方向进行探测,比如可以调整激光雷达以及超声波探测仪的朝向,使得激光雷达仅用于监测智能搬运机器人行进时水平方向的障碍物,而超声波探测仪用于监测智能搬运机器人行进时竖直方向的障碍物,通过激光测距仪可以判断智能搬运机器人所处的位置,并结合激光雷达以及超声波探测仪的检测,可以准确辨别前方障碍物所处的位置。通过对障碍物的位置辨别可以判断是否对智能搬运机器人的运行是否有影响(如有影响会立即停止)。This intelligent handling robot is equipped with a lidar (and the lidar is a two-dimensional lidar) and an ultrasonic detector. Both the lidar and the ultrasonic detector can detect obstacles, which can avoid the intelligent handling robot from moving vehicles. Obstacles are encountered during the process, and due to the installation of two detection tools, lidar and ultrasonic detectors, the collaborative detection of the two tools can achieve better detection results. At the same time, in order to better detect obstacles, the direction of the lidar and ultrasonic detector can be adjusted to detect the intelligent handling robot in all directions. For example, the direction of the lidar and ultrasonic detector can be adjusted so that the lidar can only be used for Monitor the horizontal obstacles when the intelligent handling robot is traveling, and the ultrasonic detector is used to monitor the vertical obstacles when the intelligent handling robot is traveling. The laser rangefinder can determine the location of the intelligent handling robot, combined with laser radar And the detection of ultrasonic detectors can accurately identify the location of obstacles ahead. By identifying the location of obstacles, it can be determined whether it has any impact on the operation of the intelligent handling robot (if it does, it will stop immediately).
当智能搬运机器人搬运着车辆要进入立体车库的库位存车时,如果运行过程中激光雷达或者超声波检测仪探测到库位内有汽车时,则智能搬运机器人立即停止。当智能搬运机器人需要将立体车库库位上的车取走时,激光雷达以及超声波检测仪进行探测,当二者检测到库位内汽车时,智能搬运机器人进入库位内进行搬运。而智能搬运机器人将车辆从立体车库的入口搬运到立体车库内时,智能搬运机器人首先运行至车库的入口,而后在入口处将车辆通过自身的抱夹臂抬起,而后将车辆搬运到相应的库位停放。When the intelligent handling robot carries the vehicle into the storage space of the three-dimensional garage to store the vehicle, if the lidar or ultrasonic detector detects a car in the storage space during operation, the intelligent handling robot will stop immediately. When the intelligent handling robot needs to take away the car from the three-dimensional garage storage space, the laser radar and ultrasonic detector detect the car. When the two detect the car in the storage space, the intelligent handling robot enters the storage space to carry out the transportation. When the intelligent transport robot transports the vehicle from the entrance of the three-dimensional garage to the three-dimensional garage, the intelligent transport robot first runs to the entrance of the garage, then lifts the vehicle through its own clamping arm at the entrance, and then transports the vehicle to the corresponding Parking location.
现在纯电动力以及油电混合动力的汽车越来越多,而油电混合动力以及纯电动力的汽车都需要使用到动力电池包,受制于电池制造工艺以及车辆装配工艺的稳定性,纯电动力以及油电混合动力的汽车在使用过程中存在一定的动力电池短路的概率,而动力电池短路则会导致车辆即使处于停车状态(即电机处于失电状态、车载空调处于关闭状态、车载电脑处于待机的状态)动力电池包都有可能发生自燃,而因为电池短路发生自燃的一个前兆就是动力电池包的温度持续升高,所以本搬运器机器人为了提高车库的安全性,在行走框架上设置摄像头以及红外测温探头,所述摄像头以及红外测温探头均与控制主机电连接,摄像头用于获取车辆的车型以及车牌图片,红外测温探头用于监测车辆底盘上动力电池包的温度变化,摄像头将获取的画面信息(包括车牌、车标以及车型)传递给控制主机,控制主机通过内置的软件分析判断出该车是否带动力电池包(此点需要通过车牌来判别)以及动力电池包是否位于车辆的底盘(这需要通过分析车标与车型来判断)上,当车辆停放(即电机处于失电状态、车载空调处于关闭状态、车载电脑处于待机的状态)到立体车库入口处时,且摄像头获取的画面显示车辆的底盘处带有动力电池包时,智能搬运机器人运行至车辆下方,智能搬运机器人利用自身的抱夹臂抬起车辆,而后将车辆搬运至立体车库外,利用自身安装的红外测温探头监测车辆底盘上动力电池包的温度变化,若动力电池包出现温度升高,则代表此车辆出现电池短路,存在自燃风险,需要将此车辆立即转移到阻燃的特殊位置。Nowadays, there are more and more pure electric and gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles, and both gasoline-electric hybrid and pure electric vehicles require the use of power battery packs. Due to the stability of the battery manufacturing process and vehicle assembly process, pure electric vehicles There is a certain probability of power battery short circuit during use of power and gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles, and a short circuit of the power battery will cause the vehicle to be in a parked state (that is, the motor is in a power-off state, the vehicle air conditioner is in a closed state, and the on-board computer is in a Standby state) The power battery pack may spontaneously ignite, and a precursor to spontaneous combustion due to battery short circuit is that the temperature of the power battery pack continues to rise. Therefore, in order to improve the safety of the garage, this transport robot sets a camera on the walking frame. and an infrared temperature measurement probe. The camera and the infrared temperature measurement probe are both electrically connected to the control host. The camera is used to obtain the vehicle model and license plate pictures. The infrared temperature measurement probe is used to monitor the temperature change of the power battery pack on the vehicle chassis. The camera The acquired screen information (including license plate, vehicle logo and model) is transmitted to the control host. The control host uses built-in software analysis to determine whether the car has a power battery pack (this needs to be determined by the license plate) and whether the power battery pack is located On the chassis of the vehicle (this needs to be judged by analyzing the vehicle logo and model), when the vehicle is parked (that is, the motor is in a power-off state, the vehicle air conditioner is in a off state, and the on-board computer is in a standby state) to the entrance of the three-dimensional garage, and the camera The obtained picture shows that when the chassis of the vehicle is equipped with a power battery pack, the intelligent transportation robot runs under the vehicle. The intelligent transportation robot uses its own clamping arm to lift the vehicle, and then transports the vehicle to the outside of the three-dimensional garage. It uses the infrared sensor installed on itself. The temperature measurement probe monitors the temperature changes of the power battery pack on the vehicle chassis. If the temperature of the power battery pack rises, it means that the vehicle has a battery short circuit and there is a risk of spontaneous combustion. The vehicle needs to be moved to a special flame-retardant location immediately.
可选的,所述行走框架上安装有行走伺服电机,所述轮子包括行走轮以及导向轮,所述行走轮与所述行走伺服电机配合在一起,所述导向轮转动安装于所述行走框架上,所述行走伺服电机与所述控制主机电连接。Optionally, a walking servo motor is installed on the walking frame. The wheels include a running wheel and a guide wheel. The running wheel cooperates with the walking servo motor. The guide wheel is rotatably installed on the walking frame. On the machine, the walking servo motor is electrically connected to the control host.
具体伺服电机的作用是驱动行走轮转动,而行走轮转动可以带动整台智能搬运机器人移动,而导向轮的作用是起到导向作用。Specifically, the function of the servo motor is to drive the running wheels to rotate, and the rotation of the running wheels can drive the entire intelligent handling robot to move, while the guide wheels play a guiding role.
可选的,还包括夹持伺服电机,所述夹持伺服电机设置于所述行走框架上,所述夹持伺服电机与所述夹持辊配合在一起。Optionally, a clamping servo motor is also included, the clamping servo motor is arranged on the walking frame, and the clamping servo motor cooperates with the clamping roller.
具体夹持伺服电机的作用是带动夹持辊夹紧或者松开车轮。The specific function of the clamping servo motor is to drive the clamping roller to clamp or loosen the wheel.
可选的,还包括蜗轮蜗杆,所述蜗轮安装在所述行走框架上,所述夹持辊安装于所述蜗轮上,所述蜗杆与所述夹持伺服电机配合在一起。Optionally, a worm gear is also included, the worm gear is installed on the traveling frame, the clamping roller is installed on the worm gear, and the worm cooperates with the clamping servo motor.
可选的,还包括抱夹臂,所述抱夹臂固定于所述蜗轮上,所述夹持辊转动安装于所述抱夹臂上,所述抱夹臂上安装有滚轮。Optionally, a clamping arm is also included, the clamping arm is fixed on the worm gear, the clamping roller is rotatably mounted on the clamping arm, and a roller is installed on the clamping arm.
具体一根蜗杆上与两个蜗轮配合在一起,每个蜗轮上安装有一个抱夹臂,而每个抱夹臂上转动安装有夹持辊,夹持辊的两端分别跟抱夹臂转动配合在一起,夹持辊可以在抱夹臂上进行转动,蜗轮转动安装在行走框架上,当夹持伺服电机转动时带动蜗杆转动,蜗杆转动带动蜗轮进行转动,而蜗轮转动时可以带动抱夹臂进行转动,蜗轮转动过程中两个抱夹臂的夹角变大(松开车轮)或者变小(夹紧车轮),且夹持辊是转动安装在夹持臂上的,抱夹臂通过夹持辊与车轮接触,所以可以减少在夹紧以及松开车轮时抱夹臂受到的阻力。Specifically, a worm is matched with two worm gears. Each worm gear is equipped with a clamping arm, and a clamping roller is mounted on each clamping arm. The two ends of the clamping roller rotate with the clamping arms respectively. Together, the clamping roller can rotate on the clamp arm, and the worm gear is mounted on the walking frame. When the clamping servo motor rotates, it drives the worm to rotate. The worm rotates to drive the worm gear to rotate, and when the worm gear rotates, it can drive the clamp. The arm rotates. During the rotation of the worm gear, the angle between the two clamping arms becomes larger (loosening the wheel) or smaller (clamping the wheel), and the clamping roller is rotated and installed on the clamping arm. The clamping arm passes The clamping roller is in contact with the wheel, so it reduces the resistance on the clamping arm when clamping and releasing the wheel.
具体每根蜗杆上有两段螺旋方向相反的螺旋齿,这样螺杆在转动时可以带动抱夹臂按不同的两个方向转动。Specifically, each worm has two sections of spiral teeth with opposite helical directions, so that when the screw rotates, it can drive the clamping arm to rotate in two different directions.
由于报夹臂上安装了滚轮,滚轮与地面接触,所以抱夹臂在松开或者夹紧车轮的过程中,滚轮能够对抱夹臂起到支撑作用,这样一则可以提高抱夹臂与蜗轮配合的稳定性,二则可以在一定程度上降低夹持伺服电机驱动蜗轮旋转时的能耗。Since the roller is installed on the clamping arm, and the roller is in contact with the ground, the roller can support the clamping arm when the clamping arm loosens or clamps the wheel. This can improve the connection between the clamping arm and the worm gear. The stability of the fit can, to a certain extent, reduce the energy consumption when the clamping servo motor drives the worm gear to rotate.
可选的,还包括锁止装置,两个行走框架上均安装有齿条杆,所述锁止装置设置于行走框架上,所述锁止装置上设置有调节电机,所述调节电机的轴上安装有齿轮,所述齿轮与两个行走框架上的齿条杆配合在一起。Optionally, a locking device is also included. Rack bars are installed on both walking frames. The locking device is provided on the walking frame. An adjusting motor is provided on the locking device. The shaft of the adjusting motor A gear is installed on the frame, and the gear cooperates with the rack rods on the two walking frames.
具体锁止装置的作用是用来调整两个行走框架之间的距离并且在调整完毕之后使得两个行走框架之间的距离处于相对固定的状态。需要改变两个行走框架之间的距离时(这样是为了适应不同轴距的车辆),可以通过开启调节电机,通过调节电机的正转与反转来改变两个行走框架之间的距离,当两个行走框架之间的距离调整到位之后,可以关闭调节电机,使得两个调节框架之间的距离处于固定状态。The specific function of the locking device is to adjust the distance between the two walking frames and to keep the distance between the two walking frames in a relatively fixed state after the adjustment is completed. When you need to change the distance between the two walking frames (this is to adapt to vehicles with different wheelbases), you can change the distance between the two walking frames by turning on the adjusting motor and adjusting the forward and reverse rotation of the motor. After the distance between the two walking frames is adjusted in place, the adjusting motor can be turned off so that the distance between the two adjusting frames is in a fixed state.
可选的,还包括蓄电池,所述蓄电池设置于所述行走框架上,所述蓄电池与所述控制主机电连接。Optionally, a battery is also included, the battery is arranged on the walking frame, and the battery is electrically connected to the control host.
具体蓄电池是整台智能搬运机器人的动力来源,夹持伺服电机、行走伺服电机、调节电机都是直接或者间接跟蓄电池连接的。Specifically, the battery is the power source of the entire intelligent handling robot. The clamping servo motor, walking servo motor, and adjustment motor are all directly or indirectly connected to the battery.
可选的,还包括控制器,所述控制器设置于行走框架上,所述控制主机与控制器电连接。Optionally, a controller is also included, the controller is arranged on the walking frame, and the control host is electrically connected to the controller.
具体控制主机通过各台控制器来控制各台电机。夹持伺服电机、行走伺服电机以及调节电机上接有控制器,而后各台控制器再各自与控制主机相接。The specific control host controls each motor through each controller. The clamping servo motor, traveling servo motor and adjusting motor are connected with controllers, and then each controller is connected to the control host.
本发明的有益效果是:设置了激光雷达以及超声波探测仪,激光雷达以及超声波探测仪均可以对障碍物进行探测可以避免智能搬运机器人在搬运车辆的过程中触碰到障碍物。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: a lidar and an ultrasonic detector are provided, and both the lidar and the ultrasonic detector can detect obstacles, thereby preventing the intelligent transport robot from touching the obstacles during the transport of the vehicle.
附图说明:Picture description:
图1是智能搬运机器人示意简图;Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent handling robot;
图2是行走轮以及导向轮在行走框架上的位置示意图;Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the position of the running wheels and guide wheels on the walking frame;
图3是行走框架的结构示意简图;Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the walking frame;
图4是夹持辊与抱夹臂的配合关系示意图;Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cooperative relationship between the clamping roller and the clamping arm;
图5是滚轮在抱夹臂上的位置示意图;Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the position of the roller on the clamp arm;
图6是锁止装置与行走框架的配合关系示意图;Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation relationship between the locking device and the walking frame;
图7是齿轮与齿条杆的配合关系示意图。Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the matching relationship between the gear and the rack rod.
图中各附图标记为:1、导向轮;2、摄像头;3、超声波探测仪;4、激光雷达;5、激光测距仪;6、蓄电池;7、抱夹臂;8、行走框架;9、行走轮;10、行走伺服电机;1001、编码器;11、控制器;12、传动轴;13、夹持伺服电机;14、夹持辊;15、蜗轮;16、蜗杆;17、抽气泵;18、气管;19、红外测温探头;20、滚轮;21、锁止装置;22、齿条杆;23、齿轮;24、控制主机。The figures in the figure are marked as: 1. Guide wheel; 2. Camera; 3. Ultrasonic detector; 4. Lidar; 5. Laser range finder; 6. Battery; 7. Clamp arm; 8. Walking frame; 9. Traveling wheel; 10. Traveling servo motor; 1001. Encoder; 11. Controller; 12. Transmission shaft; 13. Clamping servo motor; 14. Clamping roller; 15. Worm gear; 16. Worm; 17. Pumping Air pump; 18. Air pipe; 19. Infrared temperature probe; 20. Roller; 21. Locking device; 22. Rack bar; 23. Gear; 24. Control host.
具体实施方式:Detailed ways:
下面结合各附图,对本发明做详细描述。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
如附图1、附图2、附图3以及附图6所示,一种智能搬运机器人,包括行走框架8,行走框架8有两个,两个行走框架8配合在一起,行走框架8上转动安装有夹持辊14,行走框架8上安装有轮子,还包括超声波探测仪3、激光雷达4、激光测距仪5以及控制主机24,每个行走框架8上均安装有超声波探测仪3、激光雷达4以及激光测距仪5,超声波探测仪3、激光雷达4以及激光测距仪5均与控制主机电连接,控制主机设置于行走框架8上。As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 6, an intelligent handling robot includes a walking frame 8. There are two walking frames 8. The two walking frames 8 are matched together. A clamping roller 14 is installed for rotation, and wheels are installed on the walking frame 8. It also includes an ultrasonic detector 3, a laser radar 4, a laser range finder 5 and a control host 24. Each walking frame 8 is equipped with an ultrasonic detector 3. , lidar 4 and laser range finder 5, ultrasonic detector 3, lidar 4 and laser range finder 5 are all electrically connected to the control host, and the control host is arranged on the walking frame 8.
本中智能搬运机器人中,设置了激光雷达4(且激光雷达4是二维激光雷达4)以及超声波探测仪3,激光雷达4以及超声波探测仪3均可以对障碍物进行探测,这样可以避免智能搬运机器人在搬运车辆的过程中触碰到障碍物,且由于设置了激光雷达4与超声波探测仪3两种探测工具,两种工具协同探测可以具备更加良好的探测效果。同时为了更好地探测障碍物,可以通过调整激光雷达4以及超声波探测仪3的朝向,实现智能搬运机器人的各个方位方向进行探测,比如可以调整激光雷达4以及超声波探测仪3的朝向,使得激光雷达4仅用于监测智能搬运机器人行进时水平方向的障碍物,而超声波探测仪3用于监测智能搬运机器人行进时竖直方向的障碍物,激光测距仪5可以测量智能搬运机器人与障碍物(以及车辆)的距离。In this intelligent handling robot, a lidar 4 (and the lidar 4 is a two-dimensional lidar 4) and an ultrasonic detector 3 are set up. Both the lidar 4 and the ultrasonic detector 3 can detect obstacles, which can avoid intelligent The transport robot touches an obstacle while transporting the vehicle, and since two detection tools, lidar 4 and ultrasonic detector 3, are installed, the two tools can achieve better detection results through collaborative detection. At the same time, in order to better detect obstacles, the orientation of the lidar 4 and the ultrasonic detector 3 can be adjusted to detect the intelligent handling robot in all directions. For example, the orientation of the lidar 4 and the ultrasonic detector 3 can be adjusted so that the laser Radar 4 is only used to monitor obstacles in the horizontal direction when the intelligent handling robot is traveling, while ultrasonic detector 3 is used to monitor obstacles in the vertical direction when the intelligent handling robot is traveling. Laser rangefinder 5 can measure the distance between the intelligent handling robot and obstacles. (and vehicle) distance.
当智能搬运机器人搬运着车辆要进入立体车库的库位存车时,如果运行过程中激光雷达4或者超声波检测仪探测到库位内有汽车时,则智能搬运机器人立即停止。当智能搬运机器人需要将立体车库库位上的车取走时,激光雷达4以及超声波检测仪进行探测,当二者检测到库位内汽车时,智能搬运机器人进入库位内进行搬运。而智能搬运机器人将车辆从立体车库的入口搬运到立体车库内时,智能搬运机器人首先运行至车库的入口,而后在入口处将车辆通过自身的抱夹臂7抬起,而后将车辆搬运到相应的库位停放。When the intelligent handling robot carries the vehicle into the storage space of the three-dimensional garage to store the vehicle, if the lidar 4 or ultrasonic detector detects a car in the storage space during operation, the intelligent handling robot will stop immediately. When the intelligent handling robot needs to take away the car from the three-dimensional garage storage space, the lidar 4 and the ultrasonic detector perform detection. When the two detect the car in the storage space, the intelligent handling robot enters the storage space to carry out the transportation. When the intelligent transport robot transports the vehicle from the entrance of the three-dimensional garage to the three-dimensional garage, the intelligent transport robot first runs to the entrance of the garage, then lifts the vehicle at the entrance through its own clamping arm 7, and then transports the vehicle to the corresponding location. The storage location is parked.
现在纯电动力以及油电混合动力的汽车越来越多,而油电混合动力以及纯电动力的汽车都需要使用到动力电池包,受制于电池制造工艺以及车辆装配工艺的稳定性,纯电动力以及油电混合动力的汽车在使用过程中存在一定的动力电池短路的概率,而动力电池短路则会导致车辆即使处于停车状态(即电机处于失电状态、车载空调处于关闭状态、车载电脑处于待机的状态)动力电池包都有可能发生自燃,而因为电池短路发生自燃的一个前兆就是动力电池包的温度持续升高,所以本搬运器机器人为了提高车库的安全性,在行走框架8上设置摄像头2以及红外测温探头19,摄像头2以及红外测温探头19均与控制主机电连接,摄像头2用于获取车辆的车型以及车牌图片,红外测温探头19用于监测车辆底盘上动力电池包的温度变化,摄像头2将获取的画面信息(包括车牌、车标以及车型)传递给控制主机,控制主机通过内置的软件分析判断出该车是否带动力电池包(此点需要通过车牌来判别,比如我国绝大部分地区纯燃油车是蓝牌,而混动与纯电是绿牌)以及动力电池包是否位于车辆的底盘(这需要通过分析车标与车型来判断)上,当车辆停放(即电机处于失电状态、车载空调处于关闭状态、车载电脑处于待机的状态)到立体车库入口处时,且摄像头2获取的画面显示车辆的底盘处带有动力电池包时,智能搬运机器人运行至车辆下方,智能搬运机器人利用自身的抱夹臂7抬起车辆,而后将车辆搬运至立体车库外,利用自身安装的红外测温探头19监测车辆底盘上动力电池包的温度(刚停车时动力电池包的温度是远高于环境温度的,这也会使得车辆底盘处的温度高于环境温度)变化,一定时间内(比如5分钟之内),动力电池包出现温度持续升高,则代表此车辆出现电池短路,存在自燃风险,需要立即将车辆搬运至远离立体车库的空旷地带。Nowadays, there are more and more pure electric and gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles, and both gasoline-electric hybrid and pure electric vehicles require the use of power battery packs. Due to the stability of the battery manufacturing process and vehicle assembly process, pure electric vehicles There is a certain probability of power battery short circuit during use of power and gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles, and a short circuit of the power battery will cause the vehicle to be in a parked state (that is, the motor is in a power-off state, the vehicle air conditioner is in a closed state, and the on-board computer is in a Standby state) The power battery pack may spontaneously ignite, and a precursor to spontaneous combustion due to battery short circuit is that the temperature of the power battery pack continues to rise. Therefore, in order to improve the safety of the garage, this transporter robot is set on the walking frame 8 The camera 2 and the infrared temperature probe 19 are electrically connected to the control host. The camera 2 is used to obtain the vehicle model and license plate pictures, and the infrared temperature probe 19 is used to monitor the power battery pack on the vehicle chassis. The temperature changes, and the camera 2 transmits the acquired picture information (including license plate, vehicle logo, and model) to the control host. The control host determines whether the car has a power battery pack through built-in software analysis (this needs to be determined by the license plate, For example, in most areas of our country, pure fuel vehicles are blue plates, while hybrid and pure electric vehicles are green plates) and whether the power battery pack is located on the chassis of the vehicle (this needs to be judged by analyzing the vehicle logo and model). When the vehicle is parked ( That is, when the motor is in a power-off state, the on-board air conditioner is off, and the on-board computer is in standby state) when it arrives at the entrance of the three-dimensional garage, and the picture obtained by camera 2 shows that there is a power battery pack on the chassis of the vehicle, the intelligent handling robot runs to Under the vehicle, the intelligent transport robot uses its own clamping arm 7 to lift the vehicle, and then transports the vehicle to the outside of the three-dimensional garage. It uses its own infrared temperature measurement probe 19 to monitor the temperature of the power battery pack on the vehicle chassis (the power battery pack is just parked). The temperature of the battery pack is much higher than the ambient temperature, which will also cause the temperature at the vehicle chassis to change (higher than the ambient temperature). If the temperature of the power battery pack continues to rise within a certain period of time (such as within 5 minutes), it means that If the vehicle has a battery short circuit, there is a risk of spontaneous combustion. The vehicle needs to be moved to an open area away from the three-dimensional garage immediately.
上述监测方案中,红外测温探头19朝向正上方,当智能搬运机器人位于车辆下方时,红外测温探头19朝向车辆的底盘,底盘的温度不一定的是动力电池包的温度,但是底盘的温度变化趋势与动力电池包的温度变化趋势是一致。In the above monitoring scheme, the infrared temperature measurement probe 19 faces directly upward. When the intelligent transport robot is located under the vehicle, the infrared temperature measurement probe 19 faces the chassis of the vehicle. The temperature of the chassis is not necessarily the temperature of the power battery pack, but the temperature of the chassis. The changing trend is consistent with the temperature changing trend of the power battery pack.
具体车库内设置有多台智能搬运机器人,当一台智能搬运机器人在检测新能源汽车底盘温度时,其它智能搬运机器人可以继续做存取车工作。There are multiple intelligent handling robots installed in a specific garage. When one intelligent handling robot is detecting the chassis temperature of a new energy vehicle, other intelligent handling robots can continue to access the vehicle.
上述测试方案中,由于红外测温探头19来测量底盘处的温度,对于部分密封较好的动力电池包而言,其自然状态与环境的热交换速度很慢(即散热很慢),这种情况下当智能搬运机器人运行至车辆下方时,红外摄测温探头可能在很长时间(比如10分钟)内都无法测量到温度变化(且底盘温度处于高位状态,比如测得温度高达40℃),为了区分是因为散热慢,车辆自带电池降温设备(部分车辆安装有此类设备,部分没有)故障还是电池短路导致的汽车底盘温度不下降,本智能搬运机器人中设置了抽气泵17以及气管18,抽气泵17与气管18均安装在行走框架8上,气管18的一个管口与抽气泵17相接,另一个管口处于封堵状态,气管18的管壁上开设了若干出风孔,且出风孔朝向正上方(即车辆的底盘),出风孔上安装有滤网片,抽气泵17的进气口上也安装有滤网片,当红外测温探头19在一段时间内测量到车辆底盘处的温度无变化时,抽气泵17开启,抽气泵17将气体通过气管18上的出风孔吹向车辆底盘,利用气流吹拂对车辆的底盘上的动力电池包进行散热,此气流吹拂的过程中红外测温探头19处于一直对底盘温度进行监测的状态,当红外测温探头19测得底盘处的温度开始降低时,抽气泵17停止抽气,而后利用红外测温探头19继续对底盘进行温度监测,若监测到底盘温度出现上升,则极有可能是因为动力电池包短路造成的,需要及时将车辆搬运到空旷地带,若一段时间(比如10分钟内)依然维持不变,则有可能是动力电池包自身散热慢或者是车辆自带电池降温设备故障。In the above test plan, since the infrared temperature probe 19 measures the temperature at the chassis, for some well-sealed power battery packs, the heat exchange speed between the natural state and the environment is very slow (that is, the heat dissipation is very slow). In some cases, when the intelligent handling robot runs under the vehicle, the infrared temperature measurement probe may not be able to measure the temperature change for a long time (for example, 10 minutes) (and the chassis temperature is at a high level, for example, the measured temperature is as high as 40°C) , in order to distinguish whether it is due to slow heat dissipation, a failure of the vehicle's own battery cooling equipment (some vehicles are equipped with such equipment, some are not) or a battery short circuit that causes the vehicle chassis temperature not to drop, this intelligent handling robot is equipped with an air pump 17 and an air pipe. 18. The air pump 17 and the trachea 18 are both installed on the walking frame 8. One nozzle of the trachea 18 is connected to the air suction pump 17, and the other nozzle is in a blocked state. Several air outlets are opened on the wall of the trachea 18. , and the air outlet is facing directly upward (i.e., the chassis of the vehicle), a filter piece is installed on the air outlet, and a filter piece is also installed on the air inlet of the air pump 17. When the infrared temperature measuring probe 19 measures within a period of time When the temperature at the vehicle chassis does not change, the air pump 17 is turned on. The air pump 17 blows the gas to the vehicle chassis through the air outlet on the air pipe 18, and uses the air flow to dissipate heat from the power battery pack on the vehicle chassis. This air flow During the blowing process, the infrared temperature measuring probe 19 is in a state of always monitoring the chassis temperature. When the infrared temperature measuring probe 19 detects that the temperature at the chassis begins to decrease, the air pump 17 stops pumping, and then uses the infrared temperature measuring probe 19 to continue. Monitor the temperature of the chassis. If the chassis temperature rises, it is most likely caused by a short circuit in the power battery pack. The vehicle needs to be moved to an open area in time. If it remains unchanged for a period of time (such as within 10 minutes), It is possible that the power battery pack itself is slow to dissipate heat or the vehicle's own battery cooling equipment is faulty.
具体为了提高温度测量的可靠性,本种智能搬运机器人中设置了多个(不少于6个)红外测温探头19,且每个行走框架8上都设置有红外测温探头19以及气管18。Specifically, in order to improve the reliability of temperature measurement, this type of intelligent handling robot is equipped with multiple (not less than 6) infrared temperature measurement probes 19, and each walking frame 8 is provided with an infrared temperature measurement probe 19 and a trachea 18. .
具体抽气泵17与蓄电池6连接,且抽气泵17的开关由控制主机控制。Specifically, the air pump 17 is connected to the battery 6, and the switch of the air pump 17 is controlled by the control host.
需要说明的是动力电池包不设置在底盘上的车辆不适用本种智能搬运机器人来对车辆进行动力电池包自燃预警。It should be noted that vehicles where the power battery pack is not installed on the chassis are not suitable for this type of intelligent handling robot to provide self-ignition warning for the power battery pack on the vehicle.
如附图2及3所示,行走框架8上安装有行走伺服电机10,轮子包括行走轮9以及导向轮1,行走轮9与行走伺服电机10配合在一起,导向轮1转动安装于行走框架8上,行走伺服电机10与控制主机电连接。As shown in Figures 2 and 3, a traveling servo motor 10 is installed on the traveling frame 8. The wheels include a traveling wheel 9 and a guide wheel 1. The traveling wheel 9 cooperates with the traveling servo motor 10, and the guide wheel 1 is mounted on the traveling frame for rotation. 8, the walking servo motor 10 is electrically connected to the control host.
具体伺服电机的作用是驱动行走轮9转动,而行走轮9转动可以带动整台智能搬运机器人移动,而导向轮1的作用是起到导向作用。Specifically, the function of the servo motor is to drive the running wheel 9 to rotate, and the rotation of the running wheel 9 can drive the entire intelligent handling robot to move, and the function of the guide wheel 1 is to play a guiding role.
具体行走伺服电机10上设置有编码器1001,编码器1001用于记录伺服电机转动的圈数。通过旋转圈数配合激光测距的数值,可以对比自身位置是否正确。Specifically, the walking servo motor 10 is provided with an encoder 1001, and the encoder 1001 is used to record the number of turns of the servo motor. By combining the number of rotations with the value of laser ranging, you can compare whether your position is correct.
具体行走轮9有多个,行走轮9与行走轮9之间通过传动轴12联动,行走伺服电机10直接驱动传动轴12转动。Specifically, there are multiple traveling wheels 9. The traveling wheels 9 are linked through a transmission shaft 12, and the traveling servo motor 10 directly drives the transmission shaft 12 to rotate.
如附图2及3所示,还包括夹持伺服电机13,夹持伺服电机13设置于行走框架8上,夹持伺服电机13与夹持辊14配合在一起。As shown in Figures 2 and 3, it also includes a clamping servo motor 13. The clamping servo motor 13 is arranged on the walking frame 8, and the clamping servo motor 13 cooperates with the clamping roller 14.
具体夹持伺服电机13的作用是带动夹持辊14夹紧或者松开车轮。Specifically, the function of the clamping servo motor 13 is to drive the clamping roller 14 to clamp or loosen the wheel.
如附图4及5所示,还包括蜗轮15蜗杆16,蜗轮15安装在行走框架8上,夹持辊14安装于蜗轮15上,蜗杆16与夹持伺服电机13配合在一起。As shown in Figures 4 and 5, it also includes a worm gear 15 and a worm 16. The worm gear 15 is installed on the traveling frame 8. The clamping roller 14 is installed on the worm gear 15. The worm 16 cooperates with the clamping servo motor 13.
如附图4及5所示,还包括抱夹臂7,抱夹臂7固定于蜗轮15上,夹持辊14转动安装于抱夹臂7上,抱夹臂7上安装有滚轮20。As shown in Figures 4 and 5, it also includes a clamping arm 7. The clamping arm 7 is fixed on the worm gear 15. The clamping roller 14 is rotatably installed on the clamping arm 7. The clamping arm 7 is equipped with a roller 20.
具体一根蜗杆16上与两个蜗轮15配合在一起,每个蜗轮15上安装有一个抱夹臂7,而每个抱夹臂7上转动安装有夹持辊14,夹持辊14的两端分别跟抱夹臂7转动配合在一起,夹持辊14可以在抱夹臂7上进行转动,蜗轮15转动安装在行走框架8上,当夹持伺服电机13转动时带动蜗杆16转动,蜗杆16转动带动蜗轮15进行转动,而蜗轮15转动时可以带动抱夹臂7进行转动,蜗轮15转动过程中两个抱夹臂7的夹角变大(松开车轮)或者变小(夹紧车轮),且夹持辊14是转动安装在夹持臂上的,抱夹臂7通过夹持辊14与车轮接触,所以可以减少在夹紧以及松开车轮时抱夹臂7受到的阻力。Specifically, one worm 16 is matched with two worm gears 15. Each worm gear 15 is equipped with a clamping arm 7, and each clamping arm 7 is rotatably mounted with a clamping roller 14. The two sides of the clamping roller 14 The ends are rotated and matched with the clamping arm 7 respectively. The clamping roller 14 can rotate on the clamping arm 7. The worm gear 15 is mounted on the walking frame 8. When the clamping servo motor 13 rotates, it drives the worm 16 to rotate. The rotation of 16 drives the worm gear 15 to rotate, and when the worm gear 15 rotates, it can drive the clamp arm 7 to rotate. During the rotation of the worm gear 15, the angle between the two clamp arms 7 becomes larger (loosening the wheel) or smaller (clamping the wheel). ), and the clamping roller 14 is rotatably mounted on the clamping arm. The clamping arm 7 contacts the wheel through the clamping roller 14, so the resistance encountered by the clamping arm 7 when clamping and releasing the wheel can be reduced.
具体每根蜗杆上有两段螺旋方向相反的螺旋齿,这样螺杆在转动时可以带动抱夹臂按不同的两个方向转动。Specifically, each worm has two sections of spiral teeth with opposite helical directions, so that when the screw rotates, it can drive the clamping arm to rotate in two different directions.
由于报夹臂上安装了滚轮20,滚轮20与地面接触,所以抱夹臂7在松开或者夹紧车轮的过程中,滚轮20能够对抱夹臂7起到支撑作用,这样一则可以提高抱夹臂7与蜗轮15配合的稳定性,二则可以在一定程度上降低夹持伺服电机13驱动蜗轮15旋转时的能耗。Since the roller 20 is installed on the clamping arm, and the roller 20 is in contact with the ground, when the clamping arm 7 is loosening or clamping the wheel, the roller 20 can support the clamping arm 7, which can improve the performance of the clamping arm. The stability of the cooperation between the clamping arm 7 and the worm gear 15 can, to a certain extent, reduce the energy consumption when the clamping servo motor 13 drives the worm gear 15 to rotate.
如附图1、6及7所示,还包括锁止装置21,两个行走框架8上均安装有齿条杆22,锁止装置21设置于行走框架8上,锁止装置21上设置有调节电机,调节电机的轴上安装有齿轮,齿轮与两个行走框架8上的齿条杆22配合在一起。As shown in Figures 1, 6 and 7, it also includes a locking device 21. The two walking frames 8 are equipped with rack bars 22. The locking device 21 is provided on the walking frame 8. The locking device 21 is provided with a Adjust the motor, the shaft of the adjustment motor is equipped with a gear, and the gear cooperates with the rack bars 22 on the two walking frames 8.
具体锁止装置21的作用是用来调整两个行走框架8之间的距离并且在调整完毕之后使得两个行走框架8之间的距离处于相对固定的状态。需要改变两个行走框架8之间的距离时(这样是为了适应不同轴距的车辆),可以通过开启调节电机,通过调节电机的正转与反转来改变两个行走框架8之间的距离,当两个行走框架8之间的距离调整到位之后,可以关闭调节电机,使得两个调节框架之间的距离处于固定状态。由于调节电机转动即可拉动行走框架8进行移动,所以本种智能搬运机器人在移动过程亦可调节两个行走框架8之间的距离。Specifically, the function of the locking device 21 is to adjust the distance between the two walking frames 8 and to keep the distance between the two walking frames 8 in a relatively fixed state after the adjustment. When it is necessary to change the distance between the two walking frames 8 (in order to adapt to vehicles with different wheelbases), the distance between the two walking frames 8 can be changed by turning on the adjusting motor and adjusting the forward and reverse rotation of the motor. distance, after the distance between the two walking frames 8 is adjusted in place, the adjusting motor can be turned off so that the distance between the two adjusting frames is in a fixed state. Since the walking frame 8 can be pulled to move by adjusting the rotation of the motor, this intelligent handling robot can also adjust the distance between the two walking frames 8 during the movement process.
如附图1所示,还包括蓄电池6,蓄电池6设置于行走框架8上,蓄电池6与控制主机电连接。As shown in Figure 1, it also includes a battery 6. The battery 6 is arranged on the walking frame 8, and the battery 6 is electrically connected to the control host.
具体蓄电池6是整台智能搬运机器人的动力来源,夹持伺服电机13、行走伺服电机10、调节电机都是直接或者间接跟蓄电池6连接的。Specifically, the battery 6 is the power source of the entire intelligent handling robot. The clamping servo motor 13, the walking servo motor 10, and the adjusting motor are all directly or indirectly connected to the battery 6.
如附图2及3所示,还包括控制器11,控制器11设置于行走框架8上,控制主机与控制器11电连接。As shown in Figures 2 and 3, it also includes a controller 11. The controller 11 is arranged on the walking frame 8, and the control host is electrically connected to the controller 11.
具体控制主机通过各台控制器11来控制各台电机。夹持伺服电机13、行走伺服电机10以及调节电机上接有控制器11,而后各台控制器11再各自与控制主机相接。Specifically, the control host controls each motor through each controller 11. The clamping servo motor 13, the walking servo motor 10 and the adjusting motor are connected to a controller 11, and then each controller 11 is connected to the control host.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例,并非因此即限制本发明的专利保护范围,凡是运用本发明说明书内容所作的等效变换,直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本发明的保护范围内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made by using the contents of the description of the present invention, directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, include the same. within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN117052212B (en) | 2025-12-02 |
| CN117052212A (en) | 2023-11-14 |
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